Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Micro-dose X-ray security inspection equipment
Micro-dose X-ray security inspection system1 subject content and scope of application
GB 15208—94||tt| This standard specifies the technical requirements and test methods for micro-dose X-ray safety inspection equipment, and is the basic basis for the design, manufacture and acceptance of such equipment and the formulation of product standards.
This standard applies to various micro-dose X-ray safety inspection equipment. 2 Referenced Standards
GB191 Packaging, Storage and Transportation Pictorial Marks
GB2423.1 Basic Environmental Testing Procedures for Electrical and Electronic Products Test A: Low Temperature Test Method GB2423.2 Basic Environmental Testing Procedures for Electrical and Electronic Products Test B: High Temperature Test method GB2423.3 Basic Environmental Testing Procedure for Electrical and Electronic Products Test Ca: Constant Humidity and Heat Test Method GB2423.5 Basic Environmental Testing Procedure for Electrical and Electronic Products Test Ea: Impact Test Method GB2423.10 Basic Environmental Testing Procedure for Electrical and Electronic Products Test Fc: Vibration ( sine) test method Electromagnetic compatibility test specification for electronic measuring instruments Electrostatic discharge sensitivity test GB6833.31
Electromagnetic compatibility test specification for electronic measuring instruments Power supply transient sensitivity test GB6833.4
GB6833.5
Electronic measuring instrument electromagnetic compatibility test specification Radiation sensitivity test GB6833.10 Electronic measuring instrument electromagnetic compatibility test specification Radiated interference test 3 terms
3.1 X-ray security inspection system A device that makes safety judgments on the inspected object by detecting the intensity distribution or energy spectrum distribution of the X-rays passing through the inspected object. 3.2 Micro-dose X-ray security inspection system micro-dose X-ray security inspection system refers to X-ray inspection equipment whose exposure dose in a single inspection is less than 1.29×107C/kg (0.5mR). 3.3 Pulse micro-dose X-ray security inspection system pulse micro-dose X-ray security inspection system is an equipment in which the inspected object only receives a single pulse ray irradiation during the entire inspection process. 3.4-point scanning micro-dose X-ray security inspection equipment The flying spot micro-dose X-ray security inspection system uses the principle of flying spot scanning. At every moment, only one spot of the inspected object receives rays on the cross section in the vertical ray direction. Irradiation equipment.
3.5 linescan micro-doseX-ray security inspection equipment linescan micro-dose Equipment that receives radiation exposure.
3.6 Energy-resolved micro-dose X-ray safety inspection equipment multi-energy The display equipment was approved by the State Bureau of Technical Supervision on September 10, 1994 and implemented on April 01, 1995
6.45
.
4 product categories
GB 15208--94
According to the working principle of the equipment, it is divided into: pulse type, point scanning type and line scanning type: according to the emission direction of X-ray: horizontal type and vertical type; according to the display content of the device, it is divided into: energy-resolving type and non-energy-resolving type. 5 Technical Requirements
5.1 General Requirements
5.1.1 In the case of intermittent emission of 5.1.2 Equipment with a conveyor system should have continuous inspection capabilities with a large pass rate. 5.1.3 The X-ray source should be self-cooling inside the equipment. 5.1.4 Equipment should have protective grounding.
5.1.5 Working environment conditions
Ambient temperature: 5~40℃;
Relative humidity: no more than 80%;
Atmospheric pressure: 86~106kPa;| |tt||Working place: clean and dry, with no corrosive gases around. 5.1.6 The appearance of the equipment should be in good condition. The surface should be smooth and smooth, with uniform color and no obvious mechanical damage. The coating should not be blistered and damaged. The metal parts should be free of rust, and the plastic parts should be free of blistering and cracking. All adjustment and control mechanisms must be installed correctly and operate flexibly. The markings and learning traces on the panel must be clear.
5.1.7 The outer cover should be easy to install and disassemble. The frame should have sufficient strength and stiffness. The frame equipped with the high-pressure oil tank should not be deformed or damaged during normal movement. The equipment should be equipped with rollers and feet. The rollers should be flexible in rotation and the feet should be firm. 5.2 Performance indicators
5.2.1 Penetration force
should be able to penetrate steel plates not less than 6mm thick.
5.2.2 Spatial resolution
Under the air background, a single copper wire with a nominal diameter of 0.254mm (AWG30#) should be able to be resolved. 5.2.3 Grayscale resolution
Under all grayscale steps, a single copper wire with a nominal diameter of 0.404mm (AWG26#) should be able to be distinguished. 5.2.4 The exposure dose
for a single inspection should not be greater than 2.58×10-°C/kg (0.1mR). 5.2.5 The exposure rate of leakage rays
should be lower than 1.29×10-7C/(kg·h) (0.5mR/h). 5.2.6 Material resolving power (energy-resolving type only) The energy-resolving equipment should be able to effectively distinguish the material composition of the object being inspected, and at the same time be able to detect the determined organic matter, inorganic matter, and substances or substances between the two types of materials. Mixtures of these two types of materials give different colors. The resolving power of organic matter is expressed by the thickness of polymethyl methacrylate, and the color of organic matter can be given to the test object equivalent to polymethyl methacrylate of less than 130 mm. The ability to distinguish inorganic substances is expressed by the thickness of steel, and the color of inorganic substances can be given to the inspected object equivalent to steel of less than 7mm. 5.2.7 System noise
should not be greater than 70 dB.
5.3 Equipment protection requirements
6.16
GB 15208—94
5.3.1 A safety protection interlock device should be installed in the X-ray emission area. Once the interlock is disconnected, X-ray emission should stop immediately. 5.3.2 A key switch and a secondary power starting switch should be provided. 5.3.3 An emergency stop switch should be installed, which can immediately cut off the power supply of the equipment once an emergency occurs. 5.3.4 Equipment and X-ray generators should have over-voltage and over-current protection functions. When the voltage or current of the X-ray source exceeds 7%~~10% of the specified value, the high voltage can be automatically cut off. 5.3.5 There should be an overheating protection device that can automatically stop emitting X-rays when the temperature of the chassis or the temperature of the coolant (oil or water) of the X-ray tube exceeds the specified value.
5.3.6 There should be obvious radiation emission display devices. 5.4 Radiation protection requirements
5.4.1 The protective lead plates of the X-ray generator, X-ray channel, detector and detection channel should be of sufficient thickness to ensure that the leakage exposure rate meets the requirements of Article 5.2.5.
5.4.2 For equipment with a single inspection exposure exceeding 2.58×10-9C/kg (0.01mR), the entrance and exit of the inspection channel must be protected by lead curtains. The material of the lead door curtain is lead-containing rubber or plastic, and its lead equivalent is not less than 0.35mm thick lead plate. 5.5 Electrical safety requirements
5.5.1 Insulation resistance
The insulation resistance between the power plug or power inlet and the shell or exposed metal parts of the shell should not be less than 100MQ under normal environmental conditions, humid and hot conditions The price should not be less than 2MQ. 5.5.2 Electrical strength
a.
The low-voltage circuit should be able to withstand the electric strength test specified in Table 1, and there should be no breakdown or arcing phenomenon after 1 minute. Table 1
Rated voltage, V
DC or sinusoidal AC effective value
60~130
130~~250
250~600||tt ||AC peak composite voltage
85~184
184~354
354933
The electrical strength of the high-voltage circuit should comply with the requirements in Table 2. Table 2
Test conditions
Without X-ray tube
With X-ray tube
5.5.3 Leakage current
The limit value of leakage current is shown in the table 3.
Equipment category
Equipment directly connected to the protective earth terminal
Equipment indirectly connected to the protective earth terminal
Test voltage, kv
1.10×rated voltage| |tt||1.05X rated voltage
Table 3
Leakage current I,mA
5 (peak value)
5 (peak value)
Test voltage
kv
1.0
1.5
2.0
Test time, min
1
1
Leakage current I2+mA
0.7 (peak value)
647
5.6 Electromagnetic compatibility requirements
GB 1520894
Anti-interference requirements should comply with GB6833. 3. Various provisions of GB6833.5 and provisions 1.1 and 1.3 of GB6833.4. Radiated interference requirements should comply with the provisions of GB6833.10. 5.7 Reliability requirements
Under normal working conditions, the mean time between failures MTBF (61) of the equipment should not be less than 2000h. 5.8 Power supply scope || tt||Power supply voltage is within the range of
5.9 Environmental adaptability requirements
5.9.1 Environmental requirements
a.
+10
% range of rated voltage Within, the equipment should be able to work normally.
15
Climate environment requirements are shown in Table 4.
Table 4
Test items||tt| |Low temperature Ab
High temperature Bb
Constant humidity and heat
Ca
Low temperature storage
b.
Severity level
0±3℃
+45±2℃
93%
+40±2℃
—40±3℃
Test method|| tt||GB 2423.1
GB2423.2
GB2423.3
Mechanical environment requirements are shown in Table 5.
Test items
Vibration test||tt ||Fc
Impact test
Ea
Transportation test
(or simulated transportation)
Severity level
Frequency range: 10~ 55Hz (sine)
Vibration 2 amplitude: 0.15mm
Test time
h
16
16
48||tt| |16
Machine
Recovery time
Check items
h
4
4
4||tt| | 4 | Time: 11tms, z direction
Number of impacts: 18 times
Test mileage: 200km
Highway level: third-class highway
Driving speed: 20~40km/h| |tt||5. 2.1~
5.2.6
5.5.1
5.5.2
Machine
Check items
Electrical components with independent functions
Test time
h
2
2
48
16
Recovery time Check item
h
2
2
4
4
Check item
and method by||tt ||Product standard
Regulations
Electrical components with independent functions
Test methods
5. 2. 1 ~~5. 2. 6||tt| |GB2423.10
GB2423.5
Inspection items
Inspection items and
methods are specified by product
standards
5.9.2 Micro-dose X-ray safety inspection equipment is a large electromechanical product. When environmental testing of the entire machine is not available, electrical components with independent functions are allowed to be tested in accordance with the environmental requirements of Article 5.9. The technical indicators of its electrical components should meet the equipment indicator requirements. 5.9.3 Inspection items and requirements during initial measurement, intermediate measurement and final measurement. 5.9.3.1 During the intermediate measurement of low-temperature and high-temperature tests, the inspection items are 5.2.1~5.2.6, and the performance indicators should comply with the requirements of 5.2.1~5.2.6. No intermediate measurements are made when conducting constant heat and humidity environment tests. 5.9.3.2 During the final measurement of low temperature, high temperature, constant humidity and heat, and low temperature storage tests, the inspection items are 5.2.1~5.2.6. Performance 6.18
indicators should comply with 5.2.1~~5.2.6 Require. GB 15208—94
5.9.3.3 When conducting mechanical environment and transportation tests, the inspection items are 5.2.1~~5.2.6, and the indicators should meet the requirements of 5.2.1~5.2.6.
5.93.4 Electrical components with independent functions, after passing the environmental adaptability test in 6.7, are installed into the complete machine and the whole machine is tested for indicators in 5.2.1~5.2.6. Its performance indicators should comply with 5.2. Requirements of Section 15.2.6. 5.9.3.5 After climatic and mechanical environmental tests, there should be no corrosion or mechanical damage. 5.9.4 After the constant hot and humid environment test, the insulation resistance and electrical strength tests should be carried out immediately. The test method shall be in accordance with Articles 6.8.1 and 6.8.2, and the test results shall comply with the requirements of Articles 5.5.1 and 5.5.2. 6 Test methods
6.1 Unless otherwise specified, the environmental conditions for all tests are normal atmospheric conditions. Ambient temperature: 15~35℃
Relative humidity: 45%~75%
Atmospheric pressure: 86~106kPa
6.2 Main instruments and tools for testing
Ionization type Dosimeter: the minimum range is not greater than 0.1mF High-sensitivity dosimeter: the minimum range is not greater than 0.02mR/h Penetration test card: Appendix A
Spatial resolution test card: Appendix B
Gray Resolution test card: Appendix C | .6 and 5.1.7, use methods such as verification of physical objects and design documents, observation and manual inspection. 6.4 Performance index test
6.4.1 Penetration test
Place the penetration test card in the middle of the detection area. The plane of the test card is perpendicular to the direction of the ray. The equipment operates normally and visually inspects the display. Take the X-ray image of the penetration test card above. The maximum number displayed on the image is the thickness of the steel plate that the equipment can penetrate. It should comply with the requirements of Article 5.2.1.
6.4.2 Test of spatial resolution
Place the spatial resolution test card in the middle of the detection area. The plane of the test card is perpendicular to the direction of the ray. The equipment operates normally and the resolution test is visually inspected on the monitor. The X-ray image of the card and the diameter of the copper wire that can be distinguished should meet the requirements of 5.2.2. 6.4.3 Test of gray scale resolution
Place the gray scale resolution test card in the middle of the detection area. The plane of the test card is perpendicular to the direction of the ray, and the equipment operates normally. Visually inspect the X-ray image of the grayscale test card on the monitor. Under all grayscale steps, it can be determined that the diameter of the copper wire should meet the requirements of 5.2.3. 6.4.4 Single inspection exposure test
After setting the ionization dosimeter to zero, place it in the middle of the detection area and run it 10 times continuously. The average value calculated from the accumulated number should comply with Article 5.2.4 Require.
6.4.5. The test system for the exposure dose rate of leaked rays is in the X-ray emission state. At any point 5cm away from the casing, the exposure dose rate of leaked rays measured with a high-sensitivity dosimeter shall comply with the requirements of Article 5.2.5.
6.4.6 Test of material resolving power
Place the material resolving power test-card in the middle of the detection area. The step surface of the test card is perpendicular to the direction of the ray. The equipment operates normally, item 649|| tt||GB 15208-94
The image color of each test card on the test monitor shall comply with the requirements of Article 5.2.6. 6.4.7 Test of system noise
When the conveyor belt is running at full load, use a sound level meter at any point 0.5m away from the system to measure the noise in accordance with the requirements of 5.2.7. 6.5 Test of equipment protection requirements
6.5.1 Interlock switch test
Turn off any interlock switch in the emission area, X-ray emission should be stopped immediately, and the X-ray emission indicator light will go out. 6.5.2 Emergency stop test
Pressing the emergency stop switch should immediately cut off the power supply of the equipment and the power indicator light will go out. 6.6 Power supply scope test
Test at AC 50Hz and three voltage points of 187V, 220V and 242V for 15 minutes each. The performance indicators of the equipment should comply with the requirements of 5.2.1~5.2.6.
6.7 Environmental adaptability test
Conduct according to the requirements of Table 4 and Table 5 and the test methods specified in GB2423.1~GB2423.3, GB2423.5 and GB2423.10. 6.8 Safety requirements test
6.8.1 Insulation resistance
Use a 1000V megger to measure the insulation resistance between the equipment power plug or power lead-in terminal and the shell or exposed metal parts on the shell. Set the power switch to the on position and the power plug is not plugged into the power grid. Apply 1000V test voltage, and after stabilizing for 5 seconds, the insulation resistance value read shall comply with the requirements of 5.5.1.
6.8.2 Electrical strength
Apply an adjustable test voltage with a rated power of not less than 500V·A between the power plug or power inlet terminal and the shell or exposed metal parts on the shell , the test voltage is increased to the value specified in Table 1 at a rate of 200V/min and maintained for 1 minute. After the test is completed, the requirements of Article 5.5.2 shall be met.
6.8.3 Leakage current test
6.8.3.1 Test preparation
Place the equipment under test at the test site and leave it aside for more than 12 hours. It must not be turned on during the placement period. 6.8.3.2 Leakage current test
During the test, the working voltage is 110% of the nominal voltage of the power supply, and the power switch of the equipment is placed in the on position. The nominal internal resistance of the ammeter is 2k2 (including additional series resistance). It is connected according to Figure 1 and Figure 2, and the leakage between each stage of the power supply and all accessible conductive parts (including the measuring ground terminal) connected together are measured respectively. Current, the measured value should not exceed the value specified in Table 3. a. Test for ground leakage current I1 of equipment directly connected to the protective ground terminal, see Figure 1. 650
b.
GB 15208—94
Non
Figure 1 Leakage current I1 measurement circuit of equipment directly connected to the protective ground terminal 1 - isolation transformer; 2 - transfer switch; 3 - accessible conductive part; 4 - ground leakage current of equipment with protective ground terminal indirectly connected to the protective ground terminal and For the test of shell leakage current I and I2, see Figure 2. 315
Figure 2 Leakage current 11. I of equipment indirectly connected to the protective ground terminal, measuring circuit 1-isolation transformer; 2-transfer switch: 3-can Touching conductive parts: 4 - protective grounding terminal, 5 - measuring grounding terminal 6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility test
According to the test methods specified in 3.1 and 3.4 of GB6833.3, GB6833.5, GB6833.10 and GB6833.4 , the device should work normally.
6.10 Reliability Test
6.10.1 Test Plan
Reliability qualification test: Carry out in accordance with the test plan 4:6 of Appendix E (Supplement). Reliability handover test: Carry out in accordance with test plan 4:7 in Appendix E (supplement). 6.10.2 Test requirements
During the entire test process, X-rays are emitted for 10 seconds and stopped for 10 seconds. The test time lasts until a qualified judgment can be made. The test time of each sample cannot be less than half of the average test time of each sample. During the test, when k failures occur, the cumulative relevant test time T is calculated according to the following formula: 651
where: the total number of samples tested;
tki
GB 15208--94
The corresponding time reading of the j-th sample among the tested samples at the k-th failure. When no failure occurs at the judgment point, the cumulative relevant test time T is calculated according to the following formula: T- nt
Wuzhong: n - the total number of tested samples:
- the test time at the judgment point Corresponding test time of the test sample. 6.10.3 Failure judgment basis
6.10.3.1 Fatal failure
The product shell is charged:;
a.
b.
The product has signs of open flame burning .
6.10.3.2 Serious failure
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
No image;
value;
Ray leakage exceeds the specified value.
6.10.3.3
Mild fault
a.
b.
The indicator light is broken, the fuse is blown,
System noise exceeds the specified value.
7 Inspection Rules
7.1 Inspection Classification
Equipment inspection is divided into:
Appraisal inspection;
b.
c|| tt||7. 1. 1
station.
Delivery inspection;
Routine inspection.
The appraisal and inspection items are as specified in Table 6. Appraisal and inspection should be carried out during design finalization and production finalization. The number of samples shall not be less than 27.1.2 The items for delivery inspection shall be as specified in Table 6 and shall be aligned during production. The equipment is fully inspected. 7.1.3 The items of routine inspection are specified in Table 6 and shall be carried out every 2a. Samples should be randomly selected from the products that pass the delivery inspection, and the number of samples should be no less than 2 units.
7.2 Judgment Rules
Determine whether the sample is qualified according to the items, sequence, technical requirements, test methods and unqualified classification specified in Table 6. If any item does not meet the requirements, it will be judged as a unqualified product.
7.3 Disposal of non-conforming products
7.3.1 When Class A non-conforming products are found, production should be stopped immediately, and measures should be taken within the corresponding scope to eliminate the factors of non-conforming products before submitting them for inspection , if it involves equipment that has been shipped out, the user should be notified immediately to transport it back for repair or to the user for repair. 652 | | tt | 7.3.2
7.3.3 When Class C non-conforming products are found, the inspection of the equipment should be stopped, and the factors of the non-conforming products should be eliminated before submitting for inspection. Table 6
Serial number
2
3
4
6
oa
9
10
11
12bzxz.net
13
Appearance
Penetration
Item
Spatial resolution||tt| |Grayscale splitting force
Single inspection exposure
Exposure rate of leakage ray
Material splitting ability
System noise
Electrical Safety requirements
Electromagnetic compatibility requirements
Reliability requirements
Power supply scope
Environmental adaptability
Object
Note: ① Table Those with "√" indicate ongoing projects. ②Reliability test shall be conducted during production finalization. 8 Packaging, marking, storage and transportation
8.1 Packaging requirements
Technical requirements
5.1.6
5.1.7
5.2.1||tt ||5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2. 4
5.2.5
5.2.6
5.2.7
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
Test method
6.3
6.4.1
6.4.2
6.4.3
6.4.4||tt| |6.4.5
6.4.6
6.4.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.6
6.7
Unqualified
Class
C
B
B
B
A
A| |tt||B
C
A
B
B
B
B
Authentication and inspection|| tt||②
Delivery inspection
Routine inspection
8.1.1 The packaging box should be a frame wooden box or a multi-layer board frame wooden box. The host must be fixed on the box. The packaging box must be moisture-proof and shock-proof. 8.1.2 The packaging box should contain technical documents such as instructions for use, packing list, etc. 8.2 Marking requirements
8.2.1 The following marks should be placed on the appropriate location of the equipment: a.
b.
c.
Product model, production date, serial number , trademark and manufacturer; model and serial number of the X-ray generator;
8.2.2 There should be the following marks on the packaging box:
Product model, name, quantity and standard number; 653
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.