GB/T 9149-1988 General technical requirements for magnetic powder clutches
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
General Specification for Magnetic Particle Clutch
General Specification for Magnetic Particle Clutch1 Subject Content and Scope of Application
GB 9149-88
This standard specifies the general technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules for the design and manufacture of magnetic particle clutches. This standard applies to dry magnetic particle clutches. The meanings of the terms involved in this standard shall be as specified in Appendix A (reference) of this standard. In this standard, magnetic particle clutch is referred to as clutch. 2 Reference standards
GB998 Basic test methods for low-voltage electrical appliances
GB 2423.1 Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test A: Low temperature test method Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test B: High temperature test method GB 2423. 2
GB 2423. 3
Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test Ca: Steady-state damp heat test method
GB 2423. 5
Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test Fa: Impact test method
Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) test method GB2423.10
GB2423.15
Basic environmental test methods for electric and electronic products Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products GB 2423. 16
GB 2423.17
GB 2423. 21
Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test Ga: Constant speed test method
Test 1. Mildew test method
Test ka: Salt spray test method
Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test M: Low pressure test method Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test N Temperature change test method GB2423.22
Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test Z/AM: Low temperature/low pressure comprehensive test method GB2423.25
Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test Z/BM: High temperature/low pressure comprehensive test method GB 2423. 26
GB 2423.27
3 Technical requirements
3.1 General requirements
Basic environmental test procedures for electrical and electronic products Test Z/AMD: Low temperature/low pressure/humid heat continuous comprehensive test method
3.1.1 The linear expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, specific heat, strength, hardness, density and magnetic permeability of the selected materials shall all comply with the technical requirements of the drawings.
3.1.2 The magnetic powder used in the clutch shall comply with the special technical conditions for magnetic powder. Unless otherwise specified in the special technical conditions, magnetic powder or magnetic powder filler with stable performance after process treatment is allowed to be used. 3.1.3 The materials and components used in the clutch shall comply with the standards and be inspected and accepted at the factory. 3.1.4 When designing the clutch, direct contact between dissimilar metals should be avoided to prevent the dissimilar metals in direct contact from accelerating electrolytic corrosion when damp. If dissimilar metals must be in direct contact, such metals must be properly protected or insulated. 3.1.5 The maximum permissible mass of the clutch shall comply with the provisions of the product-specific technical conditions. National Standard Approved on May 6, 1988
Implementation on February 1, 1989
GB914988
3.1.6 The appearance, connection method and installation dimensions of the clutch shall comply with the provisions of the product-specific technical conditions. 3.2 Structural requirements
3.2.1 Structural integrity and simplicity
The clutch structure shall be complete and simple. The rotary coil clutch shall have a contact feeder. The clutch shall be easy to load and unload and compatible with the matching equipment.
3.2.2 Feeder
The contact of the contact point and slip ring feeder of the rotary wire clutch must be reliable. The contact resistance of the contact pressure is specified in the product-specific technical conditions.
3.2.3 Impact on the surrounding environment
When the clutch is working normally, it shall not interfere with the normal operation of other system components and equipment, and shall not cause the combustion of flammable gases in its vicinity. Any parts, components or magnetic powder, magnetic powder filler of the clutch shall not release any harmful gas that affects the performance of the clutch and surrounding components during the operation of the clutch.
3.3 Electrical requirements
3.3.1 Excitation power supply of the clutch
The clutch adopts DC regulated power supply (preferably ideal current source) for excitation, and its output voltage accuracy shall comply with the provisions of special technical conditions. 3.3.2 Coil resistance
The DC resistance of the coil at 75℃ is the nominal value. The allowable deviation of the resistance value of the coil diagram is ±5% of the nominal value. 3.3.3 Insulation resistance
The insulation resistance between any lead-out terminal of the clutch excitation coil and the housing, when the clutch is in a non-operating state, is measured with a megohmmeter with an output voltage of 250V. Under normal test climate conditions, the insulation resistance is not less than 20MQ. Under constant damp heat test conditions, the clutch is taken out of the test box and its insulation resistance is checked within 3 minutes. It should not be less than 1MQ. 3.3.4 Dielectric strength
When the dielectric strength test is carried out between any lead-out terminal of the clutch excitation coil and the housing with a 500V test repulsion, there should be no breakdown, spark or corona phenomenon.
3.4 Mechanical vibration requirements
3.4.1 Speed
The rated maximum and minimum speed of the clutch active end shall be specified by the product-specific technical conditions. 3.4.2 Moment of inertia of the driven end
Specified by the product-specific technical conditions.
3.5 Manufacturing requirements
The manufacturing of various clutch parts, assembly of components, welding of clutch excitation coil, electrical installation and surface coating of clutch metal parts shall comply with relevant standards or relevant regulations. 3.6 Installation requirements
When installing the clutch, its output axis should avoid being perpendicular to the ground and parallel to the direction of carrier movement. 3.6.1 Detailed drawing of installation surface
The clutch manufacturer shall provide detailed clutch installation matching dimension drawing. 3.6.2 Installation rigidity
The clutch shall have sufficient installation rigidity to ensure normal operation under various use conditions. 3.7 General functional characteristics
3.7.1 Working life
It shall be specified by the special technical conditions of the product.
3. 7.2 Maintainability
The clutch design shall be convenient for replacing magnetic powder or magnetic powder filler and parts. 3.8 Static characteristics
3.8.1 Maximum excitation current, A
Specified by the special technical conditions of the product.
3.8.2 Rated current, A
Specified by the special technical conditions of the product.
3.8.3 Non-sensitive area, A
Specified by the special technical conditions of the product.
3.8.4 Maximum torque, Nm
GB 9149-88
Specified by the special technical conditions of the product, with a deviation of ±10%. 3.8.5 Rated torque, N·m
Specified by the special technical conditions of the product, with a deviation of ±10%. 3.8.6 Idle torque, Nm
Specified by the special technical conditions of the product. -Generally 1% to 5% of the rated torque. 3.8.7 Loop width
The loop width should not be greater than 10% of the rated current. 3.8.8 Static characteristic linear section
is specified by the special technical conditions of the product.
3.8.9 Static characteristic linear section slope, Nm/A
is specified by the special technical conditions of the product.
3.9 Mechanical characteristics
is specified by the special technical conditions of the product.
3.10 Adjustment characteristics
is specified by the special technical conditions of the product.
3.11 Dynamic characteristics
Torque rise and fall time constant (ms), is specified by the special technical conditions of the product. 3. 12 Working temperature
3.12.1 Allowable coil temperature rise and allowable shell temperature rise The allowable coil temperature rise is determined by the insulation grade of the coil wire. The allowable shell temperature rise is specified by the special technical conditions. 3.12-2 Allowable slip power, W
is specified by the special technical conditions of the product.
3-12.3 Allowable connection power
When the connection frequency is less than 50h-, the allowable connection power can be used, which is specified by the product-specific technical conditions. 3.13 Environmental requirements
Unless otherwise specified in the special technical conditions, the clutch should be able to operate normally under the following conditions. 3.13.1 Altitude
The altitude shall not exceed 2 500m.
3.13.2 Ambient air temperature
3.13.2.1 The highest air humidities at different altitudes are shown in Table 1. Table 1
Altitude, m
Maximum air temperature,
3.13.2.2 Minimum air temperature requirements are: 1 00041 500
1 500≤2 000
2 000≤2 500
+5℃ (applicable to water cooling);
b.—10℃,
c. —25℃
一40℃ (specify when ordering).
3.13.3 Relative humidity of air
GB 914988
The monthly average maximum relative humidity of the wettest month is 90%, and the monthly average minimum temperature of the month is 25℃, and the condensation on the product surface due to temperature changes is taken into account.
3.13.4 Surrounding medium
In a non-explosive medium, and there is no gas or dust (including conductive dust) in the medium that is sufficient to corrode metal and damage insulation. 3.13.5 Low temperature
After the clutch is tested at low temperature according to the requirements of the special technical conditions and the method specified in Article 4.13, its specified static characteristics should not be reduced.
3.13.6 High temperature
After the clutch is tested at high temperature according to the requirements of the special technical conditions and the method specified in Article 4.14, its output torque should not be lower than the rated torque.
3.13.7 Temperature change
After the clutch is tested at temperature according to the requirements of the special technical conditions and the method specified in Article 4.15, its output torque should not be lower than the rated torque.
3.13.8 Temperature-altitude (pressure) cycle clutches shall not be less than the rated torque after the temperature-altitude (pressure) cycle test is carried out according to the requirements of the special technical conditions of the product and the method specified in Article 4.16. 3.13.9 Low-pressure
clutches shall not be less than ten rated torque after the low-pressure test is carried out according to the requirements of the special technical conditions and the method specified in Article 4.17.
3.13.10 Impact
clutches shall not be less than the rated torque after the impact test is carried out according to the requirements of the special technical conditions and the method specified in Article 4.18.
3.13.11 Speed
clutches shall not be less than the rated torque after the acceleration test is carried out according to the requirements of the special technical conditions and the method specified in Article 4.19. In the future, the rocket test method should be used as much as possible to replace the centrifuge test method. 3.13.12 Vibration
After the clutch is subjected to vibration test according to the requirements of the product-specific technical conditions and the method specified in Article 4.20, its output torque shall not be lower than the rated torque.
3.13.13 Transportation
After the clutch is subjected to transportation test according to the requirements of the product-specific technical conditions and the method specified in Article 4.21, its output torque shall not be lower than the rated torque.
3.13.14 Wet and hot
After the clutch is subjected to constant wet and hot conditions (the test time is specified in the product-specific technical conditions), the insulation resistance shall meet the requirements of Article 3.3.3, and the plating layer and main metal of the electroplated parts shall not have obvious corrosion; the paint film shall not fall off and the appearance shall not have obvious changes and defects; non-metallic materials shall not have obvious white powdery precipitates, expansion, blistering, wrinkles, cracks and deformation. The wet and hot test method shall be carried out according to the method specified in Article 4.22. After the test, its output torque shall not be lower than the rated torque. 3.13.15 Salt spray
CB914988
The clutch salt spray test method shall be carried out in accordance with the method specified in Article 4.23. After the clutch has been subjected to the salt spray test, it shall meet the following requirements: The surface of the metal parts and components shall not be obviously darkened, and there shall be no serious corrosion at the joints. a. The corroded area of the metal protective layer shall be less than 30% of the convex metal protective area; b.
c. The paint layer shall not have bubbles, wrinkles, cracks or shedding except for the local edges, and the main metal shall not have tumor corrosion; d. Non-Golden Eagle materials shall be particularly obvious in whitening, expansion, blistering, cracks and pits. After the test, its output torque shall not be lower than the rated torque. 3.13.16 Mildew
The clutch long-term test method shall be carried out in accordance with the method specified in Article 4.24. After the clutch has been subjected to the mildew test for 28 hours, its mildew degree is: mildew grows on the surface, but the coverage area on the surface is not more than 25%.
After the test, the output torque should not be lower than the rated torque. 4 Test method
Unless otherwise specified in the product-specific technical conditions, the clutch should be tested according to the test method specified in this standard. 4.1 Matching integrity inspection
Inspect by visual method according to the design documents and process documents. 4.2 Appearance inspection
Inspect the requirements of Article 3.5 by visual method.
4.3 Clutch line resistance inspection
The clutch is in a non-working state. When the coil reaches the same temperature as the room temperature, use an instrument with an accuracy of 0.5 level to measure the DC resistance of the clutch coil at room temperature. Then convert it into the resistance value at 75° according to the following formula. 309
Rt= 234+/R
Where: R, s—the coil resistance value at 75C, a, t the ambient temperature during measurement, C
R. The resistance value at temperature t, n.
4.4 Insulation resistance inspection
The clutch is in a non-operating state, and the insulation resistance between the clutch coil terminal and the housing is measured with the megohmmeter specified in Article 3.3.3. Its value should meet the requirements of Article 3.3.3.
4.5 Dielectric strength test
4.5.1 The clutch is in a non-operating state, and under normal test climatic conditions, the dielectric strength is checked with a test voltage of 500V, a frequency of 50Hz, and a power of not less than 0.5kVA. 4.5.2 The voltage of the dielectric tester is evenly increased to the test voltage value, and itrin is maintained to check whether the clutch has breakdown, sparking or corona, and then the test voltage is reduced to the minimum, and the circuit is disconnected. The dielectric strength test should not be repeated in general. If it must be repeated, the latter test voltage should be 80% of the previous test voltage value. 4.6 Static characteristic test
The reference device for static characteristic test is shown in Figure 1.
Adjust the clutch test bench to the required speed. The output end of the test bench is connected to the active end of the clutch, so that its speed is n2=0 and the driven end is braked, that is, n2=0. Give the clutch a triangular wave or sine wave (half wave) with a frequency of not more than 0.04Hz, preferably a constant current source DC excitation current, use a sensor to measure the pressure of the lever action point (arm L) of the driven shaft, adjust the excitation current to the maximum, connect the X-Y recorder, and adjust them respectively. Start the test bench, the clutch idles for not less than 3 minutes, then connect the excitation circuit, and obtain the static characteristic curve, and repeat twice. The static characteristic curve of the clutch is shown in Figure 2. From the static characteristic curve, the insensitive area of the clutch, the torque corresponding to the rated current and the maximum exciting current, the no-load torque, the loop width, the linear segment of the static characteristic, the slope of the linear segment of the static characteristic, etc. are calculated respectively. The sensing end
Tested clutch
+actuator
Angular wave DC signal generator
Moving end
Ya recorder
Magnetic powder clutch static characteristic test reference device Tm*?
4.7 Mechanical characteristic test
Non-linear non-segment
Test reference device is shown in Figure 3.
Lower endpoint
Line segment
Ground and segment
Figure 2 Static characteristic curve of magnetic powder clutch
Adjust the clutch test bench to the required speed, connect the output end of the test bench to the active end of the clutch, and make its speed n1. Start the test bench and adjust the X-Y recorder respectively. Adjust the clutch DC excitation current to a certain given value. By adjusting the excitation current of the magnetic powder brake, load the clutch with a triangular wave or sine wave (half wave) with a frequency not greater than 0.04Hz, from small to large until the driven shaft of the tested clutch is braked by GB 9149-88
, and then retreat to the minimum, and the mechanical characteristic curve is obtained. Then adjust the clutch excitation current to a certain given value, repeat the above steps, and you can draw a cluster of mechanical characteristic curves under different excitation currents, as shown in Figure 4. Tiger coupling
Active end
4.8 Adjustment characteristic test
Tested clutch
Regulated power supply
Torque sensor
Torque transfer instrument
- Recording right
Turbulent coupling
Magnetic powder clutch mechanical characteristic test device
Figure 1 Magnetic powder clutch mechanical characteristic curve cluster
Grinding powder brake
Regulated power supply
Measurement reference device As shown in Figure 5, adjust the X-Y recorder, load the tested clutch through the magnetic powder brake, and fix the load T at a certain value. With a frequency not greater than 0.04Hz triangle wave or sine wave is used to excite the clutch under test, from small to large until the driven shaft of the clutch under test is braked, and then from large to small, so as to obtain the adjustment characteristic curve. Then adjust the excitation current of the magnetic powder brake to a certain fixed value in turn. Repeat the above steps to draw the adjustment characteristic curve cluster of the clutch under different load torques, as shown in Figure 6. Active end
Test clutch
Flexible coupling
GB 9149--88
Excitation current
Figure? Magnetic powder clutch voltage, excitation current, output torque dynamic characteristics a, t-torque rise, disappearance delay time: t, torque rise, disappearance time constant
4.10 Allowable coil temperature rise and clutch housing allowable rise measurement Under the condition of allowable slip power, measure the excitation coil temperature rise. The coil temperature rise is measured in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB998. The measurement of the surrounding air temperature shall be in accordance with Article 5.1 of GB998, the heating stability shall be in accordance with Article 5.2.8 of GB998, the provisions for the connection conductor for the temperature rise test shall be in accordance with Article 5.2.9 of GB998, the temperature rise of the clutch for repeated short-term operation shall be in accordance with Article 5.2.10.2 of GB998, and the coil temperature rise test shall be carried out in accordance with Article 5.2.1 of GB998.
The surface temperature rise of the clutch housing shall be measured at the same time as the coil temperature rise near the magnetic powder cavity 4.11 Measurement of allowable slip power
According to Article 4.10, at different slip speeds and different slip torques, the line temperature rise of the clutch and the temperature rise of the housing shall meet the power required by Article 3.12.1, which is the allowable slip power of the clutch. 4.12 Measurement of permissible connection work
Mass of clutch
1.5 or less
10--40
40 or more
GB 9149-88
Time to reach temperature stability
Drying time
4.13.2 After the temperature stabilizes, the clutch is taken out from the low temperature box and within 30 minutes, the static characteristics test is completed according to Article 4.6. Its performance should meet the requirements of this standard and the special technical conditions of the product. 4.13.3 After the low temperature test, the clutch is placed in a high temperature box at 50±2℃ and dried according to the drying time specified in Table 2. 4.14 High temperature test
Perform according to the chapter "High temperature test method for temperature gradient of non-heat dissipation test samples" in GB2423.2, and at the same time, it should meet the following requirements.
4.14.1 The clutch is in a non-operating state and is placed in a high temperature box. At the high temperature required by Article 3.13.6, the clutch is allowed to reach a stable temperature according to the time specified in Article 4.13.1.
4. 14.2 After the temperature is stable, the clutch is taken out of the high temperature box and the static characteristic test is completed according to Article 4.6 within 30 minutes. Its performance shall meet the requirements of this standard and the product-specific technical conditions. 4.15 Temperature change test
It shall be carried out in accordance with GB 2423.22. The requirements in the relevant chapters of GB 2423.22 shall be followed in the product-specific technical conditions, and specific provisions shall be made. After the test, the test sample shall be inspected for appearance according to the requirements of the product-specific technical conditions, and the static characteristic test shall be carried out according to Article 4.6. 4.16 Temperature-altitude (pressure) cycle test shall be carried out in accordance with GB2423.25, GB2423.26 and GB2423.27. In the product-specific technical conditions, specific provisions shall be made in accordance with the requirements of the chapter "Detailed rules to be given in this standard" in the above standards. After the test, static characteristics test shall be carried out in accordance with Articles 4 and 6. 4.17 Low pressure test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with GB2423.21. In the product-specific technical conditions, specific provisions shall be made in accordance with the requirements of the chapter "Detailed rules to be given in relevant standards" in the GH 2423.21 standard. After the test, static characteristics test shall be carried out in accordance with Article 4.6. 4.18 Impact test
The clutch shall be tested according to GB2423.5. In the product-specific technical conditions, specific provisions shall be made according to the requirements of GB2423.5\Contents of relevant standards\. After the test, static characteristics test shall be carried out according to Article 4.6. 4.19 Acceleration test
The clutch shall be tested according to GB2423.15. In the product-specific technical conditions, specific provisions shall be made according to the requirements of GB2423.15\Contents of relevant standards\. After the test, test according to Article 4.6 Static characteristics. 4.20 Vibration test
The clutch shall be tested in accordance with GB2423.10. In the product-specific technical conditions, specific provisions shall be made in accordance with the requirements of the chapter "Contents that relevant standards should have" in GB2423.10. After the test, check the static characteristics in accordance with Article 4.6. 4.21 Transportation test
Put the clutch into the specified packaging box and firmly fix it on the transportation vehicle, and conduct the transportation test in accordance with the provisions of Article 3.13.13. After the test, check the static characteristics in accordance with Article 4.6.
To: Allowed to use Transport simulation test replaces road and rail transport test. 4.22 Wet heat test
The clutch is tested in accordance with GB2423.3. In the product-specific technical conditions, specific provisions shall be made in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 5 of GB2423.3 "Detailed Rules to be Given When This Standard is Referenced". After the test, check the static characteristics in accordance with Articles 4 and 6. CB9149-88
4.23 Salt spray test
The clutch is tested in accordance with GB2423.17. In the product-specific technical conditions, specific provisions shall be made in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 5 of GB2423.17. Specific provisions are required. After the test, the static characteristics are tested according to 4 and 6. 4.24 Long zero test
The clutch is tested according to GB2423.16. In the product-specific technical conditions, specific provisions should be made according to the requirements of the chapter "Details that should be listed in relevant standards" in GB2423.16. After the test, the static characteristics are tested according to 4.6. 4.25 Life test
The cumulative working time under the allowable slip power. The continuous working time of the clutch is not less than 8h. Its final output torque is the rated torque. 4. 26 Mass measurement
The requirements of 3.1.5 shall be verified by a weighing instrument with a graduation value not greater than 5g. 5 Inspection rules
5.1 Inspection responsibilities
The manufacturer has the responsibility to perform all inspection requirements of this standard. Table 3 specifies the test items applicable to various clutches. For clutches of different uses and different requirements, other items to be tested shall be specified in detail in the product-specific technical conditions. 5.2 Classification of inspections and tests
. Factory test;
b. Type test.
5-2.1 Factory test
Unless otherwise specified in the product-specific technical conditions, each clutch delivered according to the contract shall be inspected and tested according to the factory test items and sequence listed in Table 3. These tests shall be sufficient to determine whether the clutch meets the requirements of manufacturing quality, working performance and reliability.
Test items
Compactor integrity
Appearance inspection
Coil electric rent inspection
Insulation resistance
Electrical strength
Static characteristics
Mechanical characteristics
Regulation characteristicswww.bzxz.net
Dynamic characteristics
Temperature rise of coil and shell
Allowable slip power
Allowable connection power
Table 3 Factory and type test items
Technical requirements
Test methods
Test items
Temperature change
Temperature-altitude (pressure) cycle
Low pressure
Acceleration
CB 9149--88
Continued Table 3
Technical requirements
3. 13. 10
3. 13. 15
Note: ① In Table 3, the "△\" indicates that the items must be carried out. ② The period \\ indicates that it is determined according to the needs.
Type test
Type test should be carried out when any of the following conditions are met; Trial production and identification or finalization of new products:
Test method
After the suspension of production, the structure, materials, devices, and processes have changed significantly, which may affect the product performance; During normal production, after regular or fixed batches; After the product has been suspended for a long time, when resuming production or when the product is transferred to another factory During production: when there is a significant difference between the factory inspection results and the last type test results; when the national quality supervision agency requires type testing. Clutches should be randomly selected from the products that have successfully passed the factory test. The number of clutches shall be specified by the special technical conditions, but no less than 2 units shall be tested for type testing. Unless otherwise specified in the product special technical parts, the items specified in Table 3 shall be followed. Clutches submitted for type testing shall not be shipped as part of the product. 5.3 Troubleshooting
5.3.1 Handling of test faults
Products that fail the factory test are allowed to be repaired one by one until they are fully qualified. If they cannot be repaired, they should be scrapped or handled in accordance with the provisions of special technical conditions.
5.3.2 Handling of type test faults
In the type test, if one item fails in one unit, it is allowed to retest the item with the original sampling quantity. If all items are qualified in the retest, the type test can still be considered to have passed. If one item fails again, it will be considered to have failed the type test. 5.4 Test conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the following test conditions apply to all tests specified in this standard. 5.4.1 Normal test atmospheric conditions
Temperature, 15~35℃;
Relative humidity: 45%~75%;
Air pressure: 86~106kPa.
5.4.2 Standard atmospheric conditions for arbitration test
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