2023年高考复习阅读理解满分考点1--细节理解之直接信息--讲考点--胸有成竹（教师版）

2023年高考复习阅读理解满分考点考点1??细节理解之直接信息??讲考点??陶有成竹【2022年直接信息考点归纳】7点题珍、细节理解试卷类型阅读考点2022?新高考I卷阅读

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33、【2023年高考命题预测】34细节理解之直接信息考点是高考中的必考点直接信息考点主要在广告信息类文章中考，锁定题干直接找到答案，选项和文章内容一致预测在2023高考中，直接信息题会在广告信息文章中和记叙文、说明文中的部分试题中呈现【细节理解之直接信息考点指南】命题意图我们在看文章、读报纸时，我们最重要的目的就是获取直接信息，也就是说，看了文章之后我们知道了什么，我们找到了我们需要的信息通过阅读广告信息我们能做我们要做的事，这就是学以致用，在用中学的重要思想因此，细节理解题一直是高考命题的重点，它要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解有些答案考生可以直接从文中找到明确的线索，但有些则需要考生在理解的基础上将有关信息进行处理，如计算、排序、判断、比较等近年全国及各省、市高考阅读理解中，对细节理解类题型的考查依然占了较大的比例特别是应用文、说明文和记叙文中，更是侧重于对细节理解的考查考例分析B【

2022.新高考I卷】Like mostof us,I tryto bemindful of food thatgoes towaste.The arugula（芝麻菜）was tomake anice greensalad,rounding outa roastchicken dinner.But Iended upworking late.Then friendscalled with a dinnerinvitation.I stuckthe chickenin thefreezer.But asdays passed,the arugulawent bad.Even worse,I hadunthinkingly boughtway toomuch;I couldhave madesix saladswith whatI threwout.In aworld wherenearly800million peoplea yeargo hungry,food wastegoes againstthe moralgrain Jas ElizabethRoyte writesin thismonths coverstory.It^jaw-dropping howmuch perfectlygood foodis thrownaway-from“ugly”（but quiteeatable）vegetables rejectedby grocersto largeamounts ofuneaten dishesthrown intorestaurant garbagecans.Producing foodthat noone eatswastes thewater,fuel,and otherresources usedto growit.That makesfood wastean environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste werea country,it wouldbe thethird largestproducer ofgreenhouse gasesin theworld.”If thatshard tounderstand,lets keepit assimple asthe arugulaat theback ofmy refrigerator.Mike Curtinsees myarugula storyall thetime―but forhim,its morelike12bones ofdonated strawberriesnearing theirlast days.Curtin isCEO ofDC CentralKitchen inWashington,D.C.,which recoversfood andturns itinto healthymeals.Last yearit recoveredmore than807,500pounds of food bytaking donationsand collectingblemished（有瑕疵的）produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And thestrawberries Volunteerswill wash,cut,and freezeor drythem foruse inmeals downthe road.Such methodsseem obvious,yet sooften wejust dontthink.Everyone canplay apart inreducing waste,whether bynot purchasingmore foodthan necessaryin yourweekly shoppingor byasking restaurantsto notinclude theside dishyou wonteat JCurtin says.

5.What isa consequenceoffood waste accordingto thetest A.Moral decline.B.Environmental harm.C.Energy shortage.D.Worldwide starvation.【题干定位】关键词a consequenceoffood waste【文章定位】（第三段）Producing foodthat noone eatswastes thewater,fuel,and otherresources usedto growit.That makesfood wastean environmentalproblem.【相同关键词】foodwaste［答案定位】foodwasteis an environmentalproblem【正确选项】B.Environmental harm

6.What doesCurtins companydo A.It produceskitchen equipment.B.It turnsrotten arugulainto cleanfuel.C.It helpslocal farmersgrow fruits.D.It makesmeals outof unwantedfood.【题干定位】关键词Curtins companydo【文章定位】（第四段）Curtin isCEO ofDC CentralKitchen inWashington,D.C.,which recoversfood andturns itinto healthymeals.【相同关键词】do---recover,turn Curtin---Curtin［答案定位】D.It makesmeals outof unwantedfood.

7.What doesCurtin suggestpeople doA.Buy only what is needed.B.Reduce foodconsumption.C.Go shoppingonce aweek.D.Eat inrestaurants lessoften.【题干定位】Curtin suggestpeople do【文章定位】（第五段）Everyone canplay apart inreducing waste,whether bynot purchasingmore foodthan necessaryin yourweekly shoppingor byasking restaurantsto notinclude theside dishyou wonteat,“Curtin says.【相同关键词］suggest-says Buy onlywhat isneeded--------not purchasingmore foodthan necessary（同义句）［答案定位】A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.【答案】

5.B

6.D

7.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力

5.B细节理解题根据文章第三段中的Producing foodthat noone eatswastes thewater,fuel,and other,resources usedto growit.That makesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.In fact,Royte writes,if foodwaste werea countiyit wouldbe thethird largestproducer ofgreenhouse gasesin theworld.（生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国可知，根据文中的说法，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害故选B

6.D细节理解题根据文章倒数第二段中的“Curtin isCEO ofDC CentralKitchen inWashington.DC,which recoversfood andturns itinto healthymeals.Last yearit recoveredmore than807,500pounds offood bytaking donationsand collectingblemished（有壬段疵的）produce,thatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.And thestrawberries Volunteerswill wash,cut,and freezeor drythem foruse inmeals downthe road.（科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用厂可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物故选Do

7.A细节理解题根据最后一段中的“Everyone canplay apart inreducing waste,whether bynot purchasingmore foodthan necessaryin yourweekly shoppingor byasking restaurantsto notinclude theside dishyou wonteat JCurtin says.（“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，“科廷说）“可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物故选Ao规律方法如何解决事实细节题？做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案此类题通常用一些疑问词来提问，或是判断正误细节题的设题方式

（1）简单细节题标志5个W,1个H According to the passage,when/where/what/who/why/how（many）....例如When/Where did the storyhappen Whatdid the author thinkabout aftergetting upWho isLucy accordingto thepassage Why didthe author bringback homean oldmilk boxHow longdoes ittake thebattery tocharge upan iPhone

（2）文段篇章细节题Which ofthe followingis（not）true/false accordingto thepassage From thepassage,we canlearn that.Accordingtopassage,we knowthat.

（3）排序题Choose theright timeorder ofthe followingevents in...

1.判断关键词

（1）识记关键词类别,主要分为以下类别a.大写字母开头的词（人名、地名、专有名词等），数字（时间、英文时间），形容词副词（比较级、最高级），动词，名词b.若题干中没有细节信息，如“What canyou learnfi*omthepassage”无法找到定位词，就从选项中寻找定位词，方法一致

（2）划出关键词如

1.Why didDr.Minor refuseto visitOxford大写字母开头的词（人名、地名）

2.The TVads ofSparrow.大写字母开头的词（专有名词、人名）

3.From Paragraph2we canlearn that.数字

4.Why isJune6,1990a specialday forMommy数字（时间），大写字母开头的词

5.The writermentions thetwo nineteenth-century cottagesto showthat.数字（英文时间）

6.We canlearn from the lastparagraph that.形容词

7.We learnfromthetext thatin

2008.数字（时间）

8.At theage ofthirteen,theauthorregarded keepinga diaryas away of.数字（英文时间）

9.What wasa newuse forwind powerin thnlate19th century形容词，数字（时间）

10.While theBowleu familywas livingin the1900house,.大写字母开头的词（人名），数字（时间）

2.关键词回文定位即把选项内容和原文内容进行对比分析，判断是否符合相关句的意义或在原文中提到过，然后进行排队解答方法演练:【2022年新高考全国n卷】B Wejournalists livein anew ageof storytelling,with manynew multimediatools.Many youngpeople donteven realizeits new.For them,its justnormal.This hithomi forme as I wassitting withmy2-year-old grandsonon asofa overthe SpringFestival holiday.I hadbrought achildrens bookto read.It hadsimple wordsand colorful pictures―a perfectmatch forhis age.Picture this:my grandsonsitting onmy lapasIhold thebook in front sohe cansee thepictures.As Iread,he reachesout andpokes（戳）the pagewith hisfinger.Whats upwith thatHe justlikes thepictures,I thought.Then Iturned the page andcontinued.He pokedthepageeven harder.I nearlydropped thebook.I wasconfused:Is theresomething wrongwith thiskid ThenI realizedwhat washappening.He wasactually astranger tobooks.His fatherfrequently amusedthe boywith a tablet computerwhich wasloaded withcolorful picturesthat comealive whenyou poke them.He thoughtmy storybookwas likethat.Sorry,kid.This bookis notpart ofyour high-tech world.Ifs anoutdated,lifeless thing.An antique,like yourgrandfather.Well,I maybe old,but Imnot hopelesslychallenged,digitally speaking.I editvideo andproduce audio.I usemobile payment.Tve evenbuilt websites.Theres onenotable gapin mynew-media experience,however:Fve spentlittle timein frontof acamera,since Ihave aface madefbr radio.But thatdidnt stopChina Dailyfrom askingme lastweek toshare apersonal storyfor a video projectabout theintegration ofBeijing,Tianjin andHebei province.Anyway,grandpa isnow aninternet star-two minutesof fame!I promisenot tolet itgo tomy head.But Iwill makesure my2-year-old grandsonsees iton histablet.

5.Whydidthe kidpokethestorybook A.He tookit foratablet computer.

8.He dislikedthe colorfulpictures.C?He wasangry withhis grandpa.D.He wantedto readit byhimself.

6.What doestheauthorthink ofhimself A.Socially ambitious.B.Physically attractive.C.Financially independent.D.Digitally competent.

7.What canwe learnabout theauthor asa journalistA.He lacksexperience inhis job.B.He seldomappears ontelevision.C?He managesavideodepartment.D.He ofteninterviews internetstars.【答案】

5.A

6.D

7.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书

5.细节理解题根据第五段中“He wasactually astranger tobooks.His fatherfrequently amusedthe boywithatabletcomputerwhich wasloaded withcolorfulpicturesthat comealive whenyou pokethem.He thoughtmy storybookwas likethat.（事实上，他对书本并不熟悉他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生他认为我的故事书就是那样的）”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑故选A

6.细节理解题根据倒数第三段中“Well,I maybe old,but Imnot hopelesslychallenged,digitally speaking.I editvideo andproduce audio.I usemobile payment.Tve evenbuilt websites.（我可能老了,但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战我编辑视频，制作音频我用移动支付我甚至建立了网站）”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术故选D

7.细节理解题根据倒数第二段中“Theres onenotable gapin mynew-media experience,however:Fve spentlittle timeinfrontof acamera,since Ihave aface madefor radio.（然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的厂可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视故选B。

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