Some standard content:
GB16556—1996
This standard is formulated based on the first part of the German national standard DIN58645 "Technical requirements, tests and markings for air respirators" (1986 edition) and the Japanese national standard JIST8155 "Air respirators" (1986 edition), combined with the technical status of self-contained air respirators in my country. The requirements of these two standards are adopted in terms of technical content. This standard is formulated for the first time in my country. It stipulates the types, technical requirements and other elements of self-contained air respirators, and provides a national unified basis for domestic self-contained air respirator manufacturers and national accreditation departments. This standard is an independent part of the respiratory protection category. In the respiratory protection category, my country has formulated several standards, such as: GB2890 filter-type gas mask;
GB2891.1~2891.6 filter-type gas mask and mask performance test method; GB6220~6221 long tube mask and its performance test method; GB2626 self-priming filter dustproof port.
Appendix A of this standard is the appendix of the standard.
This standard is proposed and managed by the Technical Committee for Standardization of Salvage and Underwater Engineering of the Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China. Drafting unit of this standard: Shanghai Diving Equipment Factory of the Ministry of Communications. Main drafters of this standard: Xu Canwu, Zhang Gensheng, Wu Haoming, Song Lingqing 193
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Self-contained air breathing apparatus
Self-contained compressed air breathing apparatusGB 16556—1996
This standard specifies the types, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules and product marking and packaging requirements of self-contained air breathing apparatus.
This standard applies to self-contained air breathing apparatus (hereinafter referred to as air breathing apparatus) used by workers and rescue and disaster relief personnel in the fire-fighting, mining, chemical, metallurgical, shipping and other industries to prevent inhalation of toxic gases, smoke, harmful pollutants suspended in the air or in oxygen-deficient environments.
This standard does not apply to oxygen breathing apparatus and diving breathing apparatus. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and the parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB1189-81 Appearance quality of hose
GB 1226-86
"General pressure gauge
GB6220-86 Long tube mask
Lao Guozi (1989) No. 12 Gas Cylinder Safety Supervision Regulations 3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Self-contained compressed air breathing apparatus A breathing apparatus in which the user carries a gas cylinder for storing air and does not rely on ambient gas when breathing. 3.2 Negative pressure breathing apparatus A breathing apparatus in which the pressure in the mask during the inhalation phase of any breathing cycle of the user is less than the ambient pressure. 3.3 Positive pressure breathing apparatus A breathing apparatus in which the pressure in the mask during any breathing cycle of the user is greater than the ambient pressure. 3.4 Rated air storage capacity air supply volumeConvert the gas volume of the cylinder under the nominal working pressure to the gas volume at 20℃-standard atmospheric pressure. 4 Product types and models
4.1 Product types
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on October 9, 199619.1
Implemented on June 1, 1997
Positive pressure respirator
Negative pressure respirator
Positive pressure respirator
Negative pressure respirator
|4.2 Product model series
Model mark
4.3 Product mark example
GB16556--1996
Table 1 Types of air respirators
Operation and rescue
Escape and self-rescue
Table 2 Series of air respirators
Classification mark
Rated air storage capacity,
600Q800
8001200
1 2000<1 600
1 600Q<2 000
2 000≤Q2 400
If a positive pressure air respirator suitable for operation and rescue has a rated gas volume of 18001, the product is marked as RPP205Technical requirements
5.1 Performance requirements
5.1.1 Air tightness
5.1.1.1 The air tightness of the high pressure part (the combination of components that directly bear the pressure of the gas cylinder during operation) shall be tested according to the method specified in 6.1, and each part shall be leak-free.
5.1.1.2 The air tightness of the medium pressure part (the combination of components that bear the output pressure of the pressure reducer during operation) shall be tested according to the method specified in 6.2, and each part shall be leak-free.
5.1.1.3 The air tightness of the low pressure part (the combination of components that bear the output pressure of the gas supply valve during operation) shall be tested according to the method specified in 6.3, and each part shall be leak-free.
5.1.2 Mask performance
The leakage rate and actual harmful space of the mask shall comply with the provisions of 4.1.1 of GB6220. 5.1.3 Alarm performance
a) Tested according to the method specified in 6.4, when the remaining gas volume in the cylinder is equal to 1/5 of the rated gas storage volume (error ± 50L) for at least 200L, the alarm shall give an alarm signal.
b) When using an alarm with a loud alarm, test it according to the method specified in 6.4, and its sound level shall not be less than 90dBA), and when the cylinder pressure drops from the set alarm pressure to 1MPa, the average gas consumption of the alarm shall not exceed 6L/min. 5.1.4 Air respirator flow requirements
5.1.4.1 Negative pressure respirator
a) When tested according to the method specified in 6.5, when the input pressure is in the range of 1~2MPa, the air supply flow rate shall not be less than 150L/min; when the input pressure is in the range of 2MPa to the rated working pressure of the cylinder, the air supply flow rate shall not be less than 300L/min, and the inhalation resistance shall not be more than 980Pa
b) When tested according to the method specified in 6.5, when the exhalation flow rate is 300L/min, the exhalation resistance shall not be greater than 300Pa. 5.1.4.2 Positive pressure respirator
a) Tested according to the method specified in 6.5, when the input pressure is 1-2MPa, the air supply flow rate should not be less than 150L/min, when the input pressure is 2MPa to the rated working pressure range of the gas cylinder, the air supply flow rate should not be less than 300L/min, and the pressure in the mask is greater than zero. b) Tested according to the method specified in 6.5, the opening pressure of the exhalation valve should not be greater than 600Pa; when the exhalation flow rate is 160L/min, the exhalation resistance should not be greater than 700Pa; when the exhalation flow rate is 3001./min, the exhalation resistance should not be greater than 980Pa. 5.1.5 Respiratory resistance of air respirator
5.1.5.1 Negative pressure respirator
Tested according to the method specified in 6.6, when the input pressure is 1MPa to the rated working pressure range of the gas cylinder, the inhalation resistance of artificial lung respiration should not exceed 700Pa, and the exhalation resistance should not exceed 300Pa. 5.1.5.2 Positive pressure respirator
Tested according to the method specified in 6.6, when the input pressure is 2MPa to the rated operating pressure of the cylinder, the exhalation resistance should not exceed 980Pa, and the pressure inside the mask should be greater than zero during inhalation. 5.1.6 High temperature resistance of air respirator
Tested according to the method specified in 6.7. There should be no abnormal deformation, adhesion, debonding and other phenomena in the parts of the air respirator. Its performance during artificial lung respiration should meet the following requirements.
a) Negative pressure respirator: Inhalation resistance is not more than 700Pa, and exhalation resistance is not more than 300Pa. b) Positive pressure respirator: Exhalation resistance is not more than 700Pa, and the pressure inside the mask is greater than zero during inhalation. 5.1.7 Low temperature resistance of air respirator
Tested according to the method specified in 6.8, there should be no cracking, abnormal shrinkage, brittleness and other phenomena in the parts of the air respirator. Its performance during artificial lung respiration should meet the following requirements.
a) Negative pressure respirator: breathing resistance is not more than 980Pa. b) Positive pressure respirator: exhalation resistance is not more than 980Pa, and the pressure inside the mask is greater than zero during inhalation. 5.1.8 Applicability of air respirators
Tested according to the method specified in Appendix A (Appendix of the standard), the wearer should feel good subjectively and there should be no air supply shortage. The wearer should be checked by electrocardiogram, heart rate and blood pressure, and the results should be within the normal range. When tested in a simulated environment, the wearer should be able to pass through the simulated environment smoothly. 5.2 Construction requirements
5.2.1 General requirements
The structure of the air respirator should be simple, and it can be worn and used without help. The user should not be climbed when passing through narrow passages, and the installation position of the cylinder valve should enable the wearer to open and close it by himself. The connection between the cylinder valve and the pressure reducer, and the connection between the mask and the air supply valve should be reliable and do not require special tools. They should be connected manually. If a seal is used at the connection, it should not fall off or shift.
5.2.2 Structural requirements for each component
5.2.2.1 Mask
The weight of the mask should be distributed symmetrically, and the head section should be adjustable according to the needs of the human body. Its structural requirements shall comply with the provisions of 4.1 of GB6220. 5.2.2.2 Air supply valve
The air supply valve should be easy to connect to the mask, and the positive pressure air supply valve should be equipped with an automatic positive pressure mechanism. 5.2.2.3 Exhalation valve
The exhalation valve should be set at an appropriate position, and prevent the exhalation valve from being damaged and deformed by external forces. When the internal and external pressures are balanced, it should be kept in a closed state. 5.2.2.4 Pressure reducer
The output pressure adjustment part of the pressure reducer should be equipped with a locking device. When the valve of the air supply valve is opened in the reverse direction, a 196
safety valve should be set at the output end of the pressure reducer.
5.2.2.5 Safety valve
GB165561996
The safety valve shall be equipped with a dust cover, and the safety valve shall work normally within the parameter range specified by the manufacturer. 5.2.2.6 Pressure display device
The pressure gauge shall display the cylinder pressure, and its installation position shall enable the wearer to read the pressure value conveniently. The diameter of the pressure gauge shall not be greater than 60mm, and the outer shell shall be equipped with a rubber protective cover.
The accuracy of the pressure gauge shall not be lower than Class 2.5, the minimum grid value shall be 1MPa, and the alarm pressure value segment on the dial shall be clearly indicated. Even in dim and dark environments, the wearer can read the indicated pressure. The structure and performance of the pressure gauge shall comply with GB1226. When the pressure gauge is damaged or the hose connected to it falls off, it shall be tested according to the method specified in 6.9. Under the rated working pressure of the cylinder, its gas leakage shall not exceed 30L/min.
5.2.2.7 Alarm
Rescue air respirators should be equipped with alarms to automatically provide alarm signals to users, and the alarm pressure adjustment part should be equipped with a locking device.
5.2.2.8 Airway
The airway should not hinder the wearer's work and free movement of the head, and should not interfere with the connection between the air supply valve and the mask; when the wearer's activities cause the airway to bend or deform, the airway should not cause ventilation obstacles; the bursting pressure of the airway should not be less than 4 times the output working pressure of the pressure reducer. The appearance quality of the airway should comply with GB1189. 5.2.2.9 Cylinder valve
If the cylinder valve cannot be locked after opening, the cylinder valve opening handwheel should be able to rotate at least 2 circles; a safety diaphragm should be installed on the cylinder valve, and the bursting pressure of the safety diaphragm should not exceed the design pressure of the cylinder. The output interfaces of cylinder valves with different working pressures should not be interchangeable. The spare cylinder should be equipped with a cylinder valve plug. 5.2.2.10 Gas cylinders
The design, manufacturing inspection and use of gas cylinders shall comply with the "Gas Cylinder Safety Supervision Regulations" No. 12 of Lao Guozi (1989). The surface color of the gas cylinder is orange, and it should be marked with the words "compressed air and rated working pressure". 5.2.2.11 Strength of high-pressure part
The high-pressure part shall be tested according to the method specified in 6.10. The high-pressure part shall be subjected to a water pressure of 1.5 times the rated working pressure for 2 minutes. There shall be no leakage or abnormal deformation of each component.
5.2.2.12 Back support
The wearer shall not be hindered when bending over and working, and the webbing shall be adjustable according to the wearer's needs. 5.3 Weight
The total weight of the air respirator shall not exceed 16kg (the gas pressure in the gas cylinder is at the rated working pressure). 5.4 Materials
The materials used in the air respirator should have sufficient mechanical strength and sufficient corrosion resistance. The materials in contact with the breathing gas should not be harmful to health and produce irritating odors.
For all parts that need to be cleaned and disinfected, the manufacturer should recommend non-corrosive cleaning agents and disinfectants for these parts. 6 Test methods
6.1 High-pressure part air tightness test
Input air test pressure at the input end of the high-pressure part. When the test pressure value is reached, use a leak detector to check for leaks. Test pressure (MPa) = rated working pressure of the gas cylinder (MPa) - 2MPa6.2 Medium-pressure part air tightness test
a) Input the test pressure specified in 6.1 at the input end of the high-pressure part, and use a leak detector to check for leaks at each medium-pressure connection end. 197
GB16556-1996
b) Input 3MPa air pressure at the input end of the high-pressure part, and use a leak detector to check for leaks at each medium-pressure connection end. 6.3 Low-pressure part air tightness test
Put the mask on the test head shape, close the exhalation valve, add 1470Pa air pressure into the mask, and use a leak detection liquid to check for leaks. 6.4 Alarm performance test
a) Input an air pressure of 200% or more of the set alarm action pressure to the alarm input end, use a bypass valve to reduce the input pressure, and measure the alarm action pressure;
b) When the alarm sounds, measure the sound level at a distance of 1m from the alarm; c) Connect the alarm output end to the flowmeter, change the alarm input pressure, measure the alarm output flow when the alarm input pressure is the set value and the alarm input pressure is 1MPa, and calculate the average value. 6.5 Air respirator flow test
a) Inspiratory flow test
Put the mask on the test head form, connect the rest of the parts according to the product assembly state, change the input pressure of the pressure reducer input end, and measure the pressure inside the mask when the continuous flow is 150L/min and 300L/min. The input end pressure can be based on the characteristics of the product, and 2 to 3 points in each specified input pressure section can be taken as the test points of the input pressure in this section.
b) Exhalation flow test
Put the mask on the test head form, connect the rest of the parts according to the product assembly state, slowly pressurize the inner cavity of the exhalation valve, measure the opening resistance of the exhalation valve, change the exhalation flow, and measure the exhalation resistance value when the continuous flow is 160L/min and 300/min respectively. 6.6 Air breathing resistance test
Wear the mask on the test headform, and connect its breathing interface to the artificial lung. The air pressure in the cylinder is the rated working pressure. Start the artificial lung and measure the breathing resistance value in the mask during the process of the cylinder pressure dropping to the specified pressure (artificial lung breathing rate 20 times/rmin, breathing flow 40 L/min).
6.7 Air respirator high temperature resistance test
Wear the mask on the test headform and put it into the high temperature box together with the air respirator. The breathing interface of the test headform is connected to the artificial lung outside the high temperature box. Start the high temperature box and heat it to 65℃±3C, then start the artificial lung and measure the breathing resistance until the cylinder pressure drops to 2MPa. Keep it warm for 4h and then take it out to observe the surface of each component of the air respirator (the air pressure in the cylinder is 10MPa, the breathing rate of the human lung is 20 times/min and the breathing flow is 40L/mn).
6.8 Low temperature resistance test of air respirator
Put the mask on the test headform and put it into the low temperature box together with the air respirator. Connect the breathing interface of the test headform to the artificial lung outside the low temperature box. Start the low temperature box to reduce the temperature to -30°C ± 3°C, then connect the gas cylinder placed outside the low temperature box to the pressure reducer, start the artificial lung, and measure the breathing resistance until the gas cylinder pressure drops to 2MPa (the air pressure in the gas cylinder is the rated working pressure·the breathing frequency of the artificial lung is 20 times/min, and the breathing flow rate is 40L/min). 6.9 Leakage test of pressure display device
Add rated working pressure to the inlet end of the airway, connect the pressure gauge connection end to the flow meter, and measure its leakage. 6.10 High-pressure part strength test
Discharge 1.5 times the rated working pressure at the inlet end of the high-pressure part for 2 minutes, and check for leakage and abnormal deformation. 7 Inspection rules
7.1 General
Product inspection is divided into type inspection and factory inspection. In any of the following situations, air respirators should be inspected. a) Finalization and identification of new trial products; b) Major changes in product structure, materials used or main processing technology during the production process; c) Production is resumed after a year of suspension.
7.2 Sampling method
GB16556-1996
Type inspection shall randomly select 3 air respirators from no less than 10 air respirators in the manufacturer and seal them for testing. Factory inspection shall test each air respirator in the production site. 7.3 Inspection content
Type inspection shall be carried out according to the performance indicators specified in Chapter 5 Technical requirements. The high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance of air respirators can be tested with one sample. Factory inspection shall not be less than the following contents:
a) According to 5.1.1 Air tightness;
b) According to 5.1.3 Alarm performance;
c) According to 5.1.4 Air respirator flow requirements; d) According to 5.1.5 Air respirator breathing resistance. 7.4 Judgment rules
Type inspection shall be carried out according to the contents specified in 7.3. When all indicators meet the requirements of this standard, it shall be judged as qualified. If any indicator does not meet the requirements of this standard, the indicator shall be measured with double the number. If both random tests do not meet the requirements of this standard, the manufacturer shall re-organize the type inspection after eliminating the unqualified factors. The factory inspection shall be tested according to the content specified in 7.3. If all indicators meet the requirements of this standard, it shall be judged as qualified. If any indicator does not meet the requirements of this standard, it shall be judged as unqualified. 8 Marking and packaging
8.1 Marking
The content of each set of product marking is as follows:
a) Manufacturer name;
b) Product name or code;
c) Air respirator type mark;
d) Air respirator model mark;
Manufacturing date or production number.
8.2 Packaging
8.2.1 Product packaging shall be boxed and have shockproof and pressure-proof functions. 8.2.2 Component packaging may be boxed.
8.2.3 The following documents shall be included in the packing box.
a) Product certificate;wwW.bzxz.Net
b) Product manual;
c) Packing list.
8.2.4 Product manual.
The product manual shall describe the following matters to the user: usage and safety precautions;
b) maintenance, disinfection, storage and inspection guidance; failure, cause and troubleshooting methods;
d) explanations deemed necessary by the manufacturer.
A1 Test equipment
At least 2 sets of test equipment.
A2 Test personnel
GB 16556--1996
Appendix A
(Appendix of the standard)
Air respirator suitability test
Select 4 test personnel who have certain experience in using air respirators, whose facial appearance is suitable for wearing masks, and who have passed routine tests such as electrocardiogram, heart rate, and blood pressure and are physically qualified.
Test conditions
The test is carried out under normal temperature, normal pressure, and set simulated environmental conditions.
After the test, the wearer's subjective feeling should be asked about the wearer's subjective feeling, which includes the following aspects: a)
Comfort of wearing;
Adjustability of wearing ring;
Visibility of pressure gauge;
Clearance of mask;
Air supply;
Sound transmission;
Alarm.
A5 Walking test
Two testers, wearing firefighting work clothes and air respirators, walked on flat ground at a speed of 6km/h for 30 minutes. After the test, the wearers were asked about their subjective feelings, and their electrocardiogram, heart rate and blood pressure were checked. A6 Adaptability test in simulated environment
Two testers, wearing firefighting work clothes and air respirators, were tested in the following order for 30 minutes. After the test, the wearers were asked about their subjective feelings, and their electrocardiogram, heart rate and blood pressure were checked. Carry a 13kg sandbag and walk 15m and place the sandbag on a 2m high board wall; a)
Climb over one board wall with a height of 0.4, 1, 1.2, and 2m and a distance of 7m: Climb the corner of the fire training building:
Climb up and down the 12m high fire ladder three times; d)
Climb up and down once on a ladder with a 460mm square hole, the ladder is 12m high; e)
Retract and release a fire hose;
Climb over one hole with a length of 3.7m and a diameter of 0.7m and one hole with a length of 3.7m, a width of 0.9m, and a height of 0.6m; Rest for 5min, check blood pressure, electrocardiogram, heart rate, and replace gas cylinders; i)
Run on flat ground at a speed of 6km/h until the end of the test. 2006m tunnel each; rest for 5 minutes, check blood pressure, electrocardiogram, heart rate, and replace gas cylinders; i)
Run on flat ground at a speed of 6km/h until the end of the test. 2006m tunnel each; rest for 5 minutes, check blood pressure, electrocardiogram, heart rate, and replace gas cylinders; i)
Run on flat ground at a speed of 6km/h until the end of the test. 200
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