GB/T 39223.3-2020.Ergonomic requirements for healthy home-Part 3:Office desks and chairs.
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 39223 specifies the ergonomic technical requirements and test methods for office desks and chairs.
GB/T 39223.3 is applicable to indoor office desks and chairs that meet the basic performance quality and safety and environmental protection requirements.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 3326 Main dimensions of furniture tables, chairs and stools
GB/T 10000 Dimensions of human body of Chinese adults
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3326 and the following apply to this document.
3.1
Ergonomics
Human factors ||tt
||A scientific discipline that studies the interaction between people and other elements in a system, and applies theories, principles, data and methods to design to optimize the quality of human life and the overall system performance.
Note: This definition is consistent with the definition given by the International Ergonomics Association.
[ISO 26800:2011, definition 2.2]
3.2
Reference plane for seat surface
When a load is applied to the seat surface, the horizontal plane where the lowest point of the load contact surface is located.
See Figure 1.
3.3
Seat depth
The distance from the center point of the front edge of the seat to the vertical plane where the lower contact point LCP is located.
See Figure 2.
3.4
?? Seat width
The horizontal distance between the left and
right edges of the seat surface through the seat rotation axis. Note: If the seat has no rotation axis, the seat width is the horizontal distance between the left and right edges of the seat surface through the point where the seat depth is half.
3.5
Seat height
The vertical distance from the seat surface reference plane to the ground.
3.6 ||tt
||Seat tile
The angle between the intersection of the vertical line through the lower contact point and the seat surface reference plane and the line connecting the highest point in the middle of the front edge of the seat and the horizontal plane when a load is applied to the seat surface.
See Figure 4.
Note: The angle is positive on the horizontal plane and negative below the horizontal plane.
This part specifies the ergonomic technical requirements and test methods for office desks and chairs. This part applies to indoor office desks and chairs that meet the basic performance quality and safety and environmental protection requirements.

ICS13.180
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T39223.3—2020
Ergonomic requirements for healthy home-Part 3:Office desks and chairs chairs2020-11-19 Issued
State Administration for Market Regulation
National Standardization Administration
Issued
2021-06-01 Implementation
GB/T39223.3—2020
Foreword
Introduction
Scope
Normative references
Terms and definitions
Technical requirements
Dimension requirements
Body pressure distribution requirements
Other ergonomic requirements
5 Test methods
Dimension measurement
Body pressure distribution Fabric measurement
Other ergonomic requirements testing
Appendix A (Normative Appendix)
Appendix B (Normative Appendix)
References
Principles and procedures for selection of experiencers
User experience table of office desks and chairs
Foreword
GB/T39223 "Ergonomic requirements for healthy homes" has published the following parts: Part 3: Office desks and chairs;
--Part 4: Children's tables and chairs;
--Part 5: Mattresses;
--Part 6: Sofas
This part is Part 3 of GB/T39223. This part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.12009. This part was proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Ergonomics Standardization (SAC/TC7). GB/T39223.3—2020
The drafting organizations of this part are: China National Institute of Standardization, Zhongbiao Hexin (Beijing) Certification Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Shengao Furniture Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beijing Century Jingtai Furniture Co., Ltd., Beijing Jinyu Tiantan Furniture Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou University, Foshan Shunde Chuanglian Technology and Standardization Service Center, Yiliya (Xiamen) Ecological Development Co., Ltd., Beijing Union University, Li Ning (China) Sporting Goods Co., Ltd., Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Xihao Furniture (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this part are: Hu Huimin, Zhao Chaoyi, Luo Ling, Ran Linghua, Zhang Xin, Wu Haimei, Wang Rui, Zhu Yu, Jiang Jie, Li Chen, Jin Chenyang, Sun Xiaofeng, Zhang Xujun, Du Xiubing, Zhou Baoguo, Li Baoxing, Lin Wei, Hong Pu, Li Yinxia, ??Cai Mengjing, Lv Wenji, Zhou Yun, Hong Jieyu, Yang Aiping, Yang Fan, Du Junmin, Luo Huiming.
GB/T39223.3—2020
Introduction
A healthy home is an overall home environment that meets the requirements of physical, psychological, and social health and comfort, including furniture, furniture and other household products, lighting environment, thermal environment, sound environment, odor environment and other related physical environment systems, as well as other related auxiliary support systems. A healthy home must not only meet the basic product performance quality and safety and environmental protection requirements, but also meet the ergonomic requirements of convenient operation, comfortable use and good experience. With the development of my country's economy and scientific and technological progress, in addition to the quality performance and safety and environmental protection of the product itself, people have put forward higher requirements for the humanization and user experience level of the product. Ergonomics aims to design and improve the product and environment system according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of people, achieve the best match between the human-product-environment system, and ultimately achieve the humanization of the product and environment system, creating safe, healthy, comfortable and efficient working and living conditions for people. Products that meet the requirements of ergonomics can effectively improve the comfort and use quality of the product and improve the user experience level. Therefore, in addition to meeting the basic performance quality and environmental safety standards of the product, the ergonomic requirements that reflect the humanized design and user experience of the product have also become a necessary indicator for judging healthy homes. The human spine is a very long structure composed of bones and cartilage discs, with joints, muscles and ligaments attached to the bones to form a whole. Common sitting postures are accompanied by back bending and shoulder sagging, which will bring uneven pressure to the spine. Over time, it will cause wear of the intervertebral discs, overuse of certain ligaments and joints, and muscle strain injuries (in order to adjust the position of the back bending). Poor sitting postures will also compress the chest cavity, making the lungs expand less space, resulting in limited oxygen penetration into the blood. Bones are surrounded by muscles, nerves, arteries and veins, which constitute the soft tissue layer of the body. Sitting postures with a high degree of compression cause damage to these fragile tissues. In the most severely squeezed areas, nerves, arteries and veins are blocked, nerve signal transmission is blocked, causing numbness, and reduced blood flow through the limbs causes swelling. It can be seen that a good sitting posture is of great significance in alleviating and improving the adverse effects of long-term sitting work on people. As one of the furniture that is most closely in contact with people during sitting work, office desks and chairs are closely related to people's physiological and psychological characteristics and behavioral habits, and directly affect people's sitting posture and health and comfort. Studies have found that the lumbar support of office chairs, the seat surface of office chairs, and the leg space of desks have become the number one killer affecting people's sitting health. Office desks and chairs that are not designed according to people's physiological and psychological characteristics and usage scenarios can easily cause limb numbness, back pain, periarthritis of the shoulder, dizziness, buttocks discomfort, etc., and even cause cumulative injuries to the cervical spine and lumbar spine, affecting health and work efficiency. Ergonomic methods are very effective in reducing bad sitting postures. Good ergonomic design of office desks and chairs is particularly important, especially functional structure and size and shape. Therefore, it is necessary to stipulate the humanized design requirements and evaluation methods of office desks and chairs that conform to the physiological and psychological characteristics of the human body according to the principles of human ergonomics, so as to meet the safety, health, comfort and efficiency needs of sitting workers. 1 Scope
Ergonomic requirements for healthy homes
Part 3: Office desks and chairs
This part of GB/T39223 specifies the ergonomic technical requirements and test methods for office desks and chairs. This part applies to office desks and chairs for indoor work that meet the basic performance, quality, safety and environmental protection requirements. Normative references
GB/T39223.3—2020
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, its latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document GB/T3326 Main dimensions of furniture tables, chairs and stools) Chinese adult human body dimensions
GB/T10000
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T3326 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1
Ergonomics
ergonomics
Human factors
The scientific discipline that studies the interaction between people and other elements in a system, and applies theories, principles, data and methods to design to optimize the quality of human life and the overall system performance. Note: This definition is consistent with the definition given by the International Ergonomics Association. [ISO26800:2011, definition 2.2]
reference plane for seat surface
When a load is applied to the seat surface, the horizontal plane where the lowest point of the load contact surface is located. See Figure 1.
GB/T39223.3—2020
Explanation:
Seat depth
Upper contact point:
Lower contact point;
Seat surface reference plane.
seatdepth
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of seat reference plane
The distance from the center point of the front edge of the seat to the vertical plane where the lower contact point LCP is located. See Figure 2.
Description:
LCP——Lower contact point;
—Seat depth.
Seat depth schematic diagram
Figure 2
Seat width
seatwidth
The horizontal distance between the left and right edges of the seat surface through the seat rotation axis. Note: If the seat has no rotation axis, the seat width is the horizontal distance between the left and right edges of the seat surface through half of the seat depth. 3.5
Seat height
seatheight
The vertical distance from the seat reference plane of the seat to the ground2
See Figure 3.
Description:
Seat reference plane;
SH—Seat height.
Seat surface inclination
seattile
Figure 3
Seat height diagram
GB/T39223.3—2020
When a load is applied to the seat surface, the angle between the intersection of the vertical line through the lower contact point and the seat surface reference plane and the line connecting the highest point in the middle of the front edge of the seat and the horizontal plane.
See Figure 4. wwW.bzxz.Net
Note: The angle is positive on the horizontal plane and negative below the horizontal plane. Explanation:
Seat surface inclination;
Seat surface backward inclination;
Seat front inclination.
4 Diagram of seat surface inclination
Figure 4
Waist support surface
Support area for pelvic and lumbarThe contact surface below the backrest used to support the waist. 3
GB/T39223.3—2020
Contact surface for dorsal kyphosis
Contact surface for the dorsal kyphosisThe contact surface above the backrest used to support the thoracic curve of the human spine. 3.9
Effective backrest width
effectivebackrestwidth
The horizontal width of the seat back through the raised point of the lumbar support surface WCP (see Figure 6). See Figure 5.
Explanation:
Effective seat back.
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of effective seat back width
3.10
Armrest height
armrestheight
The distance from the center point of the upper surface of the armrest to the seat reference plane at half the seat depth. 3.11
Body pressure distribution of seat surface
Body pressure distribution of seat surface The pressure distribution between the seat surface and the contact surface of the human body. 3.12
User experience
user experience
People's feelings and reactions to the products, systems or services they use or expect to use. Note 1: User experience includes all emotional reactions, trust reactions, preference reactions, sensory reactions, physiological and psychological reactions, as well as behaviors and performance of users before, during and after use. Note 2: User experience is the result of the combined effects of the brand image, appearance characteristics, functional characteristics, system performance, interactive behaviors and auxiliary functions of the interactive system, the internal psychological and physiological conditions formed by the user's previous experience, attitudes, skills and personality characteristics, and the usage scenario. Note 3: From the perspective of achieving personal goals of users, usability may include perceptual and emotional aspects that are very relevant to user experience. Usability standards can be used to evaluate all aspects of user experience. [ISO9241-210:2019, definition 3.15] 3.13
width of desktop
The effective length of the desktop in the left and right direction when sitting on the side of the person. 3.14
depth of desktop
Deepness of desktop
The effective length of the desktop in the front-to-back direction on the seated side. 4
3.15
clear height under the desk
clear height under the desk
effective height of the leg space between the bottom of the desk and the ground 4
Technical requirements
Dimension requirements
4.1.1
Office desk dimensions
4.1.1.1
Desktop width
The desktop width should meet the following ergonomic requirements: a)
4.1.1.2
The desktop width of a single-cabinet desk should be between 900mm and 1500mm; the desktop width of a double-cabinet desk should be between 1200mm and 2400mm; the desktop width of a rectangular table should not be less than 600mm;
The desktop width (or desktop diameter) of a square or round table should not be less than 600mm. Tabletop depth
The tabletop depth should meet the following ergonomic requirements: a)
4.1.1.3
The tabletop depth of a single cabinet table should be between 500mm and 750mm; the tabletop depth of a double cabinet table should be between 600mm and 1200mm; the tabletop depth of a rectangular table should not be less than 400mm.
Height of clearance under the middle of the table
The height of clearance under the middle of the table should not be less than 580mm. 4.1.2 Dimensions of office chairs
4.1.2.1
Seat
4.1.2.1.1
Lifting of the front edge of the seat
When the chair back is tilted backward to the maximum position, the front edge of the seat should not rise more than 20mm. 4.1.2.1.2
Seat surface inclination
When in the static position, the inclination angle α of the horizontal plane where the middle of the seat surface is located should be within -4°~5° (see Figure 4). GB/T39223.3—2020
When the seat surface is tilted backward, the seat surface inclination angle α (see Figure 4) should be at least 5°, and the total seat surface inclination angle (αG+α) is shown in Figure 4 and should not exceed 15°. When the seat surface is tilted forward, the seat surface inclination angle αv (see Figure 4) should not be less than -4°. 3 Seat depth
4.1.2.1.3
The seat depth should be between 400mm~540mm.
4.1.2.1.4
Seat width
The seat width should be greater than 430mm.2
The width of the tabletop of a single cabinet table should be between 900mm and 1500mm; the width of the tabletop of a double cabinet table should be between 1200mm and 2400mm; the width of the tabletop of a rectangular table should not be less than 600mm;
The width of the tabletop of a square or round table (or the diameter of the tabletop) should not be less than 600mm. Tabletop depth
The tabletop depth should meet the following ergonomic requirements: a)
4.1.1.3
The depth of the tabletop of a single cabinet table should be between 500mm and 750mm; the depth of the tabletop of a double cabinet table should be between 600mm and 1200mm; the depth of the tabletop of a rectangular table should not be less than 400mm.
Height of clearance under the middle of the table
The height of clearance under the middle of the table should not be less than 580mm. 4.1.2 Office Chair Dimensions
4.1.2.1
Seat
4.1.2.1.1
Lifting of the Front Edge of the Seat
When the backrest is tilted backward to the maximum position, the front edge of the seat should not rise more than 20mm. 4.1.2.1.2
Seat Inclination
In the static position, the inclination angle α of the horizontal plane where the middle of the seat is located should be within -4°~5° (see Figure 4). GB/T39223.3—2020
When the seat is tilted backward, the seat inclination angle α (see Figure 4) should be at least 5°, and the total seat inclination angle (αG+α) is shown in Figure 4 and should not exceed 15°. When the seat is tilted forward, the seat inclination angle αv (see Figure 4) should not be less than -4°. 3 Seat depth
4.1.2.1.3
The seat depth should be between 400mm and 540mm.
4.1.2.1.4
Seat width
The seat width should be greater than 430mm.2
The width of the tabletop of a single cabinet table should be between 900mm and 1500mm; the width of the tabletop of a double cabinet table should be between 1200mm and 2400mm; the width of the tabletop of a rectangular table should not be less than 600mm;
The width of the tabletop of a square or round table (or the diameter of the tabletop) should not be less than 600mm. Tabletop depth
The tabletop depth should meet the following ergonomic requirements: a)
4.1.1.3
The depth of the tabletop of a single cabinet table should be between 500mm and 750mm; the depth of the tabletop of a double cabinet table should be between 600mm and 1200mm; the depth of the tabletop of a rectangular table should not be less than 400mm.
Height of clearance under the middle of the table
The height of clearance under the middle of the table should not be less than 580mm. 4.1.2 Office Chair Dimensions
4.1.2.1
Seat
4.1.2.1.1
Lifting of the Front Edge of the Seat
When the backrest is tilted backward to the maximum position, the front edge of the seat should not rise more than 20mm. 4.1.2.1.2
Seat Inclination
In the static position, the inclination angle α of the horizontal plane where the middle of the seat is located should be within -4°~5° (see Figure 4). GB/T39223.3—2020
When the seat is tilted backward, the seat tilt angle α (see Figure 4) should be at least 5°, and the total seat tilt angle (αG+α) is shown in Figure 4 and should not exceed 15°. When the seat is tilted forward, the seat tilt angle αv (see Figure 4) should not be less than -4°. 3 Seat depth
4.1.2.1.3
The seat depth should be between 400mm and 540mm.
4.1.2.1.4
Seat width
The seat width should be greater than 430mm.
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