This regulation specifies the technical requirements, measures and management for dust and toxicity prevention in the production of zinc-manganese dry batteries. This regulation applies to the design and management of dust and toxicity prevention in the production of zinc-manganese dry batteries. GB 13011-1991 Technical Regulation for Dust and Toxic Prevention in the Production of Zinc-Manganese Dry Batteries GB13011-1991 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical Code for Dust and Poison Control in the Production of Zinc-Manganese Batteries1 Subject Content and Scope of Application
This code specifies the technical requirements, measures and management for dust and poison control in the production of zinc-manganese batteries. This code applies to the design and management of dust and poison control in the production of zinc-manganese batteries. 2 Reference Standards
GBJ36 Industrial Enterprise Design Hygiene Standard
GBJ4 Industrial "Three Wastes" Emission Standard
3 Terminology
3.1 Material
Refers to the raw materials and semi-finished products for the production of dry batteries. 3.2 Powdery Row Material refers to the powdery raw materials and mixtures such as manganese dioxide, acetylene black, graphite powder, ammonium chloride, etc. used in the production of dry batteries. 3.3 Harmful substancesGB 13011-91
Refers to the raw materials and substances produced in the production process that can affect people's physical and mental health and cause diseases (including occupational diseases). 4 Dust prevention requirements and technical measures
4.1 Dust prevention requirements
The concentration of mixed dust in the workshop air shall not exceed 10mg/m2, of which the concentration of manganese dioxide dust shall not exceed 0.2mg/m. 4.2 Dust prevention process measures
4.2.1 Packaging and storage of powders
4.2.1.1 The packaging materials of powders entering the factory should have good sealing and strength. 4.2.1.2 Powders should be stored in special warehouses or sites, and open-air stacking is strictly prohibited. 4.2.1.3 In central heating areas, warehouses or sites should be located on the upwind side of the minimum frequency wind direction of other buildings in the non-heating season; in non-central heating areas, they should be located on the leeward side of the dominant wind direction throughout the year. 4.2.1.4 The packaging bags of powders should be centrally stacked and handled uniformly. 4.2.2 Feeding and conveying
4.2.2.1 Feeding should be carried out in a separate room, and dust removal facilities must be installed at the feeding port. 4.2.2.2 When conveying powder materials by the following methods, corresponding dust prevention measures should be taken: When a new closed powder mixing plant is built, the powder materials should be conveyed by pulse pneumatic conveying, and the silo should have dust removal facilities; A
When conveying powder materials by bucket elevator, the material port should have dust removal facilities; State Technical Supervision Bureau approved on May 6, 1991 and implemented on February 1, 1992
GB 13011-91
c. When conveying powder materials by closed screw conveyor, when the feed drop is greater than 1m, dust prevention devices should be installed at the receiving point; When conveying dry powder materials by belt conveyor, the whole machine should be closed, and a local closed cover should be installed at the end unloading point. d.
4.2.2.3 Negative pressure suction or positive pressure suspension blowing should not be used to transport powders; elevators should not be used as a means of transporting powders. 4.2.3 Silos and weighing
4.2.3.1 Silos should be airtight, and dust removal facilities and material level indicators should be installed. 4.2.3.2 Dust prevention measures should be taken for weighing powders, and automatic weighing devices should be used. 4.2.4 Mixing powder
4.2.4.1 Manual mixing of powders shall not be used. Mixing machines should be used for both dry and wet mixing, and the mixing machines must be airtight. 4.2.4.2
When mixing powders with an inner-rotating but non-outer-rotating mixing machine: the mixing machine and the weighing device should be connected in a closed manner with a hose or other flexible material; the mixing machine should have airtight dust removal measures, and the inspection port should be easy to open and close and reliably closed. 4.2.4.3 When using an internal-external mixer to mix powder: a
The whole process must be kept tightly closed, and the seal of the material port should adopt a groove structure; dust removal facilities should be installed at the material feeding port;
The electrolyte can be sprayed in from the hollow shaft.
4.2.5 Powder screening, discharging and battery cell forming
4.2.5.1 The flat-bottomed vibrating screen should be surrounded by enclosures. 4.2.5.2 The discharging, transportation and forming of battery cell powder should reduce the scattering of powder, and the powder on the ground should be cleaned and recycled in time. 4.2.5.3 The battery cell forming process of a single machine should be separated from other parts of the workshop by partitions or solid walls. 4.2.6 Zinc cake processing and battery brushing
4.2.6.1 Zinc cake processing should be carried out in a separate room. 4.2.6.2 Zinc cake processing equipment should be equipped with dust removal facilities with closed hoods. 4.2.6.3 The battery brushing process should be equipped with a dust removal unit. 4.3 Dust prevention design measures
4.3.1 Design and renovation of the powder mixing workshop
4.3.1.1 The powder mixing workshop should be adjacent to the powder warehouse or site, and the powder mixing process equipment should be arranged vertically and centrally controlled. 4.3.1.2 The indoor building components of the powder mixing workshop should reduce the convex and concave parts that are easy to accumulate dust, and the walls and floors should be flat. 4.3.1.3 The ventilation of the powder mixing workshop should be mainly local exhaust. 4.3.1.4 In the centralized heating area, if the dust removal exhaust volume is large, a make-up air system should be installed. 4.3.2 Design of the dust removal system
4.3.2.1 The dust collector should be reasonably selected according to the national emission standards, the initial concentration, dispersion, density, viscosity of the dust, and the physical and chemical properties of the gas such as temperature, humidity, chemical composition, and factors such as cost, maintenance, and installation location, refer to Table 1. Table 1
First stage dust removal
Bag dust collector
Cyclone bag combined dust collector
Settling chamber
Dust removal unit
Second stage dust removal
Bag dust collector
4.3.2.2 The horizontal distance between the ventilation air inlet and the dust removal system exhaust outlet should be greater than 10m, and the vertical distance should be not less than 6m. The exhaust outlet should be 1.5m higher than the roof.
4.3.2.3 The design of dust removal ducts shall comply with the following provisions 240
GB 13011---91
The duct should be laid openly. When it must be laid underground, it should be placed in the trench; the wind speed in the duct should prevent the transported dust from settling; b.www.bzxz.net
To prevent blockage, the inner diameter of the duct should not be less than 80mm; c.
d. The dust removal duct should be equipped with a cleaning hole.
4.3.2.4 The dust removal system should use a centrifugal fan. The fan should be installed after the dust collector. When the dust concentration is low and the particle size is fine, it can also be installed before the dust collector. The fan installed before the dust collector should use a dust exhaust fan; the fan installed after the dust collector can use a common type. For a two-stage dust collector, the fan can be installed after the first stage dust collector. 4.3.2.5 The dust discharge valve of the dry dust collector should be well sealed. And the dust should be discharged in a closed container. 5 Anti-toxic requirements and technical measures
5.1 Anti-toxic requirements
5.1.1 The concentration of harmful substances in the workshop air shall not exceed the provisions of Table 2: Table 2
Material name
Zinc oxide
Asphalt fume
Solvent gasoline
Maximum allowable concentration
Main production workshops and departments
Electrolyte workshop, coating and drying, etc.
Zinc cake processing, battery brushing
Welding zinc
Welding zinc
Asphalt preparation, pouring, etc.
Boiled carbon rods, zinc cake processing
5.1.2 The workshops that produce harmful substances should be cleaned, swept or washed before and after the shift. 5.1.3 When the concentration of mercury-containing wastewater generated during production exceeds 0.05 mg/L (calculated as metallic mercury) and the concentration of zinc-containing wastewater exceeds 5 mg/L (calculated as metallic zinc), they shall be discharged after purification and reaching the standard. 5.2 Anti-toxic technical measures
5.2.1 Mercury and its compounds
5.2.1.1 The electrolyte preparation workshop shall have ventilation facilities. Its walls, ceilings and floors shall be made of materials or coatings that do not absorb poisons such as mercuric chloride. Its floor must be flat and dense, and maintain a certain slope towards the ground or drainage ditch. 5.2.1.2 The electrolyte preparation pool must prevent leakage to avoid groundwater pollution. 5.2.1.3 The slurry system shall be equipped with a reflux device, and the liquid level of the slurry machine shall be more than 20 mm lower than the overflow port. 5.2.1.4 Local exhaust hoods shall be set up for the slurry and gelatinization processes, and the wind speed at the hood outlet shall be 0.5~0.7 m/s. 5.2.1.5 The mercuric chloride content in the electrolyte of paste batteries shall not exceed 1%; the mercuric chloride content in the electrolyte of paperboard batteries shall not exceed 1%, the mercuric chloride content in pulp paper shall not exceed 2g/m2, the mercuric chloride content in each R20 or R14 battery shall not exceed 16mg, and the mercuric chloride content in each R6 or R03 battery shall not exceed 5mg; the metallic mercury content in the zinc paste of alkaline zinc-manganese batteries shall not exceed 6%. 5.2.1.6 Ventilation and detoxification devices shall be installed in the processes of pulp paper coating and drying, zinc paste preparation and injection that generate mercury-containing waste gas. The mercury content in the air of the working area shall comply with the requirements of GBJ36, and the emission concentration shall comply with the requirements of GBJ4. It shall be purified when exceeding the standard. 5.2.1.7 The scraps of pulp paper shall be properly handled in a centralized manner. It is strictly prohibited to sell them as waste or discharge them as industrial waste. 5.2.1.8 Under conditions where the process allows, effective corrosion inhibitors should be used to replace mercuric chloride. 5.2.2 Asphalt
5.2.2.1 The asphalt preparation workshop should have ventilation facilities. 5.2.2.2 The structure and heating method of various asphalt heating furnaces should be improved to reduce the amount of oil smoke emitted. It is advisable to use asphalt closed energy-saving purification heating furnaces for melting and preparation
GB 13011—91
5.2.2.3 Equipment for preparing asphalt should be equipped with local exhaust hoods. 5.2.2.4 Prepared asphalt should be transported in covered containers. 5.2.2.5 The asphalt sealing process should be equipped with local exhaust hoods, and the oil temperature in the sealing pot should not exceed 300℃. 5.2.2.6 Under conditions where the process allows, plastic seals and sealants should be used to replace asphalt seals. 5.2.3 Others
5.2.3.1 When welding zinc cylinders, a local exhaust hood should be installed at the work site. The wind speed at the hood should be 0.5~1.0m/s. When the toxic gas discharged exceeds the standard, it should be purified.
5.2.3.2 The wax oil room should be equipped with an exhaust device. The temperature of boiling charcoal rod wax should not exceed 190℃ in winter and 180℃ in summer. The temperature of boiling paper cover and paper bottom wax should not exceed 230℃.
5.2.3.3 The noise pollution of the overall zinc cylinder forming workshop must be strictly controlled. When it exceeds 90dB(A), sound insulation, noise elimination, sound absorption and other measures should be taken, or protective measures should be taken for the operator. 6 Technical Management and Monitoring
6.1 Management
6.1.1 Dry cell manufacturers must formulate rules and regulations for dust and toxic prevention: job responsibility system, operating procedures, operation records, and the establishment of a maintenance system for dust and toxic prevention facilities.
6.1.2·Full-time or part-time dust and toxic management personnel must be assigned, and their number should not be less than 1% of the total number of personnel exposed to dust and toxic gases. 6.1.3 The utilization rate of dust removal equipment shall not be less than 90%. 6.1.4 Employees must undergo a physical examination before being transferred to dust and toxic work positions. Normally, they must undergo at least one physical examination each year and establish a health record. Those who are not suitable should be transferred to another job in a timely manner.
6.1.5 The management of harmful substances and waste products in the production process should be strengthened, and the greening of the factory area should be improved. 6.2 Monitoring
6.2.1 Dry cell manufacturers should be equipped with necessary dust and toxic testing instruments and corresponding testing personnel. 6.2.2 The concentration of harmful substances at dust and toxic pollution points should be measured at least once in winter and summer each year, and the test results should be collated and archived. 6.2.3 The efficiency of dust and toxic prevention facilities should be tested regularly, and they must be repaired or replaced in a timely manner if they do not meet the requirements. 6.3 Personal hygiene and protection
6.3.1 All workers who come into contact with dust bags must wear protective equipment when working. 6.3.2 Eating, drinking and resting in dust and toxic work areas are strictly prohibited. 6.3.3 Shower facilities should be set up in the factory area.
Additional instructions:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Labor of the People's Republic of China. This standard was compiled by the Henan Provincial Institute of Labor Protection Science. The main drafters of this standard are Han Fanchun, Si Gong and Li Jin. 242
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