Some standard content:
ICS07.040
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T39611—2020
Terms for global navigation satellite system reference station2020-12-14Issued
State Administration for Market Regulation
National Standardization Administration
2020-12-14Implementation
GB/T39611—2020
General basis
Construction management
Operation and maintenance
5 Products and services
References
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Geographic Information Standardization (SAC/TC230). GB/T39611—2020
The drafting units of this standard are: Institute of Surveying and Mapping Standardization, Ministry of Natural Resources, National Basic Geographic Information Center, Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Shandong Provincial Land Surveying and Mapping Institute, Wuhan University, and the Third Geodetic Survey Team of the Ministry of Natural Resources. The main drafters of this standard are: Duan Yihong, Zhang Kun, Zhang Peng, Zhang Haiping, Zhao Xin, Gao Shimin, Yin Xiaoqing, Wang Huanping, Wang Xiaohua, Xu Yantian, Wen Hanjiang, Li Lin, Wang Yongshang, Zhang Xi
1 Scope
Terms of satellite navigation and positioning base stations
This standard specifies the commonly used terms and definitions of satellite navigation and positioning base stations GB/T39611—2020
This standard applies to the construction, management and application of satellite navigation and positioning base stations, and can be used for the formulation of relevant standards and the preparation of technical documents. 2 General foundation
Satellite navigation and positioning reference station global navigation satellite stations satellite reference station: GNSS reference station Satellite navigation and positioning continuously operating reference station GNSS continuously operating reference station; GNSS CORS conducts long-term continuous observation of satellite navigation signals, obtains observation data, and transmits the observation data to the ground fixed observation station of the data center in real time or at a fixed time through communication facilities. 2.2
Satellite navigation and positioning reference station network GNSS reference station network is composed of several satellite navigation and positioning reference stations, data centers and data communication networks, and is used to provide data, positioning, navigation, timing, location, meteorology, earthquake and other services. 2.3 Navigation satellite system
Global navigation satellite system global navigation satellite system; GNSS is a general term for satellite systems that provide positioning, navigation and timing services worldwide. Such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), GLONASS Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), Galileo Navigation Satellite System (Galileo) and Beidou Satellite Navigation System (BDS). 2.3.2
Global Positioning SystemGlobalPositioningSystem;GPS is a global navigation satellite system developed, built and managed by the United States. It provides real-time three-dimensional position, speed and time information to users around the world, including services such as Precise Positioning Service (PPS) and Standard Positioning Service (SPS). 2.3.3
GLONASSGlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem;GLONASS is a global navigation satellite system developed, built and managed by Russia. It provides real-time three-dimensional position, speed and time information to users around the world, including services such as Standard Accuracy Channel (CSA) and High Accuracy Channel (CHA). 2.3.4
GalileoNavigationSatelliteSystemGalileo is a global navigation satellite system developed, built and managed by the European Union. It provides real-time three-dimensional position, speed and time information to users around the world, including services such as open, commercial, life safety, public authorization and search and rescue support. 2.3.5
BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
BeiDou Navigation Satellite System;BDs is a global navigation satellite system developed, built and managed by China. It provides users with real-time three-dimensional position, speed and time information, including GB/T39611-2020
public, authorized and short message communication services. 2.3.6
satellite-based augmentation system
satellite-based augmentation system;SBAS is a satellite navigation augmentation system that uses a certain number of base stations to observe and process within a range of several kilometers to obtain wide-area differential corrections and integrity information of the navigation satellite system and broadcasts services to users through geostationary orbit satellites and other means. Generally, navigation signals are broadcast simultaneously through geostationary orbit satellites.
Ground-based augmentation system
ground-basedaugmentationsystem;GBAS is a satellite navigation augmentation system that uses a certain number of base stations to observe and process within tens of kilometers to obtain local differential corrections and integrity information of the navigation satellite system, and broadcasts services to users through ground-based wireless communication links. Generally, ground-based pseudo-satellites can be added to broadcast navigation signals.
Wide area augmentation systemwideareaaugmentation system;WAAS is a system composed of several base stations with known locations, central stations, geosynchronous satellites and user receivers with differential processing functions to improve the positioning accuracy of satellite navigation systems and enhance the ground-based integrity monitoring capabilities. Note: Rewrite the terminology of surveying and mapping (third edition), definition 02.378. 2.3.9
Local area augmentation system
local areaaugmentationsystem;;LAAS is a system in which differential correction values are provided by base stations and transmitted to user receivers with differential processing functions through radio data communication links to improve the positioning accuracy of satellite navigation systems.
Note: Rewrite the terminology of surveying and mapping (third edition), definition 02.391. 2.4 Space-time reference
Time systemtimesystem
A reference system composed of a time starting point and a time unit. The time defined or realized by different theoretical systems and different material movements forms different time systems, such as the world time system based on the rotation of the earth and the atomic time system based on atomic transitions. 2.4.2
Time referencetimedatum
The time system and corresponding parameters used to describe the time when an event occurs, usually determined by the starting point of time and the length of seconds. 2.4.3
: International Atomic Time; TAI International Atomic Time
A time established by the International Time Bureau according to the definition of the International Second (SI) using atomic clocks and starting at 00:00 on January 1, 1958 Universal Time
［GB/T17159—2009, definition 6.6]
f universal time;UT
World Time
Mean solar time starting at midnight on the prime meridian of the Greenwich Mean Observatory. [GB/T17159—2009, definition 6.4]
Coordinated Universal Time
coordinateduniversaltime;UTC is based on the International Second (SI) and uses the method of positive and negative national seconds to keep the difference with the world time within one second. UTC (US2
GB/T39611—2020
NO) is the Coordinated Universal Time of the United States Naval Observatory in Washington. UTC (SU) is the Coordinated Universal Time of Moscow, the former Soviet Union. UTC (NTSC) is China Coordinated Universal Time maintained by the National Time Service Center of the Academy of Sciences. 2.4.6
GPS timeGPStime;GPST
The time system established and maintained by the US Global Positioning System, using the continuous time without leap seconds in the International System of Units seconds. The starting epoch of GPST is 00:00:00 UTC on January 6, 1980. It is traced back to UTC (USNO). GPST is expressed in week counts and seconds within the week. 2.4.7
GLONASStime;GLONASSTThe time system established and maintained by the Russian GLONASS system, based on atomic time and synchronized to UTC (SU). GLONASST is a discontinuous time system that periodically introduces leap seconds. 2.4.8
Galileo time Galileosystemtime: GST is the time system established and maintained by the Galileo system of the European Union, using the continuous time without leap seconds in the international system of seconds. The starting epoch of GST is 00:00:00 UTC on August 22, 1999. GST uses week numbers and seconds in the week to express it, and the time service provider traces it back to TAI.
Beidou time BDStime;BDT
The time system established and maintained by the Beidou satellite navigation system of China, using the continuous time without leap seconds in the international system of seconds. The starting epoch of BDT is 00:00:00 UTC on January 1, 2006, and it is linked to UTC through UTC (NTSC). BDT uses week numbers and seconds in the week to express it.
Coordinate datumcoordinatedatum
Space datumspacedatum
The definition of the coordinate system used to describe the position of a spatial point and its corresponding parameters, usually including the origin, axis and scale, as well as other physical parameters.
International Terrestrial Reference Systeminternationalterrestrialreferencesystem;ITRSThe definition of the earth coordinate system and geodetic parameters given by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS). 2.4.12
International Terrestrial Reference Frameinternationalterrestrialreferenceframe;ITRFThe implementation of the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) is a set of ground point coordinates determined by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) based on space geodetic techniques, including very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), satellite laser ranging (SLR), Doppler positioning and orbit determination system (DORIS), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), etc. 2.4.13
International GNSS service; IGS is an international organization spontaneously organized by universities and research institutions in many countries related to GNSS application research: it can provide a variety of high-precision GNSS data products to the world (including GNNS satellite ephemeris, earth rotation parameters, global observation station coordinates and speeds that maintain the IGS reference frame, GNSS satellite and tracking station clock error information, tropospheric zenith direction delay and ionosphere information, etc.), and provide observation data of hundreds of GPS continuous observation stations around the world and various data formats. 2.4.14
China Ge0deticCo0rdinateSystem2000; CGCS2000 is a right-handed earth-fixed rectangular coordinate system with the origin at the center of the earth. The Z axis is the reference pole direction defined by the International Earth Rotation Bureau (IERS), the X axis is the intersection of the reference meridian plane defined by the International Earth Rotation Bureau and the equatorial plane perpendicular to the Z axis, and the Y axis, the B axis and the X axis form a right-handed orthogonal coordinate system. The major radius of the Earth's normal ellipsoid is 6378137m, the gravitational constant is 3.986004418×1014m3·s-2, the flattening is 1/298.257222101, and the angular velocity of the Earth's rotation is 7.292115×10-rad·s-1. [GB/T17159—2009. Definition 3.80]
1984 World Geodetic System1984; WGS-84 Global Geodetic Coordinate System adopted by the US Global Positioning System. The origin of its coordinate system is at the center of mass of the Earth, the Z axis points to the direction of the agreed Earth Pole (CTP) defined by (International Time Bureau) BIH1984.0, the X axis points to the intersection of the zero meridian plane of BIH1984.0 and the CTP equator, and the Y axis satisfies the right-hand rule. The major radius of the Earth's normal ellipsoid is 6378137m, the gravitational constant is 3.986004418×1014m2·s-2, and the flattening is 1/298.257223563. The angular velocity of the Earth's rotation is 7.292115×10-5rad·s-1. 2.4.16
PZ-90 Geodetic System PZ-90 Geodetic System is the global geodetic coordinate system adopted by Russia's GLONASS. The origin of the coordinate system is located at the center of mass of the Earth, the Z axis points to the direction of the agreed Earth Pole (CTP) defined by (International Time Bureau) BIH1984.0, the X axis points to the intersection of the zero meridian plane of BIH1984.0 and the CTP equator, and the Y axis satisfies the right-hand rule. The major radius of the Earth's normal ellipsoid is 6378137m, the gravitational constant is 3.986004418×10lm2·s-2, and the flattening is 1/298.257839303. The angular velocity of the Earth's rotation is 7.292115×10-5rad·sl. 2.4.17
GalileoTerrestrialReferenceFrame; GTRF is the geodetic coordinate system used by the Galileo system. The origin of the coordinate system is located at the center of mass of the Earth, the Z axis points to the direction of the agreed Earth Pole (CTP) defined by (International Time Bureau) BIH1984.0, the X axis points to the intersection of the zero meridian plane of BIH1984.0 and the CTP equator, and the Y axis satisfies the right-hand rule. bzxZ.net
3 Construction Management
3.1 Reference Station Network Facilities
Reference Station Monument is an observation facility used to install GNSS antennas and other equipment. It consists of a pier, antenna connection devices, and cable pipes, and can be divided into bedrock type, soil type, and roof type.
Reference Station Informationreferencestationinformation includes the reference station name, point number, category, level, map sheet, approximate location of the station accurate to the minute, location, station construction date, receiver model, archived observation data volume, selected point burial stone, and entrusted custodian unit. 3.1.3
Data Centerdatacenter
It consists of servers, network equipment, professional software systems, and computer rooms, and has functions such as data management, data processing and analysis, and product services. It is used to collect, store, process, analyze, and distribute reference station data to form products and provide services. 3.1.4
Data communication networkdatacommunicationnetwork is composed of a dedicated communication network, which is used to realize data exchange between base stations and data centers, data centers and users, and complete tasks such as data transmission and data product distribution.
Load balancingloadbalance;loadbalancingGB/T39611—2020
A server set is composed of multiple servers in a symmetrical manner. Through load sharing technology, the requests sent from the outside are evenly distributed to a server in the symmetrical structure, and the server that receives the request independently responds to the client's request3.1.6
GNSS antenna
GNSSantenna
A receiving device for global navigation satellite signals. 3.1.7
Antenna phase centerantennaphasecenterAn electrical center of the antenna, which refers to the center of curvature of the curve where the equiphase plane of the antenna's far-field radiation field intersects the plane passing through the antenna axis. Generally refers to the average phase center.
antenna reference point;ARP
Antenna reference point
A measurable point specified on the antenna, generally defined as the intersection of the antenna bottom mounting surface and the central axis, usually specified by the manufacturer.
GNSS receiverGNSSreceiver
A receiving device that receives global navigation satellite signals and processes and locates the signals. 3.1.10
GNSS receiver cold startGNSSreceivercoldstartThe process from powering on to normal positioning of a GNSS receiver when the ephemeris, almanac, approximate time and approximate position are unknown. 3.1.11
GNSS receiver warm start
GNsSreceiverwarmstart
The process from powering on to normal positioning of a GNSS receiver when the ephemeris, almanac, approximate time and approximate position are known.
GNSS receiver hot startGNSSreceiverhotstartThe process from powering on to normal positioning of a GNSS receiver when the ephemeris, almanac, approximate time and approximate position are known. 3.1.13
Meteorological observation equipment meteorological observation metern Equipment to measure, observe and record the characteristics of the earth's atmosphere and atmospheric phenomena such as temperature, humidity, and air pressure 3.1.14
Uninterrupted power supply uninterrupted power supply: UPS When the normal AC power supply is interrupted, the power supply equipment that converts the DC output of the battery into AC continuous power supply. 3.1.15
Lightning protection system lightning protection system; LPS System to reduce the damage caused by lightning to buildings, devices and other protection targets. 3.1.16
Air-termination system
Metal objects and metal structures that directly receive or withstand lightning strikes, such as: lightning rods, lightning strips (wires), lightning nets, etc. 5
GB/T39611—2020
Lightning protector lightning protector
Equipment that uses modern electricity and other technologies to prevent being struck by lightning. Also known as lightning arrester, surge protector, surge protector, overvoltage protector, etc.
video surveillance system
Video surveillance system
Camera, transmit, control, operate, display, record, and store the video image information of the base station to monitor the base station. 3.2
Integrity monitoring integrity monitoring When the satellite navigation system is running, it monitors the operating status of the navigation system in real time. When any failure occurs in the navigation system or the error exceeds the limit: it cannot meet the requirements, the system can issue an alarm to the manager and user in time. 3.2.2
Test terminal testterminal
The test terminal includes physical terminal and virtual terminal. Physical terminal refers to hardware equipment such as GNSS receiver, and virtual terminal refers to software with functions such as simulated data reception, broadcasting and decoding. 3.2.3
Physical test terminal physicaltestterminal is a physical GNSS receiver and other hardware equipment used for functional and performance testing of the base station network. 3.2.4
Virtual test terminalvirtual testterminalSoftware with functions such as simulated data reception, broadcasting and decoding. 3.2.5
System time availability
system time availability
In a period of time, the percentage of time that the system can provide effective navigation and positioning services to users in the total time. 3.2.6
user time availability
User time availability
In a period of time, the percentage of time that users obtain system navigation and positioning services and effectively locate in the total time. 3.2.7
Space availability
scope of spaceavailability
The percentage of the area where users obtain system navigation and positioning services and effectively locate in the total coverage area of the system. 3.3Security
Security isolation network gateGAP
A software and hardware system used to achieve security isolation between networks with different security levels and provide moderately controllable data exchange. 3.3.2
Synchronous digital hierarchy; SDH is a digital communication system that transmits synchronous signals on transmission media (such as optical fiber, microwave, etc.). 6
SDH dedicated lines synchronous digital hierarchy lines are dedicated communication lines based on SDH, also known as point-to-point dedicated lines. 3.3.4
Virtual private network virtual private network; VPN GB/T39611—2020
The technology of establishing a private network on a public network. The connection between any two nodes of the entire VPN network does not have the end-to-end physical link required by the traditional private network, but is a logical network built on the network platform provided by the public network service provider, such as the Internet, ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), Frame Relay, etc. User data is transmitted in the logical link. Operation and maintenance
4.1 Data acquisition and processing
rawdata
Raw data
Satellite data received by the GNSS receiver without any processing and conversion. 4.1.2
RINEX data format receiverindependentexchangedataformat-a standard data format commonly used in GNSS measurement applications. This format uses text files to store data, and the data recording format has nothing to do with the manufacturer and specific model of the receiver. 4.1.3
RTCM data formatradiotechnicalcommissionformaritimeservicesdataformatThe message format established by the International Maritime Radio Technical Commission. 4.1.4
Data availability ratedataavailabilityrateThe ratio of valid epoch data to the total observed epochs within a certain observation period. 4.1.5
Bit error ratebiterrorrate
The ratio of the number of erroneous code elements to the total number of transmitted code elements. 4.1.6
Data packet loss ratedatapacketlossrateThe ratio of data lost during the transmission from the base station to the data center or from the user to the data center to the total data. 4.1.7
Elevation cut-offElevationMask; elevationcut-offThe lowest angle for accepting satellite data that can be used to observe satellite data. 4.1.8
Baseline solutionbaselinesolution
Baseline vector solutionbaselinevectorsolutiorThe process of solving the coordinate difference between two synchronously observed stations4.1.9
GNSS comprehensive adjustment
combination of GNSS adjustmentThe method of using the GNSS baseline solution results and the comprehensive adjustment method to obtain the coordinates of each station in the GNSS network and its accuracy. GB/T39611—2020
fixedsolution
Fixed solution
The coordinate value obtained when the integer ambiguity of the satellite carrier phase observation value is fixed to an integer. 4.1.11
floatsolution
Floating point solution
The coordinate value obtained when the integer ambiguity of the satellite carrier phase observation value is not fixed to an integer. 4.1.12
Single point solution
singlepointsolution
The coordinate value obtained by satellite pseudorange single point positioning 4.1.13
Difference solution
The differential positioning coordinates calculated and published in real time through synchronous observation of the base station network and the mobile station. 4.2
networked transport ofRTCMvia internetprotocolNTRIP protocol
An Internet RTCM data transmission protocol used to transmit GNSS data streams and differential data information through a dedicated communication network. 4.3
NMEA0183 protocol
national marine electronics association 0183 electrical and data standard protocol, used for data communication between different marine electronic equipment (such as sonar, echo sounder and GNSS receiver, etc.).
mountpoint
source node
mount point
network node that acts as a source to send original data packets Note: When providing base station services through the NTRIP protocol, the source node is used to identify the source, calculation method or format of the service data so that users can accurately select services.
Service software initialization
service software initializationAfter the base station network service software is started, the process from obtaining base station data, networking and solving to providing effective services. 4.6
fault tolerance
the ability of the system to quickly recover and continue to provide effective services when station data is interrupted, information suddenly changes, network communication is abnormal, etc. occurs. 4.7
thenumberofconcurrentusers
Numberofconcurrentusers
Thenumberofusersaccessingthebasestationnetworkserveratthesametimeandinteractingdataanddata. 5ProductsandServices
5.1Products
preciseephemeris
Preciseephemeris
Precise orbit information of navigation satellitesdeterminedbypost-processingtheobservationdataoftheglobalorregionalsatellitenavigationbasestationnetwork.Generallydividedintoultra-rapideephemeris,rapidephemerisandfinalpreciseephemerisproducts8
Timeseries
timeseries
Aseriesofvaluesofthesamequantity(statisticalindicator)arrangedintheorderofthetimeinwhichtheyoccur. 5.1.3
Satelliteclockbias
Satelliteclockbias
Thedifferencebetweentheclocktimeofthesatelliteandthesystemtimeofthenavigationsatellitesystem. 5.1.4
5velocityfield
Velocityfield
The spatial distribution of the displacement velocity vectors of all reference stations in a certain area at the same time5.1.5
Troposphericstaticdelay
troposphericstaticdelay
DrycomponentofthetroposphericdelayThe part of the tropospheric delay that is only related to the temperature and pressure of the atmosphere5.1.6
troposphericwetdelay
wetcomponentofthetroposphericdelayThe delay caused by the influence of polarized water vapor molecules on the refractive index of the atmosphere. 5.1.7
TotalionosphericElectronContent:TECThe total amount of electrons contained in a column with a cross-section of 1m2 on the signal propagation path. Note: The unit is TECu, 1TECu represents 101 electrons/m5.1.8
Earth orientation parameterearth orientation parameter represents the parameter of the orientation of the earth reference system relative to the celestial reference system [Surveying and Cartography Terms, Definition 02.248]]
Earth rotation parameterearth rotation parameterERP represents the parameter of the earth's rotation rate, rotation axis direction and change [Surveying and Cartography Terms, Definition 02.106]
5.2 Service
Location based service location based service; LBS obtains time and space information based on satellite navigation or other means, and provides users with location-related services. 5.2.2
real-time service
Real-time service
Data service with a time delay of less than 6s. GB/T285882012. Definition 3.7
rapid service
Data service with a time delay of less than 12h. [GB/T28588—2012. Definition 3.8]
GB/T39611—2020
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