GB 3102.11-1993 Mathematical symbols used in physical science and technology
Some standard content:
Quote
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Mathematical signs and symbols for use in the physical sciences and technology
GB 3102. 1193||tt| |Replacing GB3102.11-·86
This standard adopts the international standard 1SO31-11:1992 "Quantities and Units Part 11: Mathematical Signs and Symbols Used in Physical Science and Technology".
This standard is one of a series of national standards related to quantities and units that have been formulated. This series of national standards are: GB3100 International System of Units and its Applications;
GB3101 Related to Quantities, Units and General principles of symbols; quantities and units of space and time;
GB 3102.1
GB3102.2 Quantities and units of cycles and related phenomena; GB3102.3 Quantities and units of mechanics;||tt ||Thermal quantities and units:
GB3102.4
GB3102.5 Electrical and magnetic quantities and units; GB3102.6 Light and related electromagnetic radiation quantities and units; GB3102.7 Acoustics Quantities and units of
Quantities and units of physical chemistry and molecular physics; GB 3102.8
GB3102.9 Quantities and units of atomic physics and nuclear physics; Quantities and units of nuclear reactions and ionizing radiation Units; GB 3102.10 | The above-mentioned national standards implement the "Measurement Law of the People's Republic of China", the "Standardization Law of the People's Republic of China", the "Order on the Uniform Implementation of Legal Measurement Units in my country" and the "Legal Measurement of the People's Republic of China" promulgated by the State Council on February 27, 1984. Unit". Special instructions in this standard:
variables (for example, etc.), variable subscripts (for example, 2 in Z;z;) and functions (for example, +g, etc.) are represented by italic letters. AB and CD are represented by italic letters. Parameters that are considered constants in specific situations (such as a, b, etc.) are also represented by italic letters. Known functions with definitions (such as sin, exp, ln, etc.) are represented by regular letters. . Mathematical constants whose values ??do not change (such as e=2.7182818, yuan=3.1415926, i=-1, etc.) are represented by regular letters. The defined operators (such as div, 8 and d in df/dz) are also represented. The numbers in the numerical table (such as 351204, 1.32, 7/8) are expressed in regular letters. The independent variables of the function are written in parentheses after the bacteria number symbol, and there is no space between the function symbol and the parentheses. , such as (x), cos (at ten). If the symbol of the function is composed of two or more letters and the independent variable does not contain operations such as ten, one,,·or/, the circle enclosed in the independent variable The brackets can be omitted. In this case, a gap should be left between the function and the independent variable symbol, such as ent2.4, sinnx, arcosh2A, approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on 1993-12-27 and implemented on 1994-07-01
307
Eir.
GB3102.11-93
To avoid confusion, parentheses are often used. For example, cos (z) ten y or (cosr) ten y should not be written as cos ten. y, since the latter may be misinterpreted as cosαy)
When an expression or equation needs to be broken up and expressed on two or more lines, it is best to place the symbols two, ten, and one immediately next to each other. scalars, vectors and tensors used to represent a certain physical quantity are independent of the choice of coordinate system, although the scalar or tensor is used. The components are related to the choice of the coordinate system
It is important to distinguish between the "components of the loss a", that is, ara, and a, and the "components of the loss a", that is, ae, a, e, and a, e. The Cartesian component of the radial vector is equivalent to the Cartesian coordinate of the endpoint of the radial vector. The vector in the physical quantity can be written in the form of multiplying the numerical vector base and the unit, for example:
component F
Numerical loss
2N,5N)=(3,—2.5)N
F-(3N,
Numeric value
unit
The unit here N is a scalar, and the same method applies to second-order and higher-order tensors. The main contents of this standard are listed in table form. The unit
is given in the same item number in the table. When there is more than one expression, they shall be equivalent. However, in the order of listing, commonly used mathematical symbols, corresponding names or expressions are always listed first. Instructions for the use of symbols and application examples are given in the Remarks column of this form. This standard specifies mathematical symbols commonly used in physical science, engineering technology and related teaching; mathematical symbols that are too specialized are not included.
In this standard, the international standard ISO31-11:1992 "Quantities and Units Part 11: Mathematical signs and symbols used in physical science and technology" is called [1], and the original national standard GB789-65 "Mathematical Symbols (Trial Draft)" is called [2]. 1Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the meaning, reading and application of mathematical symbols used in physical science and technology. This standard applies to all fields of science and technology. 2 Table of mathematical symbols used in physical science and technology 308
2.1
Geometric symbols 1
Term number
11-1.1
11-1.2| |tt||11-1.3
11-1.4
11-1.5
11-1.6
11-1.7
11-1.8||tt ||11-1.9
11-1.10
11-1.11
symbol
AB,AB
AB
yuan||tt ||口
1
,
S
1] The geometric symbols are taken from [2].
GB 3102.11—93
Meaning or pronunciation
[straight]” line segment AB
the line segment AB
[plane] angle||tt ||plane angle
class AB
the arc AB
pi
ratio of the circumference of acircle to its diameter
triangle
triangle
parallelogram
parallelogram
circle
circle
vertical
is perpendicular to
parallel||tt| |is parallel to
similar
is similar to
congruent
is congruentto
2) The words in square brackets in the text can be omitted or Do not read, the same below. Remarks and examples
Use IABI.AB or the lowercase Latin letter
to represent the length of the straight line segment
Refer to 11-12.1|| tt||Refer to GB3102.1 1-1 and 1-1.a
~1-1. d
When AB is a circular arc, AB can be used to represent
arc The degree of AB [corresponding]
The ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle,
#—3.1415926.
is used to express parallel and equal
309
2.2
Set theory notation
Term number
11-2.1
11-2.2
11-2.3
11-2.4|| tt||11-2.5
11-2.6
11-2.7
11-2.8
310
symbol
E
(1)
card
@
application
TEA
YEA
A
ARy
{Z,Ta...T.}
(EAlp(r))
card(A)
GB 3102.11—93
meaning or pronunciation
belongs to A and is an element of set A]
A:
r is an element of the set is not an element of the
setA
the set A contains x(as
element)
The set A does not contain y(as element)
elements, 2,,, the set A does not contain y(as element)
set with elements 1 +2
set of those elements of :A
for which the proposition| |tt||p() is true
The number of elements in A
The potential (or cardinal number) of A
number of elements in A;
cardinal of A
the empty set
the empty set
Remarks and Examples
Set A can be simply called set A
or E
Yin or
can also be used as 1, where 1
represents the indicator set
Example: ER5 If we look at the previous bzxZ.net
relationship, set A is already clear , then
can be represented by ((), for example:
(r≤5)
A() sometimes can also be written as
(A:() or (EA+())
item number
11-2.9
11-2.10
11-2.11
11-2.12
11 -2.13
11-2.14
11-2.15
11-2.16
11-2.17
symbol
NN||tt| |z,z
QQ
RR
cc
[,]
J.
E,
[ ,
J,[
Application
[a,b]
Jab
a,b]
[a,b[
Ea,b)
Ja,b
(a,b)
GB 3102.11—93
meaning or the law
The set of non-negative integers, the set of natural numbers
the set of positive integersand zeros
the set of natural numbers
the set of integers
rational numbers set
the set of rational numbers
the set of real numbers
the set of real numbers
the set of complex numbers
Closed interval from a to b in R
closed interval in R from a
(included) to (included)
from α to b (included)
half-open interval
left half-open interval in Rfrom a (excluded) to 6
(included)
R from a (included) to b The right haif-open interval of
right haif-open interval in
R from a (included) to b
(exeluded)
R is given by Open interval from α to 6
open interval in R from a
(excluded) to b (excluded)
Remarks and examples
N={0,1, 2,3,...)
In the episodes from 11-2.9 to 11-2.13, the episodes with
except 0 should be superscripted with an asterisk or subscript +
. For example, N or N, +
N, = {0,1,***,k -- 1)
Z-(,--2,-1,0,1,2, )
See the notes of 11-2.9
See the notes of 11-2.9
See the notes of 11-2.9
See the notes of 11-2.9
[a,b-(aERaT≤b]
Ja,bl=(xE R la<≤b)
[abERrb]
Ta,b[=tER la<12
11-2.13
11-2.14
11-2.15
11-2.16
11-2.17
symbol||tt ||NN
z,z
QQ
RR
cc
[,]
J.
E ,
[,
J,[
Application
[a,b]
Jab
a,b]||tt ||[a,b[
Ea,b)
Ja,b
(a,b)
GB 3102.11—93
Meaning or The method
the set of positive integers and zeros
the set of natural numbers
the set of natural numbers
the set of integers
the set of rational numbers
the set of real numbers
the set of real numbers
the set of complex numbers
the set of complex numbers
closed interval in R from a to b
closed interval in R from a
(included) to (included)
from α to b (included) left
left half-open interval in Rfrom a (excluded) to 6
(included)
R from a R from a (included) to b
(exeluded)| |tt||Open interval in R from α to 6
open interval in R from a
(excluded) to b (excluded)
Remarks and examples
N={0,1,2,3,...)
In the episodes from 11-2.9 to 11-2.13, arrange
sets except 0, should be superscripted with an asterisk or subscripted +
number, such as N or N, +
N, = {0,1,***,k -- 1)
Z-(,--2,-1 ,0,1,2,)
Refer to the remarks of 11-2.9
Refer to the remarks of 11-2.9
Refer to the remarks of 11-2.9
Refer to 11-2.9 Remarks
[a,b-(aERaT≤b]
Ja,bl=(xE R la<≤b)
[abERrb]
Ta,b [=tER la<12
11-2.13
11-2.14
11-2.15
11-2.16
11-2.17
symbol||tt ||NN
z,z
QQ
RR
cc
[,]
J.
E ,
[,
J,[
Application
[a,b]
Jab
a,b]||tt ||[a,b[
Ea,b)
Ja,b
(a,b)
GB 3102.11—93
Meaning or The method
the set of positive integers and zeros
the set of natural numbers
the set of natural numbers
the set of integers
the set of rational numbers
the set of real numbers
the set of real numbers
the set of complex numbers
the set of complex numbers
closed interval in R from a to b
closed interval in R from a
(included) to (included)
from α to b (included) left
left half-open interval in Rfrom a (excluded) to 6
(included)
R from a (included) to the right haif-open interval in
R from a (included) to b
(exeluded)| |tt||Open interval in R from α to 6
open interval in R from a
(excluded) to b (excluded)
Remarks and examples
N={0,1,2,3,...)
In the episodes from 11-2.9 to 11-2.13, arrange
sets except 0, should be superscripted with an asterisk or subscripted +
number, such as N or N, +
N, = {0,1,***,k -- 1)
Z-(,--2,-1 ,0,1,2,)
Refer to the remarks of 11-2.9
Refer to the remarks of 11-2.9
Refer to the remarks of 11-2.9
Refer to 11-2.9 Remarks
[a,b-(aERaT≤b]
Ja,bl=(xE R la<≤b)
[abERrb]
Ta,b [=tER la<
apply
a=b
a6
def
a6
aab
aocb
atb
ab
b>a
ab
ba
ab
ba
GB 3102.11—93||tt ||Meaning or pronunciation
a is equal to b
a is equal to b
a is not equal to b
a is not equal to b
Press Define α equal to b or a with b as
Definition
a is definition equal to b
a is equivalent to b
a corresponds tob
a approximately equal to b
a is approximately equal to
6
α is proportional to 6
a is proportional to b
a than b||tt| |ratio of a to b
a is less than b
α is less than b
b is greater than a
b is greater than a
a is less than or equal to b
a is less than or equal to bb greater than or equal to a
b is greater than or equal toαmuch less than b
a is much less than b
b is much greater than a
Remarks and examples
Three is used to emphasize that this equation is the mathematical identity [formula] of
def
Example: p
where force is momentum, m is mass, and speed
degree
can also be used
For example, when 1cm is equivalent to
10km long on a map, it can be written as
1cm≥10 km
Symbol 1 is used for "asymptotically equal", see 11-6.11||tt ||Also used in []~
Selected from [2]
Not used ≤
Not used ≥
315
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.