This standard specifies the general technology, equipment and related terms for grain and oil, and is applicable to production, scientific research, teaching and other fields. GB 8874-1988 General technology, equipment and related terms for grain and oil GB8874-1988 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
General terms of technology and equipment for grain and oil industry
UDC 664. 3. 032
￥664.73
GB 8874-88
This standard specifies general technology, equipment and related terms for grain and oil industry, and is applicable to production, scientific research, teaching and other fields. 1 Cleaning
cleaning
The general term for the process of removing impurities from raw grains and oilseeds, usually including the cleaning of the surface of grains and the preparation work before processing. 1.1 Screening
screening, sifting
The process or method of removing impurities or grading raw grains by using the sieve holes, mainly by using the difference in particle size between raw grains, oilseeds and impurities. 1.1.1 Basic terms
1.1.1.1 Preliminary cleaning
Preliminary cleaning, precleaning The process of removing large impurities and dust from raw grains and oilseeds before they enter the factory and enter the warehouse. Number of feed inlets
number of feed inlets
The number of ways for materials to enter an independent working unit of the operating machine for processing. There can be only one way or several ways in parallel. 1.1.1.2.1 Single feed inlet
single feed inlet
After the materials enter an independent working unit of the operating machine, they are processed in one way. 1.1.1.2.2
Double (triple) feed inlet
double(triple)feed inlet
After the material enters an independent working unit of the operation machine, it is evenly divided into two (three) paths for parallel processing, such as: the material is evenly divided into two (three) paths, and enters two (or three) groups of sieves with exactly the same technical characteristics (sieve hole shape, size, arrangement, screen surface combination, etc.) on the left and right or upper and lower (or upper, middle, lower) of the same sieve body for screening. 1.1.1.3 Granulation curve
granulation curve
With the particle size (length, width, thickness) of the sample grain as the horizontal coordinate and the weight percentage of the grain of the particle size as the vertical coordinate, a curve representing the grain particle size distribution is drawn.
1.1.1.4 Sifting analysis curve
sifting analysis curve
Use a test sieve to measure the weight percentage of grains (or impurities) of different particle sizes, with the size of the sieve hole as the horizontal axis and the weight percentage of grains (or impurities) on the sieve hole as the vertical axis, to draw a curve representing the distribution of grain (or impurities) particle size. 1. 1. 1. 5
Sifting scheme
Sifting scheme
Approved by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China on March 26, 1988 and implemented on July 1, 1988
GB 8874—88
The route of material flow when multiple sieve surfaces are combined. Nominal sieve width
1. 1. 1. 6
nominal sieve width
The width of the sieve plate or screen installed on the sieve grid of the screening machinery and equipment. 1.1.1.7:
Nominal sieve area
nominal sieve area
The area of ​​the sieve plate or screen installed on the sieve grid of the screening machinery and equipment (including rectangular or circular). Effective screening area
effective sieve area
The area of ​​the sieve surface not blocked by the sieve frame, stays or battens. 1. 1. 1. 9
sieve aperture
The holes on the sieve surface include round holes, square holes, triangular holes, fish scale holes and other hole types. Sieve aperture arrangement
1. 1. 1. 10
arrangement of sieve aperturesThe arrangement of sieve apertures on the sieve plate.
1.1.1.10.1In line arrangement
In line arrangement
An arrangement in which the apertures are aligned in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. 1. 1. 1. 10.2
Staggered arrangement
An arrangement in which the apertures are aligned in only one of the longitudinal and transverse directions. 1.1.1.10.3Sectional arrangement
A special arrangement of long apertures, in which several parallel apertures are grouped together and arranged in a horizontal and vertical arrangement to form a grid.
Percentage of aperture area
1. 1. 1. 11
percentage of aperture area
The percentage of the total aperture area on the screen surface to the total screen surface area. 1.1.1.12sieve clinging
The phenomenon that the screened material or impurities get stuck on the screen surface. 1.1.1.13screen blinding
The phenomenon that the screen holes are blocked by the screened material. 1. 1. 1.14
jumpup
On the screening machine, the phenomenon that the material jumps off the screen surface. 1.1.1.15running aside
1. 1. 1. 16
During the screening process, the material flows to one side of the screen surface. Angle of throw
1. 1. 1. 17
The angle between the vibration direction of the screen body and the screen surface.
inclination of sieve cover
the angle between the sieve surface and the horizontal plane.
jump up frequency
GB 8874—88
the frequency of the sieve body vibration when the material starts to jump off the sieve surface. 1. 1. 1. 19
the first critical rotative velocity
the first critical rotative velocityThe time for the material to jump once on the high-speed vibrating screen surface is exactly equal to the time required for the sieve body to vibrate once. At this time, the rotation speed of the sieve body main shaft.
1. 1. 1. 20
the second critical rotative velocity
the second critical rotative velocityThe time for the material to jump once on the high-speed vibrating screen surface is exactly equal to the time required for the sieve body to vibrate twice. At this time, the rotation speed of the sieve body main shaft.
Eccentricity
eccentricity
The vertical distance between the axis of the rotating shaft and the axis of the eccentric shaft (or sleeve). 1.1.1.22Roto-radius
Roto-radius
When the sieve body rotates stably, the trajectory of its center of gravity is a circle, and the radius of this circle is the gyration radius. 1. 1. 1. 23
amplitude
The distance from the equilibrium position to the farthest point when the sieve body vibrates (for eccentric mechanisms, its value is equal to the eccentricity). 1. 1. 1. 24
stroke
The distance between the two poles when the sieve body vibrates (for eccentric vibration mechanisms, its value is equal to twice the eccentricity). 1.1.1.25Frequency
frequency
The number of vibrations of the sieve body per second.
Screening machinery
separator
Various machines used for screening work.
1.1.2.1 Preliminary cleaning sieve
Preliminary cleaning sieve, precleaner, scalperA preliminary cleaning machine to remove large impurities and dust before raw grain and oil enter the factory and enter the warehouse. 1.1.2. 1. 1 Mesh belt precleaner
Endless screen precleaner
A precleaner that uses a sieve with square or diamond-shaped mesh woven from steel wire to remove impurities. 1.1.2.1.2 Drum precleaner
Drum sieve, drum scalper
A horizontal sieve is cantilevered and installed on the main shaft at the transmission end, and is a precleaner that performs a rotary motion to separate impurities. 1.1.2.1.3bzxZ.net
Squirrel cage sieve
scalperator
The appearance of the sieve is like a squirrel cage for initial cleaning.
1.1.2.2 Vibrating screen
GB 887488
reciprocating sieve, reciprocating separator, oscillating separator Screening machinery with longitudinal (same direction as the material flow) linear reciprocating motion. 1. 1. 2. 2. 11
Eccentric vibrating screen
eccentric oscillating separator, eccentric shaft reciprocating sieve is a vibrating screen driven by an eccentric mechanism.
1.1.2.2.2 Self-balanced vibrating screen
self balanced reciprocating sieve, self balanced separator is a vibrating screen driven by a vibration motor or a self-resonator. 1. 1. 2. 3 | | tt | Flat rotary screen
1. 1. 2. 4
rotary separator, rotary sieve classifier is a screening machine in which the screen body performs horizontal rotary motion. Flat rotary vibrating screen
1. 1.2. 52
millerator
is referred to as the flat rotary vibrating screen. The inlet end of the screen body performs horizontal rotary motion and the outlet end performs approximate longitudinal linear reciprocating motion. Screening machinery.
1. 1. 2. 6
ripple sifter, high speed vibrating separator uses the high-speed rotation of the inertial block to generate centrifugal inertia force, so that the screen body obtains vertical and horizontal directions Combined vibration conditions (i.e. two-phase vibration circular trajectory) of the screening machinery.
1.1.2.7 Circular Screen
The screen body is a horizontal circular screen, a screening machine that rotates around the axis, without a beating plate. 1.1.2.8 Hexagonal screen
hexagonal reel
The screen body is a horizontal hexagonal prism-shaped screening machine that rotates around the axis. 1. 1. 2. 9
Conical red reel
conicalred reel
The screen body is a horizontal truncated conical cylinder, the feed end is smaller than the discharge end, and the axis is Core line rotating screening machinery. 1.1.2.10 Conical hexagonal screen
conical hexagonal reel
The screen body is a horizontal truncated cone-shaped hexagonal prism, the feed end is smaller than the discharge end, and it is a screening machine that rotates around the axis. 1. 1. 2. 11
inclined surface separator, gravity sieve separator is a device that enables materials to be screened by gravity on a stationary, inclined screen surface. 1.1.3 Main components of screening machinery
Dividing device
1. 1. 3. 12
feed divider
GB 8874 --88
A device that divides the raw materials into the machine into several parts and enters each group of screen surfaces respectively. 1.1.3.2 Screen body
sieve box
The main working parts of the screening machine are the screen surface and other ancillary components. Each screening machine usually has one or two screen bodies. 1. 1. 3. 3
screen drum
The screen surface is a simple screen body, including punched screen baskets, braided screen baskets, etc. Screen surface
1. 1. 3. 4
sieve cover
is a general term for screening working parts with holes made of metal wire braiding or thin steel plate punching. 1.1.3.4.1 Sieve plate
perforated plate
A metal sheet punched with shaped sieve holes.
1.1.3.4.2 Screen
wire screen
A metal wire mesh woven into a shaped mesh.
1.1.3.4.3
Receiving sieve cover
receiving sieve cover
Separates large impurities (such as hemp) that are significantly different from grains and oil seeds Rope, big mud block, wheat straw) screen surface. 1.1.3.4.4 Large impurities screen surface
sieve cover for large impurities A screen surface that separates impurities with particle sizes larger than grains and oil seeds. 1.1.3.4.5 Small impurities screen surface
sieve cover for small impurities A screen surface that separates impurities whose particle size is smaller than grain grains and oil seeds. 1.1.3.5 Sieve frame
sieve frame
The frame for installing the screen surface.
1.1.3.5.1 Drawer type sieve
drawer type sieve
A sieve that can be pushed out from the sieve body like a drawer during assembly and disassembly. 2 Fixed sieve grid
1. 1. 3. 5. 2
stationary sieve, fixed sieve is a structural type in which the screen surface is directly fixed to the screen body. 1.1.3.6 Screen surface cleaning mechanism
sieve cover cleaning mechanism is a mechanism for cleaning the screen surface holes, usually a rubber ball or brush. 1.1.3.7 Vibration limiter
amplitude limiter
is a limiter device set up to limit the excessive increase in the amplitude of the screen body during resonance. There are three commonly used types: friction type, impact type, and spring type. 1.1.3.8 Eccentric vibration mechanism
eccentric vibratory mechanism uses a crankshaft or eccentric bushing through a connecting rod to make the screen body perform reciprocating linear motion of a specified amplitude. 207
1. 1. 3. 9
Self-balancing vibrator
self--balancing vibrator
GB8874-88
referred to as self-balancing vibrator. It is a mechanism that uses the centrifugal inertial force generated by the rotation of the biased weight to drive the screen body to move, and can automatically balance the inertial force of the screen body.
1.1.3.9.1 Horizontal dual-axis vibrator
horizontal juby vibrator
is also called the side wheel mechanism. The device is a self-balancing vibrator with two small axes in a horizontal position. 1.1.3.9.2 Vertical biaxial vibrator
Vertical juby vibrator
is also called the gravity deflection mechanism. A self-balancing vibrator with two small axes of a weighted block in a vertical position. 1.1.3.9.3 Single shaft juby vibrator
single shaft juby vibrator
A self-balancing vibrator with only one root on the rotating shaft of the device's weighted block. 1. 1. 3. 9-3. 1 ||tt | . 1.1.3.10 Vibration motor
vibratins motor
A motor equipped with a weighted block on the negative shaft. 1.1.3.11 Impurity blocking pieces
curved baffles
are long curved fins installed in the squirrel cage primary cleaning sieve to prevent long impurities from passing through the sieve and reaching the grains. purpose of separation. | |tt | The wing wheel is used to scrape off impurities, clean the screen, and send away the impurities according to the direction required by the process. | |tt |
1.2.1 Basic principles and classification
1.2.1.1Open type aspiration
Open type aspiration
A method of air separation in which the dusty airflow is completely discharged from the machine for purification. 1.2.1.2Circular type aspiration
Closed circuit type aspirationA method of air separation in which the dusty airflow is purified inside the machine and sent to the fan for circulation. 1.2.1.3Blowing type aspiration
Pressure type aspiration
A method in which the air separation of materials is carried out under positive pressure. 1. 2. 1. 4
Suction type aspiration
Suction type aspiration
GB 8874—88
A method in which the air separation of materials is carried out under negative pressure. 1.2.1.5Suspension velocity, floating velocityThe airflow velocity at which the material is kept suspended in a vertical rising airflow (the aerodynamic force it receives is equal to the gravity it receives). 1.2.1:6
Flight coefficient
coefficient of flight,flying ratioIn horizontal airflow, the ratio of the horizontal pressure on the material to the gravity on the object. Aerodynamic properties
1. 2. 1.7
aerodynamic property
The mechanical properties of an object in a moving airflow can be expressed by the magnitude of the suspension velocity and the flight coefficient. 1.2.2 Equipment and main components
1.2.2.1 Air separator
aspirator
A general term for equipment that uses the difference in the aerodynamic properties of materials to remove impurities or classify. 1.2.2.1.1 Suction type aspirator
suction type aspirator,duo-aspiratorA suction type aspirator,duo-aspiratorA suction type aspirator that uses a vertical air duct to sort materials under negative pressure. Commonly used are circular suction type aspirators, vertical suction ducts, etc.
1.2.2.1.2 Blowing type aspirator
pressure type aspirator
A wind selector that uses a heavy straight air duct to sort materials under positive pressure. 1. 2. 2. 1. 3
Circulating wind selector
closed circuit aspirator , self-contained aspiratorA wind selector that uses circulating airflow to sort. 1.2.2.2Wind box
winnower
Wind sorting equipment that uses horizontal or inclined airflow to sort materials in the wind selection chamber. 1.2.2.2.1Suction type winnower
Suction type winnower
A wind box that sorts materials under negative pressure, generally without its own fan. 1.2.2.2.2 Pressure type winnower A wind box with wide blades and used to sort materials under positive pressure. 1. 2. 2. 2. 3 Circulation wind box Closed circuit winnower A wind box with wide blades and used to sort materials with circulating airflow. 1.2.2.3 Air channel Air channel inside a machine or equipment. Settling chamber Expansion chamber, settling chamber Space in a winnower where gravity is used to settle light impurities. 1.2.2.5 Flap valve GB 8874--88 Flap valve, seriate discharge valves Multiple small movable doors arranged in a row at the bottom of a settling chamber for discharging light impurities and blocking airflow. 1.3 Dry specific gravity separation
dry specific gravity separation, dry separation by specific gravity is a process or method to remove impurities or sort grains in air by using the difference in specific gravity between materials and impurities (or between materials) with the help of airflow and screen surface. 1.3.1 Equipment
1.3.1.1 Specific gravity stoner
dry stoner, specific gravity stoner is a dry processing machine that uses the difference in specific gravity and suspension speed between materials and impurities to separate stones (stones with shapes and sizes similar to grains) with the help of airflow and screen surface.
1.3.1.1.1 Blowing type specific gravity stoner
pressure type dry stoner, pressure type gravity stoner is a specific gravity stoner with its own fan, which works under positive pressure. Suction type dry stoner
1. 3. 1. 1. 2
suction type dry stoner,suction type gravity stonerA gravity stoner that works under negative pressure. 1.3.1.2 Gravity classifier
gravity selector
Equipment that uses the difference in material specific gravity and suspension speed to grade and remove sand and gravel with the help of airflow and screen surface. 1.3.2 Main components and others
1.3.2.1Shutter sieve
shutter sieve,crimped'wire woven mesh,crimped wire nettingThe main components of the gravity stoner are used for sand and gravel separation, including fish scale perforated plate and bent wire woven screen. 1.3.2.2Stone accumulating zone
The area where sand and gravel are accumulated on the triangular section of the stone sieve surface of the gravity stoner. Stone detection device
stone detective device
A detection device for recovering grains from the leftover sand and stone, and also for discharging the sand and stone out of the machine. Air hook device
1. 3. 2. 4
air uniform device
A device for evenly distributing the airflow on the working surface of the air duct. 1.3.2.52
Air uniform plate
air uniform plate
A sieve plate located between the fan and the stone removal screen of the specific gravity stone removal machine, which produces different resistances by virtue of the different sizes of the punched holes in each section of the plate, thus playing the role of uniform airflow.
6Equal width sieve of stoner
1. 3. 2. 6
equal width sieve of stoner
Refers to the sections of the specific gravity stone removal machine with the same width (i.e. the stone removal part). 1.3.2.7
Nominal rectangular area
refers to the area of ​​a section of equal width of the specific gravity stone removal screen surface, excluding the triangular section and the sand and gravel inspection screen surface. 210
1.4 Magnetic separation
magnetic separation
GB 8874—88
The process or method of removing magnetic impurities from grain and oil by magnetic attraction. 1.4.1 Magnetic steel
permanent magnet, magnetic steel Special steel that has been magnetized. Horseshoe-shaped magnetic steel is commonly used in grain and oil enterprises. 1.4.2 Ferrite permanent magnet block
ferrite
Permanent magnet that is sintered and formed by iron, barium, strontium, calcium, etc. according to a certain formula and then magnetized. 1.4.3 Magnetic barrier
magnetic barrier
Magnetic separation equipment with permanent magnets concentrated in a barrier shape, installed in an inclined chute. 1.4.4
Cascade magnet
Magnetic separation equipment with the working magnetic poles arranged in a ladder shape. 1.4.5 Plate magnetic separator
inclined plane magnet
Magnetic separation equipment with the working magnetic poles arranged in a flat plate shape. 1.4.6 Permanent magnet tube
pipe magnetic separator,The vertical spoute magnet consists of a straight pipe and a concentrically installed simple permanent magnet with one end tapered. The magnet can be moved outside the pipe for cleaning when the door is opened.
Permanent magnet roller
rotary magnet separator
The rotating roller adopts permanent magnets, which can automatically remove the attracted magnetic metal during operation. 1.4.8 | | tt | 1.4.9 Magnetic steel suction force
magnetic force
The weight of magnetic metal objects that each piece of magnet can absorb, expressed in kg/piece. 1.5 Cleaning equipment process efficiency index
1.5.1 Impurity removal rate
impurities removing efficiency The percentage of impurities contained in raw grains and oils removed by cleaning equipment. Various impurities should be calculated separately. Impurity removal rate (%) = Impurity content rate after entering the machine × 1001.5.2 Grain (oil) content rate in the residue
Impurity rate entering the machine
grain (oil seed )content in screenings, rate of grain (oil seed)content in screenings (impurities removed by cleaning equipment) The ratio of the full grain (oil seed) in the sample to the weight of the sample, expressed in grains/dry grams or percentage.
1.5.3 Production
capacity, the amount of raw grain (oil) cleaned out by the processing capacity cleaning equipment unit during the actual working time, expressed in kg/h. 211 | , expressed by the following formula: output per unit screening area (kg/m'·h) = total nominal screening area of ​​cleaned raw grain (di material)
1.5.5 unit screen width output
capacity per unit sieve width, capacity per unit width of screening The amount of raw grain (oil) cleaned per unit nominal screen width, expressed by the following formula: output per unit screen width (kg/cm·h) =
1.5.6 Power consumption | |tt||power consumption, electricity consumption Amount of raw grain (oil) after cleaning
Hoof surface nominal width /ton means. 1. 5. 7
utilization reliability,reliability of nse equipment actual working time as a percentage of the total actual working time and failure time, expressed by the following formula: actual working time||tt| |Maij Engineering Xie Jian Half Setup Time The amount of raw grain (oil) cleaned by stone machines, air separators and other cleaning equipment per unit time and per unit nominal width is expressed in kg/cm·h. || tt | Amount, expressed in kg/mh.
2 Mechanical conveying
mechanical conveying
2.1 Belt conveyor
belt conveyor, band conveyor The frame is equipped with rollers at both ends, and the tensioned belt is used as a load and continuous conveying equipment for traction components. 2.1.1 General terms
2.1.1.7 Carrying branch
carrying run, corrying belt
The part of the conveyor belt that bears the material when it is working. 2.1.1.2 Unloaded branch
return run
The part of the conveyor belt that does not bear materials when it is working. 2.1.1.3 Feeding section
feeding section
The section from where the material contacts the conveyor belt to where the material speed reaches the speed of the conveyor belt. 2. 1. 1. 4
straight section
straight section
2. 1. 1. 5
2. 1. 1. 6||tt| |GB 8874—88
The section where the conveyor belt is in a straight state when the belt conveyor is operating normally. Curved section
curved section
The section where the conveyor belt turns.
Grain layer cross-sectional area
cross-sectional area of ​​bulk grain, cross-section of grain The cross-sectional area of ​​the material on the conveyor belt.
belt width
The width of the conveyor belt, expressed in millimeters.
2.1.1.8 Belt speed
belt speed
The linear speed of the conveyor belt during operation, unit: m/s. Maximum inclination angle
2. 1. 1. 9
maximun angle of inclination,maximun slope angle is the maximum angle between the conveyor belt and the horizontal plane under the premise of ensuring the normal operation of the belt conveyor load. 2.1.1.10 Conveyor belt sag
belt sag, sag
The maximum vertical distance between the sagging part of the conveyor belt between the two rollers and the tangent plane of the vertices of the two rollers. 2. 1. 1. 11
Moving resistance
main tesistance, moving resistance is the general term for various resistances when the conveyor belt is working. Conveyor belt tension
2. 1. 1. 12
belt tension
The longitudinal tension that the conveyor belt bears.
Linear load
linear load
The weight of the material carried per unit length on the load-bearing branch, unit: kg/m. Minimum belt tension
2. 1. 1. 14
minimum belt tension
The minimum tension to ensure that the sag of the conveyor belt does not exceed the allowable value. 2. 1. 1. 15
minimum tension point
minimum belt tension point
When the belt conveyor is working, the position where the minimum tension of the conveyor belt is located. 2.1.1.16 Maximum tension
maximum belt tension
The maximum longitudinal tension on the conveyor belt. 2. 1. 1. 17
Maximum tension point
maximum belt tension point
When the belt conveyor is working, the position where the maximum tension of the conveyor belt is located. 2.1.1.18 Tension diagram of conveying belt
tension diagram of conveying belt represents the graph of the tension at each point of the conveyor belt.
2.1.1.19 Tension force
tension, tensile force
GB 8874-88
The sum of the tensions at both ends of the conveyor belt on the tensioning roller. 2.1.1.20 Traction force
drawing force, driving force
The difference in tension between the two ends of the conveyor belt on the driving roller. Spacing
2.1. 1.21
idlers pitch,carrier spacing The center distance between two adjacent rollers.
2.1. 1.22
sideslip
The phenomenon that the conveyor belt slides to one side during movement. 2.1.1.23
Stroke of tension, take-up distance The distance that the tensioning device can adjust.
2.1.2 Name of belt conveyor
Belt conveyor
2. 1. 2. 1
rubber belt conveyor
Belt conveyor with rubber belt as traction and load-bearing component. 2.1.2.1.1 Fixed rubber belt conveyor
fixed rubber belt conveyor ,stationary rubber belt conveyor Belt conveyor fixed on the ground or building. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2
Mobile rubber belt conveyor
mobile rubber belt conveyor,movable rubber belt conveyorA belt conveyor that can be moved arbitrarily on the ground. 2.1.2.1.2.1Horizontal rubber belt conveyor
horizontal rubber belt conveyorA belt conveyor whose conveyor belt is parallel to the horizontal plane. 2.1.2.1.2.2Inclined rubber belt conveyor
inclined rubber belt conveyorA belt conveyor whose conveyor belt has a certain angle with the horizontal plane. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2. 3
Rotating rubber belt conveyor
Rotating rubber belt conveyor.A belt conveyor whose frame can be rotated horizontally on the base. 2.1.2.1.2.4
Telescopic rubber belt conveyor
Telescopic rubber belt conveyorA belt conveyor with adjustable frame length. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2. 52
Lift rubber belt conveyor
Also called climbing belt conveyor. A belt conveyor with adjustable frame height. 2. 1.2.1.2.6Self-propelled rubber belt conveyorA mobile belt conveyor with a power-driven walking mechanism. 214
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