This standard specifies the terms related to sawn timber drying methods, facilities, processes, defects, quality, theory, etc. This standard is applicable to sawn timber drying production, drying engineering design, writing academic papers, compiling professional books and periodicals, etc. GB/T 15035-1994 Timber Drying Terminology GB/T15035-1994 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Terminology in wood drying
1 Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 15035--94
This standard specifies the terms related to sawn timber drying methods, facilities, processes, defects, quality, theory, etc. This standard is applicable to sawn timber drying production, drying engineering design, writing academic papers, compiling professional books and periodicals, etc. 2 Drying methods
2.1 Drying methods
Methods for removing moisture from wood.
2.2 Natural drying natural drying; natural seasoning Wood dries itself under natural conditions.
Synonyms natural drying
2.3 Atmospheric drying air seasoning air drying The wood is piled in an open field or under a ventilated shed to evaporate the moisture in the wood and dry it using atmospheric heat energy. 2.4 Forced air drying forced air drying uses a fan to drive air through the wood pile in the open air or under a shed to accelerate air drying. 2.5 Artificial drying artificial seasoning Drying wood under artificially controlled drying medium conditions. 2.6 Kiln drying; kiln seasoning Drying wood by convection heating in a drying room with artificially controlled drying medium conditions. Synonyms Kiln drying
2.7 Conventional drying conventional drying; usual drying Traditional drying method using saturated steam as heat source and moist air as medium. 2.8 Normal temperature drying normal temperature drying Drying with drying medium temperature in the range of 50-100°C. 2.9 High temperature drying high temperature drying Drying with drying medium (moist air, superheated steam) temperature higher than 100°C. 2.10 Low temperature drying low temperature drying Drying with drying medium (moist air) temperature lower than 50°C. 2.11
Superheated steam drying High temperature drying with convection heating of wood using superheated steam as drying medium. Furnace gas drying
The wood is dried by using the hot gas generated by burning fuel in the stove as the heat source and the gas-humid air mixture as the drying medium. 2.13 Special drying Special drying Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on March 29, 1994
Implementation on October 1, 1994
Other artificial drying other than conventional drying. GB/T 15035—94
Dehumidification drying 2.14
The wood is dried by the reciprocating cycle of "condensation-heating-drying" of moist hot air in a closed system. 2.15 Vacuum drying The wood is dried by intermittent or continuous vacuum (negative pressure) and heating in a closed container. 2.16 Solar drying; solar-energy drying Use solar energy as the heat source to dry wood.
2.17 High frequency drying; radio frequency drying Heat and dry wood in a high frequency electromagnetic field. 2.18 Microwave drying Heat and dry wood in a microwave electromagnetic field. 2.19 Infra-red drying Dry wood with infrared rays as the heat source. Pressure drying
Dry the wood in a closed container with steam at a pressure higher than normal. Chemical drying
Dry wood by treating it with chemicals. 2.22 Solar-dehumidification drying Combined drying of wood with solar energy as the auxiliary heat source. 2.23 High frequency-vacuum and dehumidification drying Combined drying of high frequency, vacuum and dehumidification. 2.24 High [radio] frequency-vacuum drying Combined drying of wood with high frequency heating and continuous vacuum conditions to remove moisture. Hot-air drying hot-air drying
Use stoves to burn fuel to generate hot smoke flowing through the flue (pipe) to indirectly heat the indoor medium to dry wood. 2.26 Smoke drying
Simple drying of wood by directly smoking hot smoke generated by smoldering sawdust. 2.27 Predrying
Pre-drying of wet wood to 30% to 20% moisture content by air drying or in a pre-drying room at low temperature before conventional or special drying.
2.28 Re-drying
Drying the wood again because the final moisture content of the wood after the previous drying does not meet the requirements. 3 Drying facilities
3.1 Wood drying kiln A container for drying wood under artificial control of the drying medium with heating, ventilation, sealing, heat preservation, and corrosion resistance. Synonyms Wood drying kiln
3.2 Forced circulation kiln A drying chamber where the air in the room is driven to circulate by a fan. 3.3 Natural circulation kiln A drying chamber where the air in the room forms a natural flow due to the different densities during heating and cooling. Periodic drying chamber compartment kiln
All wood is loaded or unloaded at the same time, and drying is stopped during loading and unloading, that is, the drying operation is periodic. 180
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GB/T 15035-94
3.5 Periodic forced circulation kiln A drying chamber where the drying operation is periodic forced circulation. 3.6 Periodic natural circulation kiln A drying chamber where the drying operation is periodic natural circulation. 3.7 Progressive kiln Dry wood pile is unloaded from the dry end, and wet wood pile is loaded from the wet end, that is, the drying operation is continuous. 3.8 Continuous forced circulation kiln Forced circulation progressive kiln Drying operation is a continuous forced circulation drying kiln. 3.9 Continuous natural circulation progressive kiln Drying operation is a continuous natural circulation drying kiln. 3.10 Air kiln
Drying kiln with wet air as drying medium. For example, it is commonly known as steam drying kiln with saturated steam as heat source. Synonym steam kiln
3.11 Superheated steam kiln Superheated steam kiln Drying kiln with superheated steam at normal pressure as drying medium. 3.12 Urnace gas kiln Drying kiln with hot furnace gas generated by burning fuel in the stove as drying medium and heat source. 3.13 Long (longitudinal) axis drying chamber lineshaftkiln A periodic forced circulation drying chamber in which multiple axial flow fans are installed in series along the length of the drying chamber on the long axis of the indoor fan room.
3.14 Short (transverse) axis drying chamber cross-shaftkiln A periodic forced circulation drying chamber in which multiple axial flow fans are installed in parallel along the length of the drying chamber on multiple short axes of the indoor fan room.
3.15 Side fan drying chamber side-fankiln A periodic forced circulation drying chamber in which the axial flow fans are located on the side of the wood pile. 3.16 End fan drying chamber end-fankiln A periodic forced circulation drying chamber in which the axial flow fans are located at the end of the wood pile. 3.17 Jet drying chamber jetkiln
A forced circulation drying chamber in which a fan and a jet device are used to spray jets into the room to drive the flow of the medium. 3.18 Dehumidificatian drying kiln A drying kiln for dehumidifying and drying wood. 3.19
Vacuum dryer
Equipment that can dry wood under vacuum conditions and has heating, condensing and vacuum devices. 3.20
Alternate vacuum dryer A vacuum dryer in which heating and vacuuming are carried out alternately and intermittently. 3.21 Continuous vacuum dryer A vacuum dryer in which heating and vacuuming are carried out continuously. 3.22High frequency-vacuum dryer A drying device that uses high frequency heating and continuous vacuuming. 3.23Solar drying kiln A drying kiln that uses collectors to absorb solar energy to heat the medium and dry wood. 3.24Solar-dehumidification drying kiln A dehumidification drying kiln equipped with solar collectors and dehumidifiers, using solar energy as an auxiliary heat source. 181
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3.25 Microwave dryer, microwave dryerGB/T 15035—94
A mechanical and electrical device for microwave drying of wood. 3.26 Infra-red drying kiln A drying kiln that uses infrared rays as a heat source.
3.27 Hot-air drying kiln
A forced circulation drying kiln that uses a stove to burn fuel to generate hot smoke and flows through the flue (tube) to indirectly heat the indoor medium. 3.28 Smoke channel kiln A natural circulation drying kiln that uses a stove to burn fuel to generate hot smoke and flows through the flue (tube) to indirectly heat the indoor medium. Smoked drying kiln
A natural circulation kiln where the smoke generated by smoldering sawdust in a pit below the wood pile flows vertically upward through the wood pile to directly smoke the wood. 3.30 Single track kiln A kiln where a single track is laid across the width of the kiln to hold one row of wood piles. Double track kiln 3.31
A kiln where a double track is laid across the width of the kiln to hold two rows of wood piles. 2 Brick and concrete kiln 3.32
A kiln where the shell is made of brick and concrete. 3.33
3 All-metal kiln A kiln where the shell is made entirely of metal. 3.34
Prefabricated modular construction kiln A kiln where prefabricated components are assembled on site. High temperature drying kiln Drying kiln where the drying medium is maintained at a temperature above 100°C. 3.36 Pre-dry kiln
Large-scale simple drying equipment equipped with heating and ventilation devices for low-temperature drying of wood piles. Dry end
The material discharge end of a continuous drying chamber.
3. 38 Green end
The material inlet end of a continuous drying chamber.
Inlet air duct
Inlet air duct, frash air duct, air inlet flue Controllable channel for fresh air to flow into the drying chamber. 3.40
Exhaust air duct
Controllable channel for exhaust gas to be discharged from the drying chamber. 3.41 Damper
A device for opening and closing the inlet and exhaust ducts to control the airflow. 2 Baffle
Baffle for guiding airflow in drying room.
3.43 Vent
General term for airflow passage in drying room.
3.44 Inspection door
Small door set on the door or shell of drying room for understanding and checking the drying condition of wood during drying process. 3.45
Vertical lifting door
Drying room door that opens vertically upward.
3.46 Folding door
Standard
GB/T15035—94
Drying room door that can be folded up when opened. Sliding door
Drying room door that is opened and closed by pulling to the side of the room. 3.48 Heating coil made with plain pipe A heater assembled with smooth seamless steel pipe. 3.49Heat exchanger made with cast iron ribbed pipeHeater with fins cast in cast iron. 3.50Heating coil made with fin pipeHeater with metal fins on the outside of the pipe.
Steam spray pipe
A metal pipe with a spray hole or nozzle that can spray steam into the drying chamber. 2Water sprayer
A device with a nozzle that can spray atomized water into the drying chamber. 3Trap
A device that removes condensate from the heater and prevents steam loss. 3.54
Main feed header
The main pipe that supplies saturated steam to the heater and the steam spray pipe. Drain header; discharge header3.55
Main pipe for draining condensate from the heater.
Water-return lines
Pipes that drain condensate from the heater back to the boiler room. Single track truck
A trolley with two wheels mounted on a track with two channel steels, used to assemble a loading truck. 3.58 Truck
A trolley for loading wood piles.
Transport truck
A trolley for transferring loading trucks.
Stacking machine
A machine for stacking wood.
Unstacking machine
A machine for dismantling wood piles.
Wet and dry bulb thermometer (psychrometer)3.62
An instrument for measuring the temperature and relative humidity of a drying medium. Synonym: Hygrometer
3.63 Dehumidifier
It is the main equipment for dehumidification and drying, and is composed of a refrigeration compressor, an evaporator (cold source), a condenser (heat source), a refrigerant circulation pipeline and other components.
3.64 Electrical moisture content meter Electrical moisture content meter Electrical moisture content meter for wood.
3.65 Storage for dried timber Building for storing dried timber.
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4 Drying process
4.1 Drying process
The process of removing moisture from timber.
GB/T 15035-94
4.2 The early stage of drying The early stage of drying in the process of convection drying when the moisture content of the central layer of the timber is above the fiber saturation point. 4.3 The latter stage of drying The latter stage of drying in the process of convection drying when the moisture content of the central layer of the timber is below the fiber saturation point. 4.4 Drying schedule
The prescribed procedure for medium temperature (wood core temperature) and relative humidity used at each moisture content or time stage during the drying process. Synonyms Drying schedule
4.5 Moisture content drying schedule Moisture content drying schedule is a drying schedule that divides the drying process into stages according to moisture content. 4.6 Time drying schedule is a drying schedule that divides the drying process into stages according to time. 4.7 Fluctuant drying schedule is a moisture content drying schedule that fluctuates the temperature and humidity of the medium in each stage of the drying process. 4.8 Semi-fluctuant drying schedule is a moisture content drying schedule that generally refers to the early stages of the drying process, in which the temperature of the medium gradually increases and the humidity gradually decreases, and remains unchanged within the stage; in the later stages, the temperature and humidity of the medium fluctuate. 4.9
Mild drying schedule is a relatively gentle drying schedule with a relatively low medium temperature and a relatively high relative humidity. 4.10 Harsh drying schedule is a rapid drying schedule with a relatively high medium temperature and a relatively low relative humidity. 4.11 Continuously rising temperature drying schedule is a drying schedule that increases the dry bulb temperature rapidly during the drying process, maintains the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature and the wood temperature as a constant, and makes the drying speed basically constant.
4.12 Conditioning treatment Treatment of wood at a relatively high temperature and in a high humidity medium where the water does not evaporate. Synonyms Conditioning treatment
4.13 Pretreatment
Treatment of wood before drying begins, with the purpose of heating the wood and relieving stress. Synonyms Preheating
4.14 Intermediate treatment
Intermediate treatment
Treatment between the initial and final treatments. 4.15 Final treatment Treatment of wood at the end of the drying process. 4.16 Equalization treatment Treatment of wood at the end of the drying process, in which the moisture content of the wood in each part of the pile and the moisture content of the inner and outer layers of the wood tend to be balanced. Steaming
Treatment of wood at high temperature and high humidity by spraying steam into the drying chamber. Cooling
The process of gradually lowering the temperature of the wood to below 40℃ before the wood is piled out of the drying chamber after the drying process is completed. 151
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4. 19 Stack, piles; loadsGB/T 15035-94
Pile of wood piled according to the requirements of the wood drying process. Synonyms Wood pile
4.20 Pile area
The area where the wood pile is piled in the air-dried board yard.
Stickers; stick, crosser
Strips of wood that separate each layer of wood in the wood pile. Synonyms Spacers
Sticker spacing
The distance between the sticks placed on the same layer of wood. 4.23foundation
The foundation that supports the timber during air drying.
4.24roof
The cover plate set on the top of the air-dried timber pile to protect it from the sun and rain. 4.25
piling method
The method of stacking timber according to the drying process requirements. flat stacking
Stacking of timber placed horizontally.
end stacking;end piling4.27
Stacking of timber placed vertically.
slopepiling
Stacking of timber placed diagonally during air drying.
lappiling
Stacking of timber stacked in overlapping layers.
open piling
Stacking of timber with each layer separated by pads.
Solid piling
Solid piling in which the wood is in direct contact with each other. 4.32
Package piling
Pile the wood flat into a unit pile of a certain cross-section (such as 1m×1m). 4.33Self-crossing
Pile the wood itself as a cushion. 4.34SpacebetweenpilesThe distance between piles.
Chimneys in pile
Ventilation ducts inside the pile.
Cracks
The horizontal spacing between the wood slabs placed on the cushion. Vertical flue;chimney4.37
The gaps between the layers of boards on the same vertical line form a duct that allows the medium to flow up and down. 4.38 Stacking; loading
The operation of stacking wood into piles.
4.39 Unstacking; unloading
The operation of dismantling piles.
4.40 Wide piles
Pile of wood with a width of more than 2.5 m when air-dried. 4.41 Narrow piles
Pile of wood with a width of less than 2.5 m when air-dried. 5 Drying defects and drying quality
5.1 Drying defects
Defects that occur in the drying process of wood.
5.2 Drying checks
GB/T 15035—94
Cracks that occur in the drying process of wood, including end cracks, surface cracks, split cracks, wheel cracks and internal cracks. 5.3 End check
Cracks that occur along the radial direction of the end surface of wood during drying. 5.4 Surface check
Cracks that occur on the surface of wood in the early stage of drying due to tensile stress exceeding the tensile strength of the wood's transverse grain. 5.5 Split
Cracks that extend to both sides of the wood during drying. 5.6 Ring shake; ring crack Annular or solitary cracks that occur along the growth rings on the end surface of wood in the early stage of drying. Synonyms: Ring shake
5.7 Internal check; heneycombing Mainly refers to cracks that occur inside the wood in the late stage of drying or during storage after drying. 5.8 Distortion
Shape change caused by wood drying and storage. 5.9 Warp
General term for the warping and bending of wood during drying mainly due to differences in diameter, chord and longitudinal shrinkage. 5.10 Bow
Bow-shaped curvature of the wood surface along the length of the wood during drying. Synonyms Bow
5.11 Crook
Bend of the wood edge along the length of the wood on a plane parallel to the wood surface during drying. Synonyms Edge bend
5.12 Cup
Bend of the sawn wood along the width of the wood during drying. Synonyms Tile bend
5.13 Twist
Bend in a spiral along the length of the wood; or one corner of the wood surface tilts diagonally, and the four corners are not in the same plane. Diamond deformation
Diamonding
During drying, the cross section of the square wood becomes diamond-shaped due to the large shrinkage in the growth ring direction. 5.15 Case hardeningResidual tensile deformation produced on the surface of the wood in the early stage of drying. reverse case hardening
5.16 Reverse case hardening
The wood surface produces the opposite compressive residual deformation due to excessive heat and moisture treatment to relieve the surface hardening (tensile residual deformation). 186
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5.17 Set
GB/T 15035-94
The wood forms a fixed residual deformation under the action of tension or compression stress. 5.18 collapse;crimp
The wrinkle-like depression on the surface of wood during drying, often accompanied by internal cracks. Synonyms collapse
discoloration
The brownish red or brownish discoloration of the material under the influence of high temperature, high humidity or long-term smoke during drying. 5.20
char
Mainly refers to the fact that the wood becomes charred due to overheating of the parts with very low moisture content (about 5%) during microwave or high-frequency dry blasting. 5.21
degrade
The quality grade of wood is reduced due to defects during drying. 5.22 overdrying
The wood is dried for too long, so that the final moisture content is much lower than the required moisture content. 5.23 teat piece
The material used for drying test.
Sample board
A wooden board used to test the moisture content or stress of wood during the drying process. Moisture content sample board5.25
A wooden board used to measure the moisture content of wood during the drying process. 5.26
Stress sample boardStress sample boardA wooden board used to test the stress of wood during the drying process. 5.27 Test board
A wooden board used to measure the moisture content and stress of wood after drying according to certain requirements. 5.28Moisture content sectionA wooden board used to test the moisture content of the material during drying. Stress section
A wooden board used to test the stress of wood during drying.
Fork teeth are promg
Toothed test piece for testing the drying stress of the material.5.31
Drying quality
The quality of the material after drying.
Drying cost
The total cost of equipment depreciation, energy consumption, wages, management fees, etc. for drying 1m of wood.5.33Energy consumptionenergy consumptionThe heat and (or) electricity consumed in the drying process.5.34Specific energy consumptionSpecific energy consumptionThe heat and electricity consumed in 1m of dried wood or 1kg of evaporated water.5.35Heat consumptionheat consumption
The heat consumed by the material in the drying process.Heat lossheat loss
The heat lost through the drying chamber shell and due to ventilation during the drying process.Steam consumptionsteam consumption
The amount of steam consumed during the drying process.
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GB/T 15035--94
5.38 Electrisity consumption;power consumption The amount of electricity consumed during the drying process.
5.39 Radiating surface The surface heat transfer area of ​​the heater.
6 Drying theory
6.1 Wood drying;wood seasoning usually refers to the process of removing moisture from wood by evaporation or boiling under the action of heat energy. 6.2
Drying mechanism
The physical laws of wood drying.
6.3 Wood drying statics The science of studying the state equilibrium between the drying medium and the wood (such as equilibrium moisture content, final moisture content). 6.4 Wood drying dynamics The science of studying the occurrence and development of stress in the wood during drying. 5 Wood drying kinematics dryingkinematics6.5
The science of studying the evaporation and movement of wood moisture. Drying ratedryingrate
The value of the moisture content of wood reduced per unit time (hour or minute) during the drying process. 6.7
Drying curvedrying curve
The relationship curve between the moisture content of wood and time during the drying process. 6.8Temperature curvetemperature curveThe relationship curve between the temperature of the medium and the drying time during the drying process. 6.9Drying rate curvedrying rate curveThe rate of change (dW/dz) of the moisture content variable (△W) of wood to the drying time variable (△r) during the drying process. 0Drying gradientdryinggradient
The ratio of the moisture content of wood to the equilibrium moisture content at the temperature and humidity of the medium. 6.11 Drying powerdrying power
The potential energy of the moisture removed from wood during drying, which can be expressed by the difference between the dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures. 2Drying mediumdrying medium
The medium that transfers heat to the wood and takes away water vapor during drying. Moist air
A mixture of dry air and water vapor.
6.14 Superheated steam Unsaturated steam whose temperature is higher than the saturation temperature at that pressure, including normal pressure and superheated steam at overpressure. 6.15 Furnace gas
The hot gas generated by burning fuel in a stove, used as a heat source or drying medium. 6.16 Fresh air
Dry and cold air sucked into the drying chamber through the air intake. Exhaust air
Hot and humid gas discharged from the drying chamber through the exhaust duct. 6.18 Absolute moisture content refers to the percentage of the weight of water contained in wood to the absolute dry weight of wood. 6.19 Relative moisture content158
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GB/T 15035--94
refers to the percentage of the weight of the moisture content of wood to the total weight of the wood including moisture. 6.20 Wood equilibrium moisture contentwood equilibrium moisture contentmoisture content when the dry and wet state of finely divided wood reaches equilibrium with the temperature and humidity of the surrounding medium. adsorption stabilizing moisture content6.21
The constant moisture content that wood finally reaches after absorbing moisture (vapor) within the range of fiber saturation point. 6.22
Desorption stabilizing moisture contentdesorption stabilizing moisture contentThe constant moisture content that wood finally reaches after losing moisture (vapor) within the range of fiber saturation point. 6.23
Initial moisture contentmoisture content of wood at the beginning of the drying process. 6.24 Final moisture content The moisture content of wood at the end of the drying process. 6.25 Layer moisture content The moisture content of wood divided into odd-numbered layers of equal thickness according to thickness. Used to determine the moisture content deviation and moisture content distribution between the center layer and the surface layer in the thickness of the wood.
6.26 Average moisture content The average moisture content of the inner and outer layers in the thickness of the wood, or the average moisture content of the test wood in the pile. 6.27
Actual moisture content The moisture content of the wood measured at a certain moment in the drying process. 6.28
Desired moisture content The moisture content required to be achieved by the technical regulations.
6. 29 Moisture content of green wood The moisture content of newly felled wood.
6.30 Transport moisture content refers to the moisture content of the sawn timber dried to 20% so that it will not be harmed by fungi and insects during transportation. 6.31 Moisture content gradient of wood refers to the rate of change of the moisture content difference between the inner and outer layers of the wood during the drying process. 6.32 Initial weight; original weight refers to the weight of the test material weighed before the drying process begins. 6.33 absolute dry weight; oven dry weight the weight of the test material after all moisture (free water and bound water) has been removed by drying. Synonyms oven dry weight; total dry weight
6.34 drying time; drying cycle; drying duration the duration of the entire drying process from the initial moisture content of the wood to the final moisture content. Synonyms drying cycle; drying duration
6.35 drying stress
stress occurring in the inner and outer layers of the wood due to uneven drying and differential shrinkage. 6.36 tensile stress
stress occurring in the part of the wood whose moisture content is reduced to below the fiber saturation point due to tension. 6.37 compressive stress stress occurring in the part of the wood whose moisture content is above the fiber saturation point or which is surface hardened due to compression. 6.38 residual stress residual stress stress occurring due to residual deformation.
6.39 Dry-bulb temperature189
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GB/T 15035—94
The temperature of the dry-bulb thermometer in a wet-bulb thermometer (hygrometer). 6.40 Wet-bulb temperatureThe temperature of the wet-bulb thermometer in a wet-bulb thermometer (hygrometer). 6.41 Hygrometric difference; wet-bulb depressionThe difference between the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature in a hygrometer. 6.42 Initial temperatureThe temperature of the medium at the beginning of the drying process.
6.43 Final temperatureThe temperature of the medium at the end of the drying process.
6.44 Highest temperatureThe highest temperature of the medium that can be reached by the heating capacity of the drying chamber. 6.45 Cooling limit temperature; wet-bulb temperature The temperature at which the drying medium reaches saturation during the evaporation of water (i.e., wet-bulb temperature). 6.46 Moisture movement in wood The movement of moisture in the wood from the inside to the surface during drying. 6.47
Desorption
The process by which wood loses moisture within the fiber saturation point range. 6.48 Adsorption
The process by which wood absorbs water vapor from the surrounding gas medium and becomes wet within the fiber saturation point range. 6.49 Absorption hysteresis The phenomenon in which the stable moisture content of moisture absorption is lower than the stable moisture content of desorption. Uneven shrinkage 6.50
During drying, the inner and outer layers of the material shrink inconsistently due to moisture content gradient or anisotropy. 6.51
Desorption isotherm The relationship curve between the desorption moisture content of wood and the relative vapor pressure of gas when the medium temperature remains unchanged. 6.52Www.bzxZ.net
Absorption isotherm
The relationship between the moisture content of wood and the relative vapor pressure of gas when the medium temperature remains unchanged. 6.53Adiabatic evaporation processThe evaporation process of water when the heat content of the drying medium remains unchanged. 6.54Steady evaporation processThe evaporation process of water when the cooling limit temperature of the drying medium remains unchanged. 6.55
Forced circulation(draught)The drying medium is driven to circulate in the drying chamber by a ventilator. 6.56
Natural circulation(draught)The circulation of gaseous medium due to the different densities when hot and cold. 6.57
Cross(transverse)circulationThe drying medium repeatedly passes through the wood pile horizontally and perpendicularly to the side of the wood pile. 6.58Vertical circulationThe drying medium repeatedly flows vertically up and down through the wood pile. 6.59RecirculationThe drying medium repeatedly flows through the wood pile in the drying chamber. 6.60 Reverse circulation In the continuous drying room, the airflow circulates in the opposite direction to the direction of the material pile.54 Steady evaporation process steadyevaporationprocess The process of evaporation of water when the cooling limit temperature of the drying medium remains unchanged. 6.55
Forced circulation forced circulation (draught) The drying medium is driven by a fan to circulate in the drying room. 6.56
Natural circulation natural circulation (draught) The circulation of gaseous medium due to the different densities when hot and cold. 6.57
Cross (transverse) circulation The drying medium repeatedly passes through the pile of materials horizontally and perpendicularly to the sides of the pile. 6.58Vertical circulation vertical circulation The drying medium repeatedly flows vertically up and down through the pile of materials. 6.59 Reciprocating circulation Reverse circulation In a continuous drying room, the airflow circulates in the opposite direction of the movement of the pile of materials. 190
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Free download of standard industry information54 Steady evaporation process steadyevaporationprocess The process of evaporation of water when the cooling limit temperature of the drying medium remains unchanged. 6.55
Forced circulation forced circulation (draught) The drying medium is driven by a fan to circulate in the drying room. 6.56
Natural circulation natural circulation (draught) The circulation of gaseous medium due to the different densities when hot and cold. 6.57
Cross (transverse) circulation The drying medium repeatedly passes through the pile of materials horizontally and perpendicularly to the sides of the pile. 6.58Vertical circulation vertical circulation The drying medium repeatedly flows vertically up and down through the pile of materials. 6.59 Reciprocating circulation Reverse circulation In a continuous drying room, the airflow circulates in the opposite direction of the movement of the pile of materials. 190
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