Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Fur--Yellow weasel skins
1 Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 14787--93
This standard specifies the classification, technical requirements, inspection methods, inspection rules, quality standards and storage, packaging and transportation of yellow weasel skins. This standard applies to the initial processing, acquisition, sale and use of yellow weasel skins. 2 Terminology
2.1 Coat of hair
The general term for needle hair and down on the leather board.
2.2 Hair quality
The quality of the hair. Refers to the comprehensive quality of the hair, such as the length, density, color, elasticity and gloss of the hair. 2.3 Quality of devmatotome The quality of the leather board. Refers to the comprehensive quality of the leather board, such as the thickness, color, toughness, elasticity and oiliness. 2.4 Hard quard hair
Immature guard hair buried in the coat.
2.5 Damaged
Various injuries and defects that affect the quality of the fur and fur board. 2.6 pliable damaged
The area of damage increases during the fur making process. Such as hair loss due to suffocation, rot, mildew, oil burning, etc. 2.7 Injured skin
The area of damage does not increase during the fur making process. Such as knife wounds, sheath wounds, abrasions, etc. 2.8 Spot skin
Spots of different colors appear on the fur board. 2.9 Scar skin
Black-gray or red-purple scars appear on the fur board. 2. 10 Thin skin
The fur board is dry and oily. The fur is sparse, the guard hairs at the tail are sparse, and the color is dull. 2.11 Black-back skin
The fur is mature, but the back of the skin is black-grey stripes. 2.12 Chimney skin
The fur is stained by soot and becomes dark black, and the middle of the front legs of the skin is black-grey. 2.13 Short-end skin
The fur is even all over the body, with the characteristics of winter skin, but the fur on the tail is short, similar to autumn tail. 2.14 Neck-damaged skin Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on December 2, 1993 30.1
Implemented on June 1, 1994
The female skin has bite marks on the back of the neck.
2.15 Blooded skin
GB/T 14787—93
The skin shows pale red, dark red, purple-red bruises. 2.16 Fire-injured skin
Beard, body hair and tail hair are burned by fire, without hair tips. 2.17 Skinblock
Cylindrical skin that is dried by inserting a block from the mouth. 2.18 Pipe-shaped skin
When drying, the skin is pulled into a long and thin tube-shaped skin. 2. 19 Leakage root of hair The hair roots or hair are exposed on the surface.
2.20 Reversed-tail skin The skin in which the tail is turned out from the cut of the buttocks skin. 2.21 No-tail skin
The skin has no complete tail or only half of the tail. 2.22 Reversed hair
The skin is peeled into a tube with the hair facing outwards.
2.23 Dvied and revesed skin Dvied and revesed skin is the skin that has been processed after the water has been removed from the dried skin. 2.24 Dermatome were soaked with fat Dermatome were soaked with fat. The skin was too hot during drying or was exposed to the sun, which caused the skin to turn purple and black, shrink and become worthless. 2.25 Frozen skin
Fresh skin is frozen, and the skin becomes loose and thick, with reduced strength, no toughness, pale and dull. 2.26 Shop-worn skin
Skin that was not produced in the same year. The skin is yellow and has a dark luster. 3 Classifications
Depending on the production area and processing method, the yellow-melted skin has different product names. It is generally divided into three types, namely Yuanpi, Huanglangpi and Jingdongtiao.
3.1 Yuan skin
3.1.1 Origin
The three provinces of Northeast China, the four eastern leagues of Inner Mongolia (Hulunbuir, Xing'an, Zheliben, Chifeng City) and parts of northern Hebei Province. 3.1.2 Characteristics
The hair is long and plush, golden in color, and the plush is flexible. It is processed into a cylindrical skin with the plate facing outward and the hair facing inward, without a back flap, and a complete head, legs, and tail. 3.2 Jingdong strip
3.2.1 Origin
Tangshan area of Hebei Province, parts of Tianjin. 3.2.2 Characteristics
The hair is light yellow, the plush is thick, and the plush is slightly shorter and thicker than that of the Yuan skin. The skin is oily and red. Some of the needle hairs on the middle back of the body are dark gray, and the hairs on the tip of the tail are also black. The quality of the yellow weasel skin in Hebei Province is the best. Generally, it is processed into a round simple skin with the plate facing inward, the hair facing outward, and the head, legs, and tail are complete. 3.3 Yellow wolf skin
3.3.1 Origin
Except for the yellow wolf skin produced in the Yuanpi and Jingdongtiao areas. 503
3. Inner Mongolia Zanlimu League, Chifeng City
3.3.2 Characteristics
GB/T 14787 --93
The hair is slightly shorter and more sparse than the Yuanpi. The hair color varies from apricot yellow, light yellow, yellow brown, yellow brown, etc. due to different origins. Processed into a sheet of skin with complete head, legs and tail, and grease removed, cut from the midline of the abdomen. 4 Technical requirements
4.1 Yuanpi
Incision is made along the mouth, and the skin is turned over and peeled with the back cover turned outward, with the head, legs and tail complete, the coccyx and leg bones pulled out, grease removed, the limbs turned out and exposed, the tail pulled out from the anus, without opening the back, and the complete skin dried in a cylinder. 4.2 Yellow wolf skin
Cut along the mouth, peel off the head, legs and tail by the method of retreating, remove the coccyx and leg bones, remove the grease, put on the nail board or planting frame as required, and process it into a pagoda-shaped skin with a length-to-width ratio of 4:1 cut from the midline of the abdomen. 5 Quality specifications
5.1 Yuan skin grade requirements
5.1.1 Quality requirements, see Table 1.
Seasonal characteristics
Winter leather: white leather, good quality, abundant hair, fluffy tail hair, glossy color
Early winter leather: similar hair quality to winter leather, leather back is blue-gray, tail hair is not full
Late winter leather: pink leather neck or both sides, similar hair quality to winter leather, tail hair tip is slightly curved Late autumn leather: blue-gray leather back, tail hair is not fluffy, insufficient hair, short tail hair
Early spring leather: thick and hard leather neck, red, tail hair tip is curved, hair elasticity, poor luster Mid-autumn leather: gray-black back, short hair, rare Spring leather: thick and hard leather, red, inelastic hair, dull, tail hair tip is curved
Not in compliance with level 1, 2, 3 Required hides and skins
Limited injuries
Can have light spots, light blood stains or small holes in the secondary parts
First-class fur quality, board quality can have the following injuries: 1. Tear, the total length does not exceed 3cmz
More than 300
No area requirement
More than 300
2. Holes, scars, hair loss in 3 places, the total area does not exceed 1cm2 without area requirement;
3. Severe spots or severe blood stains or one leg loss
First- and second-class fur quality, board quality, can have the following injuries:
1. Tear: the total length does not exceed 6cm
More than 300
2. Holes, scars, and hair loss in 5 places with a total area of more than 3cm;
3. Severe macules or blood stains
4. Round leather with hair facing outward without any damage
Grade ratio difference
20 or less, calculated by quality
5.1.2 Support board, sick and thin leather, black back leather, broken head leather, lazy hole leather, dry board after turning over leather, chimney leather, arrow shaft leather, tail missing leather, upturned tail leather, frozen bran leather, heavy fire roasting and shrinking and smoked leather, dirty leather are all downgraded by one level. GB/T 14787 - 93
5.1.3 Pinch leather, broken seam leather, fire burnt leather, dog bite leather, neck bite leather, suffocated hair loss skin, insect frog skin are all downgraded as appropriate. 5.1.4 Summer leather, oil-burned board and other leathers with no use value are not purchased. 5.1.5 The quality ratio of the regions is poor, see Table 2.
1. Heilongjiang Province;
2. Parts of northeastern Jilin Province,
3.Hulunbuir League and Xing'an League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
5.2 Grade requirements for yellow wolf skin
5.2.1 Quality requirements, see Table 3.
Seasonal characteristics
1. Jilin Province,
2. Liaoning Province (except some areas bordering western Liaoning and Hebei Province),
3. Jirim League and Chifeng City of Inner Mongolia
Limited disability
Natural winter skin: the skin is white, the hair is abundant and neat, flexible, bright in color, and the tail hair is fluffy;
Early winter skin: the neck shoulder or buttocks is slightly gray, the bottom hair is slightly abundant, with a few hard needles, the surface is neat, and the tail hair is relatively fluffy;
Winter skin: the neck skin is partially red, and the surrounding The fur is the same as winter fur, with a slightly less glossy color. Late autumn fur: The fur is slightly creamy, the fur is short and flat, the tail fur is flat, and there are more hard needles. Early spring fur: The fur is slightly thick and slightly red, the fur is relatively sparse, and the fur surface is still neat. For fur that does not meet the requirements of level 1 and level 2, one of the following disabilities may be brought: 1. Parts of Liaoxi in Liaoning Province bordering Hebei Province; 2. Pingquan County and Weichang County in Chengde, Hebei Province. 1. Two tears, with a total length of no more than 3cm; 2. Two holes and abrasions, with a total area of no more than 1cm2. One of the following disabilities may be brought: 1. Level 1 skin disability may be brought; 2. Grade-one fur quality, plate-like, with 3 tears, the total length of which does not exceed 8cm. Holes, 3 scratches, the total area of which does not exceed 4cm2
5.2.2 The specified area of damage for graded fur refers to male fur. It should be reduced by half for female fur. 5.2.3 The total area of pinching damage within 3cm below the ear root does not exceed 1cm, which is not considered a defect. >500
Grade ratio difference
≤40 pricing
5.2.4 Severe macules, severe scars, burns, tangerine peel, hair loss due to suffocation, and tail damage exceeding one-third of the tail length are graded as appropriate. Other damages are handled in the same way as the original fur.
5.2.5 Areas without area regulations
Yunnan Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Sichuan Province (except for areas bordering Hunan Province and Hubei Province), Guizhou Province (except for areas bordering Hunan Province), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except for areas bordering Hunan Province), Gansu Province (except for Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, and some areas of Gansu). 5.2.6 Poor quality ratio of regions, see Table 4.
1. Jiangsu Province, 2. Zhejiang Province, 3. Anhui Province: 4. Shandong Province; 5. Hebei Province; 6. Henan Province, 7. Hubei Province, 8. Jiangxi Province, 9. Shanxi Province; 10. Hunan Province: 11. Shanghai, 12. Tianjin, 13. Beijing; 14. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (except the four eastern leagues) 307
Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Province
GB/T14787--93
Continued Table 4
1. The bordering areas between Henan Province and Shaanxi Province; 2. 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Hunan Province and Guizhou Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangdong Province; 4. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, Shaanxi Province; 5. Jiangxi Province and Fujian Province, Guangdong Province bordering area, 6. Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province bordering area; 7. Sichuan Province and Hubei Province bordering area; 8. Guizhou Province and Hunan Province bordering area; 9. Southern Shaanxi Province, 10. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Hunan Province bordering area, 11. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 12. Fujian Province; 13. Hainan Province, 14. Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, Gannan in Gansu Province 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Shaanxi Province and Sichuan Province bordering area; 4. Yunnan Province; 5. Qinghai Province; 6. Guangdong Province; 7. Gansu Province; 8. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except the border with Hunan Province) 5.3 Grade requirements of Jingdong strips
5.3.1 Quality requirements, see Table 3.
5.4 Difference between male and female skins
Male skin 100%
6 Inspection method
6.1 Inspection conditions and tools
6.1.1 Inspection conditions
Female skin 50%
The indoor light should be appropriate, avoid direct sunlight or dark light. 6.1.2 Inspection tools
Operation table, ruler.
6.2 Operation steps
6.2.1 Separate Yuan skin, Jingdong strip, and Huanglang skin according to the characteristics. 6.2.2 Identify male and female skins
6.2.2.1 Male skin
Male skin has a large width, thick skin plate, and genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is long, and the tail hair is long and thick. 6.2.2.2 Female skin
Female skin has a small width, slightly thin skin plate, and no genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is short, and the hair is short and thin. 6.3 Quality Inspection
6.3.1 Yuan Hide
Hold the head of the hide with one hand and the buttocks of the hide with the other hand. First, check the quality of the hair on the head, the color, oiliness, and damage of the back and belly of the hide. Then twist the hide tube with your hand to feel the thickness, thinness, softness, and hardness of the board, the richness, sparseness, and damage of the hair. Hold the tail hair lightly with the index finger and thumb of one hand to observe whether there is hair loss, whether the coccyx is pulled out, etc. Finally, move your hand to the tip of the tail and shake the hand holding the head up and down. Observe the length, elasticity, shape, and fluffiness of the tail hair, and determine the production season and hide quality based on all aspects. 6.3.2 Yellow wolf skin
Put the skin on the workbench with the fur facing upwards, rub the back of the skin with one hand, pinch the snout with the thumb and index finger of the other hand, and use the wrist strength to shake the skin up and down (until all the hair returns to its natural state and becomes fluffy), and observe the length, density, luster, color, and whether there are any injuries on the surface of the hair. Touch the hair with your hand to feel the richness of the hair. Blow the hair with your mouth for any doubts to help verify its quality. After checking the hair, turn the skin over to face upwards and check the thickness, color, oiliness, etc. of the skin. Determine the production season and quality of the skin based on various conditions. 6.3.3 Jingdong Strip
Hold the head of the skin with one hand and the buttocks of the skin with the other hand, and use the wrist force to shake it to restore the plush to its natural state. Check the length, density, 508
GB/T 14787-93
luster, color of the plush, whether the surface of the hair is neat and smooth, and whether the tail hair is fluffy. Then use your hands to feel the richness of the plush and the thickness of the leather. If there are any doubts, blow the plush with your mouth to assist in the inspection. Finally, determine the production season and quality based on various conditions. 6.3.4 Area Calculation
6.3.4.1 Measurement of Length and Width
Yuan skin: Measure from the middle of the two eyes to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width (double the width of the cylindrical skin). Yellow wolf skin: Measure from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width. Jingdong Strip: The method for skin is the same as that for yellow wolf skin (double the width of the cylindrical skin). 6.3.4.2 Area calculation
The area is calculated by multiplying the length and width.
6.4 Inspection rules
6.4.1 Each sheet shall be inspected according to the grade requirements. 6.4.2 Principles for handling defects
The requirements for hard defects are lenient, while those for soft defects are strict; the requirements for defects in minor parts are lenient, while those in major parts are strict; the requirements for concentrated defects are lenient, while those for dispersed defects are strict.
6.4.3 If there is a grade quality dispute during the handover, the disputed part can be re-inspected. If there is still a dispute after the re-inspection, the two parties shall negotiate to resolve it. 7 Packaging, storage, and transportation
7.1 Packaging
7.1.1 Yuan skin
Pack separately according to the route, grade, and male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces one by one. Tie a rope at the neck and buttocks, wrap it with paper, and then put it into a carton or bag lined with moisture-proof paper or wrapping paper, and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.1.2 Jingdong strips
Pack separately according to the grade, male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces into a bundle. The bundle should be wrapped with paper with appropriate tightness. The bundling method and packing are the same as Yuan skins.
7.1.3 Yellow wolf skin
Pack separately according to the grade, route, male and female skins, and require 50 pieces to be bundled in a board-to-board and hair-to-hair manner. Tie a rope at the front legs and buttocks. Put it into a box or bag with refined naphthalene powder and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.2 Storage
7.2.1 Storage conditions
Warehouses for storing furs should be dry, clean and well ventilated. There should be shelves in the warehouse. The furs entering the warehouse should be completely dry. They should be protected from insects and rodents. 7.3 Transportation
7.3.1 Mode of transportation
Land and water transportation.
7.3.2 Transportation requirements
During transportation, weasel skins should be strictly protected from rain, sun exposure, moisture, rodent bites and insect infestation to ensure safe transportation. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the unified management of the Department of Local Products Management of the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Heilongjiang Fur Society. The main drafters of this standard were Zhou Qiujiao, Cao Zhengwen and Bianjiang. 309Inner Mongolia Jirim League, Chifeng City
Limited disability
Winter leather: the leather is white, the hair is abundant and neat, flexible, the color is glossy, and the tail hair is fluffy;
Early winter leather: the neck, shoulder or buttocks are slightly gray, the bottom hair is slightly abundant, with a few hard needles, the surface is neat, and the tail hair is relatively fluffy;
Welcome spring leather: the neck leather is partially red, the hair is the same as winter leather, and the color is slightly less shiny. Late autumn leather: leather Slightly creamy, short and even hair, flat tail hair, and many hard needles
Early spring skin: The skin is slightly thick and slightly red, the hair is relatively sparse, and the hair surface is still neat
Skins that do not meet the requirements of level one and level two
Can be taken with one of the following disabilities:
1. Parts of Liaoxi in Liaoning Province bordering Hebei Province
;
2. Pingquan County and Weichang County in Chengde, Hebei Province
1. Two tears, with a total length of no more than 3cm; 2. Holes and two abrasions, with a total area of no more than 1cm2Can be taken with one of the following disabilities:
1. Can be taken with level one skin disability;
2. Grade-one fur quality, plate-like, with 3 tears, the total length of which does not exceed 8cm. Holes, 3 scratches, the total area of which does not exceed 4cm2
5.2.2 The specified area of damage for graded fur refers to male fur. It should be reduced by half for female fur. 5.2.3 The total area of pinching damage within 3cm below the ear root does not exceed 1cm, which is not considered a defect. >500
Grade ratio difference
≤40 pricing
5.2.4 Severe macules, severe scars, burns, tangerine peel, hair loss due to suffocation, and tail damage exceeding one-third of the tail length are graded as appropriate. Other damages are handled in the same way as the original fur.
5.2.5 Areas without area regulations
Yunnan Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Sichuan Province (except for areas bordering Hunan Province and Hubei Province), Guizhou Province (except for areas bordering Hunan Province), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except for areas bordering Hunan Province), Gansu Province (except for Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, and some areas of Gansu). 5.2.6 Poor quality ratio of regions, see Table 4.
1. Jiangsu Province, 2. Zhejiang Province, 3. Anhui Province: 4. Shandong Province; 5. Hebei Province; 6. Henan Province, 7. Hubei Province, 8. Jiangxi Province, 9. Shanxi Province; 10. Hunan Province: 11. Shanghai, 12. Tianjin, 13. Beijing; 14. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (except the four eastern leagues) 307
Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Province
GB/T14787--93
Continued Table 4
1. The bordering areas between Henan Province and Shaanxi Province; 2. 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Hunan Province and Guizhou Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangdong Province; 4. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, Shaanxi Province; 5. Jiangxi Province and Fujian Province, Guangdong Province bordering area, 6. Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province bordering area; 7. Sichuan Province and Hubei Province bordering area; 8. Guizhou Province and Hunan Province bordering area; 9. Southern Shaanxi Province, 10. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Hunan Province bordering area, 11. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 12. Fujian Province; 13. Hainan Province, 14. Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, Gannan in Gansu Province 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Shaanxi Province and Sichuan Province bordering area; 4. Yunnan Province; 5. Qinghai Province; 6. Guangdong Province; 7. Gansu Province; 8. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except the border with Hunan Province) 5.3 Grade requirements of Jingdong strips
5.3.1 Quality requirements, see Table 3.
5.4 Difference between male and female skins
Male skin 100%
6 Inspection method
6.1 Inspection conditions and tools
6.1.1 Inspection conditions
Female skin 50%
The indoor light should be appropriate, avoid direct sunlight or dark light. 6.1.2 Inspection tools
Operation table, ruler.
6.2 Operation steps
6.2.1 Separate Yuan skin, Jingdong strip, and Huanglang skin according to the characteristics. 6.2.2 Identify male and female skins
6.2.2.1 Male skin
Male skin has a large width, thick skin plate, and genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is long, and the tail hair is long and thick. 6.2.2.2 Female skin
Female skin has a small width, slightly thin skin plate, and no genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is short, and the hair is short and thin. 6.3 Quality Inspection
6.3.1 Yuan Hide
Hold the head of the hide with one hand and the buttocks of the hide with the other hand. First, check the quality of the hair on the head, the color, oiliness, and damage of the back and belly of the hide. Then twist the hide tube with your hand to feel the thickness, thinness, softness, and hardness of the board, the richness, sparseness, and damage of the hair. Hold the tail hair lightly with the index finger and thumb of one hand to observe whether there is hair loss, whether the coccyx is pulled out, etc. Finally, move your hand to the tip of the tail and shake the hand holding the head up and down. Observe the length, elasticity, shape, and fluffiness of the tail hair, and determine the production season and hide quality based on all aspects. 6.3.2 Yellow wolf skin
Put the skin on the workbench with the fur facing upwards, rub the back of the skin with one hand, pinch the snout with the thumb and index finger of the other hand, and use the wrist strength to shake the skin up and down (until all the hair returns to its natural state and becomes fluffy), and observe the length, density, luster, color, and whether there are any injuries on the surface of the hair. Touch the hair with your hand to feel the richness of the hair. Blow the hair with your mouth for any doubts to help verify its quality. After checking the hair, turn the skin over to face upwards and check the thickness, color, oiliness, etc. of the skin. Determine the production season and quality of the skin based on various conditions. 6.3.3 Jingdong StripwwW.bzxz.Net
Hold the head of the skin with one hand and the buttocks of the skin with the other hand, and use the wrist force to shake it to restore the plush to its natural state. Check the length, density, 508
GB/T 14787-93
luster, color of the plush, whether the surface of the hair is neat and smooth, and whether the tail hair is fluffy. Then use your hands to feel the richness of the plush and the thickness of the leather. If there are any doubts, blow the plush with your mouth to assist in the inspection. Finally, determine the production season and quality based on various conditions. 6.3.4 Area Calculation
6.3.4.1 Measurement of Length and Width
Yuan skin: Measure from the middle of the two eyes to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width (double the width of the cylindrical skin). Yellow wolf skin: Measure from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width. Jingdong Strip: The method for skin is the same as that for yellow wolf skin (double the width of the cylindrical skin). 6.3.4.2 Area calculation
The area is calculated by multiplying the length and width.
6.4 Inspection rules
6.4.1 Each sheet shall be inspected according to the grade requirements. 6.4.2 Principles for handling defects
The requirements for hard defects are lenient, while those for soft defects are strict; the requirements for defects in minor parts are lenient, while those in major parts are strict; the requirements for concentrated defects are lenient, while those for dispersed defects are strict.
6.4.3 If there is a grade quality dispute during the handover, the disputed part can be re-inspected. If there is still a dispute after the re-inspection, the two parties shall negotiate to resolve it. 7 Packaging, storage, and transportation
7.1 Packaging
7.1.1 Yuan skin
Pack separately according to the route, grade, and male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces one by one. Tie a rope at the neck and buttocks, wrap it with paper, and then put it into a carton or bag lined with moisture-proof paper or wrapping paper, and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.1.2 Jingdong strips
Pack separately according to the grade, male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces into a bundle. The bundle should be wrapped with paper with appropriate tightness. The bundling method and packing are the same as Yuan skins.
7.1.3 Yellow wolf skin
Pack separately according to the grade, route, male and female skins, and require 50 pieces to be bundled in a board-to-board and hair-to-hair manner. Tie a rope at the front legs and buttocks. Put it into a box or bag with refined naphthalene powder and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.2 Storage
7.2.1 Storage conditions
Warehouses for storing furs should be dry, clean and well ventilated. There should be shelves in the warehouse. The furs entering the warehouse should be completely dry. They should be protected from insects and rodents. 7.3 Transportation
7.3.1 Mode of transportation
Land and water transportation.
7.3.2 Transportation requirements
During transportation, weasel skins should be strictly protected from rain, sun exposure, moisture, rodent bites and insect infestation to ensure safe transportation. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the unified management of the Department of Local Products Management of the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Heilongjiang Fur Society. The main drafters of this standard were Zhou Qiujiao, Cao Zhengwen and Bianjiang. 309Inner Mongolia Jirim League, Chifeng City
Limited disability
Winter leather: the leather is white, the hair is abundant and neat, flexible, the color is glossy, and the tail hair is fluffy;
Early winter leather: the neck, shoulder or buttocks are slightly gray, the bottom hair is slightly abundant, with a few hard needles, the surface is neat, and the tail hair is relatively fluffy;
Welcome spring leather: the neck leather is partially red, the hair is the same as winter leather, and the color is slightly less shiny. Late autumn leather: leather Slightly creamy, short and even hair, flat tail hair, and many hard needles
Early spring skin: The skin is slightly thick and slightly red, the hair is relatively sparse, and the hair surface is still neat
Skins that do not meet the requirements of level one and level two
Can be taken with one of the following disabilities:
1. Parts of Liaoxi in Liaoning Province bordering Hebei Province
;
2. Pingquan County and Weichang County in Chengde, Hebei Province
1. Two tears, with a total length of no more than 3cm; 2. Holes and two abrasions, with a total area of no more than 1cm2Can be taken with one of the following disabilities:
1. Can be taken with level one skin disability;
2. Grade-one fur quality, plate-like, with 3 tears, the total length of which does not exceed 8cm. Holes, 3 scratches, the total area of which does not exceed 4cm2
5.2.2 The specified area of damage for graded fur refers to male fur. It should be reduced by half for female fur. 5.2.3 The total area of pinching damage within 3cm below the ear root does not exceed 1cm, which is not considered a defect. >500
Grade ratio difference
≤40 pricing
5.2.4 Severe macules, severe scars, burns, tangerine peel, hair loss due to suffocation, and tail damage exceeding one-third of the tail length are graded as appropriate. Other damages are handled in the same way as the original fur.
5.2.5 Areas without area regulations
Yunnan Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Sichuan Province (except for areas bordering Hunan Province and Hubei Province), Guizhou Province (except for areas bordering Hunan Province), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except for areas bordering Hunan Province), Gansu Province (except for Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, and some areas of Gansu). 5.2.6 Poor quality ratio of regions, see Table 4.
1. Jiangsu Province, 2. Zhejiang Province, 3. Anhui Province: 4. Shandong Province; 5. Hebei Province; 6. Henan Province, 7. Hubei Province, 8. Jiangxi Province, 9. Shanxi Province; 10. Hunan Province: 11. Shanghai, 12. Tianjin, 13. Beijing; 14. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (except the four eastern leagues) 307
Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Province
GB/T14787--93
Continued Table 4
1. The bordering areas between Henan Province and Shaanxi Province; 2. 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Hunan Province and Guizhou Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangdong Province; 4. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, Shaanxi Province; 5. Jiangxi Province and Fujian Province, Guangdong Province bordering area, 6. Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province bordering area; 7. Sichuan Province and Hubei Province bordering area; 8. Guizhou Province and Hunan Province bordering area; 9. Southern Shaanxi Province, 10. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Hunan Province bordering area, 11. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 12. Fujian Province; 13. Hainan Province, 14. Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, Gannan in Gansu Province 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Shaanxi Province and Sichuan Province bordering area; 4. Yunnan Province; 5. Qinghai Province; 6. Guangdong Province; 7. Gansu Province; 8. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except the border with Hunan Province) 5.3 Grade requirements of Jingdong strips
5.3.1 Quality requirements, see Table 3.
5.4 Difference between male and female skins
Male skin 100%
6 Inspection method
6.1 Inspection conditions and tools
6.1.1 Inspection conditions
Female skin 50%
The indoor light should be appropriate, avoid direct sunlight or dark light. 6.1.2 Inspection tools
Operation table, ruler.
6.2 Operation steps
6.2.1 Separate Yuan skin, Jingdong strip, and Huanglang skin according to the characteristics. 6.2.2 Identify male and female skins
6.2.2.1 Male skin
Male skin has a large width, thick skin plate, and genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is long, and the tail hair is long and thick. 6.2.2.2 Female skin
Female skin has a small width, slightly thin skin plate, and no genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is short, and the hair is short and thin. 6.3 Quality Inspection
6.3.1 Yuan Hide
Hold the head of the hide with one hand and the buttocks of the hide with the other hand. First, check the quality of the hair on the head, the color, oiliness, and damage of the back and belly of the hide. Then twist the hide tube with your hand to feel the thickness, thinness, softness, and hardness of the board, the richness, sparseness, and damage of the hair. Hold the tail hair lightly with the index finger and thumb of one hand to observe whether there is hair loss, whether the coccyx is pulled out, etc. Finally, move your hand to the tip of the tail and shake the hand holding the head up and down. Observe the length, elasticity, shape, and fluffiness of the tail hair, and determine the production season and hide quality based on all aspects. 6.3.2 Yellow wolf skin
Put the skin on the workbench with the fur facing upwards, rub the back of the skin with one hand, pinch the snout with the thumb and index finger of the other hand, and use the wrist strength to shake the skin up and down (until all the hair returns to its natural state and becomes fluffy), and observe the length, density, luster, color, and whether there are any injuries on the surface of the hair. Touch the hair with your hand to feel the richness of the hair. Blow the hair with your mouth for any doubts to help verify its quality. After checking the hair, turn the skin over to face upwards and check the thickness, color, oiliness, etc. of the skin. Determine the production season and quality of the skin based on various conditions. 6.3.3 Jingdong Strip
Hold the head of the skin with one hand and the buttocks of the skin with the other hand, and use the wrist force to shake it to restore the plush to its natural state. Check the length, density, 508
GB/T 14787-93
luster, color of the plush, whether the surface of the hair is neat and smooth, and whether the tail hair is fluffy. Then use your hands to feel the richness of the plush and the thickness of the leather. If there are any doubts, blow the plush with your mouth to assist in the inspection. Finally, determine the production season and quality based on various conditions. 6.3.4 Area Calculation
6.3.4.1 Measurement of Length and Width
Yuan skin: Measure from the middle of the two eyes to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width (double the width of the cylindrical skin). Yellow wolf skin: Measure from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width. Jingdong Strip: The method for skin is the same as that for yellow wolf skin (double the width of the cylindrical skin). 6.3.4.2 Area calculation
The area is calculated by multiplying the length and width.
6.4 Inspection rules
6.4.1 Each sheet shall be inspected according to the grade requirements. 6.4.2 Principles for handling defects
The requirements for hard defects are lenient, while those for soft defects are strict; the requirements for defects in minor parts are lenient, while those in major parts are strict; the requirements for concentrated defects are lenient, while those for dispersed defects are strict.
6.4.3 If there is a grade quality dispute during the handover, the disputed part can be re-inspected. If there is still a dispute after the re-inspection, the two parties shall negotiate to resolve it. 7 Packaging, storage, and transportation
7.1 Packaging
7.1.1 Yuan skin
Pack separately according to the route, grade, and male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces one by one. Tie a rope at the neck and buttocks, wrap it with paper, and then put it into a carton or bag lined with moisture-proof paper or wrapping paper, and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.1.2 Jingdong strips
Pack separately according to the grade, male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces into a bundle. The bundle should be wrapped with paper with appropriate tightness. The bundling method and packing are the same as Yuan skins.
7.1.3 Yellow wolf skin
Pack separately according to the grade, route, male and female skins, and require 50 pieces to be bundled in a board-to-board and hair-to-hair manner. Tie a rope at the front legs and buttocks. Put it into a box or bag with refined naphthalene powder and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.2 Storage
7.2.1 Storage conditions
Warehouses for storing furs should be dry, clean and well ventilated. There should be shelves in the warehouse. The furs entering the warehouse should be completely dry. They should be protected from insects and rodents. 7.3 Transportation
7.3.1 Mode of transportation
Land and water transportation.
7.3.2 Transportation requirements
During transportation, weasel skins should be strictly protected from rain, sun exposure, moisture, rodent bites and insect infestation to ensure safe transportation. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the unified management of the Department of Local Products Management of the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Heilongjiang Fur Society. The main drafters of this standard were Zhou Qiujiao, Cao Zhengwen and Bianjiang. 3092 Transportation requirements
During transportation, weasel skins must be strictly protected from rain, sun exposure, moisture, rat bites, and insect infestation to ensure safe transportation. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard is managed by the Department of Native Products Management of the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Heilongjiang Fur Society. The main drafters of this standard were Zhou Qiujiao, Cao Zhengwen, and Bianjiang. 3092 Transportation requirements
During transportation, weasel skins must be strictly protected from rain, sun exposure, moisture, rat bites, and insect infestation to ensure safe transportation. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard is managed by the Department of Native Products Management of the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Heilongjiang Fur Society. The main drafters of this standard were Zhou Qiujiao, Cao Zhengwen, and Bianjiang. 309Pingquan County and Weichang County in Chengde District, Hebei Province
1. Two tears, with a total length not exceeding 3cm; 2. Two holes and abrasions, with a total area not exceeding 1cm2, can be given one of the following disabilities:
1. Can be given a graded skin disability;
2. Graded fur, plate-like, can be given 3 tears, with a total length not exceeding 8cm, 3 holes and abrasions, with a total area not exceeding 4cm2
5.2.2 The disability area specified for graded skin refers to male skin. It should be reduced by half for female skin. 5.2.3 Within 3cm below the ear root, the total area of the pinch injury does not exceed 1cm, which is not considered a defect. >500
Grade ratio difference
≤40 pricing
5.2.4 Severe macules, severe scars, burns, tangerine peel, hair loss due to suffocation, and tail damage exceeding one-third of the tail length are all graded as appropriate. Other injuries and disabilities are treated the same as the original skin.
5.2.5 Areas without area regulations
Yunnan Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Sichuan Province (except for the areas bordering Hunan Province and Hubei Province), Guizhou Province (except for the areas bordering Hunan Province), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except for the areas bordering Hunan Province), Gansu Province (except for Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, and some areas of Gansu). 5.2.6 Regional quality ratio is poor, see Table 4.
1. Jiangsu Province, 2. Zhejiang Province, 3. Anhui Province: 4. Shandong Province; 5. Hebei Province; 6. Henan Province, 7. Hubei Province, 8. Jiangxi Province, 9. Shanxi Province; 10. Hunan Province: 11. Shanghai, 12. Tianjin, 13. Beijing; 14. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (except the four eastern leagues) 307
Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Province
GB/T14787--93
Continued Table 4
1. The bordering areas between Henan Province and Shaanxi Province; 2. 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Hunan Province and Guizhou Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangdong Province; 4. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, Shaanxi Province; 5. Jiangxi Province and Fujian Province, Guangdong Province bordering area, 6. Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province bordering area; 7. Sichuan Province and Hubei Province bordering area; 8. Guizhou Province and Hunan Province bordering area; 9. Southern Shaanxi Province, 10. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Hunan Province bordering area, 11. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 12. Fujian Province; 13. Hainan Province, 14. Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, Gannan in Gansu Province 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Shaanxi Province and Sichuan Province bordering area; 4. Yunnan Province; 5. Qinghai Province; 6. Guangdong Province; 7. Gansu Province; 8. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except the border with Hunan Province) 5.3 Grade requirements of Jingdong strips
5.3.1 Quality requirements, see Table 3.
5.4 Difference between male and female skins
Male skin 100%
6 Inspection method
6.1 Inspection conditions and tools
6.1.1 Inspection conditions
Female skin 50%
The indoor light should be appropriate, avoid direct sunlight or dark light. 6.1.2 Inspection tools
Operation table, ruler.
6.2 Operation steps
6.2.1 Separate Yuan skin, Jingdong strip, and Huanglang skin according to the characteristics. 6.2.2 Identify male and female skins
6.2.2.1 Male skin
Male skin has a large width, thick skin plate, and genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is long, and the tail hair is long and thick. 6.2.2.2 Female skin
Female skin has a small width, slightly thin skin plate, and no genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is short, and the hair is short and thin. 6.3 Quality Inspection
6.3.1 Yuan Hide
Hold the head of the hide with one hand and the buttocks of the hide with the other hand. First, check the quality of the hair on the head, the color, oiliness, and damage of the back and belly of the hide. Then twist the hide tube with your hand to feel the thickness, thinness, softness, and hardness of the board, the richness, sparseness, and damage of the hair. Hold the tail hair lightly with the index finger and thumb of one hand to observe whether there is hair loss, whether the coccyx is pulled out, etc. Finally, move your hand to the tip of the tail and shake the hand holding the head up and down. Observe the length, elasticity, shape, and fluffiness of the tail hair, and determine the production season and hide quality based on all aspects. 6.3.2 Yellow wolf skin
Put the skin on the workbench with the fur facing upwards, rub the back of the skin with one hand, pinch the snout with the thumb and index finger of the other hand, and use the wrist strength to shake the skin up and down (until all the hair returns to its natural state and becomes fluffy), and observe the length, density, luster, color, and whether there are any injuries on the surface of the hair. Touch the hair with your hand to feel the richness of the hair. Blow the hair with your mouth for any doubts to help verify its quality. After checking the hair, turn the skin over to face upwards and check the thickness, color, oiliness, etc. of the skin. Determine the production season and quality of the skin based on various conditions. 6.3.3 Jingdong Strip
Hold the head of the skin with one hand and the buttocks of the skin with the other hand, and use the wrist force to shake it to restore the plush to its natural state. Check the length, density, 508
GB/T 14787-93
luster, color of the plush, whether the surface of the hair is neat and smooth, and whether the tail hair is fluffy. Then use your hands to feel the richness of the plush and the thickness of the leather. If there are any doubts, blow the plush with your mouth to assist in the inspection. Finally, determine the production season and quality based on various conditions. 6.3.4 Area Calculation
6.3.4.1 Measurement of Length and Width
Yuan skin: Measure from the middle of the two eyes to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width (double the width of the cylindrical skin). Yellow wolf skin: Measure from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width. Jingdong Strip: The method for skin is the same as that for yellow wolf skin (double the width of the cylindrical skin). 6.3.4.2 Area calculation
The area is calculated by multiplying the length and width.
6.4 Inspection rules
6.4.1 Each sheet shall be inspected according to the grade requirements. 6.4.2 Principles for handling defects
The requirements for hard defects are lenient, while those for soft defects are strict; the requirements for defects in minor parts are lenient, while those in major parts are strict; the requirements for concentrated defects are lenient, while those for dispersed defects are strict.
6.4.3 If there is a grade quality dispute during the handover, the disputed part can be re-inspected. If there is still a dispute after the re-inspection, the two parties shall negotiate to resolve it. 7 Packaging, storage, and transportation
7.1 Packaging
7.1.1 Yuan skin
Pack separately according to the route, grade, and male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces one by one. Tie a rope at the neck and buttocks, wrap it with paper, and then put it into a carton or bag lined with moisture-proof paper or wrapping paper, and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.1.2 Jingdong strips
Pack separately according to the grade, male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces into a bundle. The bundle should be wrapped with paper with appropriate tightness. The bundling method and packing are the same as Yuan skins.
7.1.3 Yellow wolf skin
Pack separately according to the grade, route, male and female skins, and require 50 pieces to be bundled in a board-to-board and hair-to-hair manner. Tie a rope at the front legs and buttocks. Put it into a box or bag with refined naphthalene powder and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.2 Storage
7.2.1 Storage conditions
Warehouses for storing furs should be dry, clean and well ventilated. There should be shelves in the warehouse. The furs entering the warehouse should be completely dry. They should be protected from insects and rodents. 7.3 Transportation
7.3.1 Mode of transportation
Land and water transportation.
7.3.2 Transportation requirements
During transportation, weasel skins should be strictly protected from rain, sun exposure, moisture, rodent bites and insect infestation to ensure safe transportation. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the unified management of the Department of Local Products Management of the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Heilongjiang Fur Society. The main drafters of this standard were Zhou Qiujiao, Cao Zhengwen and Bianjiang. 309Pingquan County and Weichang County in Chengde District, Hebei Province
1. Two tears, with a total length not exceeding 3cm; 2. Two holes and abrasions, with a total area not exceeding 1cm2, can be given one of the following disabilities:
1. Can be given a graded skin disability;
2. Graded fur, plate-like, can be given 3 tears, with a total length not exceeding 8cm, 3 holes and abrasions, with a total area not exceeding 4cm2
5.2.2 The disability area specified for graded skin refers to male skin. It should be reduced by half for female skin. 5.2.3 Within 3cm below the ear root, the total area of the pinch injury does not exceed 1cm, which is not considered a defect. >500
Grade ratio difference
≤40 pricing
5.2.4 Severe macules, severe scars, burns, tangerine peel, hair loss due to suffocation, and tail damage exceeding one-third of the tail length are all graded as appropriate. Other injuries and disabilities are treated the same as the original skin.
5.2.5 Areas without area regulations
Yunnan Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Sichuan Province (except for the areas bordering Hunan Province and Hubei Province), Guizhou Province (except for the areas bordering Hunan Province), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except for the areas bordering Hunan Province), Gansu Province (except for Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, and some areas of Gansu). 5.2.6 Regional quality ratio is poor, see Table 4.
1. Jiangsu Province, 2. Zhejiang Province, 3. Anhui Province: 4. Shandong Province; 5. Hebei Province; 6. Henan Province, 7. Hubei Province, 8. Jiangxi Province, 9. Shanxi Province; 10. Hunan Province: 11. Shanghai, 12. Tianjin, 13. Beijing; 14. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (except the four eastern leagues) 307
Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Province
GB/T14787--93
Continued Table 4
1. The bordering areas between Henan Province and Shaanxi Province; 2. 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Hunan Province and Guizhou Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangdong Province; 4. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, Shaanxi Province; 5. Jiangxi Province and Fujian Province, Guangdong Province bordering area, 6. Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province bordering area; 7. Sichuan Province and Hubei Province bordering area; 8. Guizhou Province and Hunan Province bordering area; 9. Southern Shaanxi Province, 10. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Hunan Province bordering area, 11. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 12. Fujian Province; 13. Hainan Province, 14. Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, Gannan in Gansu Province 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Shaanxi Province and Sichuan Province bordering area; 4. Yunnan Province; 5. Qinghai Province; 6. Guangdong Province; 7. Gansu Province; 8. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except the border with Hunan Province) 5.3 Grade requirements of Jingdong strips
5.3.1 Quality requirements, see Table 3.
5.4 Difference between male and female skins
Male skin 100%
6 Inspection method
6.1 Inspection conditions and tools
6.1.1 Inspection conditions
Female skin 50%
The indoor light should be appropriate, avoid direct sunlight or dark light. 6.1.2 Inspection tools
Operation table, ruler.
6.2 Operation steps
6.2.1 Separate Yuan skin, Jingdong strip, and Huanglang skin according to the characteristics. 6.2.2 Identify male and female skins
6.2.2.1 Male skin
Male skin has a large width, thick skin plate, and genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is long, and the tail hair is long and thick. 6.2.2.2 Female skin
Female skin has a small width, slightly thin skin plate, and no genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is short, and the hair is short and thin. 6.3 Quality Inspection
6.3.1 Yuan Hide
Hold the head of the hide with one hand and the buttocks of the hide with the other hand. First, check the quality of the hair on the head, the color, oiliness, and damage of the back and belly of the hide. Then twist the hide tube with your hand to feel the thickness, thinness, softness, and hardness of the board, the richness, sparseness, and damage of the hair. Hold the tail hair lightly with the index finger and thumb of one hand to observe whether there is hair loss, whether the coccyx is pulled out, etc. Finally, move your hand to the tip of the tail and shake the hand holding the head up and down. Observe the length, elasticity, shape, and fluffiness of the tail hair, and determine the production season and hide quality based on all aspects. 6.3.2 Yellow wolf skin
Put the skin on the workbench with the fur facing upwards, rub the back of the skin with one hand, pinch the snout with the thumb and index finger of the other hand, and use the wrist strength to shake the skin up and down (until all the hair returns to its natural state and becomes fluffy), and observe the length, density, luster, color, and whether there are any injuries on the surface of the hair. Touch the hair with your hand to feel the richness of the hair. Blow the hair with your mouth for any doubts to help verify its quality. After checking the hair, turn the skin over to face upwards and check the thickness, color, oiliness, etc. of the skin. Determine the production season and quality of the skin based on various conditions. 6.3.3 Jingdong Strip
Hold the head of the skin with one hand and the buttocks of the skin with the other hand, and use the wrist force to shake it to restore the plush to its natural state. Check the length, density, 508
GB/T 14787-93
luster, color of the plush, whether the surface of the hair is neat and smooth, and whether the tail hair is fluffy. Then use your hands to feel the richness of the plush and the thickness of the leather. If there are any doubts, blow the plush with your mouth to assist in the inspection. Finally, determine the production season and quality based on various conditions. 6.3.4 Area Calculation
6.3.4.1 Measurement of Length and Width
Yuan skin: Measure from the middle of the two eyes to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width (double the width of the cylindrical skin). Yellow wolf skin: Measure from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width. Jingdong Strip: The method for skin is the same as that for yellow wolf skin (double the width of the cylindrical skin). 6.3.4.2 Area calculation
The area is calculated by multiplying the length and width.
6.4 Inspection rules
6.4.1 Each sheet shall be inspected according to the grade requirements. 6.4.2 Principles for handling defects
The requirements for hard defects are lenient, while those for soft defects are strict; the requirements for defects in minor parts are lenient, while those in major parts are strict; the requirements for concentrated defects are lenient, while those for dispersed defects are strict.
6.4.3 If there is a grade quality dispute during the handover, the disputed part can be re-inspected. If there is still a dispute after the re-inspection, the two parties shall negotiate to resolve it. 7 Packaging, storage, and transportation
7.1 Packaging
7.1.1 Yuan skin
Pack separately according to the route, grade, and male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces one by one. Tie a rope at the neck and buttocks, wrap it with paper, and then put it into a carton or bag lined with moisture-proof paper or wrapping paper, and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.1.2 Jingdong strips
Pack separately according to the grade, male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces into a bundle. The bundle should be wrapped with paper with appropriate tightness. The bundling method and packing are the same as Yuan skins.
7.1.3 Yellow wolf skin
Pack separately according to the grade, route, male and female skins, and require 50 pieces to be bundled in a board-to-board and hair-to-hair manner. Tie a rope at the front legs and buttocks. Put it into a box or bag with refined naphthalene powder and tie it tightly with a rope. 7.2 Storage
7.2.1 Storage conditions
Warehouses for storing furs should be dry, clean and well ventilated. There should be shelves in the warehouse. The furs entering the warehouse should be completely dry. They should be protected from insects and rodents. 7.3 Transportation
7.3.1 Mode of transportation
Land and water transportation.
7.3.2 Transportation requirements
During transportation, weasel skins should be strictly protected from rain, sun exposure, moisture, rodent bites and insect infestation to ensure safe transportation. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the unified management of the Department of Local Products Management of the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Heilongjiang Fur Society. The main drafters of this standard were Zhou Qiujiao, Cao Zhengwen and Bianjiang. 309Hunan Province: 11. Shanghai, 12. Tianjin, 13. Beijing; 14. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (except the four eastern leagues) 307
Guanzhong Region of Shaanxi Province
GB/T14787--93
Continued Table 4
1. The bordering areas between Henan Province and Shaanxi Province; 2. 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Hunan Province and Guizhou Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangdong Province; 4. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, Shaanxi Province; 5. Jiangxi Province and Fujian Province, Guangdong Province bordering area, 6. Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province bordering area; 7. Sichuan Province and Hubei Province bordering area; 8. Guizhou Province and Hunan Province bordering area; 9. Southern Shaanxi Province, 10. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Hunan Province bordering area, 11. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 12. Fujian Province; 13. Hainan Province, 14. Tianshui, Wudu, Linxia, Gannan in Gansu Province 1. Sichuan Province; 2. Guizhou Province; 3. Shaanxi Province and Sichuan Province bordering area; 4. Yunnan Province; 5. Qinghai Province; 6. Guangdong Province; 7. Gansu Province; 8. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (except the border with Hunan Province) 5.3 Grade requirements of Jingdong strips
5.3.1 Quality requirements, see Table 3.
5.4 Difference between male and female skins
Male skin 100%
6 Inspection method
6.1 Inspection conditions and tools
6.1.1 Inspection conditions
Female skin 50%
The indoor light should be appropriate, avoid direct sunlight or dark light. 6.1.2 Inspection tools
Operation table, ruler.
6.2 Operation steps
6.2.1 Separate Yuan skin, Jingdong strip, and Huanglang skin according to the characteristics. 6.2.2 Identify male and female skins
6.2.2.1 Male skin
Male skin has a large width, thick skin plate, and genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is long, and the tail hair is long and thick. 6.2.2.2 Female skin
Female skin has a small width, slightly thin skin plate, and no genital marks on the abdomen. The tail is short, and the hair is short and thin. 6.3 Quality Inspection
6.3.1 Yuan Hide
Hold the head of the hide with one hand and the buttocks of the hide with the other hand. First, check the quality of the hair on the head, the color, oiliness, and damage of the back and belly of the hide. Then twist the hide tube with your hand to feel the thickness, thinness, softness, and hardness of the board, the richness, sparseness, and damage of the hair. Hold the tail hair lightly with the index finger and thumb of one hand to observe whether there is hair loss, whether the coccyx is pulled out, etc. Finally, move your hand to the tip of the tail and shake the hand holding the head up and down. Observe the length, elasticity, shape, and fluffiness of the tail hair, and determine the production season and hide quality based on all aspects. 6.3.2 Yellow wolf skin
Put the skin on the workbench with the fur facing upwards, rub the back of the skin with one hand, pinch the snout with the thumb and index finger of the other hand, and use the wrist strength to shake the skin up and down (until all the hair returns to its natural state and becomes fluffy), and observe the length, density, luster, color, and whether there are any injuries on the surface of the hair. Touch the hair with your hand to feel the richness of the hair. Blow the hair with your mouth for any doubts to help verify its quality. After checking the hair, turn the skin over to face upwards and check the thickness, color, oiliness, etc. of the skin. Determine the production season and quality of the skin based on various conditions. 6.3.3 Jingdong Strip
Hold the head of the skin with one hand and the buttocks of the skin with the other hand, and use the wrist force to shake it to restore the plush to its natural state. Check the length, density, 508
GB/T 14787-93
luster, color of the plush, whether the surface of the hair is neat and smooth, and whether the tail hair is fluffy. Then use your hands to feel the richness of the plush and the thickness of the leather. If there are any doubts, blow the plush with your mouth to assist in the inspection. Finally, determine the production season and quality based on various conditions. 6.3.4 Area Calculation
6.3.4.1 Measurement of Length and Width
Yuan skin: Measure from the middle of the two eyes to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width (double the width of the cylindrical skin). Yellow wolf skin: Measure from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail as the length, and select an appropriate part of the waist to measure the width. Jingdong Strip: The method for skin is the same as that for yellow wolf skin (double the width of the cylindrical skin). 6.3.4.2 Area calculation
The area is calculated by multiplying the length and width.
6.4 Inspection rules
6.4.1 Each sheet shall be inspected according to the grade requirements. 6.4.2 Principles for handling defects
The requirements for hard defects are lenient, while those for soft defects are strict; the requirements for defects in minor parts are lenient, while those in major parts are strict; the requirements for concentrated defects are lenient, while those for dispersed defects are strict.
6.4.3 If there is a grade quality dispute during the handover, the disputed part can be re-inspected. If there is still a dispute after the re-inspection, the two parties shall negotiate to resolve it. 7 Packaging, storage, and transportation
7.1 Packaging
7.1.1 Yuan skin
Pack separately according to the route, grade, and male and female skins. Straighten the head and tail, and bundle 50 pieces one by one. Tie a rope at the neck and buttocks, wrap it with paper, and then put it into a cart
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