GB/T 3309-1989 Mechanical tests for high voltage switchgear at room temperature
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Switching Equipment
Mechanical Test at Ambient Temperature for High-voltage Switchgear
GB 3309-89
Replaces GH3309-82
This standard adopts the international standards IEC56 AC High-voltage Circuit Breakers (1981 Edition) and IEC129 AC High-voltage Disconnectors and Earthing Switches (1984 Edition).
This standard specifies the mechanical test methods for high-voltage switchgear at ambient temperature. This standard is applicable to mechanical tests at ambient temperature (hereinafter referred to as mechanical tests) for AC high-voltage circuit breakers, AC high-voltage load switches, AC high-voltage disconnectors and earthing switches, combination electrical appliances, metal-enclosed switchgear and various operating mechanisms with a rated voltage of 3~500kV and a frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz.
1 Terminology
1.1 Mechanical test at room temperature
Mechanical test conducted at the normal ambient temperature of the high-voltage switchgear test site: 1.2 Operating voltage
The stable voltage applied to the terminals of the operating mechanism when the switchgear is operated. 1.3 Root mean square ripple factor (with load) Root mean square ripple factor =
Root mean square value of the AC component
×100%
Absolute value of the DC component
1.4 Other terms used in this standard comply with the provisions of GB2900.1 & Basic Terms of Electrical Terms and GB2900.20% Electrical Terms and High-voltage Switchgear. 2 General
2.1 Test content
Under normal circumstances, mechanical tests include mechanical characteristic tests, mechanical operation tests, mechanical life tests and terminal static tension tests. The specific contents are specified by various high-voltage switchgear standards and technical conditions. 2.2 Test requirements
In addition to the provisions of this standard, the various requirements of mechanical tests shall also comply with the provisions of product technical conditions, and shall not be lower than the requirements of the corresponding national standards and professional standards for various types of products included in high-voltage switchgear. 2.2.1 Requirements for test products
The test products for mechanical tests shall include high-voltage switchgear and all its auxiliary components. The connection and medium conditions of the test product's operating circuit and control circuit with the power supply shall be consistent with the operating conditions. If they are indeed equivalent after verification, it is allowed to test with alternative media. 2.2.1.1 For high-voltage switchgear that operates multiple phases with one operating mechanism, in principle, the multiple phases should be tested as a whole. If limited by the test site, single-phase testing of disconnectors and earthing switches of 110kV and above is allowed under the conditions of ensuring equivalence or stricter conditions. Approved by the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry of the People's Republic of China on August 10, 1988 and implemented on October 1, 1989
GB 3309--89
2.2.1.2 High-voltage switchgear operated by a separate operating mechanism for each phase can be subjected to single-phase tests. 2.2.2 Requirements for operating power supply
2.2.2.1 The ratio of the difference between the no-load voltage and the operating voltage to the operating voltage shall not exceed 25%. 2.2.2.2 When a rectifier power supply is used, the root mean square ripple factor of the power supply voltage shall not exceed 10%. 2.2.3 Requirements for test control equipment
In addition to ensuring the normal progress of the test, the control equipment of the mechanical test shall also have the ability to distinguish between equipment failures and test product failures.
2.3 Test conditions
The mechanical test is carried out at room temperature at the test site. During the test: Generally, no voltage or current is applied to the main circuit, except for the power supply required for measurement and the direct overcurrent release test of the high-voltage switchgear equipped with a direct overcurrent release. 2.4 Inspection of the test product before the test
Before the test, a general inspection should be carried out on the test product. The test product must meet the requirements of the drawings and technical documents. General inspection items include the product model, specification, general assembly, installation method, indicating component position, electrical control circuit wiring and the model and specification of the supporting electrical components that affect the operating performance.
2.5 Test of different installation methods
In principle, each different installation method of the tested high-voltage switchgear should be tested and assessed, and one or several stricter installation methods can also be selected for test and assessment.
2.6 Test of different combinations of high-voltage switchgear body and operating mechanism When the high-voltage switchgear can be equipped with multiple types of operating mechanisms, its different combinations should be tested and assessed. 2.7 Matching test of high-voltage switchgear body and operating mechanism The high-voltage switchgear body should generally be tested with its own operating mechanism. However, for the factory mechanical test of high-voltage switchgear of 10kV and below, it is allowed to test the high-voltage switchgear body and operating mechanism separately under the condition of ensuring equivalence. 3 Mechanical characteristics test
The purpose of the mechanical characteristics test is to assess whether the mechanical characteristics parameters of the product meet the requirements of the product technical conditions under the specified conditions. The mechanical characteristics test should generally be carried out under the following circumstances, and the specific content is specified by the product standards and technical conditions: a. Rated operating voltage with rated operating liquid (gas) positive force; b. Maximum operating voltage with maximum operating liquid (gas) pressure c. Minimum operating voltage with minimum operating liquid (gas) pressure: d. Minimum operating voltage with maximum operating liquid (gas) pressure. 3.1 Inspection items and methods
All mechanical characteristics specified in the product technical conditions must be measured and must meet the requirements. If there is any adjustment during the measurement, all the items that have an impact should be re-measured.
3.1.1 Opening time
The opening time is measured according to the method in Figure 1. For high-voltage switchgear with parallel resistors, the opening time of the parallel resistor contacts should also be measured.
3.1.2 Closing time
GB3309--89
Figure 1 Measurement of opening time
α, b, c measurement signals of each phase; d-opening operation command; AA-the moment when the switch receives the opening command; BB-the moment when the arc contact of the last phase contacts; t-1-1-1 The measurement of closing time is carried out according to the method in Figure 2. For high-voltage switchgear with parallel resistors, the closing time of the parallel resistor contacts should also be measured.
Figure 2 Measurement of closing time
α.b, —Measurement signal of each phase; —Close operation command; AA—The moment when the switch receives the closing command; R--The moment when the lone contact of the last phase contacts; Close-close time 3.1.3 Opening and closing synchronism
Opening and closing synchronism should be measured according to the actual operation mode of high-voltage switchgear. The synchronism error caused by the different contact of arc contacts or protection rings can be ignored after identification. 3.1.4 Opening-closing time (automatic reclosing time) is measured according to the automatic reclosing operation sequence, which can be carried out simultaneously with the measurements specified in Articles 3.1.1 and 3.1.2. 3.1.5 Closing-opening time
Measured according to the \closing-opening\ operation sequence, which can be carried out simultaneously with the measurements specified in Articles 3.1.1 and 3.1.2. 3.1.6 Travel, opening distance, overtravel
Measured with length measuring instruments such as steel rulers and tape measures. 3.1.7 Contact pressure
Use a calibrated special device to directly measure and take the minimum value of 3 measurements. You can also use a verified conversion method for indirect measurement.
3.1.8 Manual operating torque
GB3309—89
Use a calibrated special device to measure and take the maximum value of 3 measurements. When operating, pay attention to the consistency of the force application direction and the movement direction of the handle. Lubricate the specified parts before measurement.
3-1.9 Opening-closing speed
When measuring the opening-closing speed, the average speed of the section specified in the product technical conditions should be taken. It can usually be divided into the speed of just opening, the speed of just closing and the maximum opening speed: when there is no specification in the technical conditions, it is generally recommended to take the average speed within 0.01s after just opening and before just closing as the speed of just opening and just closing, respectively, and take the calculation starting point of the nominal overtravel as the calculation point of just opening and just closing. The maximum opening speed is the maximum value of the average speed of the section during the opening process of the switch, but the length of the section shall be in accordance with the technical conditions. If there is no regulation, it shall be calculated as 0.01s. The measuring instrument can be a drum tachometer, and various travel recorders are equipped with oscilloscopes, electromagnetic oscillators, digital display tachometers and microcomputer speed measuring devices. The speed is the average of three measurement results. bzxZ.net
3.1.10 Time-travel characteristics
The measurement method of the time-travel characteristics of high-voltage switch equipment shall be in accordance with the product technical conditions. 3.1.11 Interlocking, protection and signaling devices
All interlocking, protection and signaling devices that affect the operation should be checked for no less than 3 times. The action values should be within the specified value range, and the sent signals should be accurate and reliable.
3.1.12 Other mechanical characteristics
The action time of the exhaust valve of the high-voltage switchgear with gas as the medium; sealing; gas density and pressure; duration of the opening and closing command pulse, delay and return characteristics of the delayed overcurrent and undervoltage release; energy storage time of the operating mechanism: energy consumption of the gas-operated device; pre-pressure, starting pressure and stop pressure of the self-charging device, the action coordination of the auxiliary switch contact and the main contact; the characteristic values specified by the manufacturer such as the opening and closing operation voltage and current stability value. The measurement method shall be in accordance with the relevant standards or product technical conditions. 3.2 Provisions on the measurement of certain parameters
The measurement of opening and closing synchronism, travel, opening distance, overtravel, etc. shall be measured directly according to the actual operating conditions; indirect measurement can only be used after verification of equivalence and stated in the product technical documents. 4 Mechanical operation test
The purpose of the mechanical operation test is to check the operating performance of the product under the specified operating conditions and the reliability of closing, opening, closing and reclosing operations.
4.1 High-voltage switchgear with power or manual energy storage operating mechanism shall be subjected to mechanical operation test at the times specified in the corresponding product standards or technical conditions.
4.1.1 Continuously perform opening and closing operations under the specified operating electric (liquid, gas) voltage. 4.1.2 For high-voltage switchgear with automatic reclosing operation, in the event of an unsuccessful automatic reclosing operation (i.e. "open-close-open") or an opening signal for high-voltage switchgear with non-automatic reclosing operation, the main contact of the high-voltage switchgear can be closed, or it can be issued by an intermediate relay, provided that the tested high-voltage switchgear reaches the closing position and the closing-opening time is not greater than the specified value. "" should take the shortest dynamic reclosing opening-closing time specified in the product technical specifications. 41.3 For high-voltage switchgear with manual closing function, the opening and closing operations specified number of times by hand should also be performed in accordance with the corresponding relevant product standards or technical conditions.
4.2 For high-voltage switchgear equipped with multiple releases, each release should be subjected to 3 opening operations under the parameters specified in the relevant product standards and technical conditions.
4.2.1 For high-voltage switchgear equipped with overcurrent release, the different levels of tripping current shall be evaluated separately, so that the iron core is in the initial position, and the current is adjusted to the minimum value sufficient to cause the overcurrent release to operate. It should be reliable to open the gate, and each level of tripping current should be within the specified range. 4.2.2 For high-voltage switchgear equipped with undervoltage release, the voltage on the coil of the undervoltage release shall be quickly reduced from the rated operating voltage to 65% and then slowly reduced to 35% of the rated operating voltage. It must open the gate without false opening. Then it shall slowly rise to 85% of the rated operating voltage, and it shall be able to close reliably. GB3309—89
4.2.3 For high-voltage switchgear equipped with shunt release, it shall be able to open the gate at 65%, 100% and 120% of the rated operating voltage. 4.2.4 For high-voltage switchgear equipped with shunt release (the hydraulic and pneumatic operating mechanisms should be under rated hydraulic and pneumatic pressures), operate continuously for 3 times at 30% of the rated operating voltage, and the switch shall not be opened.
4.3 For high-voltage switchgear with automatic tripping devices, 3 tests shall be carried out as specified in the product technical conditions, and all of them shall be able to trip freely and normally. 4.4 For high-voltage switchgear with anti-jump devices, 3 normal anti-jump tests shall be carried out. 4.5 For high-voltage switchgear equipped with spring-loaded operating mechanisms, they shall be in the closed position, and the closing springs of the operating mechanisms shall be fully energized (unless otherwise specified), and 3 no-load closing operation tests shall be carried out, and there shall be no abnormalities in the operating mechanisms. If there is no clear stipulation in the product technical conditions, this is only a type test item.
4.6 For high-voltage switchgear equipped with hydraulic operating mechanisms When turning off the equipment, it should be in the closed position. After the pressure of the operating mechanism drops to zero, operate the valve manually, and then re-pressurize it to the pump stop pressure. Test 3 times, and no slow separation action should occur. 4.7 During the entire mechanical operation test, select the normally open and normally closed spare contacts that are not in the same group on the auxiliary switch, at least one pair of each, and monitor with sound or light signals.
4.8 High-voltage switchgear equipped with a manual operating mechanism, in addition to the provisions of the relevant provisions in this chapter, should also comply with the provisions of the corresponding product standards and technical conditions.
5 Mechanical life test
The purpose of the mechanical life test is to verify whether the high-voltage switchgear can withstand the specified number of opening and closing air-cutting operations under the conditions of specified mechanical characteristics and without replacing parts; at the same time, the stability of the product's mechanical operation is assessed. 5.1 Test conditions
5.1.1 The operating electric (hydraulic, gas) voltage of the mechanical life test shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of the product standards or technical conditions. 5.1.2 For high-voltage switchgear equipped with multiple releases, the number of times each release is operated shall not be less than 10% of the total number of mechanical life; for high-voltage switchgear equipped with direct overcurrent releases, 10% of the total number of mechanical life shall be carried out by applying low-voltage operating current in the main circuit, and the remaining number of operations shall be in accordance with the product technical conditions. The operating current of the overcurrent release is the minimum value that the overcurrent release is required to operate. The release voltage of the undervoltage release shall be 35% of the rated operating voltage. 5.1.3 For high-voltage switchgear equipped with auxiliary switches, the provisions of Article 4.7 shall be followed during the entire process of the mechanical life test, and the auxiliary switches shall be monitored and evaluated.
5.1.4 In the mechanical life test, the working pressure of high-voltage switchgear with gas as the medium shall be applied in accordance with the product standards or technical conditions. If there are no provisions, it is recommended to apply the rated working pressure. 5.2 Number and distribution of tests
The number and distribution of mechanical life tests shall be in accordance with the product standards or technical conditions. The number of mechanical operation tests conducted before the mechanical life test can be counted into the number of mechanical life tests if no adjustment is made after the test. 5.3 Operation sequence and test order
According to the product standard or technical conditions.
5.4 Operation frequency
The operation frequency of the mechanical life test is to consider the need to restore the initial operation of the high-voltage switchgear and prevent overheating of its components during the test. The specific value is in accordance with the product technical conditions. 5.5 Test regulations
5.5.1 During the test, except for special provisions of the product standard or technical conditions, lubrication is only allowed according to the instructions of the manufacturer's technical documents, and mechanical adjustment or other maintenance is not allowed. 5.5.2 If adjustments are made during the test that do not meet the standard requirements, the test should be repeated after the adjustments. 6 Terminal static pull test
6.1 The purpose of the terminal static pull test is to verify whether the outdoor high-voltage switchgear can be reliably operated under the action of the rated terminal static pull.
GB3309-89
6.2 The test method shall be carried out in accordance with the product standards or technical conditions. 1.
7 Mechanical test criteria
During and after the mechanical test, the test product shall be able to operate normally, have the ability to carry its rated current, close and interrupt its rated short-circuit current (for high-voltage switchgear with such ability) and withstand the voltage value of its rated insulation level. Generally, meeting all the following requirements shall be used as the mechanical test qualification criteria.
7.1 During and after the entire test, there shall be no leakage beyond the provisions of the product technical conditions, and there shall be no refusal to open, refusal to close, false opening, false closing, and abnormal phenomena and failures that affect the normal operation of the product. The auxiliary switch shall have reliable contact and normal switching. F
7.2 After the test, the high-voltage switchgear shall meet the requirements of mechanical operating performance specified in the product standards or technical conditions. 7.3 After the test, the mechanical characteristics and loop resistance of the test product shall meet the relevant provisions of the technical conditions. 7.4 After the test, the normal conductive contact surface of the switch contact in the closed state shall retain the coating, otherwise, the temperature rise shall be taken as that of the exposed material.
Unmatched
7.5 After the test, all parts shall not show excessive wear or permanent deformation that has an adverse effect on operation or prevents the normal matching of replaceable parts.
7.6 The rated withstand voltage of the auxiliary equipment and control equipment of the high-voltage switchgear must be qualified. GB 3309-89
Appendix A
Requirements for type test report of mechanical test
(reference)
Type test report of mechanical test shall generally include the following contents: A1 Overview
Name of the commissioning unit and manufacturer;
Test category;
Test purpose;
Test nature and basis;
Model, name and factory number of the test product; test date.
Main technical parameters of the test product
Rated voltage, kV,
Maximum operating voltage, kV;
Rated current, A;
Rated short-circuit breaking current, kA;
Rated dynamic stability current, kA1
Rated thermal stability current, kA:
Rated thermal stability time.s:
Operating voltage, V;
Operating air pressure range, Pa;
Opening and closing speed, m/s;
Opening and closing time, ;
Opening and closing synchronicity, us;
Stroke, overstroke, mm;
Opening-closing time, 5;
Closing-opening time, s;
Operating frequency:
Circuit resistance, 2.
Test conditions
Test parameters, test methods, test conditions and environmental conditions (temperature and humidity, etc.) during the test of main measuring equipment and instruments. Test product conditions (such as platform, phase, unit, installation method and number, etc.). A3.4
Specific test items and requirements.
A3.5Related states of the test product before, during and after the test. A3.6
According to the requirements of the test items, record the measured data, phenomena and processing conditions and provide relevant information. A3.7 Test results
Test results should be given for each part of the mechanical test. 43.8 Conclusion
GB 3309-89
According to the test results and criteria of each part. Clearly give the conclusion of the mechanical test of the test product. Based on the test results and criteria, the overall plan of the mechanical test is proposed and supervised by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of High Voltage Switchgear. This standard is drafted by Beijing Switchgear Factory.
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