This standard specifies the basic requirements for the purpose, target, content, method, assessment and implementation of radiation protection training for medical radiation workers. This standard applies to radiation protection training for all workers engaged in the medical application of ionizing radiation. GBZ/T 149-2002 Specification for Health Protection Training for Medical Radiation Workers GBZ/T149-2002 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

Ics13.100
National occupational health standard of the People's Republic of China GBZ/T149-2002
Regulation of radiological protection training for the medical radiation workers workers2002-04-08 Issued
Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China
2002-06-01 Implementation
1 Scope
2 Target of protection training
3 Purpose of protection training
4 Training before and during the post
5 Content of protection training
6 Method of protection training
7 Assessment
8 Implementation of protection training
Appendix A (Informative Appendix)
Optional outline of radiation protection training content Appendix B (Informative Appendix) Examples of special protection training courses -
This standard is formulated in accordance with the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases". From the date of implementation of this standard, the original standard WS/T74-1996 will be invalidated at the same time.
Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are informative appendices. This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Health.
This standard was drafted by the Institute of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Medicine of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Institute of Radiation Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
The main drafters of this standard are Zheng Gouzheng and Lu Zhengfu. The Ministry of Health is responsible for interpreting this standard
1 Scope
Health protection training specifications for medical radiation workers
GBZ/T149-2002
This standard specifies the basic requirements for the purpose, objects, content, methods, assessment and implementation of radiation protection training for medical radiation workers.
This standard applies to radiation protection training for all workers engaged in the medical application of ionizing radiation. 2 Protection training targets
2.1 All personnel engaged in the medical application of ionizing radiation are the targets of radiation protection training. 2.2 In addition to the knowledge of radiation protection that must be possessed by occupational radiation workers such as medical diagnostic X-ray workers, nuclear medicine workers, and radiotherapy workers, all relevant professionals, trainees, and relevant managers in medical, scientific research, and teaching units engaged in the medical application of ionizing radiation must also receive general training on basic radiation protection knowledge. 3 Purpose of protection training
3.1 The purpose of protection training is to improve the awareness of the importance of radiation safety among all types of medical radiation workers, enhance protection awareness, master protection technology, minimize unnecessary exposure, avoid accidents, protect the health and safety of workers, examinees, patients, and the public, and ensure that the medical application of ionizing radiation obtains the best benefits. 3.2 Basic requirements for protection training:
a) Have a correct understanding of the benefits and harms of the medical application of ionizing radiation, and prevent paralysis and fear; b) Understand the main contents of relevant radiation protection regulations and standards, and master the basic principles of radiation protection; c) Understand and master the principles and methods of reducing the radiation dose of workers and examinees, as well as the correct use of relevant protection facilities and protective supplies; d) Understand possible abnormal exposure and its emergency measures 4 Pre-job and on-the-job training
4.1 Medical radiation workers must receive radiation protection training before taking up their posts, and are only eligible to participate in the corresponding work after passing the assessment.
4.2 Medical school students should receive radiation protection knowledge training before entering professional internships related to radiation work. 4.3 All types of medical radiation workers should receive regular retraining while on the job. 5 Protection training content
5.1 The content and depth of protection training should be determined according to the training objects, nature of work and conditions. The outline of radiation protection training content and special training courses listed in Appendix A and Appendix B are for reference. 5.2 In the protection training of medical radiation workers, emphasis should be placed on the protection of examinees and patients. The justification judgment and optimization analysis of medical exposure must be listed as important contents of protection training. 5.3 The protection training content of workers exposed to medical open radioactive sources must include knowledge of internal radiation protection and radioactive waste disposal.
5.4 The quality assurance of X-ray diagnosis, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy should be included in the protection training courses of corresponding medical radiation workers.
6 Protection training methods
6.1 Protection training should be carried out in a corresponding manner according to the specific situation of the training objects and the nature of their work, such as classroom teaching, on-site internship and personal learning. And pay attention to making full use of various audio-visual teaching materials. The length of training time depends on the actual situation. 6.2 Classroom teaching can focus on basic knowledge and systematically teach common content: training courses can also be held with a certain topic as the content.
6.3 On-site internships are mainly based on practical operations, focusing on cultivating trainees to master protection skills. 6.4 Individual learning should be organized by the unit where they are located and appropriate teaching materials should be selected, unified requirements should be put forward, and each person should make their own arrangements. 7 Assessment
7.1 Basic knowledge of radiation health protection should be included in the content of the professional assessment of medical radiation workers. 7.2 New personnel who participate in medical radiation work must obtain a radiation protection training certificate recognized by the local health administrative department before they are qualified to work.
7.3 Medical radiation workers should be assessed on radiation protection knowledge and skills every three years or so. 8 Implementation of protection training
8.1 Administrative leaders of medical, scientific research and teaching units engaged in the medical application of ionizing radiation should be responsible for the protection training of their units, implement the formulation and implementation of radiation protection training plans from an organizational perspective, and regularly check the training results. 8.2 The radiation health protection agencies designated by local health administrative departments must be responsible for supervising and assisting relevant units to do a good job in protection training, and at the same time establish a team that is capable of teaching and assessing protection training. 8.3 Protection training teachers should not only have good theoretical qualities, but also have rich practical experience. 8.4 Archives should be established for the radiation protection training of medical radiation workers to record their skill levels, training courses, assessment results, etc. The retention period of these records depends on the type of archive. Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Outline of optional radiation protection training contentA1 Nuclear structure and radioactive decay
A2 Characteristics of ionizing radiation and its interaction with matterA3 Amounts and units of ionizing radiation
A4 Natural and artificial sources of ionizing radiation
Radiobiological effects
Intake, metabolism and promotion of radioactive substancesPurpose and tasks of radiation protection
Radiation protection standards
Radiation protection regulations
Occupational exposure and staff protection
Quality assurance of medical exposure and patient protectionProtection against external exposure
Protection against internal exposure
Safe operation technology
Radiation protection facilities and auxiliary protective supplies
Personal dose monitoring
Site and environmental protection monitoring| |tt||Radiation accidents and their handling
Prevention and treatment of radiation damage
—2—
A20 Radioactive waste treatment
A21 Removal of radioactive contamination on the surface of objects
Health management of radiation workers
Appendix B
(Informative appendix)bzxz.net
Examples of special protection training courses
B1 Radiation protection training course for medical X-ray diagnostic workers Working principle of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment, development of X-ray diagnostic technology, protection performance of X-ray diagnostic equipment and its monitoring methods, radiation health protection standards for medical X-ray diagnosis and relevant protection management regulations, additional protective equipment and auxiliary protective supplies, protection of workers, protection of examinees, quality assurance of X-ray diagnosis, protection of special types of X-ray examinations, accident prevention and handling. B2 Protection training course for workers operating open radiation sources Radiopharmaceuticals, radionuclide generators, opening and packaging of radioactive materials, transportation and storage of radioactive materials, radioactive waste disposal, internal radiation protection, external radiation protection, protection of workers, subjects and patients, protection monitoring, internal radiation dose estimation, quality assurance of nuclear medicine, protective equipment and protective supplies, relevant protection standards and protection management regulations: prevention and removal of contamination, accident prevention and handling. B3 Radiation protection training course for radiotherapy workers Radiotherapy sources, working principles of radiotherapy equipment, protection performance of radiotherapy equipment and its monitoring methods, physical basis and radiobiological basis of radiotherapy, tumor radiotherapy positioning technology, tumor radiotherapy dose, quality assurance of radiotherapy, relevant protection standards and protection management regulations, protection of workers, protection of patients, accident prevention and handling. 3
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