Some standard content:
ICS01.110
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T31019-—2014
Mobile laboratory
Guidance on ergonomic principles
Mobile laboratory-Guidance on ergonomic principlesIssued on September 3, 2014
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaAdministrative Committee of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
2015-02-01Implementation
GB/T31019—2014
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
Design principles
Design process
Design realization, implementation and verification·
This standard was drafted according to the rules given in GB/T1.1—2009. GB/T31019—2014
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Mobile Laboratories (SAC/TC509) and the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Ergonomics (SAC/TC7).
The drafting units of this standard are: Tieling Luping Special Purpose Vehicle Co., Ltd., China National Institute of Standardization, Shenyang Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Liaoning Luping Machinery Co., Ltd., and China Inspection Alliance (Beijing) Quality Inspection Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are: Ling Tucheng, Guo Jiang, Xie Yan, Zhang Hanwen, Chen Xuehui, Zhang Fengqing, Wu Changwei, Hu Huimin, Zhao Chaoyi, Sun Mingjun, Wang Yaxin, and Yin Jianjun.
GB/T31019—2014
With the development of science and technology and the improvement of economic level, while meeting the functionality and safety, people have put forward higher requirements for the humanization of products. Ergonomics aims to design and improve products and environments in accordance with human physiological and psychological characteristics, so as to achieve the best match between man, machine and environment, and create "safe, healthy, comfortable and efficient" working and living conditions for people. Product design in accordance with ergonomic principles can effectively improve the market competitiveness of products and improve people's production and quality of life. Mobile laboratories are workplaces for experimenters in special environments, and their ergonomic characteristics have an important impact on the safety, health, comfort and work efficiency of personnel. It is necessary to stipulate the design principles and requirements of mobile laboratories that meet the physiological and psychological characteristics of the human body based on the principles of ergonomics.
This standard provides a basic ergonomic design principle and requirement for professionals and other relevant researchers engaged in mobile laboratory design.
According to this standard, the mobile laboratory design process should take into account the knowledge system of ergonomics. The ergonomics evaluation of existing or newly built mobile laboratories requires the participation of staff in the mobile laboratory. iiKacaQiaiKAca
1 Scope
Guide to Ergonomic Design of Mobile Laboratories GB/T31019—2014
This standard specifies the design principles, processes, realization, implementation, verification and evaluation of ergonomic design of mobile laboratories. This standard applies to the ergonomic design and use of various types of mobile laboratories. 2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T10000-1988 Human dimensions of Chinese adults GB/T12985-1991
GB/T13379-2008
GB/T13547—1992
GB/T147751993
GB/T147761993
GB/T16251-2008
GB/T189762003
General principles for the application of percentiles of human dimensions in product design Visual ergonomic principles Lighting of indoor workplaces Human dimensions of workspaces
General ergonomic requirements for manipulators
Ergonomics Principles for design of job dimensions and their values Ergonomic principles for design of work systems Human-centered interactive system design process GB/T18978.10- 2004
Ergonomic requirements for working with visual display terminals (VTDs) Part 10: Dialogue principles
GB/T20528.1-2006 Ergonomic requirements for working with flat-panel visual displays Part 1: Overview GB/T29475—2012 Design principles and basic requirements for mobile laboratories GB/T29600-2012
Technical specification for temperature and humidity control systems for mobile laboratories GB/T31017-2014
Terminology for mobile laboratories
JB/T50622006 Information display devices
General requirements for ergonomics
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T31017—2014 and GB/T16251—2008 apply to this document. 4 Design principles
4.1 Safety
4.1.1 For the storage of dangerous goods, the design should provide necessary measures. 4.1.2 There should be appropriate emergency systems and measures for handling accidents and self-rescue. Emergency equipment and facilities should have high reliability and clear identification.
4.1.3 If the failure of a certain function may cause equipment damage, personal injury or possible misoperation of key equipment, a fail-safe protection design should be provided.
4.1.4 The mobile laboratory should be designed to be sturdy and able to withstand operation, maintenance, replenishment and transportation in a changing use environment. 1
GB/T31019—2014
4.2 Simplification
On the basis of meeting the functional requirements and achieving the expected working conditions, the design of the mobile laboratory should be as simple as possible. 4.3 Standardization
The controllers, displays, markings, codes, labels and related layouts that perform the same functions should meet the standardization requirements. 4.4 Humanization
The mobile laboratory should consider factors such as human physiological and psychological characteristics and usage habits, so that the functions and requirements of the mobile laboratory are adapted to them.
5 Design process
5.1 Target definition
On the basis of sufficient research and demonstration, the target requirements and user objects of the mobile laboratory should be clarified, and described from the two aspects of operation and maintenance.
5.2 Functional analysis and allocation
Analyze the technical status of the mobile laboratory, decompose the mobile laboratory into functional units, and refine and allocate the ergonomic factors involved in each functional unit.
5.3 Overall design
5.3.1 Requirements
Put forward the overall requirements of ergonomics, determine the limit percentage, formulate environmental and safety control measures, determine the structure of the mobile laboratory and the interaction between its internal components. In the design process, the human-centered method and principles should be followed. For details, see GB/T18976-2003.5.3.2 Application of human body data
5.3.2.1 Static human body size
The specific requirements for the static human body size design are as follows:a) The static human body size data should be selected and used according to the actual needs of the project design. For specific size data, please refer to the relevant provisions of GB/T10000-1998GB/T12985-1991.GB/T13547-1992. Large-sized parts (such as hatches, exits, etc.) that allow human bodies to pass through should be determined according to the 95th percentile. b)
The limit size restricted by human body extension should be determined according to the 5th percentile. The adjustable size range should be determined based on the 5th and 95th percentiles. Determine the human body size percentile based on special needs. 5.3.2.2 Human body motion range
The specific requirements for the human body motion range design are as follows: The operating position should allow the body trunk to move freely. When a large force or a large manipulation displacement is required, the operator should be provided with sufficient body movement space.
The range of human joint motion can be found in GB/T13547-1992. When used as a direct function such as manipulation or maintenance equipment, the lower limit value should be taken. When used as a design requirement for freedom of movement, the upper limit value should be taken. 2
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5.3.3 Functional layout
5.3.3.1 Requirements
GB/T31019—2014
Mobile laboratories should be divided into work areas according to their use functions. The layout of equipment and facilities in each area should be arranged and arranged according to the order and frequency of use. If it is not possible to arrange them according to the use functions, the most frequently used or most important equipment should be placed in the position closest to the operation. Instruments, equipment and facilities should be fixed and reliable during work and movement. The layout of equipment should take into account the spatial conditions and the human-machine interface conditions, and be designed based on the relevant data of human body measurement.
5.3.3.2 Working surface
The working surface of the equipment should be directly in front of the operator. When there are more than one equipment, a surround layout with the main equipment as the center should be selected. The specific size of the layout should be suitable for the 5th and 95th percentile operators, and appropriate free movement space should be provided for the operator if necessary.
5.3.3.3 Accommodation space
The space required for the operator to accommodate the knees and feet when approaching the equipment and the space for placing tools or other necessities should be provided. 5.3.3.4 Shared space
The size increment caused by clothing, personal equipment, etc. and the degree of interference between the manipulation actions of personnel should be considered to enable the operator to operate smoothly and effectively.
5.3.4 Space design
5.3.4.1 Requirements
Space design should give priority to the operator's ability to smoothly perform the specified work in the designed space. The design should be based on anthropometric data and comprehensively coordinate space limitations, human-machine interface conditions, and working environment. 5.3.4.2 Workspace design
5.3.4.2.1 Operation space
The design of the space of sitting, standing, and sitting-standing alternating workstations mainly for manual operation should meet the relevant requirements of GB/T14776--1993. The design should be based on anthropometric data under the specified working posture. Standing is suitable for routine, frequent activities and short-term work: sitting is suitable for long-term, high-control precision and work that requires the joint operation of all four limbs.
5.3.4.2.2 Equipment and furniture space
Should ensure that the drawers and doors can be opened while the operators are working. 5.3.4.2.3 Personnel passage space
Attention should be paid to the number of people passing through, the direction and frequency, the posture of passage, and the nature of work in various postures: the size increase caused by clothing, handling and other reasons, the sharp angles, burrs, cables and other items that can cause personal injury; the insulation and anti-slip properties of the bottom plate should provide protection space to ensure that the personnel can carry out normal work and in dangerous moments. 5.3.4.3 Storage space
The design requirements of the storage space are as follows
GB/T31019-2014
There should be space and measures required to store necessary first aid medicines and other items and spare parts carried with the mobile laboratory. a)
The items to be placed should be fixed.
The items to be placed should not hinder the functions of other systems. c
The stored items should not hinder the entry and exit and operation of personnel. e) There should be a layout diagram of storage items to explain the items and their storage locations. 5.4 Specific design
5.4.1 Vehicle design
The design of the mobile laboratory carrier platform, regardless of the form adopted, should meet the requirements of 6.2 in GB/T294752012. 5.4.1.2
2 The vehicle design should have an auxiliary support and leveling system. 5.4.1.3 The trailer-type mobile laboratory vehicle should preferably have a universal trailer interface and should be suitable for transportation by conventional towing vehicles. It should be able to provide a shock-absorbing environment for the upper equipment.
5.4.1.4 The vehicle design should consider the smoothness requirements during the movement. 5.4.1.5 The vehicle design should take into account the deployment time required to quickly reach the working state after the laboratory is moved to the site. 5.4.1.6 The vehicle should be equipped with ladders or steps for users, and should be designed according to the number of people passing through and the total weight of the items they carry, and comprehensively consider factors such as anti-slip, fixation, safety, weight, and volume. 5.4.2 Design of experimental cabin
5.4.2.1 Bulkhead
For mobile experimental cabins equipped with temperature control systems, the bulkheads should be airtight and heat-insulating. 5.4.2.2 Cabin doors
The design requirements for cabin doors are as follows:
a) When conventional access doors are used as the only access for personnel, hinged doors should be installed and open outwards. The door leaf should be equipped with an observation window. The fixed equipment should be at least 75mm away from the door leaf sweeping area. The door should be as close to the ground as possible and should be able to be opened with only simple movements. It should be suitable for operators equipped with appropriate equipment and wearing appropriate clothing to enter and exit. b) Emergency doors and safety doors should be easy to operate and easy to access, easy to find and operate in the dark, open in no more than 3 seconds, and pass through in no more than 55 seconds.
c) Handles, locks, and handrails should be insulated to be suitable for use in hot and cold climates. Doors should be designed to prevent freezing in cold conditions
5.4.2.3 Passages
The passages should ensure that the 95th percentile operator can pass smoothly with the necessary equipment under the prescribed clothing conditions. 5.4.2.4 Nuclear, biological, and electromagnetic shielding
According to the requirements of the use environment, the design of the mobile laboratory can have a certain nuclear, biological, and electromagnetic shielding function. 5.4.3 Experimental instrument design
5.4.3.1 The selection and design of mobile laboratory instruments should meet the requirements of mobile characteristics. 5.4.3.2 Mobile laboratory instruments should be able to be removed and used as a whole, and their size, weight, and operation should meet the installation and maintenance requirements. iiKacaQiaiKAca-
5.4.4 Experimental equipment, facility design
5.4.4.1 Power supply system
5.4.4.1.1 General requirements
The general requirements for the power supply system are as follows:
GB/T31019-—2014
a) A control switch should be set near the door to facilitate opening and cutting off the indoor power supply. Equipment that still needs to run after the test is stopped should be connected to a dedicated power supply line to avoid affecting the work due to cutting off the main power supply. b) The power supply system should be equipped with a leakage protector. The grounding system of the mobile laboratory can ensure personal safety. General grounding types include safety protection grounding, anti-static grounding, DC grounding, lightning protection grounding, etc.
When the mobile laboratory is equipped with two or more power supplies with different voltages or frequencies, it is advisable to set up distribution protection devices separately and have d)
clear distinction or signs. When the same distribution protection device is used for power supply, isolation measures should be taken. e) Provide corresponding power sockets according to the placement and power consumption of the experimental instruments. 5.4.4.1.2 Wires
The design requirements of wires are as follows:
a) The wires should have obvious permanent coding marks, be laid neatly and beautifully, and be easy to install, test and maintain. For mobile equipment, the wires should have quick plug-in functions.
b) Each part with exposed terminals in the medium voltage or high voltage circuit should be protected to prevent short circuit, grounding or accidental touch by operation and maintenance personnel.
c) The principle of wire selection should consider the electromagnetic shielding characteristics of the wire, load power and current carrying capacity of the wire, application environment, etc. 5.4.4.2 Temperature, humidity and ventilation
The mobile laboratory should provide temperature, humidity and ventilation systems for personnel work, and have uniformity. The air inlet and outlet should not have adverse effects on people and equipment.
The parameter design requirements and evaluation of the cabin temperature environment should comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T296002012. 5.4.4.3 Experimental equipment and facilities with displays and controllers The design requirements for experimental equipment and facilities with displays and controllers are as follows: a) The design of the display and controller combination shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T20528.1-2006. b) The design of the controller shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T14775-1993. e) The design of the display shall comply with the relevant provisions of JB/T5062-2006. d) The human-computer interface shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T18978.10-2004. 5.4.4.4 Gas cylinders
The design requirements for gas cylinders are as follows:
a) Gas cylinders should be equipped with gas cylinder cabinets and alarms. b) Gas cylinders should be used for specific purposes and cannot be modified for other types of gases at will. c) Gas cylinders are strictly prohibited from being placed near fire sources, heat sources, and corrosive environments. d) Explosion-proof switches and lamps should be used in the gas cylinder area, and open flames are prohibited. 5
GB/T31019—2014
5.4.4.5 Ultraviolet disinfection lamp
The ultraviolet disinfection lamp should be turned on in a closed area. 5.4.4.6 Fire protection
The automatic fire alarm system should use an open, address-guided bus-type automatic alarm fire control system and be equipped with corresponding fire extinguishing devices.
5.4.4.7 Lighting
The design requirements of the lighting system are as follows:
a) The illumination of various operations and activities in different areas should be set according to the requirements of Table 1 in GB/T133792008. The light distribution should be reasonably set to minimize glare and reflection, and the illumination of special areas should be adjustable. A certain amount of portable lighting fixtures should be provided for emergency use.
b) In addition to providing the specified illumination for completing the task, the following factors should also be considered: the degree of contrast between the visual task target and its background: glare from the work surface and light source: the color combination of the lighting source and the surface of the equipment: the accuracy and time required for the task: possible changes in the task requirements or the operator's working conditions (such as illumination adjustment, etc.). c) When selecting the number and installation location of lighting devices, the accessibility of light, the ease of operation of the lighting devices, and the absence of glare should be considered.
5.4.4.8 Noise
Noise-generating facilities in the mobile laboratory should take sound insulation and noise elimination measures. The noise in the mobile laboratory should not exceed 68dB, and should not cause hearing damage to personnel, interfere with sound, communication, and instruments, cause fatigue, or affect the working efficiency of the entire system. 5.4.5 Maintenance Design
Maintenance design requirements are as follows:
a) Equipment and accessories should have independent and quick disassembly and assembly functions, which can be completed using manual tools and have measures to prevent misoperation. b) Equipment that generates vibration should adopt vibration isolation measures. c) The working space should allow the 5th and 95th percentile operators to wear cold-proof clothing and gloves to perform maintenance work normally. d) When necessary, the inspection port should not only accommodate hands, arms, and tools, but also leave sufficient observation space, or set up auxiliary observation holes.
The opening and closing of the inspection port cover should be simple and reliable, and its operating space and operating force should comply with relevant anthropometric data. e) The inspection port cover that cannot be removed should have a fixing device in the open position and should not hinder maintenance operations. D. According to specific needs, set signs at the cover to indicate the function of the inspection port, recommended operating procedures, required auxiliary equipment, hazard warnings and necessary precautions. The signs should be visible when the inspection port cover is open or closed. g) When the structural, environmental, operating and safety conditions permit, the equipment should be uncovered or exposed for easy maintenance. h) The codes and marks used on and inside the equipment components should be based on the principles of coding and marking: use clear codes and marks throughout the system: the codes and marks on similar test and auxiliary equipment, other codes and marks within the system, and the codes and marks on related work auxiliary devices, guides, manuals and instructions should be coordinated and consistent. 5.4.6 Safety Design
The safety design requirements are as follows!
a) Doors and windows should adopt safety and anti-theft measures, 6
iiKacaQiaiKAca-
b) Anti-theft doors, windows and alarm measures should be set up in the storage area of radioactive materials. GB/T31019-2014
Warning devices or signs should be installed in obvious places or doors of test areas where personnel are restricted from entering. In addition to warning devices or signs, storage rooms for radioactive sources should also be equipped with fire prevention, anti-theft and alarm devices. There should be no less than one safety exit.
Any laboratory that conducts tests on gases, steam, odors, smoke, volatile substances, etc. that are harmful to the human body should be equipped with a detoxification cabinet.
Any laboratory that frequently uses strong acids, strong alkalis, and laboratories with the risk of chemical burns should be equipped with emergency showers and eyewashes near the exit. The water supply of emergency showers and eyewashes must ensure the cleanliness of the water. g) Laboratories that must store a small amount of hazardous chemicals should be equipped with dedicated chemical storage cabinets with continuous ventilation. h) Biological safety cabinets cannot share ventilation systems with detoxification cabinets. When the surface temperature of the cabin, partitions, bulkheads, etc. that can be touched by the human body is higher than 49C or lower than 0℃, protective measures or warning signs should be taken.
The content of various harmful gases should comply with the relevant health standards, and the impact of the combined effects of multiple harmful gases should be considered. The laboratory should have functional or regional management, guidance, warning or prohibition prompts, signs or instructions, including biological hazard signs, radioactive material warning signs, dangerous goods warning signs, safety warning signs, etc. 6 Design realization, implementation and verification
6.1 Design realization
Design realization includes the research and development, production or procurement of new technical designs in mobile laboratories, installation on site, and minor adjustments to meet the requirements and characteristics of local environments and users. 6.2 Design implementation
During the implementation stage, the mobile laboratory should be introduced to all relevant personnel, especially workers, including providing necessary information and training under appropriate conditions.
Instruction documents should be provided for the target user group. Workers should be guided and trained to help them adapt to the new environment quickly and reliably.
Ergonomics should be used as a design principle in the design process to minimize the need for training. When training is necessary to enable the mobile laboratory to achieve its full potential, adequate and appropriate training should be provided for the operation of the mobile laboratory. 6.3 Verification
The purpose of mobile laboratory verification is to confirm whether the operation of the mobile laboratory is as expected. If the new design achieves the goals and work of the mobile laboratory, but is harmful to the health, quality of life and personal safety of the workers, it should be redesigned using the methods described in this standard. Operators should be invited to participate in the verification of the mobile laboratory. A qualified work system should integrate the principles and methods of ergonomics into the system design process from the early stage of design. If it is found during the verification process that a work system meets the performance requirements but endangers the health, quality of life or personal safety of the user, it does not meet the requirements of this standard. 7 Evaluation
For the evaluation of mobile laboratories, please refer to Chapter 4 of GB/T16251-2008. GB/T31019-2014
Print Issue H: November 11, 2014 F009A People's Republic of China
National Standard
Guide to Ergonomic Design of Mobile Laboratories GB/T31019-2014
Published and distributed by China Standards Press
No. 2, Hepingli West Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing (100029) No. 16, Sanlihe North Street, Xicheng District, Beijing (100045) Website spc.net.cn
Editor's Office: (010) 64275323 Distribution Center: (010 )51780235Reader Service Department: (010)68523946
China Standard Press, Anhuangdao Printing Factory, Printed, Distributed by Xinhua Bookstores in various places
Format 880×12301/16 Printing sheet 0.75 Word count 16,000 words First edition in September 2014 First printing in September 2014 Book number: 155066·1-49332 Price 16.00 yuan If there is any printing error, our distribution center will replace it. Copyright is exclusive and infringement will be investigated
Report telephone: (010)68510107
-iKacadiaiKAca5 Maintenance Design
Maintenance design requirements are as follows:
a) Equipment and accessories should have independent quick disassembly and assembly functions, which can be completed using manual tools and have measures to prevent misoperation; b) Equipment that generates vibration should adopt vibration isolation measures; c) The working space should allow the 5th and 95th percentile operators to perform maintenance work normally under the condition of wearing cold-proof clothing and gloves; d) When necessary, the inspection port should not only accommodate hands, arms, and tools, but also leave sufficient observation space, or set up auxiliary observation holes;
The opening and closing of the inspection port cover should be simple and reliable, and its operating space and operating force should comply with relevant anthropometric data.
The inspection port cover that cannot be removed should have a fixing device in the open position and should not hinder maintenance operations. D. According to specific needs, set signs at the cover to indicate the function of the inspection port, recommended operating procedures, required auxiliary equipment, danger warnings and necessary precautions. The signs should be visible when the inspection port cover is opened or closed. g) When the structural, environmental, operational and safety conditions permit, the equipment should be uncovered or exposed for easy maintenance. h) The codes and markings used on and inside the equipment components should be based on the principles of coding and marking: Use clear codes and markings throughout the system: The codes and markings on similar test and auxiliary equipment, other codes and markings within the system, and the codes and markings on related work auxiliary devices, guidelines, manuals and instructions should be coordinated and consistent. 5.4.6 Safety Design
The safety design requirements are as follows!
a) Doors and windows should adopt safety and anti-theft measures, 6
iiKacaQiaiKAca-
b) Anti-theft doors, windows and alarm measures should be set up in the storage area of radioactive materials. GB/T31019-2014
For test areas where personnel are restricted from entering, warning devices or signs should be set up in their obvious positions or doors. In addition to warning devices or signs, the storage room of radioactive sources should also be equipped with fire prevention, anti-theft and alarm devices and other facilities. There should be no less than one safety exit.
Any laboratory that conducts tests on gases, steam, odors, smoke, volatile substances, etc. that are harmful to the human body should be equipped with a detoxification cabinet.
Any laboratory that frequently uses strong acids, strong alkalis, and has the risk of chemical burns should be equipped with emergency showers and eyewashes near the exit. The water supply of emergency showers and eyewashes must ensure the cleanliness of the water. g) Laboratories that must store a small amount of hazardous chemicals should be equipped with a dedicated chemical storage cabinet with continuous ventilation. h) Biosafety cabinets cannot share the ventilation system with detoxification cabinets. When the surface temperature of the cabin, partitions, bulkheads, etc. that can be touched by the human body is higher than 49°C or lower than 0°C, protective measures or warning signs should be taken.
The content of various harmful gases should comply with the relevant health standards, and the impact of the combined effects of multiple harmful gases should be considered. The laboratory should have functional or regional management, guidance, warning or prohibition prompts, signs or instructions, including biological hazard signs, radioactive material warning signs, dangerous goods warning signs, safety warning signs, etc. 6 Design realization, implementation and verification
6.1 Design realization
Design realization includes the research and development, production or procurement of new technical designs in mobile laboratories, installation on site, and minor adjustments to meet the requirements and characteristics of local environments and users. 6.2 Design implementation
During the implementation stage, the mobile laboratory should be introduced to all relevant personnel, especially workers, including providing necessary information and training under appropriate conditions.
Instruction documents should be provided for the target user group. Workers should be guided and trained to help them adapt to the new environment quickly and reliably.
Ergonomics should be used as a design principle in the design process to minimize the need for training. When training is necessary to enable the mobile laboratory to achieve its full potential, adequate and appropriate training should be provided for the operation of the mobile laboratory. 6.3 Verification
The purpose of mobile laboratory verification is to confirm whether the operation of the mobile laboratory is as expected. If the new design achieves the goals and work of the mobile laboratory, but is harmful to the health, quality of life and personal safety of the workers, it should be redesigned using the methods described in this standard. Operators should be invited to participate in the verification of the mobile laboratory. A qualified work system should integrate the principles and methods of ergonomics into the system design process from the early stage of design. If it is found during the verification process that a work system meets the performance requirements but endangers the health, quality of life or personal safety of the user, it does not meet the requirements of this standard. 7 Evaluation
For the evaluation of mobile laboratories, please refer to Chapter 4 of GB/T16251-2008. GB/T31019-2014
Print Issue H: November 11, 2014 F009A People's Republic of China
National Standard
Guide to Ergonomic Design of Mobile Laboratories GB/T31019-2014
Published and distributed by China Standards Press
No. 2, Hepingli West Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing (100029) No. 16, Sanlihe North Street, Xicheng District, Beijing (100045) Website spc.net.cn
Editor's Office: (010) 64275323 Distribution Center: (010 )51780235Reader Service Department: (010)68523946
China Standard Press, Anhuangdao Printing Factory, Printed, Distributed by Xinhua Bookstores in various places
Format 880×12301/16 Printing sheet 0.75 Word count 16,000 words First edition in September 2014 First printing in September 2014 Book number: 155066·1-49332 Price 16.00 yuan If there is any printing error, our distribution center will replace it. Copyright is exclusive and infringement will be investigated
Report telephone: (010)68510107
-iKacadiaiKAca5 Maintenance Design
Maintenance design requirements are as follows:
a) Equipment and accessories should have independent quick disassembly and assembly functions, which can be completed using manual tools and have measures to prevent misoperation; b) Equipment that generates vibration should adopt vibration isolation measures; c) The working space should allow the 5th and 95th percentile operators to perform maintenance work normally under the condition of wearing cold-proof clothing and gloves; d) When necessary, the inspection port should not only accommodate hands, arms, and tools, but also leave sufficient observation space, or set up auxiliary observation holes;
The opening and closing of the inspection port cover should be simple and reliable, and its operating space and operating force should comply with relevant anthropometric data.
The inspection port cover that cannot be removed should have a fixing device in the open position and should not hinder maintenance operations. D. According to specific needs, set signs at the cover to indicate the function of the inspection port, recommended operating procedures, required auxiliary equipment, danger warnings and necessary precautions. The signs should be visible when the inspection port cover is opened or closed. g) When the structural, environmental, operational and safety conditions permit, the equipment should be uncovered or exposed for easy maintenance. h) The codes and markings used on and inside the equipment components should be based on the principles of coding and marking: Use clear codes and markings throughout the system: The codes and markings on similar test and auxiliary equipment, other codes and markings within the system, and the codes and markings on related work auxiliary devices, guidelines, manuals and instructions should be coordinated and consistent. 5.4.6 Safety Design
The safety design requirements are as follows!
a) Doors and windows should adopt safety and anti-theft measures, 6
iiKacaQiaiKAca-
b) Anti-theft doors, windows and alarm measures should be set up in the storage area of radioactive materials. GB/T31019-2014
For test areas where personnel are restricted from entering, warning devices or signs should be set up in their obvious positions or doors. In addition to warning devices or signs, the storage room of radioactive sources should also be equipped with fire prevention, anti-theft and alarm devices and other facilities. There should be no less than one safety exit.
Any laboratory that conducts tests on gases, steam, odors, smoke, volatile substances, etc. that are harmful to the human body should be equipped with a detoxification cabinet.
Any laboratory that frequently uses strong acids, strong alkalis, and has the risk of chemical burns should be equipped with emergency showers and eyewashes near the exit. The water supply of the emergency showers and eyewashes must ensure the cleanliness of the water. g) Laboratories that must store a small amount of hazardous chemicals should be equipped with a dedicated chemical storage cabinet with continuous ventilation. h) The biological safety cabinet cannot share the ventilation system with the detoxification cabinet. When the surface temperature of the cabin, partition, bulkhead, etc. that can be touched by the human body is higher than 49C or lower than 0℃, protective measures or warning signs should be taken.
The content of various harmful gases should comply with the relevant health standards, and the impact of the combined effects of multiple harmful gases should be considered. The laboratory should have functional or regional management, guidance, warning or prohibition prompts, signs or instructions, including biological hazard signs, radioactive material warning signs, dangerous goods warning signs, safety warning signs, etc. 6 Design realization, implementation and verification
6.1 Design realization
Design realization includes the research and development, production or procurement of new technical designs in mobile laboratories, installation on site, and minor adjustments to meet the requirements and characteristics of local environments and users. 6.2 Design implementation
During the implementation stage, the mobile laboratory should be introduced to all relevant personnel, especially workers, including providing necessary information and training under appropriate conditions.
Instruction documents should be provided for the target user group. Workers should be guided and trained to help them adapt to the new environment quickly and reliably.
Ergonomics should be used as a design principle in the design process to minimize the need for training. When training is necessary to enable the mobile laboratory to achieve its full potential, adequate and appropriate training should be provided for the operation of the mobile laboratory. 6.3 Verification
The purpose of mobile laboratory verification is to confirm whether the operation of the mobile laboratory is as expected. If the new design achieves the goals and work of the mobile laboratory, but is harmful to the health, quality of life and personal safety of the workers, it should be redesigned using the methods described in this standard. Operators should be invited to participate in the verification of the mobile laboratory. A qualified work system should integrate the principles and methods of ergonomics into the system design process from the early stage of design. If it is found during the verification process that a work system meets the performance requirements but endangers the health, quality of life or personal safety of the user, it does not meet the requirements of this standard. 7 Evaluation
For the evaluation of mobile laboratories, please refer to Chapter 4 of GB/T16251-2008. GB/T31019-2014bZxz.net
Print Issue H: November 11, 2014 F009A People's Republic of China
National Standard
Guide to Ergonomic Design of Mobile Laboratories GB/T31019-2014
Published and distributed by China Standards Press
No. 2, Hepingli West Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing (100029) No. 16, Sanlihe North Street, Xicheng District, Beijing (100045) Website spc.net.cn
Editor's Office: (010) 64275323 Distribution Center: (010 )51780235Reader Service Department: (010)68523946
China Standard Press, Anhuangdao Printing Factory, distributed by Xinhua Bookstores in various places
Format: 880×12301/16Printing sheet: 0.75Word count: 16,000wordsFirst edition: September 2014First printing: September 2014Book number: 155066·1-49332Price: 16.00RMBIf there is any printing error, our distribution center will replace it. Copyright is exclusive and infringement will be investigated
Report phone: (010)68510107
-iKacadiaiKAca2 Design and implementation
During the implementation phase, the mobile laboratory should be introduced to all relevant personnel, especially the workers, including the provision of necessary information and training under appropriate conditions.
Instructional documents should be provided for the target user groups. Workers should be guided and trained to help them adapt to the new environment quickly and reliably.
Ergonomics should be used as a design principle during the design process to minimize the need for training. When training is necessary to enable the mobile laboratory to achieve its full potential, sufficient and appropriate training should be provided for the operation of the mobile laboratory. 6.3 Validation
The purpose of mobile laboratory validation is to confirm whether the mobile laboratory operates as expected. If the new design achieves the goals and work of the mobile laboratory, but is detrimental to the health, quality of life and personal safety of the workers, it should be redesigned using the methods described in this standard. Operators should be invited to participate in the mobile laboratory validation process. A validated work system should integrate ergonomic principles and methods into the system design process from the early stage of design. If it is found during the verification process that a working system meets the performance requirements but endangers the user's health, quality of life or personal safety, it does not meet the requirements of this standard. 7 Evaluation
For the evaluation of mobile laboratories, please refer to Chapter 4 of GB/T16251-2008. GB/T31019-2014
Print Issue: November 11, 2014 F009A National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Guide to Ergonomic Design of Mobile Laboratories GB/T31019—2014
Published and distributed by China Standards Press
No. 2, Hepingli West Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing (100029) No. 16, Sanlihe North Street, Xicheng District, Beijing (100045) Website spc.net.cn
Editor's Office: (010) 64275323 Distribution Center: (010) )51780235Reader Service Department: (010)68523946
China Standard Press, Anhuangdao Printing Factory, distributed by Xinhua Bookstores in various places
Format: 880×12301/16Printing sheet: 0.75Word count: 16,000wordsFirst edition: September 2014First printing: September 2014Book number: 155066·1-49332Price: 16.00RMBIf there is any printing error, our distribution center will replace it. Copyright is exclusive and infringement will be investigated
Report phone: (010)68510107
-iKacadiaiKAca2 Design and implementation
During the implementation phase, the mobile laboratory should be introduced to all relevant personnel, especially the workers, including the provision of necessary information and training under appropriate conditions.
Instructional documents should be provided for the target user groups. Workers should be guided and trained to help them adapt to the new environment quickly and reliably.
Ergonomics should be used as a design principle during the design process to minimize the need for training. When training is necessary to enable the mobile laboratory to achieve its full potential, sufficient and appropriate training should be provided for the operation of the mobile laboratory. 6.3 Validation
The purpose of mobile laboratory validation is to confirm whether the mobile laboratory operates as expected. If the new design achieves the goals and work of the mobile laboratory, but is detrimental to the health, quality of life and personal safety of the workers, it should be redesigned using the methods described in this standard. Operators should be invited to participate in the mobile laboratory validation process. A validated work system should integrate ergonomic principles and methods into the system design process from the early stage of design. If it is found during the verification process that a working system meets the performance requirements but endangers the user's health, quality of life or personal safety, it does not meet the requirements of this standard. 7 Evaluation
For the evaluation of mobile laboratories, please refer to Chapter 4 of GB/T16251-2008. GB/T31019-2014
Print Issue: November 11, 2014 F009A National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Guide to Ergonomic Design of Mobile Laboratories GB/T31019—2014
Published and distributed by China Standards Press
No. 2, Hepingli West Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing (100029) No. 16, Sanlihe North Street, Xicheng District, Beijing (100045) Website spc.net.cn
Editor's Office: (010) 64275323 Distribution Center: (010) )51780235Reader Service Department: (010)68523946
China Standard Press, Anhuangdao Printing Factory, distributed by Xinhua Bookstores in various places
Format: 880×12301/16Printing sheet: 0.75Word count: 16,000wordsFirst edition: September 2014First printing: September 2014Book number: 155066·1-49332Price: 16.00RMBIf there is any printing error, our distribution center will replace it. Copyright is exclusive and infringement will be investigated
Report phone: (010)68510107
-iKacadiaiKAca
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