Some standard content:
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Centrifugal Blower for Sintering Plant
Subject Content and Scope of Application
JB/T 7259-94
Replaces ZBJ71004-88
This standard specifies the basic design, structural design, test and acceptance, appearance, coating and rust prevention, complete set supply and guarantee, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of centrifugal blowers for sintering plants (hereinafter referred to as blowers). This standard is applicable to centrifugal blowers for extracting sintering flue gas in sintering plants with an inlet temperature not higher than 250C, a boost pressure not higher than 20kPa, and a dust content and other solid impurities content in the medium not more than 50mg/m (actual state). Dust removal fans or ring cooling fans used in sintering plants can also be used as a reference.
2 Reference standards
GB1236 Test method for aerodynamic performance of ventilator GB10178 Field test of ventilator
GB/T2888 Noise measurement method for fan and Roots blower GB/T13306 Label
JB3165 Test method for thermal performance of centrifugal and axial flow blower compressor 3 Basic design
3.1 Blowers and their ancillary equipment shall comply with the requirements of this standard and be designed and manufactured in accordance with the drawings and technical documents approved in accordance with the prescribed procedures. When the supply and demand parties have other technical agreements, they shall be designed and manufactured in accordance with the technical agreement of both parties. 3.2 The design and structure of blowers and their ancillary equipment shall ensure that their service life is not less than 10 years (except for wearing parts) under the specified operating conditions (specified working, operating and maintenance conditions), and the design service life of the impeller blades shall be not less than 2 years. 3.3 When the demander has requirements for environmental noise, it should be specified in the technical agreement between the two parties. In order to meet the specified noise limits, the supplier may design or select appropriate silencers as required by the purchaser. 3.4 The design of the blower and its ancillary equipment shall not only ensure its own functional requirements, but also take into account the convenience of use and maintenance. 3.5 The materials used for the blower shall comply with the relevant standards of the state or the Ministry of Metallurgy. If there are special requirements, they shall be specified in the technical agreement between the two parties. 3.6 The main shaft of the blower can be a rigid shaft or a flexible shaft. The relationship between the lower critical speed nel, upper critical speed ne2, maximum operating speed nloo and minimum continuous operating speed nmin of the main shaft shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. Table 1
Structural design
Rigid shaft
Radial shaft
ne≥1.2n1ou
nel≤0.85mm
te2≥1. 2mom
Steam turbine or turbo expander
Me.0.85mmin
Me221.26mer
4.1 According to the required flow rate, the blower can be designed as a single-stage single-suction or single-stage double-suction type, double-support structure. For the single-suction type, the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China approved it on July 18, 1994 and implemented it on July 1, 1995
JB/T 7259--94
The impeller of the blower can also be supported by a cantilever structure. The blower is directly connected to the driver through other types of couplings such as elastic couplings and gear couplings. The blower can also be connected to the driver by a hydraulic coupling. 4.2 Casing
4.2.1 The blower casing consists of a volute, an air inlet chamber and a diffuser. It is generally made of a steel plate welded structure, and a cast casing can also be used. Its structural type can be divided into horizontal splitting or horizontal splitting plus vertical and oblique splitting. The flange surfaces of all joint surfaces should be coated with sealant or other sealing materials, and connected with suitable bolts sufficient to prevent leakage. 4.2.2 A manhole should be provided on the casing to facilitate inspection, cleaning and monitoring of the use of the rotor. 4.2.3 The design of the welded casing should take into account the convenience of the purchaser to lay sound insulation and heat insulation materials on the outside of the casing on site. In order to extend the life of the casing, a lining plate should be added inside the casing.
4.2.4 The casing and volute should be provided with appropriate reinforcement ribs to form a rigid casing without structural resonance to limit vibration and noise. The lower part of the casing should be provided with legs to fix the body. 4.2.5 The design of the casing and legs must ensure sufficient strength and rigidity. When the external force and external torque at the interface flange reach the maximum allowable value, it should not affect the normal operation of the blower. 4.3 Rotor
4.3.1 The main shaft of the blower should be made of forged steel as a whole and heat-treated. The main shaft must be inspected for non-destructive testing, and its technical requirements shall be in accordance with the agreement or contract between the two parties. On both sides of the impeller assembly mating part, the shaft diameter should be stepped to facilitate the disassembly of the impeller assembly. There should be appropriate fillets (chamfers) at all shaft diameter changes and keyways. 4.3.2 When the technical agreement between the two parties stipulates that a non-contact vibration measuring instrument is used to directly measure shaft vibration, the measurement position should be close to the journal at the bearing. The journal surface must be demagnetized, no scratch marks are allowed, no discontinuous areas such as oil holes and keyways are allowed, and this part should not be sprayed. The final surface roughness R value is 0.8μm.
4.3.3 When the purchaser has requirements, the supplier can undertake the design or selection of a suitable shaft displacement and shaft vibration automatic monitor. 4.3.4 The impeller of the blower is divided into two types: a single-suction closed impeller consisting of a wheel cover, a wheel disc, a hub, blades and an inlet ring, and a double-suction closed impeller consisting of a wheel cover, a middle disc, a hub, blades and an inlet ring. 4.3.5 The blades and the wheel cover, wheel disc or middle disc can be welded: the blades and the middle disc can be welded or riveted; the wheel hub and the middle disc can be riveted or bolted; the inlet ring and the wheel cover can be riveted or welded. No matter which method is used, the impeller must have sufficient strength.
4.3.6 After the impeller is formed, no debris such as welding slag and oxide scale is allowed in the flow channel. 4.3.7 The blades can be selected in different types such as single arc type, double arc type, plate type and wing type. 4.3.8 The blades can take wear-resistant measures, which can be surface spraying, spray welding, high-frequency quenching, surfacing wear-resistant carbide on the working surface, adding blade supplementary plates, thickening the thickness of the blade inlet section or other more effective wear-resistant methods. 4.3.9 The impeller middle disc can be designed as a ratchet type or a common disc type. 4.3.10 The materials of the impeller cover, wheel disc and middle disc are allowed to be spliced, but the middle disc connected to the hub should be an integral plate. 4.3.11 The impeller can be keyed or keyless, and can be hot-mounted or cold-mounted on the main shaft. No matter which type of structure is used for the impeller. It must be ensured that the balance state of the rotor will not be changed at the highest operating speed. 4.4 Seals
4.4.1 In order to ensure that the leakage out of or into the blower is minimized under the entire specified operating conditions and when shut down, the blower should be equipped with suitable seals. The operation of the seal should be suitable for changes in inlet conditions, especially the start-up and shutdown stages, or any specified operating specifications specified by the buyer.
4.4.2 The design of the sealing components should take into account the stability of the rotor and the convenience of maintenance. 4.4.3 The shaft seal should be replaceable from the outside of the air inlet box without interfering with the shaft and bearings. 4.5 Bearings and bearing boxes
4.5.1 Blowers can use sliding bearings or rolling bearings to withstand the axial and radial forces of the rotation. 4.5.2 Sliding bearings are divided into radial bearings and thrust bearings. Bearings are generally made of cast steel or forged steel bearing bodies cast with bearing alloys 444
JB/T7259—94
4.5.2.1 The design of sliding bearings should ensure a stable oil film under all working conditions. The bearings should have anti-rotation measures. 4.5.2-2 When measuring the bearing temperature on the bearing box, the temperature measuring element should be installed in the bearing body. The specific installation position should be considered when designing the bearing box. 4.5.3 When rolling bearings are used, rolling bearings that can withstand radial forces should be installed on the bearing boxes on both sides, and rolling bearings that can withstand axial thrust should be installed on the thrust side.
4.5.4 The bearing box should be a horizontally split casting or welded structure. 4.5.4.1 The shaft hole of the bearing box should be equipped with a suitable oil seal to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking axially or impurities from entering the bearing box. 4.5.4.2 The position for installing the vibration measuring instrument should be designed on the bearing box. When a non-contact vibration measuring instrument is used to measure the shaft vibration, the vibration measuring probe should be installed on the radial bearing at an angle of 80° to 100°. 4.6 Coupling
4.6.1 The coupling should be designed to be able to run continuously for at least 10,000 hours under the condition that the rated torque of the coupling is not less than the service factor given in Table 2. The rated torque of the coupling should be designed according to formula (1). Coupling rated torque 2
Steam turbine or gas turbine; turbo expander motor starting torque ratio is not greater than 2
Synchronous motor, during starting and small coupling rated torque 5 times coupling input power
30 0001
Coupling input speed
4.6.2 The coupling should be equipped with a protective cover. The protective cover should be easy to disassemble for maintenance. Use factor
4.6.3 In order to ensure the balance state, the coupling bolts should be weighed and grouped. Bolts of the same weight should be symmetrically arranged on the coupling and marked.
4.7 Flow regulator
4.7.1 The blower inlet should be equipped with a flow regulator and its transmission mechanism. The regulating blade should be adjusted arbitrarily within the range of 0° to 90° to ensure the regulating performance of the blower device.
4.7.2 The rotation direction of the regulating blade should be considered in the design, and the fluid must be consistent with the impeller rotation direction. 4.7.3 When using a shutter-type regulator, the central axis of the regulating blade should generally be equipped with a rolling bearing support. When the inlet temperature of the medium is close to 250℃, the cooling method of the rolling bearing should be considered. 4.7.4 The regulator should be equipped with an indicating dial. 4.7.5 The transmission torque of the regulator under the maximum load is guaranteed by an electric or pneumatic actuator. When the purchaser requires it, the electric or pneumatic actuator can be equipped with a remote transmission output signal device. 4.7.6 An exhaust baffle should be installed on the fan exhaust duct (before the muffler), which is generally configured by the user. 4.8 The muffler includes a muffler and additional sound-absorbing materials. 4.9 Lubrication system
4.9.1 Blowers with sliding bearings lubricated with pressure oil should generally have a complete lubrication system and provide sufficient lubrication oil to each lubrication point at an appropriate pressure.
4.9.2 The lubrication system generally consists of an oil tank, an oil pump (main oil pump and standby oil pump), an oil cooler, an oil filter, an oil supply and return oil system. An oil heater should be installed when necessary.
4.9.3 Oil tank
4.9.3.1 The main body of the oil tank is generally made of welded steel plates. The inner surface of the oil tank should be deoxidized, and the bottom plate of the oil tank should generally be designed to be inclined. An oil drain should be set at the lowest point.
4.9.3.2 All openings on the oil tank must not leak. 4.9.3.3 In order to degas and settle impurities, the oil volume above the lowest oil suction surface of the oil suction pipe in the oil tank should be 5 to 8445
JB/T 7259-9
times the normal circulating oil volume. The total oil return volume of the system under the normal operating point of the blower is used as the base number for calculation. 4.9.3.4 If an oil heater is provided, the heater should have sufficient power to heat the oil to the required minimum temperature within 12 hours. a. When a steam heater is used, the working oil is not allowed to be directly connected to the steam pipeline. b. When an electric heater is used, the electric heating rod should be controlled by a thermostat. When the oil level drops to 50mm above the rod body, the power supply should be automatically cut off and the heating should be stopped.
4.9.3.5 When the two parties have a technical agreement or the supplier deems it necessary, a high-level oil tank can be set up. The high-level oil tank is used as a spare oil tank during parking. 4.9.3.6 The capacity of the high-level oil tank should be sufficient to ensure that the oil supply time is not less than 2 minutes after stopping (turning). 4.9.3.7 In order to meet the minimum pressure requirement when the oil flows out, the high-level oil tank should be installed at a sufficient height. 4.9.4 Oil pumpwww.bzxz.net
4.9.4.1 The main oil of the lubricating oil system can be driven independently or by the main shaft, and the standby oil pump can be electric or manual. 4.9.4.2 The rated flow of the oil pump should not be less than 115% of the oil required by the blower at the normal operating point. 4.9.4.3'When the main oil pump and the standby oil pump are both driven independently, in order to ensure the normal operation of the blower, when the oil pressure drops below the safe value, the electric standby oil pump should be able to start automatically. 4.9.5 Oil cooler
4.9.5.1 According to needs, it can be a single or double-pipe oil cooler, or an air-cooled oil cooler. When using a tubular oil cooler, the flow rate of water in the tube should generally be 1.5 to 2.5 m/s. The fouling coefficient on the water side is given in the technical agreement between the two parties, otherwise it is 1.7X10-4m for general cooling water. K/W design is designed for circulating cooling water at 0.85×10-^m2·K/W. 4.9.5.2 The capacity of the oil cooler should meet 120% of the total heat generated when the exhaust blower operates at the highest continuous operating speed and the highest inlet temperature of the cooling medium.
4.9.6 Oil filter
4.9.6.1 The lubricating oil filter should be able to block 95% of particles larger than 25um and 99.5% of particles larger than 30um. 4.9.6.2 The oil filter housing should be designed according to the maximum working pressure of the oil system. 4.10 Control and Instrumentation
4.10.1 The adjustment and control items of the blower shall be selected according to the technical agreement between the two parties. The methods may be pneumatic, hydraulic, electric or manual, or a combination of different methods. Regardless of the method adopted, a manual mechanism shall be provided. 4.10.2 For the convenience of control, according to the agreement, the blower may be provided with centralized or locally installed instruments. In order to monitor the target display and alarm. 4.10.3 The blower shall generally be provided with appropriate instruments according to Table 3. Table 3
Blower inlet pressure
Blower inlet temperature
Oil tank oil level
Lubricating oil inlet pressure before bearing
Oil filter pressure difference
Oil cooler inlet pressure
Oil cooler outlet temperature
Radial bearing temperature
Thrust bearing temperature
Rotor axial displacement
Shaft or bearing radial displacement
(·)
(·)
(·)
Note: ①In the table, "," high" and "low" marks mean that they must be set; "-" means that they do not need to be set
②) "(·)\," (high)", "(low)\" in the table are recommended for installation. 5 Test and acceptance
5.1 Test of pressure-bearing parts
(High)
(High)
(High)
(High)
(High)
(High)
(High)
JB/T 7259- -94
5.1.1 The bearing box, oil tank and oil cooler housing, oil pump housing and valve body with working pressure less than or equal to 0.25MPa gauge pressure in the auxiliary equipment of the blower shall be cleaned inside and outside and then brushed with kerosene for testing. There shall be no leakage within 30 minutes. 5.1.2 The oil cooler housing, pump housing and valve body with working pressure greater than 0.25MPa gauge pressure shall be subjected to a water pressure test. The test pressure shall be 1.5 times the maximum working pressure. There shall be no leakage within a duration of not less than 30 minutes. There shall be no leakage or water seepage. 5.1.3 During the kerosene brushing and water pressure test, if leakage occurs, the defective parts may be repaired according to the relevant standards, and the prescribed test shall be carried out again after the repair.
5.2 Rotor balancing test
5.2.1 The blower rotor shall be subjected to a balancing test, and the balancing accuracy G shall not be greater than 4. 5.2.2 The rotor balance shall be calculated according to formula (2): e=0/m=GX1000/a
Where: e---rotor center of mass deviation, tm; U---allowable Permissible residual unbalance, g\mm;
m-rotor weight, kg;
G——·Balance accuracy, mm/s;
-Rotor maximum operating angular velocity, rad/s. 5.3 Mechanical operation test
(2)
5.3.1 Each blower shall be subjected to a mechanical operation test. If the mechanical operation test cannot be carried out in the factory due to the power supply voltage or test bench conditions of the manufacturer, the test may be carried out on the buyer's site after consultation with the buyer. 5.3.2 Mechanical operation test During the process, after the bearing temperature rise stabilizes, the machine is operated continuously for 1 hour and the oil temperature is measured: the imported oil is 43°C, and the oil temperature rise through the bearing and the bearing box should not exceed 28°C. 5.3.3 When the blower is subjected to the mechanical operation test at the specified speed, the vibration of the bearing box is measured on the bearing box, and the effective value (root mean square value) of the vibration velocity shall not exceed 4.0 mm/s; the unfiltered peak amplitude measured on any plane close to and relative to each radial bearing shall not exceed the value of formula (3) or 50um, whichever is smaller. 12 000
Where: A——-peak value of the unfiltered amplitude, μm; N--maximum continuous speed, /min.
(3)
When the machine is operated at any speed higher than the maximum continuous speed up to and including the trip speed of the driver, its amplitude shall not exceed 50% of the amplitude of the maximum continuous speed.
5.4 Aerodynamic performance test
5.4.1 When the purchaser has a requirement, aerodynamic performance tests can be carried out on site for newly designed products, products transferred to other factories, and old products with major modifications. Aerodynamic performance tests shall be carried out in accordance with GB10178. 5.4.2 If the blower is tested at the manufacturer, it can be tested in accordance with JB3165 or GB1236, including modeling tests. The aerodynamic performance deviation is: under given speed and air intake conditions, the static pressure rise measured at the design flow rate of the product shall not exceed the specified value + 5%, and the shaft power shall not exceed the specified value + 4%. If the purchaser has special requirements for pressure and shaft power, the supply and demand parties can negotiate. 5.4.3 The noise test of the blower shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T2888. 5.5 Acceptance
5.5.1 All tests must have test reports or records, and the materials of rotating parts and the certificates of conformity of purchased parts must be kept for future reference. 5.5.2 Each blower must pass the quality inspection of the quality inspection department before it can be shipped out of the factory, and a product certificate of conformity must be attached when it leaves the factory. 5.5.3 The random technical documents and complete supply items of the blower products are subject to the acceptance of the quality inspection department. 6 Appearance, coating and rust prevention
6.1 All unprocessed surfaces of parts and components should be painted unless there are special requirements or regulations; the appearance paint 447
JB/T 7259---94
color of the main and auxiliary machines and pipelines of the blower should comply with the relevant regulations of the supplier's factory if there are no special requirements. 6.2 The appearance of the parts should be smooth and flat, without rust, and there should be no defects such as oil stains and bumps after assembly. 6.3 The coating must be firm. The decorative coating is not allowed to have defects such as sagging, blistering, whitening, loss of gloss, scratches and bumps, and the final appearance should be smooth, beautiful, and the color should be uniform. 6.4 All exposed bolts, nuts, and washers must be bluing treated, and the exposed length of the bolts should be basically flush. 6.5 The exposed processed surfaces that do not need to be painted must not be rusted, and anti-rust oil or anti-rust grease should be applied before packaging; the anti-rust oil or anti-rust grease layer should be uniform and continuous, without bubbles or missing coating. 7 Complete set supply and guarantee
7.1 The set supply items and quantity of the product shall be supplied in accordance with the product drawings, relevant technical documents or the technical agreement and contract requirements of both parties. 7.2 Under the condition that the purchaser complies with the storage, installation, use, maintenance and transportation regulations, the warranty period of the product is 12 months from the date the blower is put into operation, but not more than 18 months from the date of shipment from the supplier's factory. During the warranty period, if there is a failure in use due to design errors, improper material selection and poor manufacturing of parts and components, the supplier shall provide the purchaser with repair or replacement parts and components free of charge.
8 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
8.1 Labeling
8.1.1 The main and auxiliary machines and main auxiliary equipment of each product shall be nailed with product labels in obvious positions. The content of the blower label shall include: product name, model, inlet pressure, static pressure rise, inlet flow, medium inlet density, main shaft speed, source engine power, product number, manufacturing date, (country name), factory name, etc. 8.1.2 As needed, the corresponding parts of each product shall be fixed with working condition signs. 8.1.2.1 The blower and oil pump housings shall be fixed with indication marks of the rotor rotation direction. 8.1.2.2 The water and oil inlets and outlets of valve housings, cold oil tanks, etc. shall be nailed with indication marks of the flow direction. 8.1.2.3 The oil tank should be equipped with an oil level indicator, and the highest and lowest oil levels during operation should be marked. 8.1.3 The size specifications and technical requirements of all signs should comply with the provisions of GB/T13306. 8.2 Packaging and transportation
8.2.1 The product can be packed in boxes or simple packages, but it must be guaranteed to be loaded and unloaded multiple times and transported over long distances, and moisture-proof and vibration-proof measures should be taken. 8.2.2 Various instruments and vibration-prone parts should be specially packaged and filled with fillers. 8.2.3 The design of the packaging box should take into account smooth drainage and good ventilation conditions. 8.2.4 The design of the packaging box should comply with the relevant regulations for water, rail and other transportation. 8.2.5 The following technical documents should be attached to the product: a: Packing list (including random drawings);
b. Installation, operation and maintenance instructions for the blower and auxiliary equipment; c. Product certificate of conformity.
8.3 Storage
Each package of the product should be stored flat and stable, and should be at least 200~~300mm from the ground.8.3.1
8.3.2 The storage environment should be protected from rain, sun and water accumulation.8.3.3 During the storage period, the product should be unpacked and inspected once every six months (three months for the first shipment by ship), and pay attention to the following:a. Check whether the protective layer of each part has lost its protective function, whether the paint has changed color or peeled off, and replace the protective layer if necessary. Check whether the logo of the package is peeled off and unclear. Reprint it if necessary. b.
Additional instructions:
JB/T7259—94
This standard was proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Fans. This standard is under the jurisdiction of Shenyang Blower Research Institute. This standard was drafted by Shaanxi Blower Factory, and the main drafter of this standard is Wang Jianzhuang.
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