GB/T 11348.5-2002 Measurement and evaluation of radial vibration of rotating machinery shafts Part 5: Hydropower plants and pumping station units
Some standard content:
1C8 17. 160
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 11348.52002
idt 1so 7919-5: 1997
Mechanical vihration of non-reciprocating machinesMeasurements on rotating shafts and evaluation criteriaPart 5: Machine sels in hydraulic puwer Generating and pumping plants
2002-0520 issued
People's Republic of China
National Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
2002-12-01 implementation
G5/y1348.5-2C02
This standard is the fifth part of the series of standards GB/T1.31% for the measurement and evaluation of radial vibration of rotating machinery. It is equivalent to the international standard TS7H9-S:9 Development and evaluation criteria for testing and testing rotating shafts of non-reciprocating machines Part = distribution: Hydropower plant and pump station group.
The technical content of this standard is the same as that of 1507919-5:1997. Except for the reference to Chapter 2 in the appendix of 1507319-5:1997, this standard specifies the convenient test criteria for the determination of the shaft load of the units of hydropower stations in my country, the determination of the load limit value and the derivation value of 501-519.
The appendix B of this standard is attached as an appendix.
This standard is issued by China Machinery Industry Federation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the China Machinery Industry Federation. This standard was drafted by Harbin Machinery Research Institute, and was drafted by the Ministry of Science and Technology Machinery Research Institute, Dongfang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hubei Electric Power Research Institute, Ruzhouba Hydropower Plant, and Wuhan Steam Turbine Generator Plant. The main authors of this standard are: Yao Dashen, Han Guoming, Chao Guiwen, Qian Jian Gei, Gan Pai Ren, Liu Qingxin, Yue Hongbing, H/T11348.52002
ISO
S Xing International Standard Organization: Jingshan International Federation of Standardization (with) member bodies. The work of determining the international standard is completed by the technical requirements of the Changshan 1S training committee. Each member group has confirmed the work of its technical personnel and has confirmed the standard items. It also maintains contact with all international (official or non-official) members. Before the international standard is formally adopted by the International Electrotechnical Commission and the International Electrotechnical Commission, it must be submitted to the member bodies for voting in batches. According to the 1S training process, the international standard must be approved by at least 76% of the members voting before it can be officially adopted. International Standard 15) 7919-5 is a standard formulated by the S2 Mechanical Vibration and Shock Technology Group (S2 - Measurement and Assessment of Mechanical Vibration and Shock of Machines, Vehicles and Structures)! The general topic is the measurement and evaluation of the mechanical dynamic shaft of non-base machines. It is based on the following parts: Part 1: General
... Part 2: Large steam turbine generator sets installed on land Part 1: Gas turbine sets
. Part 1: Water jet generator sets! The research and development of the standard for the correction of the mechanical and electrical equipment in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants is the appendix of the standard, which is the standard 1 and the standard "Ni" indicated. 1 Standard
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Measurement and evaluation of radial vibration of rotating shafts of rotating machines Part 5: Mechanicel +lbrntlon of non-reciprocatlng machinesMeesurements on rotating shalts and evaluation crlterisPart 5.Machine seis in hydraulic power generatingand pumping plants
This standard specifies the measurement and evaluation criteria for radial vibration of mechanical and electrical equipment in hydraulic power generating plants GB/T 11348.52002
idt1s)7919-5.1997
This standard is applicable to the measurement and evaluation of the vibration of the bearings or near the bearings of hydroelectric power stations. This standard measures and evaluates the vibration of the rotating shaft from two aspects: one is the dynamic value of the wheel state operation, and the other is the system safety that can occur during stable operation. The specified value is not for dynamic evaluation. Each rotating bearing surface (/111348.1) This standard applies to permanent power generation and Beijing station maintenance, with a rated speed of ~8m, a simple bearing type, and a gear ratio of 1MW. The position of the shaft load can be vertical, horizontal or at any angle to these two directions. This standard applies to the following units:) Water tank machine hydro-generator:
East and the motor running as an electric motor;
) Water source-turbine and motor-generator! Including pumping power generation equipment such as starting turbines or frequency resources on the load. According to the six standards, it is applicable to the turbine or pump connected to the generator or the engine through a gear or oil pump. The speed certificate is: 200~1%0r/min. The horse control limit /11348.3 is currently specified. The standard is not used for the following machines:
:) Thermal power! or two business equipment 1. system (see 131_345.3) b) ditch with shaft water machine:
water agent device
Yongli power plant and unit shaft exploration movement of the Zong and the clause: relocation of the A dismantling of the dynamic sustainability of the change:
) in the service: plan large flash installation:
e our service, the source of the supervision of the thank you
2 quoted standard %
small list of research and development of the provisions contained in the other, through the wooden mark in the correct use of the surface structure for the wooden mark elimination of the text. This standard product version, the latest version than the effective. All standards will be covered by this standard. The use of this standard discusses the need for a new version of the standard. The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China approved on May 20, 2007 at 12:01 am GB/T1134B-5-2002 GB/T6073.11994 (IDS) 1081-1, 1995) Measurement and evaluation of mechanical properties of non-rotating parts - Part 1: General CB/T118 48.1-1999 (idt JSO7919-1:1996) Measurement and evaluation of radial vibration of rotating shafts of rotating machinery Part 1 General principles (/T1:343.3-1999 Measurement and evaluation of radial vibration of rotating machinery Part 3 Combined industrial machinery (GB/T17:R9-1997 Field test procedures for vibration and spherical motion of hydraulic machines 1510817-1:1989 Shear limit values for radial vibration of rotating shafts Part 1: Measurement of relative and absolute signals of radial vibration of rotating shafts 3 Measurement method
The measurement method and the instrument to be used shall be as specified in GB/1548.1 and GB171. 3.1 The relative displacement sensor for the shaft of the hydraulic unit shall be a non-contact displacement sensor. For relative displacement measurement, the sensor is preferably mounted directly on the bearing. If the sensor is not mounted on the bearing support or on the shaft (this is often the case for vertical machines), it must be noted that the relative movement between the shaft and the sensor should be much smaller than the movement of the shaft, otherwise the signal will not represent the relative movement between the shaft and the bearing. For absolute vibration measurement, the sensor must be mounted on a special structure, such as a generator or turbine: the signal obtained by the sensor can only represent the absolute vibration of the shaft if the absolute displacement of the support structure at the sensor fixing point is less than 19% of the peak-to-peak value and does not exceed 25m per day. For the sensor support structure, the maximum inherent frequency of the maximum displacement that can be produced in the distance between the sensor and the load cell should be greater than the rotational speed frequency.The absolute vibration of the average inertial vibration is usually controlled by using an inertial sensor. Its installation position should be as close as possible to the displacement sensor and other directions. The displacement of the shaft is evaluated by calculating the readings obtained from the busy sensor group. In addition to the movement of the rotating drawer, the movement of the auxiliary seat must be monitored from time to time. However, the movement of the drawer bearing is strictly prohibited when measured on the bearing warehouse rigidly fixed in the factory building. Sometimes the product is produced by the demand for direct force transmitted to the stove. The displacement is caused by the dismantling of the guide before the product is disassembled.
3.2 Measurement
For the dynamic load of the machine, it is required to test all the main bearings of the machine. The sensors should be installed in the same position as much as possible. For vertical machines, the measurement direction should be 45° to the vertical direction. For horizontal machines, the measurement direction should be 45° to the vertical direction. If only one measurement is required, under certain circumstances, especially for machines with more than 4 bearings, the measurement plane should be selected at the lowest possible level. The measurement plane is selected based on the dynamic characteristics analysis. All types of accidents and disturbances should be considered. The best plane should be sufficient to produce significant vibration when the disturbance occurs. For the vertical direction, the sensor is required to be installed near the machine or at a position that can reproduce the relevant requirements. In particular, when the measuring stop is in the machine and the relevant part is marked, they can not get the transmission data of the door surface,
wire: when the instrument is marked, it is important to add the flange number at the place where the light line is distributed. The center node of the bearing surface is also very important. The true deformation of the dynamic and energy lines will be estimated. 3.3 The performance of the measuring instrument with
disk should comply with the requirements of S)13817-1 and GR/T17189. The measuring instrument must meet the requirements of the room for small mechanical vibration. It should be from 74 of the rated speed of the machine to 2 times the frequency of the water bucket or the rise and fall of the
flux system. The isolation value range should be at least the range or the interference reduction limit value (see Appendix A (Standard Energy Appendix) A2) so that the alarm under the two-state operation can be accurately monitored. 4 Evaluation criteria
4.? Turbine operation products
GD/T11348.52002
Under the turbine operation conditions, the evaluation criteria for the dynamic value and vibration amplitude change of the machine torque are listed in the following table. They are in accordance with the general provisions of GB11343.1:
For the characteristics of the vibration trajectory of the rotating shaft of the Wenzhou turbine, the recommended measurement value is the maximum value of the vibration displacement without scanning. Most people need to measure the system with the maximum peak-to-peak value of the standard displacement between the source and the source (then G11348.1>, so the displacement amplitude evaluation criteria need to be determined by direct measurement. These criteria are generally used in the turbine. Units with speeds between 60 and 1990 1/11 shall operate within the permitted steady load conditions. If the unit is designed to accommodate certain special conditions, this standard shall apply to these special load conditions. In addition to the restrictions given in the first paragraph, this standard is applicable to all types of turbine-driven cylinder units. This standard does not cover any type of turbine, head and power. For high-end turbines (such as hydraulic turbines), the speed of the turbine will be lower. For hydraulic turbines, this design takes into account the optimal design of the turbine and the hydraulic system runner. Therefore, the actual length of the flexible shaft can be higher than the specified value.
4.2 Operating conditions in Beijing
There are not enough numbers available to formulate standards for the operating conditions of the turbine system before the end of the month. This standard will be supplemented when it is finalized. 4.3 Operating conditions
The following operating conditions must be noted:
) Low load and overload operating conditions, as well as abnormal operating conditions during start-up and shutdown. 6) Excessive operating conditions, such as emergency shutdown, ground load, heat and pump-turbine operation: These operating conditions are much more accurate than operating conditions within the specified load range. There is not enough data and experience to limit these operating conditions to specific conditions. The lower the rated operating conditions, the greater the disturbance to the flow in the hydraulic turbine. The more noise generated by the random vibration components such as vortex and eddy currents. The water density is large, the more random the turbine is compared to the steam turbine. Outside the specified load range, the shaft vibration is not completely covered by the random vibration components. In special operation, there are random points, so we should rely less on the time value and more on the average value. This average value must be the average value of the rotating shaft 1. Note: The total output of the machine dynamic state is also defined as the state of the machine dynamic state. The two left and right measuring disks on the rotating parts are also defined in GB/T 60.1.
1 Introduction
GR/T1348-52C02
Appendix A
Evaluation criteria for relative vibration of the rotating shaft of the hydraulic unit under specified operating conditions The relative vibration of the rotating shaft of the hydraulic unit bearing or near the shaft rate is determined based on the following two criteria:
During normal operation, the machine relies on the public operation requirements of the vibration amplitude control One of the certain limits, this limit is acceptable to the people on the river before the movement of the war fairy and the machine parts have enough viscosity to the barrier. For those who still know the language performance of the expansion (such as the disconnection model), this criterion will eventually be the evaluation of the ritual instrument: even if there is no mountain beyond the limit of the appropriateness of the range, but the change of the amplitude can be widely received by the initial loss of the ring or some other abnormal conditions. Therefore, these relative to the value of the change of the test is not allowed to exceed the limit. 42 criterion 1: transfer logic under the condition Figure A1 shows the perturbation amplitude at rated speed and the maximum displacement S. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. The value of the displacement at the maximum displacement S. is given in Figure A2. Workers say, pay attention to the emergence of large vibrations,: Figure! And the speed of the belt of the family according to the traditional public mining line at the end of the plan only in the left in the incubation of the transfer mode, to achieve the control of the long-term learning operation of the machine has the obstacle, therefore, the war to seek production and defense style into the district into the heart of the Fang boundary, || tt || Figure A user and period A2 in the East dynamic value corresponding to the real meaning of the 4 diagram area: area or war A: new exchange what makes the old control device according to the dynamic full also in this area: district city R, the belt is considered to be demolished in the north The machines in zone C can be operated for an unlimited long time; Zone C: It is generally believed that the machines in this zone should not be operated for a long time without power. When there is a chance to repair the machine in this state for a limited period of time, [or: It is generally recognized that the machine in the area is already very damaged, so the machine boundary requirements are not as accurate as the acceptance criteria. The manufacturer and the user of the old machine will be selected. We will start the zone efficiency limit value as the criterion 1 to avoid serious production failures and unrealistic requirements. In addition, for special machines, the time limit may be higher (lower). In this case, the machine manufacturer has a staff member responsible for marking the machine, especially to ensure that the machine is running with a higher recording safety enterprise:
Note that the machine is marked with "pre-load", which can be used in zone A or zone A, and the new number and new parts are kept under the same standard. 12.1 Operating limit values
In order to ensure long-term operation, the general practice is to determine the individual values - these limit values are as follows: Alarm value: Warning value: Warning that the unit has been damaged or a major vibration has occurred. This plan may require compensatory measures. After the report appears, the unit can continue to operate for a period of time in order to clarify the cause of the vibration and determine the compensatory measures. Machine value: Exceeding the individual vibration value will cause damage to the unit. If the unit is shut down, the driver should immediately take standard action or immediately implement the standard operation:
Due to the difference in net and dynamic loads, different test positions and questions can be used to determine different applicable limit values: 42.2 Setting of alarm values
GB/T11348.5:2002
For different machines, there may be a lot of changes, so the general baseline value is not the alarm value. This base value is determined based on experience with a specific unit or equipment. The alarm value is equal to 3 of the upper limit of the zone H. If the baseline value is too low, the alarm value may be below the upper limit of the zone. For example, the alarm value of a unit should be based on experience with similar units or the agreed acceptance value. After a period of operation, the base value is established under a stable state, and then the alarm value is adjusted accordingly. In any case, the alarm value cannot exceed 1 of the upper limit of the zone.25 times, if the steady-state baseline changes (such as the larger you! The temporary alarm value must be replaced accordingly. For the driver, the old suffers from the different load directions and the different positions and directions of the load can be considered to determine the alarm potential value.
42.3 Setting of the memory value
The shutdown section is related to the mechanical integrity of the machine and depends on the design performance of the machine. The performance refers to the ability of the machine to withstand unusual loads. Therefore, for all machines of similar design: the test value is generally the same, and is usually related to the baseline value used to set the alarm potential value under the steady-state state:
Of course, the machine is not careful, and no stable planning criteria for setting the temporary value are given. Numbers come That is, the shutdown signal level is at or (within 1 gram or 1, they can exceed 1.5 times the area, 42.4 gram temperature is carried out. Remember
When the Kai machine is running outside the load range, the alarm and shutdown function must be solved. If these conditions are reached, the machine must be monitored and the second set of alarm values and allowable machine values must be selected according to the development data during the machine trial operation. A3 criterion: The vibration isolation tube changes
sometimes the actual amplitude signal is small and large: the previous guard reading) even if it exceeds the limit value set by the person in the 2nd medium term, measures must be taken, because it indicates that the part 4 can move or release, and it may be a sign of a serious release. Therefore. This standard is based on the concept of stability and repeatable operating conditions. The estimated change of the total vibration value under the condition of the machine must be studied. The following rules are stipulated for the change of the root vibration value. It is provided that it does not cause the expected change due to the change of the working condition: the external training quantity of the vibration value change: if the shaft carrying amplitude is greater than the working limit of area B, then the net vibration value will not increase or decrease. The machine should take measures to check the damage of the original source. If there is a serious problem, take appropriate measures. The driver should then detect the maximum vibration value and determine whether it has stabilized under the new condition. However, the machine should not be re-determined. It must be noted that this criterion has a monthly limit. The four components may have a large change in the relative rate under the condition, but the importance of these changes is not reflected in the total vibration signal. The speed change gives some indication of potential problems and further analysis is needed using measuring instruments and analyzers. These can only reveal the specific frequency of the failure according to the situation, especially the speed regulation and twice the speed. The application of other instruments often requires special recognition. This measurement standard has been formulated beyond the scope of this standard (see GR/111346.1 and GB/T[7139]. 6
GB/T1734B.52002
Special end)
Water-cooled small machine or unit shaft cabinet Liu Yan dynamic road mechanical maximum value recommended evaluation area (applicable to the water-cooled machine operation under the steady-state load permitted by the system) 1 t00
tiR2T 11348-52002
Figure 2 Relative displacement of hydraulic machine or sinker - light but recommended evaluation area (state ten contract Xuchuan stable drawing of hydraulic machine on load) B1 Introduction
GR/T11348-52002
(Recommended record)
Dynamic characteristics of hydraulic machine shaft
The mechanism of shaft vibration has been explained in detail in B/T-34.1. They are mainly based on wide-band vibration theory and experimental research on horizontal machines. So far, there are not many vertical machines, while most hydraulic units are vertical. For hydraulic machines, the vibration of the rotating shaft can occur in a wide frequency band. The reasons are as follows: the reasons are misalignment, uneven bearing rotation, unstable oil film, friction, the impeller and the engine are unbalanced or the rotation rate is unbalanced. Note: The excessive oil extraction caused by the shaft cannot be adjusted due to the unbalanced state of the electrical equipment, etc. The single effect is to release the harm and its harmonic chamber, BA hydraulic reasons
) The flow rate (hydraulic imbalance) can appear according to the reverse rate, the blade and the flow rate (the product of the blade number or the guide vane effect and the speed lock rate and the various combinations of these frequencies,) the total water pipe pressure is pulsating water flow instability, for the test turbine, and the maximum output range, the exhaust makes the stable operation of the exhaust gas pump 1 will produce the kidney pressure pulsation. The frequency band of the repair is as low as 1/3~11 of the speed frequency. It may stimulate the small structure (pipe! The guide vane changes with the blood pressure small pulsation.) Steam is caused by the state of the impeller or the impeller blades: usually occurs in the relatively negative area, and the frequency that can appear is high, such as the frequency of bursting.
) The self-excitation alarm also affects the flow of water through the components such as blades, guide vanes, etc. The shape of the water outlet is improperly made: the number of possible occurrences ranges from dozens of vehicles (take the following cross-sectional dimensions and flow details), and the self-excitation alarm of the previous product can be observed. It occurs when there are common machine parts (such as traction. Reverse palace, broken> Fan color movement can affect the water energy flowing through it, and the possible problem rate is slightly higher. The problem is caused by the inherent characteristics of the blade and the rotating system. H5 plus the stealing brand
In the instantaneous operation of these belts during startup and shutdown, the land excitation force interacts with the soft wheel, resulting in a higher frequency vibration of the soft wheel. In the negative situation, the fast-axis Wei type turbine must withstand the pulsation of the water intelligence, such as the large concentric lack of reverse vibration. In the corresponding Similar conditions (especially the size of the shaft with two bearings) will occur when the water is reduced to a similar level. I want to select a package that will have a rotor solidification rate that corresponds to the figure. The analysis of the state of operation is to divide the shutdown of the machine part to provide the expected advantages of the ancient end operation work. The total shutdown time of the emergency accident: this book requires a wide frequency band of micro-proof in the shaft of the new micro-connection of the small unit to increase the use of the new micro-connection. The use of the shaft is usually not sealed. The whole system appears in the state of operation. The thrust of the hydraulic machine can be avoided by the end or more of the shape, and its size is within the specified limit. Unlike thermal turbines, it does not affect the stability of the shaft oil cavity due to the self-excited friction caused by the air flow change. When the hydraulic machine is running under abnormal load, the longitudinal force layer increases, resulting in an increase in the movement of the shaft: X
GBF11348-52102
Different from thermal turbines. Frequently started components can quickly accumulate power, so water-cooled units are often used to adjust the frequency and control power. Due to these operating problems, the unit is often shut down and started... This also proves that the dynamic stress of the unit will increase. In addition, the high-frequency operation of the unit can increase the operating time and the maintenance time. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the unit's bearings and other related parts for fatigue problems.This standard estimates the changes of the total vibration value under stable and reproducible operating conditions, and stipulates the "rules for changes in the root vibration value" to ensure that it does not cause expected changes due to changes in operating conditions: the external training quantity of the vibration value change: if the shaft vibration amplitude is greater than the aging limit in area B, then the vibration value will not increase or decrease. The main reasons for the damage should be checked. If there is any adverse effect, appropriate measures should be taken. The driver should then detect the maximum vibration value and determine whether it has stabilized under the new conditions. However, the machine should be re-rated. It must be noted that this criterion has a monthly limit. The four components may change greatly in comparison with the frequency, but the importance of these changes is not reflected in the total vibration signal. The overall change in the original power measurement gives some indication of potential problems, which need to be further analyzed using measuring instruments and analyzers. These can only reveal the specific frequency of the failure according to the situation. It is particularly important to monitor the speed regulation and twice the speed. The application of other instruments often requires special recognition. This measurement standard has exceeded the scope of this standard (see GR/111346.1 and GB/T [7139]. 6
GB/T1734B.52002
Special end)
Water-cooled small machine or unit shaft cabinet Liu Yan dynamic road mechanical maximum value recommended evaluation area (applicable to water-cooled machine operation under steady-state load permitted by the system) 1 t00
tiR2T 11348-52002
Figure 2 Relative displacement of the machine or the load of the hydraulic machine B1 Introduction
GR/T11348-52002
(Recommended)bZxz.net
Dynamic characteristics of hydraulic machine shaft
The mechanism of shaft vibration has been explained in detail in B/T-34.1. They are mainly based on the wide-band vibration theory and experimental research on horizontal machines. So far, there are not many vertical machines, while most hydraulic machines are vertical. For hydraulic machines, the vibration of the shaft can occur in a wide frequency range. The reasons are as follows:
The reasons are as follows: misalignment, shaft The bearings are not able to generate energy in all directions, the oil film is unstable, the friction is training, the impeller and the engine are not half balanced, or the rotation speed is not balanced: the possible locking rate and the vibration rate may appear. Note: the oil cannot be adjusted by the shaft and the state of the oil cannot be adjusted due to the imbalance of the electrical power. The single effect is to release the harm to the room and its harmonics, the hydraulic reason is BA
) the flow rate (hydraulic imbalance) can appear according to the reverse rate, the blade and the flow rate (the product of the blade number or the guide effect and the speed locking rate and the various combinations of these properties), the total water pipe pressure is pulsating and the water flow is unstable. For the test turbine, the maximum output range will cause the pressure pulsation to be generated when the thrust is running steadily. The frequency band of the engine speed can be as low as 1/3~11 of the engine speed frequency. It may cause small pulsations with blood pressure due to the small structure (pipeline! The guide vanes are variable.) The problem is usually caused by the improper state of the impeller or the impeller blades. The frequency that can appear is high, like the frequency of bursting.
) The self-excitation alarm is also caused by the improper shape of the parts such as blades, guide vanes, etc. that the water flows through: the number of possible occurrences ranges from dozens to less (take the cross-sectional size and flow details below), and the obvious signs of the product can be observed in the communication band). Occurs when there are common machine parts (such as traction. Reverse palace, broken> Fan color movement can affect the water energy flowing through it, and the possible problem rate is slightly higher. The transfer problem is caused by the inherent characteristics of the blade and the rotating system. In the instantaneous operation of startup and shutdown, the land excitation force interacts with the soft wheel, resulting in a higher frequency vibration of the soft wheel. In the negative environment, the fast-axis Wei-type turbine must withstand the pulsation of the water intelligence such as the large concentricity of the production cow. In the relative Similar conditions (especially the size of the shaft with two bearings) will occur when the water is reduced to a similar level. I want to select a package that will have a rotor solidification rate that corresponds to the figure. The analysis of the state of operation is to divide the shutdown of the machine part to provide the expected advantages of the ancient end operation work. The total shutdown time of the emergency accident: this book requires a wide frequency band of micro-proof in the shaft of the new micro-connection of the small unit to increase the use of the new micro-connection. The use of the shaft is usually not sealed. The whole system appears in the state of operation. The thrust of the hydraulic machine can be avoided by the end or more of the shape, and its size is within the specified limit. Unlike thermal turbines, it does not affect the stability of the shaft oil cavity due to the self-excited friction caused by the air flow change. When the hydraulic machine is running under abnormal load, the longitudinal force layer increases, resulting in an increase in the movement of the shaft: X
GBF11348-52102
Different from thermal turbines. Frequently started components can quickly accumulate power, so water-cooled units are often used to adjust the frequency and control power. Due to these operating problems, the unit is often shut down and started... This also proves that the dynamic stress of the unit will increase. In addition, the high-frequency operation of the unit can increase the operating time and the maintenance time. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the unit's bearings and other related parts for fatigue problems.This standard estimates the changes of the total vibration value under stable and reproducible operating conditions, and stipulates the "rules for changes in the root vibration value" to ensure that it does not cause expected changes due to changes in operating conditions: the external training quantity of the vibration value change: if the shaft vibration amplitude is greater than the aging limit in area B, then the vibration value will not increase or decrease. The main reasons for the damage should be checked. If there is any adverse effect, appropriate measures should be taken. The driver should then detect the maximum vibration value and determine whether it has stabilized under the new conditions. However, the machine should be re-rated. It must be noted that this criterion has a monthly limit. The four components may change greatly in comparison with the frequency, but the importance of these changes is not reflected in the total vibration signal. The overall change in the original power measurement gives some indication of potential problems, which need to be further analyzed using measuring instruments and analyzers. These can only reveal the specific frequency of the failure according to the situation. It is particularly important to monitor the speed regulation and twice the speed. The application of other instruments often requires special recognition. This measurement standard has exceeded the scope of this standard (see GR/111346.1 and GB/T [7139]. 6
GB/T1734B.52002
Special end)
Water-cooled small machine or unit shaft cabinet Liu Yan dynamic road mechanical maximum value recommended evaluation area (applicable to water-cooled machine operation under steady-state load permitted by the system) 1 t00
tiR2T 11348-52002
Figure 2 Relative displacement of the machine or the load of the hydraulic machine B1 Introduction
GR/T11348-52002
(Recommended)
Dynamic characteristics of hydraulic machine shaft
The mechanism of shaft vibration has been explained in detail in B/T-34.1. They are mainly based on the wide-band vibration theory and experimental research on horizontal machines. So far, there are not many vertical machines, while most hydraulic machines are vertical. For hydraulic machines, the vibration of the shaft can occur in a wide frequency range. The reasons are as follows:
The reasons are as follows: misalignment, shaft The bearings are not able to generate energy in all directions, the oil film is unstable, the friction is training, the impeller and the engine are not half balanced, or the rotation speed is not balanced: the possible locking rate and the vibration rate may appear. Note: the oil cannot be adjusted by the shaft and the state of the oil cannot be adjusted due to the imbalance of the electrical power. The single effect is to release the harm to the room and its harmonics, the hydraulic reason is BA
) the flow rate (hydraulic imbalance) can appear according to the reverse rate, the blade and the flow rate (the product of the blade number or the guide effect and the speed locking rate and the various combinations of these properties), the total water pipe pressure is pulsating and the water flow is unstable. For the test turbine, the maximum output range will cause the pressure pulsation to be generated when the thrust is running steadily. The frequency band of the engine speed can be as low as 1/3~11 of the engine speed frequency. It may cause small pulsations with blood pressure due to the small structure (pipeline! The guide vanes are variable.) The problem is usually caused by the improper state of the impeller or the impeller blades. The frequency that can appear is high, like the frequency of bursting.
) The self-excitation alarm is also caused by the improper shape of the parts such as blades, guide vanes, etc. that the water flows through: the number of possible occurrences ranges from dozens to less (take the cross-sectional size and flow details below), and the obvious signs of the product can be observed in the communication band). Occurs when there are common machine parts (such as traction. Reverse palace, broken> Fan color movement can affect the water energy flowing through it, and the possible problem rate is slightly higher. The transfer problem is caused by the inherent characteristics of the blade and the rotating system. In the instantaneous operation of startup and shutdown, the land excitation force interacts with the soft wheel, resulting in a higher frequency vibration of the soft wheel. In the negative environment, the fast-axis Wei-type turbine must withstand the pulsation of the water intelligence such as the large concentricity of the production cow. In the relative Similar conditions (especially the size of the shaft with two bearings) will occur when the water is reduced to a similar level. I want to select a package that will have a rotor solidification rate that corresponds to the figure. The analysis of the state of operation is to divide the shutdown of the machine part to provide the expected advantages of the ancient end operation work. The total shutdown time of the emergency accident: this book requires a wide frequency band of micro-proof in the shaft of the new micro-connection of the small unit to increase the use of the new micro-connection. The use of the shaft is usually not sealed. The whole system appears in the state of operation. The thrust of the hydraulic machine can be avoided by the end or more of the shape, and its size is within the specified limit. Unlike thermal turbines, it does not affect the stability of the shaft oil cavity due to the self-excited friction caused by the air flow change. When the hydraulic machine is running under abnormal load, the longitudinal force layer increases, resulting in an increase in the movement of the shaft: X
GBF11348-52102
Different from thermal turbines. Frequently started components can quickly accumulate power, so water-cooled units are often used to adjust the frequency and control power. Due to these operating problems, the unit is often shut down and started... This also proves that the dynamic stress of the unit will increase. In addition, the high-frequency operation of the unit can increase the operating time and the maintenance time. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the unit's bearings and other related parts for fatigue problems.Under similar conditions (especially with two bearings installed on the shaft), a similar situation will occur when the rotor is decelerated to a certain speed. The rotor will have a similar rate of solidification as shown in the figure. The advantages of the shutdown function of the machine when the machine is shut down are as follows: the frequency band of the micro-vibration generated by the shaft of the unit will increase or exceed the limit value. The size of the micro-vibration generated by the shaft of the unit will be within the specified limit value. Unlike thermal turbines, the self-excitation of the shaft oil hole is not affected by the original solidification of the airflow. When hydraulic machines are operating under abnormal loads, especially in the state of abnormal operation, the longitudinal force increases, which causes the shaft movement to increase: X
GBF11348-52102
Different from thermal units, the power can be quickly accumulated at a high frequency, so hydraulic units are often used to adjust the frequency and control the power. Due to these operating problems, the unit is often shut down and started... This also proves that the unit's dynamic stress will increase. In addition, the high-voltage unit can be operated more frequently, which is related to the increase in the shaft movement and the increase in the operating time. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the unit's bearings and other related parts for fatigue problems.Under similar conditions (especially with two bearings installed on the shaft), a similar situation will occur when the rotor is decelerated to a certain speed. The rotor will have a similar rate of solidification as shown in the figure. The advantages of the shutdown function of the machine when the machine is shut down are as follows: the frequency band of the micro-vibration generated by the shaft of the unit will increase or exceed the limit value. The size of the micro-vibration generated by the shaft of the unit will be within the specified limit value. Unlike thermal turbines, the self-excitation of the shaft oil hole is not affected by the original solidification of the airflow. When hydraulic machines are operating under abnormal loads, especially in the state of abnormal operation, the longitudinal force increases, which causes the shaft movement to increase: X
GBF11348-52102
Different from thermal units, the power can be quickly accumulated at a high frequency, so hydraulic units are often used to adjust the frequency and control the power. Due to these operating problems, the unit is often shut down and started... This also proves that the unit's dynamic stress will increase. In addition, the high-voltage unit can be operated more frequently, which is related to the increase in the shaft movement and the increase in the operating time. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the unit's bearings and other related parts for fatigue problems.
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