GB 16151.12-1996 Technical conditions for safe operation of agricultural machinery - Grain combine harvesters
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safe technical requirements for agricultural machinery operatingGrain combine
1 Subject content and scope of application
GB16151.12—1996
This standard specifies the technical requirements for the operation safety of the whole grain combine harvester and its engine, transmission system, brake system, travel system, header part, threshing part, conveying device, external transmission device, cab, lighting, signal, etc. This standard is applicable to the operation safety technical inspection of self-propelled, towed, suspended and semi-suspended grain combine harvesters (hereinafter referred to as harvesters). Other harvesting machinery can also be inspected with reference to the corresponding provisions of this standard. 2 Reference standards
GB/T3871.1~3871.12 Test methods for agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors GB4268.1~4268.2 Graphic symbols for agricultural machinery GB4269.1~4269.2 Agricultural and forestry tractors and machinery, lawn and gardening power machinery Operator operation symbols and other symbols GB10395.1 Safety technical requirements for agricultural tractors and machinery Part I: General GB10396 Safety signs for agricultural tractors and machinery GB/T14248 Determination method for braking performance of harvesting machinery GB16151.1 Technical conditions for safe operation of agricultural machinery Wheeled tractors JB6268 Determination method for noise of self-propelled harvesting machinery 3 Complete machine
3.1 The signs, numbers and marks of the harvester, its engine and other assembly parts are complete and legible, and the number plates are intact and placed in the specified positions. 3.2 The appearance is neat, the parts, instruments, lead seals and auxiliary equipment are complete, the connections are tight, and the parts are not welded, broken or obviously deformed. 3.3 Strength grade of fasteners bearing load: bolts shall not be lower than grade 8.8, nuts shall not be lower than grade 8. 3.4 The operation of the operating parts shall be flexible and effective, and the rotating parts shall rotate without obstruction. The handles and pedals that can automatically return to their positions can return to their positions in time. 3.5 The instruments (including walking speed meter, roller tachometer, timer, etc.) are accurate, and the indicated positions of indicators (such as indicators of cutting height, threshing gap, etc.) are consistent with the actual conditions of the relevant parts. 3.6 All parts are well sealed, and there shall be no gaps or holes larger than 2mm in the shell and joints of the header, feeding room, cleaning room, elevator, screw conveyor, inspection window, grain box, etc.; if the relative motion between two parts is sealed with a rubber sheet, the rubber sheet shall not be lost, deformed, or damaged. 3.7 The bearings are tightened and well lubricated, and the temperature shall not exceed 60℃ after 30 minutes of trial operation at the highest speed. 3.8 All parts shall not be modified to hinder operation, affect safety, or limit the performance of the original machine. 3.9 All oil pipe joints, valves, screw plugs, sealing washers, oil seals, water seals and joint surface gaskets should be complete and intact, tightly combined, without oil, air or water leakage.
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on January 12, 1996 and implemented on April 1, 1996
GB16151.12-1996
3.10 Noise allowed: ear noise, no more than 94dB (A) for cabless cab, no more than 90dB (A) for ordinary cab, no more than 83dB (A) for pressure-sealed cab; dynamic environmental noise: no more than 89dB (A). 3.11 Protective plates (covers, nets) must be installed for exposed transmission parts such as chains, belts, cables, wheels, shafts, and the air inlet of the cleaning fan, the end of the cutter, the end of the stem chopper, and the high-temperature parts of the engine exhaust pipe. 3.12 Universal joints and their transmission shafts must have safety guards over their entire length. 3.13 Protective devices should comply with the provisions of GB10395.1. 3.14 For moving parts such as cutters, header screw conveyors, reel wheels, and stalk choppers that cannot be placed in protective covers and may cause harm due to their working characteristics, permanent safety warning signs must be placed in conspicuous locations near them. 3.15 For headers equipped with cutters without blade guards, blade guards must be installed in front of the cutters during transportation, transfer, and storage. 3.16 Grass guards must be installed between the ends and side walls of rotating parts such as header screw conveyors, feed wheels, rollers, and draft-removing wheels to prevent drafts from being entangled on the shaft and causing fires. 3.17 The fuel tank must be at least 300 mm away from the engine exhaust pipe and at least 200 mm away from exposed electrical connectors and electrical switches. 3.18 The access channel must be equipped with ladders and handrails, and must not have parts and protrusions that can cause injuries. The materials of ladders, handrails and pedals shall be of reliable strength, the pedal surface shall be non-slip, and all parts shall be firmly fixed. 3.19 The height from the upper plane of the first step of the ladder to the ground shall not exceed 550mm, and the spacing between the pedals above the first step shall not exceed 300mm. 3.20 The depth of the pedals of the cab access ladder (the spacing from the front edge of the step to the adjacent parts): the ladder shall not be less than 150mm if there is a closed baffle behind the ladder, and not less than 200mm if there is no closed baffle; the step depth of other access passages shall not be less than 150mm. 3.21 The spacing from the baffle of the ladder to the tire shall not be less than 25mm, and the radial free clearance between the driving wheel and the upper machine parts shall not be less than 60mm. 3.22 The lowest edge of the ladder handrail shall not be more than 1600mm above the ground. 3.23 Permanent and eye-catching safety operation precautions shall be set at appropriate locations. 3.24 The harvester must be equipped with a fire extinguisher that can extinguish fires caused by fiber and oil. 3.25 The inspection methods for the control, braking, noise and other requirements specified in this standard may refer to the relevant provisions of GB3871, GB6268 and GB14218.
3.26 The safety signs specified in this standard shall comply with the provisions of GB10396. 4 Engine
4.1 The starting performance is good; when starting a cold car at room temperature, the number of times the starting motor is not more than 3 times, each time not more than 5s, and the interval is 2min. It is allowed to use the starting auxiliary device or measures equipped on the original vehicle. 4.2 The idle speed and the maximum idling speed are normal, the operation is stable, there is no abnormal sound, and the operation can be stopped by closing the throttle or pulling out the flameout button; under normal temperature and load, the exhaust smoke color is normal. 4.3 The power is not less than 90% of the rated power; the fuel consumption rate is not higher than 15% of the rated fuel consumption rate. 4.4 The water temperature, oil temperature and oil pressure during normal operation meet the specified requirements. 4.5 The air intake system must be in a relatively clean air environment, and the air filter must have strong filtering and dust removal capabilities. 4.6 The outside of the radiator must be equipped with a mesh cover and other protective devices to prevent the heat dissipation core from being blocked by chaff and leaf debris. 4.7 The exhaust pipe must be equipped with a spark extinguishing device to ensure that the spark is extinguished before the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere. 5 Transmission system
5.1 The outer shell of the clutch, gearbox, rear axle, and final transmission box has no cracks and is firmly fastened. There is no abnormal noise or abnormal temperature rise during operation. 5.2 The free travel of the clutch pedal meets the requirements, the separation is complete, the engagement is smooth, there is no slipping, no shaking, and the pedal operating force is not more than 350N.
5.3 The gear shifting operation is easy, there is no random gear or gear jump, and the gear lever operating force: when parking and shifting, it is not more than 200N. 6 Steering system
6.1 The maximum free travel of the steering wheel is 30°. 34
GB 16151.12—1996
6.2 Steering shall be light and flexible on a flat, dry and hard road, and shall not have swinging, shaking, deviation or other abnormal phenomena. 6.3 Steering wheel operating force: mechanical steering gear shall not exceed 250N, full hydraulic steering gear shall not exceed 15N (when the engine is turned off, the gear pump stops, and the manual steering pump works, it shall not exceed 600N). 6.4 The minimum turning radius parameter when braking on one side of the harvester shall comply with the regulations. 6.5 The connection between the steering drop arm, the rotating arms and the longitudinal and transverse tie rods between them shall be firm and not deformed, and the ball head clearance and steering wheel bearing clearance shall comply with the regulations. 6.6 When the full hydraulic guide wheel turns from the extreme position on one side to the extreme position on the other side, the steering wheel shall not rotate more than 5 times. 6.7 The oil level of the hydraulic steering system is normal, the oil quality is qualified, there is no leakage at any place during operation, and there is no air in the oil circuit. 7 Braking system
7.1 The left and right brake pedals must have reliable interlocking devices and positioning devices. 7.2 The brakes should work smoothly, sensitively and reliably. The braking capacity of the brakes on both sides should be basically the same, and the foot surfaces of the left and right pedals should be located on the same plane.
7.3 The free travel of the brake pedal should comply with the regulations. 7.4 After the maximum braking effect is produced, the brake pedal or handle must have a reserve travel of more than one-fifth. 7.5 The oil level of the hydraulic brake system is normal, the oil quality is qualified, and there must be no oil leakage or air intake. 7.6 The operating force of the brake pedal shall not exceed 600N, and the operating force of the brake handle shall not exceed 400N. 7.7 The parking brake device should ensure that the harvester can be reliably parked upward or downward on a longitudinal dry hard slope with a slope of 20%. 7.8 When the harvester is in transport status and travels at a speed of 20 km/h on a dry and flat concrete or asphalt road surface, when the brake pedal force is not more than 800 N, the braking distance S or average deceleration a shall comply with the following provisions: 7.8.1 Braking distance S
When the brake is cold: Scold ≤ 5.5 m
When the brake is hot: Shot ≤ 9 m
7.8.2 Average deceleration a
When the brake is cold: acold>2.94 m/s2
When the brake is hot: ahot>1.76 m/s2
7.9 Braking stability requirements: When the brake pedal force is not more than 800 N and the deceleration is not more than 4.5 m/s, the rear wheel shall not jump up. 8 Frame and Travel System
8.1 The frame has no bending, twisting, deformation, cracks or serious rust; no welds are loosened, and fasteners are not missing or loose. 8.2 The front and rear axles are not deformed, cracked, and fixed reliably. 8.3 The wheel hub is intact and installed with appropriate tightness. The rim, spoke plate, and lock ring have no cracks, are not deformed, and the nuts are complete and firmly fastened. 8.4 The tire model meets the original vehicle regulations. It is not allowed to use the inner pad outside. It is not allowed to install the driving wheel with flat tread and the guide wheel with tread less than 3.2mm. There should be no serious external injuries and exposed wires. 8.5 The driving tire tread shall not be reversed. The left and right wheels on the same axle should be equipped with tires of the same model and tread and wear are roughly equal. 8.6 The tire pressure meets the regulations and is consistent on both sides. 8.7 The toe value of the steering wheel meets the regulations.
8.8 The original tire weights must be complete.
8.9 Half tracks and track shoes should not be installed upside down in general. The number of left and right track shoes should be equal, and the degree of wear of their parts should be roughly the same. 8.10 The left and right tracks should be parallel to the longitudinal center line of the harvester, and there should be no top teeth or derailment between the drive wheel and the track shoe. The center of the drive wheel and the front and rear guide wheels in the track should be located in the same vertical plane, with a deviation of no more than 2mm. 8.11
The rotating parts in the track rotate flexibly, the clearance is appropriate, and the working surface wear is normal. The track tensioning device should be effective and the tensioning degree should meet the specified requirements. 35
9 Cutting table part
GB 16151.12—1996Www.bzxZ.net
9.1 The fixed blade of the blade guard is riveted reliably. The blade guard is firmly installed. The cutting edge plane (or the upper plane of the fixed blade) of each blade guard should be on the same plane, with a tolerance of no more than 0.5mm.
9.2 The knife bar should be straight, and the straightness of its narrow surface is: 1mm when the length is not greater than or equal to 3m; 1.5mm when greater than 3m; the flatness of the wide surface of the knife bar is 0.5mm
9.3 The moving blades are complete, and the number of missing teeth on each blade is not more than 5. The cutting edge shall not have a gap longer than 8mm, nor more than 3 gaps less than 8mm.
9.4 The moving blades should be tightly riveted on the knife bar, and no gap is allowed at the riveted joint. The local gap between the other contact surfaces is not greater than 0.1mm. After riveting, the knife bar is straight, and all the moving blades should be on the same plane, and the allowable difference is not greater than 0.5mm. 9.5 The maximum allowable gap between the front and back of the knife bar in the blade guard is 0.8mm. 9.6 The gap between the blade pressure device and the moving blade is not greater than 0.5mm, and the maximum allowable gap between the bottom surface of the moving blade and the edge surface of the blade guard or the fixed blade at any point is 0.8mm.
9.7 When the cutter bar is connected to the rocker arm-push rod mechanism, the distance between the moving knife and the fixed knife should meet the regulations when the cutter is in the extreme position. 9.8 The grain divider and the tipping device are not deformed and are installed reliably. 9.9 The spiral conveyor should be checked for static balance so that it can stop at any position; the gap between its spiral blade and the bottom surface of the cutting table and the gap with the rear baffle should meet the original machine regulations. The two gaps should be consistent over the entire length of the conveyor and remain parallel to the cutter beam. The gap between the end face of the conveyor shell and the left and right side walls of the cutting table is not more than 5mm.
9.10 The gap between the telescopic tooth tip of the tooth-shifting mechanism and the bottom surface of the cutting table is generally 10-15mm, which can be adjusted according to the growth status of the crop, but the minimum gap must be guaranteed to be 5mm. After adjustment, the nut fixing the telescopic tooth on the shaft and the adjusting bolt on the side wall must be tightened. 9.11 The conveyor belt of the belt-type cutting platform has no holes that leak grain or grass, the rivets and buckles are firm, the joints are tightly covered, the active and passive shafts are parallel, the grass guards in front and behind the conveyor belt are complete, and the operation is unobstructed. 9.12 The bending amount of the reel tube shaft is not more than 10mm9.13 The reel should be able to adjust its front and back, height and low position without hindrance, and the left and right positions should be consistent. When it is in the front and lowest position, the distance between the reel teeth and the blade guard is not less than 20mm, and it is consistent over the entire length of the cutting width; when the reel rotates, the minimum distance between the telescopic teeth of the screw conveyor and the reel pressure plate is 15mm. 9.14 The contoured sliding support at the bottom of the cutting platform is complete, and its height and inclination are appropriate; the four-bar linkage of the contoured slide of the flexible cutting platform is sensitive. 9.15 The straw support of the vertical cutting platform is installed firmly, the upper and lower sprockets of the straw support chain should be on the same rotating plane, the chain link wear is not excessive, the straw support finger is intact, and can be extended and retracted at the specified position of its track. 9.16 The teeth of the straw star wheel of the vertical cutting platform are not damaged, the direction is not reversed, the gap with the upper and lower anti-entanglement covers is appropriate, and the rotation is flexible; the straw pressing spring is in the correct position and fixed reliably.
9.17 The lateral and intermediate conveying devices of the vertical cutting platform have all parts intact, all parts cooperate well, and rotate smoothly without slipping. 9.18 The hydraulic lifting cutting platform must have a reliable cutting platform fixed (locked) position. 9.19 The pins at the connection between the cutting platform or the cutting platform trailer and the main machine should have measures to prevent them from falling off. 10 Threshing part
10.1 The ribs of the roller are free of cracks, the height of the ribs is not more than 3.5mm, and the ribs of adjacent ribs should be in opposite directions. 10.2 The spokes of the roller shall be free of cracks, the threaded rod shall be close to the spokes and parallel to the roller shaft and the concave plate cross grid plate, with a parallelism tolerance of no more than 1mm. After the A-type threaded rod is installed, the bolt head shall not be higher than the convex thread, the threaded rod bolt pair shall be tightened, the anti-loosening measures shall be firm, and the tightening torque of M12 is 90±20N·m.
10.3 The spike teeth of the spiked roller and the concave plate shall not be deformed, the wear shall not exceed the limit, the direction shall not be reversed, the nuts shall be tightened, the anti-loosening measures shall be reliable, and the left and right tooth gaps shall be equal, with a minimum tooth gap of 4mm.
10.4 The bow teeth of the bow-toothed roller shall be complete and undamaged, and the fixing shall be reliable. The type and position of the bow teeth shall not be wrong. 36
GB 16151.12—1996
10.5 The roller shaft shall not be bent. The roller should rotate briskly without axial movement, and the clearance with the two side walls should be equal, with a minimum clearance of 7mm. 10.6 The counterweights (bolts, nuts and counterweights) on the roller should not fall off, be replaced arbitrarily or move parts; when replacing parts of the roller, they must be replaced in pairs with equal weight at symmetrical positions, and the static balance must be checked so that it can stop at any position. 10.7 The opening and closing state of the upper opening of the stone collector meets the requirements of the crop, and its bottom plate rotates flexibly and is fixed reliably. 10.8 The horizontal grid plate of the grid-type concave plate does not deform, the wear of the working surface does not exceed the limit, the screen surface of the woven screen-type concave plate does not deform, and the screen bars do not break or rise.
10.9 The concave plate adjustment device is flexible and light; when threshing grains, the outlet clearance is 4 to 8mm (the inlet clearance is generally twice the outlet clearance), and the left and right clearances are consistent.
10.10 The connection between the draft-pulling wheel and the feeding wheel and the shaft is reliable and flexible, and the blades or spikes are not reversed or deformed. 10.11 The key box of the key-type straw walker is flat and not deformed, the step pieces on both sides are not skewed, the screen surface is intact, the opening of the fish scales or shell holes is consistent, the key box and the front and rear brackets are firmly riveted, the side walls of the key box and the bracket, and the key box and the bracket and the side walls of the machine body shall not rub against each other, and the center lines of the front and rear crankshafts shall be parallel; under the condition that the bolts are fully tightened, the clearance of the crankshaft wood bearing is appropriate, and there is no abnormal temperature rise of the journal after 5 minutes of transmission. 10.12 For a transverse straw walker, the wear of its working parts shall not exceed the limit, the various parts shall cooperate and coordinate, and the shaking grass wheel and its spring teeth shall swing normally from side to side. 10.13 The pitch of the chain links of the belt-type straw walker shall not exceed the limit, the wooden strips shall not crack or deform, the riveting shall be firm, and the belts and buckles shall be complete. 10.14 The curtain is complete, not deformed, and can swing freely forward and backward. 10.15 When a large self-propelled straw walker is equipped with a chopper behind it, a stem blockage alarm shall be installed. 10.16 The grain shaking plate (step plate) has no cracks or holes; the finger-shaped screen (distributed teeth) at the rear is complete, not deformed, and firmly fixed. 10.17 The screen box is not broken, the screen frame is easy to disassemble and assemble in the slide seat, and is firmly fixed; the corresponding sensing parts of the screen box are consistent in length, the wear and deformation of the shaft sleeves are consistent, the swing is unobstructed, and there is no friction between the screen box and the side wall during operation. 10.18 The screen frame has a solid structure: the fish scale screen pieces are complete, the opening is consistent, the adjustment mechanism is effective, and when the adjustment handle is in the minimum position, all the screen pieces should be completely closed, and individual screen pieces are allowed to open 3mm; the woven screen pieces are firmly fixed to the screen frame, the screen surface steel wire is continuous and not warped, and the screen hole size is consistent; the perforated screen and shell screen have flat screen surfaces and are firmly fixed to the screen frame. The longitudinal partitions on the screen surface are complete, without bending or skewing. 10.19 All comb screen wires are intact, with consistent spacing and a smooth screen surface; the opening, inclination and upper and lower positions of the tail screen (extended screen) are easily adjustable.
10.20 The fan housing and blades are not deformed, and the spoke frame is firmly connected to the shaft; the impeller rotates flexibly without friction. After replacing parts, the static balance must be checked to ensure that it can stop at any position; the air volume and wind direction adjustment device is easy to move, reliably fixed, and the air guide plate is not deformed. 11 Grain bins, grass boxes, bran boxes and stem choppers 11.1 A grid-shaped protective plate must be installed on the outlet side of the uniform conveyor of the grain bin. 11.2 The grain bin design should be able to prevent the grain from being suspended, and the position of the spiral blades of the uniform conveyor on the shaft should ensure that the grain is evenly distributed in the grain bin; the cover (or gate) of the horizontal conveyor at the bottom of the grain bin can be easily adjusted in opening. 11.3 The grain pusher can be easily changed, and the operating handle must have a locking device; the power should be effectively separated when not in the grain unloading position; there should be no friction between the spiral and the shell during transmission.
11.4 The stem and chaff loader gear mechanism of the grass collecting box is installed correctly, and its wooden bearing should be able to rotate freely after tightening the nut, and there should be no obvious radial clearance with the crankshaft.
11.5 The position of the grass collecting box counterweight is appropriate to ensure that the bottom plate can be turned over and dumped when the grass load reaches a certain weight, and can automatically return to its position after unloading the grass; the rear valve linkage control mechanism is flexible and effective, and the gate can be stuck on the lock hook when it falls from a height of 0.5m, and the left and right lock hooks can act at the same time. 11.6 The chaff collecting box is firmly fixed, all parts are sealed, the cyclone separator wall is smooth, and the chaff unloading mechanism is flexible. 11.7 The moving blade of the stem chopper is firmly installed on its drum. The moving blade and the fixed blade shall not be defective. The replaced moving blade shall be of roughly the same quality as the original blade.
, 12 Conveyor installation
12.1 The outer shell of the inclined conveyor shall not be deformed or cracked. 37
GB16151.12—1996
12.2 The inclined conveyor chain (feeding chain, chain sprocket) shall not be installed upside down. The chain links shall be worn normally, the three chains on the left and right shall be of equal length, the chain sprocket plate shall be riveted reliably, the main and sprocketed wheel shafts and the chain sprocket plate shall be parallel to each other, the three sprocket teeth on the main and driven shafts shall be on the same plane, the driven shaft shall be able to float up and down without obstruction, and its height shall be adjusted appropriately according to the requirements of each model. The tension of the conveyor chain shall be such that the chain sprocket plate in the middle front of the lower side is slightly in contact with the bottom plate of the outer shell.
12.3 The blades of the screw conveyor are not deformed, have no cracks or burrs, and are firmly welded to the shaft. The pitch is equal, the bending amount of the conveyor shaft is no more than 1mm, and the gap between the blade and the shell is 6~~10mm. 12.4 The main and passive shafts of the elevator are parallel to each other and rotate flexibly. The scraper or elevator bucket is intact and the connection is reliable. The adjustment of the chain tension is flexible and effective.
12.5 The impeller and blade of the winnower and the re-thrower are reliably fixed. The impeller should be checked for static balance so that it can stop at any position; the ribs or rubbing board convex patterns are not seriously worn, and the inspection window and end cover are well sealed. 12.6 The impeller of the bran conveying fan is reliably fixed, the blades are not deformed, and the static balance check can stop at any position; the conveying pipeline has no concave thin places and is well sealed.
13 External transmission device
13.1 All transmission chains are intact and have appropriate tension. The sleeve roller chain link side plates and shafts are riveted reliably without excessive looseness. The sleeve roller rotates flexibly on the shaft and there is no peeling or cracking on the surface. The joint chain links must be locked with locking plates, wire lock pins or cotter pins; the hook grooves of the hook chain links and the matching frame shafts are not worn beyond the limit. When installing, the openings should face outwards and the hooks should face the direction of movement. 13.2 The transmission belt has no cracks or oil stains. The model, specifications and quantity meet the requirements and the tension is appropriate. 13.3 The shaft head of the installed sprocket or pulley should not be bent visually. The flat key must be fixed with a set screw and locked with a locking nut; all sprockets or pulleys driven by the same chain or transmission belt (group) should rotate on the same plane; the pulley rim has no gaps or deformation. 13.4 The tensioning devices of the chain or belt (tensioning wheel, tensioning block, chain support plate, etc.) are complete, correctly installed, effective and easy to adjust. 13.5 All parts of the safety clutch are complete, the wear of the working parts (toothed gear plate, corrugated plate, friction plate, ball and groove) is not excessive, and the spring preload (or preload height) or the maximum slip torque it bears meets the requirements. 13.6 The free travel of the working clutch of the cutting table and threshing part is appropriate, the separation is complete, the engagement is smooth and there is no slip. 13.7 All couplings rotate flexibly without being stuck. 13.8 All stepless speed change devices are easy to operate, labor-saving, correct in function and sensitive in response. 13.9 Rotating parts with a speed exceeding 400r/min and a mass greater than 5kg should be checked for static balance after repair so that they can stop at any position. 14 Cab and outer cover
14.1 The cab design of large harvesters must meet the safety requirements specified in relevant standards. 14.2 A good front view should be ensured. The angle between the horizontal plane of the machine and the line from the eye position to the cutter is generally not less than 70°. 14.3 The seat is comfortable and adjustable. The control parts and instruments are reasonably arranged. The operation is smooth and labor-saving, and the observation is convenient. According to the provisions of GB4268.1~4268.2 and GB4269.1~~4269.2, relevant symbols are set; the steering column of the steering machine is properly tilted and fixed reliably. 14.4 The front windshield of the cab must use safety glass. 14.5 It has good sealing performance. The sealing strip and sound insulation board should be firmly embedded and bonded in the specified position, and it should be flat, smooth and beautiful. 14.6 The doors and windows are tightly closed, easy to open and close, and the door locks are reliable. 14.7 There shall be no protruding parts and sharp edges and corners inside and outside the cab and on the outer cover that can cause injuries. 14.8 The cab and the outer cover should be flat and painted beautifully. 15 Hydraulic system
15.1 All mechanisms of the hydraulic system shall work sensitively. Under the highest pressure, there shall be no leakage at the joints between components and pipelines, or at the joints between parts and pipelines; there shall be no abnormal noise, pipeline vibration and temperature rise. 15.2 The pressure of the steering and control systems shall meet the original factory requirements. 38
GB 16151.12-1996
15.3 The lifting time of the header is 2.5s~3.5s, and the lowering time is 3s~4.5s; the static settlement in 30min shall not exceed 15mm. 15.4 The lifting time of the reel shall not exceed 2.5s, and the static settlement in 30min shall not exceed 15mm. 15.5 Stability of the continuously variable speed change during travel: After driving forward for 200m at normal operating speed, the position of the belt on the pulley remains unchanged. 15.6 The grain unloading conveyor rotates from the transport position to the grain unloading position and then returns to the transport position, which takes 12s to 148s respectively. 15.7 Adjust the speed regulating valve to the maximum position and measure that the speed of the hydraulic motor of the reel or the wiping picker is not lower than the specified value. 15.8 The pressure of the hydraulic drive system of the reel or the wiping picker meets the original manufacturer's requirements. 15.9 The nitrogen accumulator does not leak.
16 Electrical system, lighting, and signals
16.1 The electrical devices and circuits are intact and securely installed. They shall not become loose or damaged due to movement and lose their function; short circuits or open circuits shall not occur.
16.2 Switches and buttons are easy to operate and can be turned on and off freely. They shall not be turned on or off automatically due to vibration. 16.3 If any circuit of the lighting and signaling device fails, it shall not interfere with the normal operation of other circuits. 16.4 The generator should work well and the battery should maintain normal voltage; all electrical wires should be bundled, arranged neatly, fixed and clamped, with secure joints and insulating sleeves; when the wires pass through holes, insulating conduits should be installed. 16.5 At least the following lighting devices should be installed:
16.5.1 Three headlights, two of which illuminate the front of the harvesting platform and one illuminates the unloading situation and the rear. The light source is 40~45W and switches are set up separately. The headlight must have high and low beams; all headlights must be installed on a rotatable bracket. 16.5.2 One hand-held work light with a light source of 40-45W, used for parking inspection and maintenance; it must be equipped with an insulated handle, a metal mesh bulb shield and a cable of sufficient length with a plug.
16.5.3 Instrument lights and cab ceiling lights shall be installed in the quantity and specifications specified for each model. 16.5.4 Large self-propelled harvesters must have four width lights and four turn signal lights, installed on the left and right sides of the front and rear respectively; there must be no less than one brake light, installed at the rear of the harvester. The three lights are allowed to share one lampshade. The installation position shall be no more than 1.5m from the ground and no more than 150mm from the outermost side of the harvester (after removing the harvesting table). For specific requirements, please refer to the relevant provisions of GB16151.1. 16.5.5 A flashing or normally on yellow warning light shall be installed at the highest point of a large self-propelled harvester. 16.6 The relevant light and sound signal indication and monitoring systems of large self-propelled harvesters, such as steering, grain full, grass box open, tractor overload, headlight high beam, generator charging, engine oil pressure, air filter and hydraulic oil filter monitoring, hydraulic oil temperature, brake oil level, etc., should be complete and responsive, the bulb specifications meet the requirements, and the sound signal level is greater than the noise level at the driver's working position. 16.7 A low-noise horn must be installed, which must have reliable performance and pleasant sound. The sound level should be 8dB(A) higher than the dynamic ambient noise level outside the machine. 16.8 A rearview mirror should be installed on each side of the front, which should be in a suitable position and have a clear image in the mirror, so that the operation of the rear parts and traffic conditions can be clearly seen. 16.9 For harvesters without a stubble height indicator and inability to see the current cutting height, a rearview mirror that can reflect the cutting height must be installed at an appropriate position to directly see the cutting height under the cutting platform. 16.10 At least one sensitive and effective automatic wiper should be installed on the front windshield of the cab, and a sunshade should be installed. Additional Notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Agricultural Mechanization Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture. This standard was drafted by the Jiangsu Agricultural Machinery Safety Supervision Institute, Nantong Agricultural Machinery Safety Supervision Institute, and Nantong Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute.
The main drafters of this standard are Xuan Yinian, Ding Bocheng, Fu Xiaojun, Jiao Gang, and Guan Yunzhang. 39
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