Some standard content:
GB18428-2001
Chapter 4, Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 of this standard are mandatory, and the rest are recommended. This standard is formulated based on ISO6182.1:1993 "Technical requirements and test methods for water sprinklers" and GR5135-1993 "Technical requirements and test methods for water sprinklers in automatic fire extinguishing systems", aiming at the use of glass bulbs in automatic fire extinguishing systems. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Second Sub-Technical Committee of the National Technical Committee for the Promotion of Fire Standards. This standard was drafted by the Tianjin Fire Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security. The main drafters of this standard are Yuan Junrong, Zhang Shaoyu and Jiao Fengying. 1 Scopebzxz.net
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Glass bulbs used for automatic fire extinguishing systems
Glass bulbs used for automatic fire extinguishing systems This standard specifies the performance requirements, test methods and inspection rules for glass bulbs used in automatic fire extinguishing systems. GB 18428-- 2001
This standard applies to glass bulbs for automatic fire extinguishing systems, and temperature-sensitive glass bulbs for other fire-fighting devices may also be used as a reference. 2 Referenced Standards
The texts contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard by being cited in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid, and all standards will be revised. All parties using this standard should discuss the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. GB/I2828-1987 Batch inspection set counting sampling procedure and sampling table (applicable to the inspection of subsequent batches) GB/T2829--1987 Periodic inspection counting sampling procedure and sampling table (applicable to the inspection of the stability of the production process) 3 Definitions
The technical standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Static aperating temperature static aperating temperature The temperature of the glass ball when it is actuated in a liquid bath at a certain heating rate, in units of death. 3.2 Response time constant Riresponse time index is a measure of the sensitivity of the glass ball.
Expression: RTI=tu:
Where: RTI-—response time constant. (m·s)C\;1—thermal reaction time, s:
u——gas flow rate. m/s.
3.3 Fast response glass bulb fastresponseglassbulb A glass bulb with a response time constant (RTI) less than or equal to 50 (m*s)°5. 3.4 Special response glass bulbspecial Response glass bulb response time constant (RT) greater than 5t) (m·s)\\ and less than or equal to 80 (m·s)\ glass bulb, 3.5 standard response glass bulb standardresponseglassbulb response time constant (RT) greater than 80 () 5 months less than or equal to 350 (m*8 glass bulb. 4 Requirements
4.1 Appearance and size
4.1.1 The outer surface of the glass bulb shall not be damaged, and there shall be no bubbles inside the glass. The size of the bubbles in the glass bulb shall be uniform. 4.1.2 The error of the nominal diameter of the glass bulb shall not be greater than ±0.1mm; the error of the nominal length of the glass bulb shall not be greater than +0.5mm. 4.1.3 The cylindrical shape of the glass bulb. 1. The product model specification and the manufacturer's logo or trademark shall be firmly marked. 4.1.4 The nominal operating temperature and working The liquid color scale shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. Approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China on September 6, 2001 - TTTKAoNiKAca -
Implementation on February 1, 2002
Nominal operating temperature/C
Working liquid color scale
4.2 Static operating temperature
GB18428-
Working liquid color scale for glass balls
The static operating temperature of glass balls shall comply with the provisions of Table 2. 93
Table 2 Static operating temperature of glass balls
Glass balls
Nominal operating temperature
4.3 Fatigue strength
Action temperature
80% of the samples shall be operated before
the following temperatures
Action degree
According to 5. 3 During the fatigue test, the glass ball shall not have any damage. After the test, a static action temperature test shall be carried out and shall comply with the provisions of 4.2.
4.4 Thermal shock resistance
During the thermal shock test according to 5.4, the glass ball shall not have any damage. After the test, a static action temperature test shall be carried out and shall comply with the provisions of 4.2.
4.5 Crushing load
The average crushing load and the lower limit of the crushing load error (TL) of the glass ball shall be proposed by the manufacturer. Note: The lower limit of the crushing load error (TI.) shall not be lower than FC% of the average crushing load. The average crushing load and the lower limit of the crushing load error (TL) measured by the test according to 5.5 shall not be lower than the published value of the manufacturer. The calculation of the crushing load error is carried out according to the normal distribution. The confidence coefficient of the 99 normal distribution of all glass balls is 0.99. 4.6 Low temperature resistance
4.6.1 During the low temperature test according to 5.6, the glass ball shall not have any damage. 4.6.2 The glass ball shall be able to withstand: -40°C ± 2°C, 24 h low temperature storage test, and shall not be damaged. The static operating temperature of the glass ball after the test shall comply with the provisions of 4.2.
4.7 Adaptability of ambient temperature
The glass ball shall be tested for 90 days in an environment 16°C ± [°C lower than the nominal operating temperature, but not lower than 49°C, and shall not be damaged. The static operating temperature of the glass ball after the test shall comply with the provisions of 1.2. 4.8 Dynamic response performance (sensitivity) The response level of the glass ball is provided by the manufacturer. When the standard, special and fast response glass balls are tested according to 5.0, the response time constant (RTI) of the fast response glass ball should be less than or equal to 50 (r·9)05, the response time constant (KTl) of the special response glass ball should be greater than 50 (m·s)s and less than or equal to 80 (m·s). The response time constant (RTI) of the standard response glass ball should be greater than 80 (m*:)\ and less than or equal to 350 (ms)n5. For fast and standard GB 18428 —2001
For standard response glass balls, all data of the maximum and minimum RTI should be within the specified numerical range: For special response glass balls, the average RTI value should be between 50 (m·s) and 80 (m·s)0, and any value should not be less than 40 (s)\ or greater than 100 (ms)05. 4.9 Function
When performing the functional test according to 5.10, the glass ball should explode within 3m1m-1l, and the length of the fragments should not exceed 75% of the nominal length of the glass ball. 4.10 Light fading
When performing the light fading test according to 5.11, the color scale of the working fluid of the glass ball should not change significantly. 4. 11 Residual color
Perform the residual color test in accordance with 5.12. After the filling liquid in the glass ball evaporates, no color shall remain on the inner wall of the glass ball. 5 Test method
5.1 Check the appearance, size and markings of the glass ball against the technical documents. They shall comply with the provisions of 4.1. 5.2 Static action temperature test
The test environment temperature shall be (20 ± 5) °C, and the test shall be carried out in a liquid bath. For glass balls with a nominal action temperature not exceeding 79°C, use a water bath (distilled water); for glass balls with a nominal action temperature above 79°C, use an oil bath (oil suitable for the nominal action temperature). The liquid bath temperature shall be uniform, and the test The temperature deviation in the zone shall not exceed 0.5, and the temperature measurement shall be carried out using a standard glass thermometer of not less than level 2. Place 50 glass ball samples in a liquid bath and heat them from room temperature to below the nominal operating temperature (20-2)°C at a rate of less than 20°C/min. After holding for 10 minutes, heat at a rate of 0.4-0.7°C:/min until all samples operate. The results shall comply with the provisions of 4.2. If one glass ball does not meet the requirements during the test, double the number of samples shall be drawn and retested. All samples shall comply with the provisions of 4.2,
5.3 Fatigue strength test
The test environment temperature shall be (2 0±5)℃, the test is carried out in liquid solution. For glass balls with a nominal operating temperature not exceeding 79℃, a water bath (distilled water) is used. For glass balls with a nominal operating temperature above 79℃, an oil bath (oil suitable for the nominal operating temperature) is used. The sample is placed in a test container and the temperature is raised from room temperature to below the nominal operating temperature (20±1)℃ at a rate of less than 20℃/min, and then gradually raised at a rate of 1℃/min until the bubbles in the glass ball disappear or the temperature is 5℃ below the nominal operating temperature. The sample is immediately removed from the liquid bath, with the tip of the glass ball seal facing downward, and cooled naturally in the air until the bubbles inside the glass ball reappear. Repeat the above test 8 times for each sample, and the test results should meet the requirements of 4.3. 5.4 Thermal shock test
The test is carried out in a liquid bath. Before the test begins, the glass ball should be in an ambient temperature of (20 + 5) for no less than 2 hours. During the test, immerse the glass ball in a liquid bath with a temperature lower than the nominal operating temperature of (10 ± 2) °C, keep it for 5 minutes, then take it out, make the sealed tip of the glass ball face down, and immediately immerse it in (10 ± 1) °C water. The test results should meet the requirements of 4.4: 5.5 Broken load test
Fix the glass ball between the supporting elements in an appropriate manner. The supporting elements are provided by the glass ball manufacturer. Apply load uniformly along the longitudinal axis of the glass ball until the glass ball explodes. The rate of load increase shall not exceed 275N/s. The maximum deviation of the equipment used to measure the crushing load shall not exceed ±1% of the measured value. At least 25 samples shall be taken for this test. The manufacturer may require the use of more samples for the test to obtain accurate measurement results.
Use the measured data to calculate the average value and standard deviation of the crushing load and the lower limit of the crushing load error. The standard deviation (S) is determined according to formula (1).
C(5, -3)8/(n - 1)]
Wherein, S——standard deviation, N,
t-—crushing load flat groove value, N:
2.—crushing load value measured each time, N:-irKAoNiKAca=
Number of specimens.
GB18428-—2001
The lower limit of the error of the crushed load is calculated according to formula (2), and the value is selected from Table 3 according to the number of specimens. TL--KS
Wu Zhong: TL
-Lower limit of crushing load error, N;
Average value of crushing load, N;
K--K value selected from Table 3:
According to the standard deviation obtained by formula (1), the calculation result should comply with the provisions of 4.5,
Table 3 Unilateral error limit K value under normal distribution K
5.6 Low temperature test
(2)
Install the glass ball on the test frame, and its stress state should be the same as when the glass ball is used. Place the glass ball and the test frame in a low temperature test box with a temperature of -10℃±2℃ for 24 hours. The result should comply with the provisions of 4.6.1. 5.7 Low temperature storage test
Put the samples in the low temperature test box according to the factory packaging of the products, and keep the temperature in the box at -40℃±5℃ for 24h. The test results shall comply with the provisions of 4.6.2. After the test, it shall also pass the static action temperature test. 5.8 Ambient temperature test
Install the glass ball on the test frame. Its stress state is the same as the glass ball in use. The control accuracy of the temperature in the test box shall comply with the provisions of Table 4.
Put the glass ball in the test box, and keep the temperature in the box 11℃ lower than the nominal action temperature, but not lower than 49℃. Take out the samples for inspection every 7d. The whole test lasts for 90d. The test results shall comply with the provisions of 4.7. After this test, the glass ball shall also pass the static action temperature test.
Table 4 Temperature control accuracy of test chamber
Temperature range in test chamber
100℃
100~2000
200~350℃
5.9 Dynamic response test
5.9.1 The test is carried out in the wind tunnel test device (see Figure 1). Accuracy requirements
±2℃
±5℃
The glass ball specimen assembled on the special fixture is called an assembly. The special fixture is shown in Figure 2. The assembly torque of the glass ball is 0.20N, m±0.03N·m. In the following tests, the direction of the airflow in the wind tunnel test section should be perpendicular to the axis of the glass ball and the plane where the two arms of the special fixture are located. The assembly should be installed on a brass fixture, which should ensure that the source rise during the test period of 55 days does not exceed 2°C in each independent test (the temperature rise of the fixture is measured by a thermocouple placed in the water at the center of the fixture. The measuring point is located in the base, no more than 8mm radially outward from the root of the internal thread). In each independent test, if the response time exceeds 555, the temperature rise value of the fixture shall not exceed 0.036 times the response time (s). Differential pressure rate pressure point
National simple filter air duct
Plate comb meter
Heating chamber
Circular simple air duct
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of wind tunnel device flow
Figure 2 Fixture assembly diagram
Rectangular test section
Differential pressure point
Wrap 1 to 1.5 turns of polytetrafluoroethylene tape on the thread of the component interface, and tighten the torque of the fixed seat to 15N·m+3N·m. Install each component on the cover of the wind-wetting test section and place it in a constant temperature box with a temperature of 20℃ ± 5℃ for no less than 30min. Before the test, no less than 25mT. of water reaching 20℃ ± 5℃ should be introduced into the component inlet, and a water pressure of 0.05MPa should be connected to its inlet during the test. Use a timing device with an accuracy of 0.01s to measure the time from the insertion of the component into the wind tunnel to its action, that is, the response time t. iiikAoNikAca=
GR 184282001
During the test, the airflow and temperature of the wind-wetted test section (assembly location) are selected according to Table 5. In order to minimize the radiation exchange between the components and the wind tunnel wall, the design should ensure that the test section can limit the radiation effect to within ±3% of the RTI calculated value. Table 5 Working conditions of test section
Air temperature range/C
Nominal working
57~-77
79~107
121--149
163--191
Standard response
Glass ball
191~203
282300
382--432
382--432
Special response
Glass ball
129141
191~203
282--300
382--432
1 The maximum expected equipment error of the wind tunnel should not exceed 3 tight. Quick response
Glass ball
129~141
191203
282~300
382~-432
Standard response
Glass ball
2. 4~ 2. 6
2. 4-~2. 6
3. 1~-3. 6
Flow rate range/(m/s)
Special response
Glass ball
2. 4~2. 6
2. 4~2. 6
2. 1--2. 6
Quick response
Glass ball
1. 65~-1. 85
1. 65~-1. 85
1. 65~-1. 85
1. 65 ~1. 85
2 The emissivity can be determined by comparing the results of tests on a blackened (high emissivity) metal specimen and a polished (low emissivity) metal specimen.
The selected air temperature should remain constant during the test section. During the entire test, when the air temperature range is 129 ~ 141 ° C, the temperature control accuracy is 3
±1 ° C; for other air temperature ranges, the temperature accuracy is ±2 ° C, and the selected air flow rate should remain constant. In the whole test process, when the flow rate is in the range of 1.65~-1.5 m/s and 2.4 +-2.6 m/s, the control accuracy is ±0.03 m/s; when the flow rate is in the range of 3.4 ~-3.6 m/s, the control accuracy is C.04 m/s. 5.9.2 Calculation of RTI value
RTI value is calculated as shown in formula (3).
— t.0 5
RTI = In[1 - ATAT,J
Where: (- is the response time of the glass ball, 5} the actual air velocity determined in the wind tunnel test section according to 5, /s; △T is the average static operating temperature of the glass ball - the ambient temperature, C; T is the actual gas temperature in the wind tunnel test section and the ambient temperature, ℃, 5. 10 Functional test
10 glass ball specimens shall be tested. (3)
During the test, the glass ball shall be installed on a fixed device (such as a nozzle) and placed in a test box with an air temperature of 450℃±50℃. The test results shall comply with the provisions of 4.9.
5.11 Light fading test
10 glass balls shall be tested in pairs. The glass ball shall be placed at a distance of 100 mm±10 mm from the fluorescent tube.The power of the lamp is 40 W, and the irradiation test is carried out for 90 days. After the test, the color change is checked by daylight, and the result should comply with the provisions of 4.10. 5.12 Residual color test
Ten glass ball samples should be tested. The glass ball is opened by appropriate means (such as breaking the tip of the glass ball), and the opening should be large enough to allow the liquid in the glass ball to evaporate. Store it in an environment of 20℃±5℃ until all the liquid in the glass ball evaporates. Visually inspect the inner wall of the glass ball. The result should meet the requirements of 4.11.
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Inspection classification
6.1.1 Factory inspection
The items of factory inspection are 4.2, 4.5 and 4.8. 6.1.2 Type inspection
GB18428 2001
6.1.2.1 The items of type inspection are all items in Chapter 4. 6.1.2.2 If any of the following circumstances occurs, the product should be subjected to type inspection. a) After formal production, if there is a major change in any of the structure, materials, and process that may affect product performance; b) During normal production, a type inspection should be carried out every three years; c) When the product is discontinued for more than one year, when production is resumed; d) Trial production and identification of the product for transfer production; e) When the national quality supervision agency proposes a type inspection requirement, 6.2 Batch
Glass balls with the same material, the same process, and continuous production are considered a batch. 6.3 Sampling
The axis of the sample shall be taken in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/I 2828 and GB/T 2829. The test procedure and sample quantity are shown in Figure 3. (20)
【10)
(20）
Note: The numbers in brackets are the number of samples, and the numbers in the boxes are the test clause numbers. Figure 3 Test procedure and sample efficiency
6.4 Judgment rules
6.4.1 Factory inspection
rKAoNiKAca=
GB 18428—2001
If all items of factory inspection are qualified, the batch of products is judged to be qualified for factory inspection. If there is one unqualified item, the batch of products is unqualified. 6.4.2 Type inspection
Glass balls of various models and specifications are inspected according to the various inspection items specified in this standard and meet the requirements of the corresponding clauses in Chapter 4. If one of 4.2, 4.5, and 4.8 is unqualified, the batch of products is judged to be unqualified. Or if one of 4.3, 4.4, 4.6, 4.7, and 4.9 is unqualified, double sampling inspection is allowed. If unqualified items are still found, the batch of products is judged to be unqualified. If one of the remaining items is unqualified, the batch of products can be judged as qualified; if two items (including two items) are unqualified, the batch of products will be judged as unqualified. 7 Instructions for use and product data sheet
7.1 Glass ball products should have a product manual, which should at least include the characteristics, uses and instructions for use of the product. 7.2 Glass ball products should have a product data sheet, which should include the following: a) Model:
b) Response level t
c) Nominal operating temperature and color code;
d) Nominal diameter:
) Nominal length:
{) Average crushing load;
g) Lower limit of crushing load error (T1.): h) Assembly drawing of glass ball support parts (at least the glass ball nominal diameter, nominal length and support diameter size, material hardness, material surface quality and installation size should be included). The lower limit of crushing load error (TIL) shall not be less than 50% of the average crushing load. 8 Packaging, storage and transportation
8.1 The samples should be packaged independently in an appropriate form, with each glass ball occupying a position. The packaging box should contain the product certificate, instruction manual and product data sheet, and the outside of the packaging box should be marked with the manufacturer, product batch number or production date, nominal operating temperature, nominal diameter, implementation standard number and fragile product mark, etc.
8.2 The product should be stored in a ventilated and dry place, and the storage temperature should be within the range of 10-~45°C. 8.3 Appropriate measures should be taken during transportation to prevent damage caused by bumps, bumps, etc.
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