Some standard content:
GB/Z18333.1—2001
There is no guiding technical document for lithium-ion batteries for electric road vehicles in my country and internationally. Therefore, the formulation of this guiding technical document refers to the draft of IEC61960-2 (21A/244/CD) "Lithium-ion batteries and batteries for portable devices". Since it only involves low-power lithium-ion batteries and batteries, which are different from high-power batteries and batteries, appropriate additions and deletions have been made in this regard. When determining the content of this guiding technical document, on the one hand, it is based on the technical requirements of electric road vehicles, and on the other hand, it is necessary to take into account the current level of development of lithium-ion batteries in my country, which should not only meet current needs but also consider long-term development. Appendix A of this guiding technical document is a prompt appendix. This guiding technical document is proposed by the State Machinery Industry Bureau. This guiding technical document is under the jurisdiction of the National Automobile Standardization Technical Committee. The drafting unit of this guiding technical document: the 18th Institute of Electronics of the Ministry of Information Industry. The participating drafting units of this guiding technical document: Beijing General Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The main drafters of this guidance technical document are Feng Xikang, Wang Jiqiang, Wu Guoliang and Xue Rongjian. 1 Scope
National Standardization Guiding Technical Document of the People's Republic of China Lithium-ion Batteries for Electric Road Vehicles
Lithium-ion batteries for electric road vehiclesGB/Z18333.1—2001
This guidance technical document specifies the requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of lithium-ion batteries (hereinafter referred to as batteries) for electric road vehicles (including electric vehicles, electric motorcycles, etc.). This guidance technical document is applicable to lithium-ion batteries with rated voltages of 21.6V and 14.4V for electric road vehicles. 2 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this guidance technical document by being referenced in this guidance technical document. The versions shown are valid when this guidance technical document is published. All standards will be revised, and parties using this guidance technical document should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/T2900.11—1988 Terminology of batteries (equiv. IEC486:1986) 3 Definitions and symbols
In addition to the definitions in GB/T2900.11, this guiding technical document also adds the following definitions. 3.1 Capacity recovery charge recovery The ratio of the discharge capacity to the rated capacity after the battery is charged after being stored for a certain period of time at a certain temperature. 3.2 End current at charge The current at which the battery terminates charging at a specified constant voltage. 3.3 Specific characteristics The ratio of the battery's electrical properties to the battery's unit mass, unit surface area or unit volume. 3.4 Explosion explosion
The battery shell ruptures, the internal material rushes out of the battery, and an explosion sound is emitted. 3.5 Fire fire
Fire comes out of the battery shell.
3.6 Leakage
The original weight loss caused by the loss of liquid electrolyte in the battery exceeds 0.1%. 3.7 Venting
The excessive internal pressure is released from the battery to prevent explosion. 3.8 Rated energy nominalenergy
The energy (Wh) released when the battery is discharged at a current of 1Is (A) at a temperature of 20℃±5℃ and reaches the termination voltage. This value can be obtained by integrating the coverage area of the voltage-capacity curve, requiring at least 50 equal time interval points, or directly obtained by an integrator. 3.9 Symbol
C3 hour rate rated capacity.
Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on March 7, 2001 and implemented on September 1, 2001
GB/Z18333.1—2001
1s——3 hour rate discharge current, the value is equal to 1/3Cs (A). 4 Classification and model
4.1 Classification
Batteries for electric road vehicles are divided into prismatic batteries and cylindrical batteries. 4.2 Model
I represents lithium-ion batteries, C represents lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode, N represents lithium nickel oxide positive electrode, M represents lithium manganese oxide positive electrode, P represents prismatic single cell, and R represents cylindrical single cell. The meaning of the battery model is as follows: anana
ama aa
5 Requirements
5.1 Appearance
50/3800
Single battery height, 380mm
Separation number
Single battery diameter, 50mm
Battery shape, cylindrical
Battery positive electrode material, lithium cobalt oxide
Battery type, lithium ion
Number of single batteries in series, 6
160/40/170|| tt||Single battery height, 170mm
Single battery thickness, 40mm
Single battery width, 160mm
Battery shape, square
Battery positive electrode material, lithium cobalt oxide
Battery type, lithium ion
Number of single batteries in series, 4
When the battery is inspected according to 6.2, the appearance shall not have deformation and cracks, the surface shall be flat, dry, without alkali marks, and the markings shall be clear. 5.2 Polarity
When inspected according to 6.3, the terminal polarity shall be correct. 2
5.3 Overall dimensions and weight
GB/Z18333.1—2001
For the overall dimensions and weight of batteries, please refer to Appendix A (suggestive appendix). 5.420℃ discharge capacity
When the battery is inspected according to 6.5, its capacity shall not be less than the rated value. 5.5-18℃ discharge capacity
When the battery is tested according to 6.6, its capacity should not be less than 70% of the rated value. 5.650℃ discharge capacity
When the battery is tested according to 6.7, its capacity should not be less than 95% of the rated value. 5.720℃ high rate discharge capacity
When the battery is tested according to 6.8, its capacity should not be less than 80% of the rated value. 5.8 Charge retention and recovery capacity
When the battery is tested according to 6.9, its charge retention rate should not be less than 80% of the rated value, and its capacity recovery capacity should not be less than 90% of the rated value.
5.9 Purchase and storage
When the battery is tested according to 6.10, its capacity should not be less than 80% of the rated value. 5.10 Cycle life
When the battery is tested according to 6.11, its cycle life should not be less than 300 times. 5.11 Vibration resistance
When the battery is tested according to 6.13, the battery should reach 95% of the rated capacity C:, and there should be no mechanical damage and no electrolyte leakage. 5.12 Safety
5.12.1 When the battery is tested according to 6.14, it should not leak, release gas, explode, catch fire or produce obvious deformation. 5.12.2 When the battery is tested according to 6.15, it should not leak or catch fire. 6 Test method
6.1 Test conditions
6.1.1 Environmental conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the temperature is 15~35℃, the relative humidity is 25%~85%, and the atmospheric pressure is 86~106kPa. 6.1.2 Measuring instruments and meters
6.1.2.1 Range
The range of all instruments should change with the voltage or current being measured, and the pointer or meter reading should be within the last third of the range. 6.1.2.2 Accuracy
a) Voltmeter: accuracy not less than 0.5 level, its internal resistance is at least 1k2/V; b) Ammeter: accuracy not less than 0.5 level; c) Thermometer: with appropriate range, its division value not greater than 1℃, and calibration accuracy not less than 0.5℃; d) Timer: divided by hours, minutes and seconds, with an accuracy of ±1%; e) Measuring tools for measuring dimensions: division value not greater than 1mm; f) Scales for weighing weight: accuracy of ±0.05% or more. 6.2 Appearance
Inspect the appearance of the battery by visual inspection.
6.3 Polarity
Use a voltmeter or reverse polarity meter to detect the polarity of the battery. 6.4 Dimensions and weight
Use measuring tools and scales to measure the dimensions and weight of the battery. 3
6.5 Battery charging and discharging
6.5.1 Charging
GB/Z18333.1—2001
In order to prevent a battery from being overcharged, the series battery pack adopts the constant current and constant voltage charging method, and controls the starting current to be less than or equal to 11 (A). When a battery reaches the final charging voltage (maximum 4.20V) first, the battery pack automatically stops charging. 6.5.2 Discharge
In order to prevent a battery from over-discharging, the series battery pack adopts a discharge electronic protection circuit. When a battery reaches the set discharge end voltage (minimum 2.25V) first, the battery pack stops discharging. 6.620℃ discharge capacity
6.6.1 At 20℃±5℃, the battery is first discharged with a current of 1I (A) to reach the discharge end voltage (6.5.2), and then charged to the charge end voltage (6.5.1) at 20℃±5℃ using a special charger provided or recommended by the manufacturer. 6.6.2 The battery is stored at 20℃±5℃ for 1 to 5h. 6.6.3 The battery is discharged at 20℃±5℃ with a current of 11: (A) until the discharge ends. 6.6.4 Calculate the capacity (in Ah) using the current value and discharge time data in 6.6.3. 6.6.5 If the calculated value is lower than the specified value, repeat steps 6.6.1 to 6.6.4 until it is greater than or equal to the specified value. Five times are allowed. 6.7—18℃ discharge capacity
6.7.1 Test according to the method in 6.6.1.
6.7.2 Store the battery at -18℃±2℃ for 20h. 6.7.3 Discharge the battery at -18℃±2℃ with a current of 1I (A) until the discharge is terminated. 6.7.4 Calculate the capacity (in Ah) using the current value and discharge time data in 6.7.3 and express it as a percentage of the rated capacity. 6.850℃ discharge capacity
6.8.1 Test according to the method in 6.6.1.
6.8.2 The battery is stored at 50℃±2℃ for 1~5h. 6.8.3 The battery is discharged at 11:(A) at 50℃±2℃ until the discharge is terminated. 6.8.4 The capacity (in Ah) is calculated using the current value and discharge time data in 6.8.3 and expressed as a percentage of the rated capacity. 6.920℃ high-rate discharge capacity
6.9.1 Test according to the method in 6.6.1.
6.9.2 The battery is stored at 20℃±5℃ for 1~5h. 6.9.3 The battery is discharged at 4.51:(A) at 20℃±5℃ until the discharge is terminated. 6.9.4 The capacity (in Ah) is calculated using the current value and discharge time data in 6.9.3 and expressed as a percentage of the rated capacity. 6.10 Charge retention and recovery capability
6.10.1 Carry out the test according to the method in 6.6.1.
Store the battery at 20℃±5℃ for 28 days. Discharge the battery at 20℃±5℃ with a current of 1I:(A) until the discharge is terminated. 6.10.3
6.10.4 Calculate the capacity (in Ah) using the current value and discharge time data in 6.10.3. The capacity retention capability can be expressed as a percentage of the rated capacity.
6.10.5 Charge the stored battery (6.10.2) within 24 hours at 20℃±5℃ using the charger provided or recommended by the manufacturer until the discharge is terminated.
6.10.6 Discharge the battery at 20℃±5℃ with a current of 1I:(A) until the discharge is terminated. 6.10.7 Calculate the capacity (in Ah) using the current value and discharge time data in 6.10.6. The capacity retention capacity can be expressed as a percentage of the rated capacity.
6.11 Storage
6.11.1 Carry out the test according to the method in 6.6.1.
6.11.2 The battery is discharged at 1Is (A) for 2.5h at 20℃±2℃. 4
GB/Z18333.1—2001
6.11.3 The battery is stored at 40℃±5℃ for 90d. 6.11.4 The battery is charged at 20℃±5℃ using the charger provided or recommended by the manufacturer until the discharge is terminated. 5 The battery is discharged at 1I (A) at 20℃±5℃ until the discharge is terminated. 6.11.5
6.11.6 Calculate the capacity (in Ah) using the current value and discharge time data in 6.11.5. The capacity recovery capability can be expressed as a percentage of the rated capacity. If the capacity is lower than the value specified in 5.9, repeat steps 6.11.4 and 6.11.5 until it meets the requirements. 6.12 Cycle life
6.12.1 Test according to the method in 6.6.1.
6.12.2 The battery is discharged at 20℃±5℃ with a current of 1Is (A) until the discharge capacity reaches 80% of the rated capacity. 6.12.3 The battery is charged according to the method in 6.5.1 until it is terminated. When switching between charge and discharge, it can be left alone for 1 hour. 6.12.4 The battery is continuously repeated according to steps 6.12.2 and 6.12.3 until the battery capacity is less than 80% of the rated capacity. When switching between charge and discharge, it can be left alone for 1 hour.
6.12.5 The number of times steps 6.12.2 and 6.12.3 are repeated under the specified conditions is the cycle life. 6.13 Vibration resistance
After the battery is tested according to the method in 6.6.1, it is fastened to the vibration test bench and tested according to the following conditions: a) Discharge current: lI: (A);
b) Vibration direction: single vibration up and down;
c) Vibration frequency, 30~35Hz;
d) Maximum acceleration: 30m/s;
e) Vibration time: 2h.
6.14 Safety
6.14.1 Continuous charging test
At 20℃±5℃, charge according to the method in 6.5.1 until the charging protection device is activated. Repeat 5 times. 6.14.2 Overdischarge and overcharge
6.14.2.1 Test according to the method in 6.6.1. 6.14.2.2 The battery is discharged at 20℃±5℃ with a current of 1Is (A) (the discharge electronic protection circuit should be temporarily removed) until a certain battery voltage reaches 0V, which should comply with the provisions of 5.13.1. 6.14.2.3 The battery is charged at 20℃±5℃ with a current of 11: (A) until a certain battery voltage reaches 5.0V. 6.15 Abuse test
6.15.1 Drop test
The battery is dropped from a height of 1.0m onto a hardwood floor at 20℃±5℃, twice in one direction. 6.15.2 Heating test
Place the battery in a constant temperature box at 70℃±2℃ and keep it warm for 20min. 6.16 Test procedure
6.16.1 The test according to this procedure shall be carried out continuously. 6.16.2
The test procedure for storage batteries is shown in Table 1.
Test items
20℃ discharge capacity
20℃ high rate discharge capacity
-18℃ discharge capacity
Test items
50℃ discharge capacity
Charge retention and recovery capability
Storage performance
Cycle life
Vibration resistance
Safety
Inspection rules
GB/Z18333.1—2001
Table 1 (end)
Inspection classification, inspection items, requirement chapter number, test method chapter number, sample quantity and test cycle are shown in Table 2. Table 2
Inspection classification
Factory inspection
Type inspection
7.2 Sampling rules
Inspection itemsbzxZ.net
Appearance and polarity inspection
Dimension and weight inspection
20℃ discharge capacity
-18℃ discharge capacity
50℃ discharge capacity
20℃ high-rate discharge capacity
Charge retention and recovery ability
Safety
Cycle life
Vibration resistance
Storage performance
Requirements Chapter
Type inspection can be carried out on a certain specification as a representative product. 7.3
Judgment rules
Test method
Chapter number
Number of samples
500 or less (including 500) 5 batteries
500 or more No. 10 batteries
2 batteries
Test cycle
Once every six months
In the type inspection, if there is
one item that fails, double sampling is allowed. If it still fails after re-inspection, it should be judged as unqualified. 8 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
8.1 Marking
8.1.1 The battery product should have the following markings: a) manufacturer name;
b) product model or specification;
c) manufacturing date;
d) trademark;
e) polarity symbol;
f) battery safety precautions and warnings. 8.1.2 The outer wall of the packaging box should have the following markings: GB/Z18333.1—2001
a) Product name, model specification, quantity, manufacturer name, address, zip code; b) Product standard number;
c) Net weight and gross weight of each box;
d) Markings such as moisture-proof, no inversion, and gentle handling. 8.2 Packaging
8.2.1 The packaging of batteries shall meet the requirements of moisture-proof and vibration-proof. 8.2.2 The packaging box shall contain the following documents provided with the product: a) Packing list (for multiple packages);
b) Product certificate;
c) Product instruction manual.
8.3 Transportation
8.3.1 During transportation, the product shall not be subjected to severe mechanical impact, exposure to sunlight, rain, or inversion. 8.3.2 During loading and unloading, the product shall be handled with care to prevent it from being dropped, rolled over, or pressed heavily. 8.4 Purchase and Storage
8.4.1 The product should be stored in a dry, clean and well-ventilated warehouse with a temperature of 5-40℃. 8.4.2 It should not be exposed to direct sunlight and should be at least 2m away from heat sources. It should not be inverted or placed horizontally, and should not be subjected to any mechanical impact or heavy pressure. 8.4.3
As shown in Table A1.
Battery model
6ICR50/3800
4ICP160/40/170
4ICP80/32/65
Nominal voltage
GB/Z18333.1—2001
Appendix A
(Suggestive appendix)
Battery dimensions and weight
Rated capacity
Dimensions/mm
Note: New specifications, models and standard dimensions may be added according to the needs of the development of electric road vehicles. High
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