GBJ 148-1990 Specification for construction and acceptance of power transformers, oil-immersed reactors and mutual inductors for electrical installation projects
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Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Electrical Installation Engineering Power
Transformer, Oil-immersed Reactor, Transformer
Construction and Acceptance Specification
GBJ148—90
Beijing, 1990
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
W Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Electrical Installation Engineering Power
Transformer, Oil-immersed Reactor, Transformer
Construction and Acceptance Specification
GBJ148—90
Editor: Former Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power of the People's Republic of ChinaApproval Department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of ChinaEffective Date: October 1, 1991
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Notice on the Release of Three National Standards, including the "Construction and Acceptance Specifications for High Voltage Electrical Equipment in Electrical Installation Engineering"
Jianbiaozi No. 698
According to the requirements of the former State Planning Commission's Document No. [1986] 2630, the three standards, including the "Construction and Acceptance Specifications for High Voltage Electrical Equipment in Electrical Installation Engineering" organized and revised by the former Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, have been reviewed by relevant departments. The "Construction and Acceptance Specifications for High Voltage Electrical Equipment in Electrical Installation Engineering" GBJ147-90; "Construction and Acceptance Specifications for Power Transformers, Oil-immersed Reactors, and Transformers in Electrical Installation Engineering" GBJ148-90; "Construction and Acceptance Specifications for Busbar Installations in Electrical Installation Engineering" GBJ149-90 are now approved as national standards. They will be implemented on October 1, 1991.
The high-voltage electrical appliances, power transformers, mutual inductors, and busbar devices in the original national standard "Electrical Installation Engineering Construction and Acceptance Specifications" GBJ23-82 are abolished at the same time. The three specifications are managed by the Ministry of Energy, and the specific interpretation and other work are the responsibility of the Ministry of Energy's Electric Power Construction Research Institute. The publication and distribution is organized by the Ministry of Construction's Standards and Norms Research Institute.
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
December 30, 1990
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Revision Notes
This specification is based on the requirements of the former State Planning Commission's Document No. 2630 (1986), edited by the former Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, and specifically compiled by the Ministry of Energy's Electric Power Construction Research Institute in conjunction with relevant units.
During the revision process, the specification group conducted extensive investigations and studies, carefully summarized the experience since the implementation of the original specification, absorbed some scientific research results, and widely solicited opinions from relevant units across the country. Finally, our department reviewed and finalized the draft together with relevant departments. This specification is divided into three chapters and two appendices. The main contents of this revision are: 1. According to the development needs and actual conditions of my country's power industry, the relevant contents of the construction and acceptance of power transformers and transformers with a voltage level of 50kV are added, so that the scope of application of this specification is expanded from 330kV to 500kV and below. 2. Since oil-immersed reactors are widely used in 330kV and 500kV systems, the relevant contents of oil-immersed reactors are included in this specification. 3. The relevant requirements for high-voltage, large-capacity transformers and oil-immersed reactors are enriched, such as: installing impact recorders during transportation, gas replenishment and pressure monitoring of equipment for gas transportation during transportation and storage, nitrogen exhaust, static standing after oil filling, hot oil circulation, etc.
4. According to the feedback from various places and many years of practical experience, and with reference to the relevant standards of the Soviet Union, the allowable exposure time for the body inspection has been appropriately modified, which is slightly more flexible than the previous regulations.
5. Based on the installation experience of imported equipment from abroad and with reference to the relevant standards of foreign countries, a new detection method for whether the insulation of transformers and reactors is damp has been added. 6. Partial modification and supplement of other relevant provisions. In the process of implementing this specification, if you find any imperfections, please send your opinions and relevant information to the Electric Power Construction Research Institute of the Ministry of Energy (Beijing Liangxiang, Postal Code: 102401) for reference in future revisions.
Ministry of Energy
December 1989
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Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Power Transformer, Oil-immersed Reactor
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Section 8
Section 9
Section 10
Chapter 3
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Appendix 2
Loading and Unloading and Transportation
Inspection and Storage before Installation
Device Body Inspection·| |tt||Installation of main body and accessories
Hot oil circulation, oil replenishment and standing
Overall sealing inspection·
Project handover and acceptance·
General provisions
Body inspection
Project handover and acceptance:
Conditions under which new power transformers and oil-immersed reactors do not require dryingExplanation of terms used in this specification
Additional instructions
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Chapter 1 General Provisions
Article 1.0.1 This specification is formulated to ensure the construction and installation quality of power transformers, oil-immersed reactors (hereinafter referred to as reactors), voltage transformers and current transformers (hereinafter referred to as transformers), promote the advancement of installation technology, and ensure the safe operation of equipment.
Article 1.0.2 This specification applies to the construction and acceptance of the installation of power transformers, reactors, and transformers with a voltage of 500kV and below and a frequency of 50Hz.
The installation of arc suppression coils can be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter 2 of this specification: The installation of transformers, reactors, and transformers for special purposes shall comply with the relevant regulations of the manufacturer and professional departments.
Article 1.0.3 The installation of power transformers, reactors, and transformers shall be carried out in accordance with the approved design.
Article 1.0.4 The transportation and storage of equipment and materials shall comply with the requirements of this specification. When there are special requirements for the product, they shall also comply with the requirements of the product. During the transportation of transformers and reactors, when the mode of transportation is changed, the impact of the equipment shall be checked in time and records shall be kept. Article 1.0.5 The storage period of equipment and materials before installation shall be one year or less. When long-term storage is required, it shall comply with the special regulations for the storage of equipment and materials.
Article 1.0.6 The equipment and instruments used shall comply with the provisions of the current national technical standards. And there shall be a certificate of conformity. The equipment shall have a nameplate. Article 1.0.7 After the equipment and instruments arrive at the site, the following acceptance inspections shall be carried out in a timely manner:
, the packaging and sealing shall be in good condition.
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2. Unpacking inspection and inventory, the specifications shall comply with the design requirements, and the accessories and spare parts shall be complete.
3. The technical documents of the product shall be complete.
4. Make an appearance inspection in accordance with the requirements of this specification. Article 1.0.8 The safety and technical measures during construction shall comply with the provisions of this specification and the current relevant safety and technical standards and the technical documents of the product. For important processes, safety and technical measures shall be formulated in advance.
Article 1.0.9 The construction of buildings and structures related to the installation of transformers, reactors, and mutual inductors shall meet the following requirements:
, The quality of the construction of buildings and structures related to the installation of power transformers, reactors, and mutual inductors shall meet the relevant provisions of the current national construction and acceptance specifications. When there are special requirements for equipment and design, they shall also meet their requirements. 2. Before the installation of equipment, the construction project shall meet the following conditions: 1. The roof and floor slabs are completed and shall not leak; 2. The base of the indoor floor is completed and the ground elevation is marked on the wall; 3. The concrete foundation and frame reach the strength allowed for installation, and the quality of the welded components meets the requirements;
4. The embedded parts and reserved holes meet the design, and the embedded parts are firm; 5. The templates and construction facilities are removed, and the site is clean; 6. There is enough construction space and the road is unobstructed. 3. After the equipment is installed and put into operation, the construction project should meet the following requirements:
1. Doors and windows are installed;
2. Floor polishing is completed and the outdoor area is flat; 3. Protective mesh doors, railings and other safety facilities are complete; 4.The oil storage pits of transformers and reactors are cleaned, the oil drainage pipes are unobstructed, and the pebbles are laid;
5. The ventilation and fire-fighting equipment are installed,
6. The decoration work that cannot be carried out after power is supplied and the work that affects the operation safety are completed.www.bzxz.net
Article 1.0.10
Except for the anchor bolts, the fasteners used for equipment installation shall be galvanized products.
Article 1.0.11
The surface quality of porcelain parts of all transformers, reactors, and transformers shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Technical Conditions for Porcelain Parts of High-voltage Insulators". Article 1.0.12 In addition to the provisions of the basic specifications, the construction and acceptance of power transformers, reactors, and transformers shall also comply with the provisions of the relevant standards and specifications currently in force in the country.
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Chapter 2 Power Transformer, Oil-immersed Reactor Section 1 Loading and Unloading and Transportation
Article 2.1.1 The loading and unloading and transportation of transformers of 8000kVA and above and reactors of 8000kVAR and above must fully investigate the transportation route and loading and unloading conditions at both ends, formulate construction safety technical measures, and meet the following requirements: 1. When transporting by water, the following work should be done: 1. Select the waterway, understand the draft, the distribution of obstacles above and below the water, the tide conditions and the size of bridges along the way;
2. Select the ship, understand the ship's carrying capacity and structure, and verify the stability of the ship when loaded;
3. Investigate the bearing capacity and lifting capacity of the wharf, and conduct verification or load test when necessary.
2. When transporting by land directly by machinery, the following work should be done: 1. Understand the structure, width, slope, inclination, turning angle and load-bearing conditions of the road and its bridges, culverts, ditches, etc. along the way, and take measures when necessary. 2. Investigate the conditions of overhead lines, communication lines and other high-altitude obstacles along the way; 3. When transformers and reactors are transported on the on-site railway dedicated line by rollers for short distances, the railway dedicated line should be investigated and verified, and its speed should not exceed 0.2km/h;
4. The highway transportation speed should comply with the manufacturer's regulations. Article 2.1.2 When loading and unloading transformers or reactors, they should be prevented from tipping over due to the expansion and contraction of vehicle springs or the sinking and floating of ships. A special person should be assigned to observe the lifting and lowering of vehicle platforms or the sinking and floating of ships.
The soil, platform and dock at the unloading site must be solid. Engineering 4 Construction Standard Full-text Information System
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Article 2.1.3 Transformers and reactors should not be subject to severe impact and vibration during loading, unloading and transportation. Transformers with voltage of 220kV and above and capacity of 150000kVA and above and reactors with voltage of 330kV and above shall be equipped with impact recorders. The allowable impact value shall comply with the provisions of the manufacturer and the contract. Article 2.1.4 When using mechanical traction for transformers and reactors, the traction point shall be below the center of gravity of the equipment. The transportation inclination angle shall not exceed 15°. Article 2.1.5 When lifting the bell-type transformer as a whole, the wire rope shall be tied to the lifting lug of the lower oil tank for lifting the whole, and must be guided through the corresponding lifting lug of the upper section of the bell.
Article 2.1.6 When lifting a large transformer with a jack, the jack shall be placed on the jack bracket of the oil tank, the lifting operation shall be coordinated, the force at each point shall be even, and the pads shall be placed in time.
Article 2.1.7 Transformers and reactors transported with nitrogen or dry air shall have pressure monitoring and gas replenishment devices. Transformers and reactors should maintain positive pressure during transportation, and the gas pressure should be 0.01~0.03MPa. Article 2.1.8 Dry-type transformers should be protected from rain and moisture during transportation.
Section 2 Inspection and Storage before Installation
Article 2.2.1 After the equipment arrives at the site, the following appearance inspections should be carried out in a timely manner: 1. The oil tank and all accessories should be complete, free of rust and mechanical damage, and the seal should be good.
2. The connecting bolts of the oil tank cover or bell flange and the sealing plate should be complete, well tightened, and leak-free; the oil tank of accessories transported immersed in oil should not leak. 3. The oil level of the oil-filled casing should be normal, without oil leakage, and the porcelain body should not be damaged. 4. For transformers and reactors transported by gas filling, the oil tank should be positively pressurized, and the pressure should be 0.01~0.03MPa.
5. Equipment equipped with impact recorders should check and record the impact of the equipment during transportation and loading and unloading.
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Article 2.2.2 The storage of equipment after arriving at the site shall meet the following requirements: 1. Radiators (coolers), connecting pipes, safety air ducts, oil purifiers, etc. should be sealed.
, meters, fans, submersible pumps, gas relays, air duct baffles, temperature measuring devices and insulating materials, etc. should be placed in a dry room. 3. Short-tail bushings should be placed in a dry room, and oil-filled bushings should be placed horizontally in accordance with the manufacturer's regulations.
4. The bottom of the body, cooling device, etc. should be raised and leveled, and should not be flooded. Dry-type transformers should be placed in a dry room.
5. Accessories transported in oil should be kept in oil-immersed storage, and their oil tanks should be sealed. 6. The accessories connected to the main body do not need to be removed. Article 2.2.3 The acceptance and storage of insulating oil shall meet the following requirements: 1. Insulating oil shall be stored in a sealed and clean special oil tank or container. 2. Each batch of insulating oil arriving at the site shall have a test record, and samples shall be taken for simplified analysis, and full analysis shall be conducted if necessary. 1. Sampling quantity: For large tank oil, each tank shall be sampled, and for small barrel oil, samples shall be taken according to Table 2.2.3.
2. The sampling test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the current national standard "Sampling of Power Oil (Transformer Oil, Turbine Oil)". The test standard shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Test Standard for Handover of Electrical Equipment for Electrical Installation Engineering". 3. Insulating oils of different brands shall be stored separately and have obvious brand marks. 4. When draining the oil, it shall be visually inspected. For insulating oil transported by railway tank cars, there should be no abnormality on the top and bottom of the oil: For insulating oil transported in small barrels, each barrel shall be self-tested to identify its odor, and the trademarks of each barrel shall be consistent. Article 2.2.4 After the transformer and reactor arrive at the site, if they cannot be installed within three months, the following work should be carried out within one month: 1. Transformers and reactors transported with oil: 1. Check the sealing of the oil tank,
2. Measure the insulation strength of the oil in the transformer;
W.bzsoso.cOmArticle 2 When loading and unloading transformers or reactors, they should be prevented from tipping over due to the expansion and contraction of vehicle springs or the sinking and floating of ships. A special person should be assigned to observe the rise and fall of vehicle platforms or the sinking and floating of ships.
The soil, platform and dock at the unloading site must be solid. Engineering 4 Construction Standard Full Text Information System
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Article 2.1.3 Transformers and reactors should not be subject to severe impact and vibration during loading, unloading and transportation. Transformers with a voltage of 220kV and above and a capacity of 150000kVA and above and reactors with a voltage of 330kV and above should be equipped with impact recorders. The allowable impact value should comply with the provisions of the manufacturer and the contract. Article 2.1.4 When using mechanical traction for transformers and reactors, the traction point should be below the center of gravity of the equipment. The transportation inclination angle shall not exceed 15°. Article 2.1.5 When lifting the bell-type transformer as a whole, the wire rope should be tied to the lifting lug of the lower oil tank for lifting the whole, and must be guided by the corresponding lifting lug of the upper section of the bell.
Article 2.1.6 When lifting a large transformer with a jack, the jack should be placed on the jack bracket of the oil tank. The lifting operation should be coordinated, the force at each point should be even, and the pads should be placed in time.
Article 2.1.7 Transformers and reactors transported with nitrogen or dry air should have pressure monitoring and gas replenishment devices. Transformers and reactors should maintain positive pressure during transportation, and the gas pressure should be 0.01~0.03MPa. Article 2.1.8 Dry-type transformers should have rain and moisture protection measures during transportation.
Section 2 Inspection and Storage before Installation
Article 2.2.1 After the equipment arrives at the site, the following appearance inspections should be carried out in a timely manner: 1. The oil tank and all accessories should be complete, free of rust and mechanical damage, and the seal should be in good condition.
2. The connecting bolts of the oil tank cover or bell flange and the sealing plate should be complete, well tightened, and leak-free; the oil tank of accessories transported immersed in oil should not leak. 3. The oil level of the oil-filled casing should be normal, without oil leakage, and the porcelain body should not be damaged. 4. For transformers and reactors transported by inflation, the oil tank should be positively pressurized, with a pressure of 0.01~0.03MPa.
5. For equipment equipped with an impact recorder, the impact of the equipment during transportation and loading and unloading should be checked and recorded.
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Article 2.2.2 The storage of equipment after arriving at the site shall meet the following requirements: 1. Radiators (coolers), connecting pipes, safety airways, oil purifiers, etc. should be sealed.
, meters, fans, submersible oil pumps, gas relays, airway baffles, temperature measuring devices and insulating materials, etc. should be placed in a dry room. 3. Short-tail bushings should be placed in a dry room, and oil-filled bushings should be placed horizontally in accordance with the manufacturer's regulations.
4. The bottom of the body, cooling device, etc. should be raised and leveled, and should not be flooded. Dry-type transformers should be placed in a dry room.
5. Accessories transported in oil should be kept in oil, and their oil tanks should be sealed. 6. Accessories connected to the body do not need to be removed. Article 2.2.3 The acceptance and storage of insulating oil shall meet the following requirements: 1. Insulating oil shall be stored in a sealed and clean special oil tank or container. 2. Each batch of insulating oil arriving at the site shall have a test record, and samples shall be taken for simplified analysis, and full analysis shall be conducted if necessary. 1. Sampling quantity: For large tank oil, each tank shall be sampled, and for small barrel oil, samples shall be taken according to Table 2.2.3.
2. The sampling test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the current national standard "Sampling of Power Oil (Transformer Oil, Turbine Oil)". The test standard shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Test Standard for Handover of Electrical Equipment for Electrical Installation Engineering". 3. Insulating oils of different brands shall be stored separately and have obvious brand marks. 4. When draining the oil, it shall be visually inspected. For insulating oil transported by railway tank trucks, there should be no abnormality on the top and bottom of the oil: For insulating oil transported in small barrels, each barrel shall be self-tested to identify its odor, and the trademarks of each barrel shall be consistent. Article 2.2.4 After the transformer and reactor arrive at the site, if they cannot be installed within three months, the following work should be carried out within one month: 1. Transformers and reactors transported with oil: 1. Check the sealing of the oil tank,
2. Measure the insulation strength of the oil in the transformer;
W.bzsoso.cOmArticle 2 When loading and unloading transformers or reactors, they should be prevented from tipping over due to the expansion and contraction of vehicle springs or the sinking and floating of ships. A special person should be assigned to observe the rise and fall of vehicle platforms or the sinking and floating of ships.
The soil, platform and dock at the unloading site must be solid. Engineering 4 Construction Standard Full Text Information System
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Article 2.1.3 Transformers and reactors should not be subject to severe impact and vibration during loading, unloading and transportation. Transformers with a voltage of 220kV and above and a capacity of 150000kVA and above and reactors with a voltage of 330kV and above should be equipped with impact recorders. The allowable impact value should comply with the provisions of the manufacturer and the contract. Article 2.1.4 When using mechanical traction for transformers and reactors, the traction point should be below the center of gravity of the equipment. The transportation inclination angle shall not exceed 15°. Article 2.1.5 When lifting the bell-type transformer as a whole, the wire rope should be tied to the lifting lug of the lower oil tank for lifting the whole, and must be guided by the corresponding lifting lug of the upper section of the bell.
Article 2.1.6 When lifting a large transformer with a jack, the jack should be placed on the jack bracket of the oil tank. The lifting operation should be coordinated, the force at each point should be even, and the pads should be placed in time.
Article 2.1.7 Transformers and reactors transported with nitrogen or dry air should have pressure monitoring and gas replenishment devices. Transformers and reactors should maintain positive pressure during transportation, and the gas pressure should be 0.01~0.03MPa. Article 2.1.8 Dry-type transformers should have rain and moisture protection measures during transportation.
Section 2 Inspection and Storage before Installation
Article 2.2.1 After the equipment arrives at the site, the following appearance inspections should be carried out in a timely manner: 1. The oil tank and all accessories should be complete, free of rust and mechanical damage, and the seal should be in good condition.
2. The connecting bolts of the oil tank cover or bell flange and the sealing plate should be complete, well tightened, and leak-free; the oil tank of accessories transported immersed in oil should not leak. 3. The oil level of the oil-filled casing should be normal, without oil leakage, and the porcelain body should not be damaged. 4. For transformers and reactors transported by inflation, the oil tank should be positively pressurized, with a pressure of 0.01~0.03MPa.
5. For equipment equipped with an impact recorder, the impact of the equipment during transportation and loading and unloading should be checked and recorded.
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Article 2.2.2 The storage of equipment after arriving at the site shall meet the following requirements: 1. Radiators (coolers), connecting pipes, safety airways, oil purifiers, etc. should be sealed.
, meters, fans, submersible oil pumps, gas relays, airway baffles, temperature measuring devices and insulating materials, etc. should be placed in a dry room. 3. Short-tail bushings should be placed in a dry room, and oil-filled bushings should be placed horizontally in accordance with the manufacturer's regulations.
4. The bottom of the body, cooling device, etc. should be raised and leveled, and should not be flooded. Dry-type transformers should be placed in a dry room.
5. Accessories transported in oil should be kept in oil, and their oil tanks should be sealed. 6. Accessories connected to the body do not need to be removed. Article 2.2.3 The acceptance and storage of insulating oil shall meet the following requirements: 1. Insulating oil shall be stored in a sealed and clean special oil tank or container. 2. Each batch of insulating oil arriving at the site shall have a test record, and samples shall be taken for simplified analysis, and full analysis shall be conducted if necessary. 1. Sampling quantity: For large tank oil, each tank shall be sampled, and for small barrel oil, samples shall be taken according to Table 2.2.3.
2. The sampling test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the current national standard "Sampling of Power Oil (Transformer Oil, Turbine Oil)". The test standard shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Test Standard for Handover of Electrical Equipment for Electrical Installation Engineering". 3. Insulating oils of different brands shall be stored separately and have obvious brand marks. 4. When draining the oil, it shall be visually inspected. For insulating oil transported by railway tank trucks, there should be no abnormality on the top and bottom of the oil: For insulating oil transported in small barrels, each barrel shall be self-tested to identify its odor, and the trademarks of each barrel shall be consistent. Article 2.2.4 After the transformer and reactor arrive at the site, if they cannot be installed within three months, the following work should be carried out within one month: 1. Transformers and reactors transported with oil: 1. Check the sealing of the oil tank,
2. Measure the insulation strength of the oil in the transformer;
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