Some standard content:
GB/T8946-1998
This standard is a revised version of the original national standard GB8946--88 "Plastic Woven Bags". This standard adopts the Japanese Industrial Standard JISZ1533:1976 "Flat Wire for Polypropylene Woven Bags" in a non-equivalent manner. This standard cancels the woven bottom bag in the product classification, adds a special light bag with low loading weight (code TA), and stipulates the corresponding technical indicators, so that the product model assessment is more serialized. This standard cancels the unit area mass calculation formula and supplements the unit area mass weighing method. This standard also incorporates heat resistance and hygienic properties into the technical requirements and adds corresponding test methods. Compared with the original standard, this standard has a more standardized scope of application, a more complete product classification, more advanced technical indicators, more scientific test methods, and more reasonable inspection rules. From the date of entry into force, this standard will also replace GB8946:88. Appendix A of this standard is the appendix of the standard.
This standard was proposed by the China Light Industry General Association.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Plastic Products. The drafting unit of this standard is Hangzhou Xinfeng Plastic Factory. The main drafters of this standard are Du Fangchao, Yuan Xiaolan and Xu Yuhua. 5.1
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Plastic woven sack
GB/T 8946---1998
Replaces GB8916--88
This standard specifies the product classification, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules and marking, packaging, transportation and storage requirements of plastic woven bags.
This standard is applicable to plastic woven bags (hereinafter referred to as bags) made of polypropylene and polyethylene resin as the main raw materials, which are extruded and stretched into flat yarns, and then woven and made into bags for packaging powdery or granular solid materials and flexible articles. 2 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. The versions shown are valid at the time of publication of this standard. All standards are subject to revision. Parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/T1039-92 General principles for test methods for mechanical properties of plastics GB/T1040-92 Test methods for tensile properties of plastics GB/T2828-87 Procedures and sampling tables for batch inspection by counting (applicable to inspection of continuous batches) GB2918-82 Standard environment for state adjustment and testing of plastic specimens GB/T4857.5-92 Drop test method for packaging and transport packages GB/T5009.60-1996 Analytical methods for hygienic standards of polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene molded products for food packaging Hygienic standards for polyethylene molded products for food packaging GB 9687-88
GB 9688-88
3 Product classification
Hygienic standards for polypropylene molded products for food packaging 3.1 Varieties
3.1.1 According to the main constituent materials, they are divided into polypropylene bags and polyethylene bags. 3.1.2 According to the sewing method, it is divided into bottom-sewn bags and bottom-sewn bags (see Figure 1). a) Bottom-sewn bags
a--Effective length; b--Effective width
Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on September 29, 1998 b) Bottom-sewn bags
Implemented on May 1, 1999
3.2 Model
GB/T 8946-1998
The model and allowable loading mass, linear density, and warp and weft density of the bag shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. Table 1
Allowable loading mass, kg
Linear density, tex
Warp density X weft density
Root/100mm
Single warp plain weave
32×32
21～30
Single warp plain weave
36×36
1 1 tex= 1 g/km, Technical indicators of flat yarn for plastic woven bags are shown in Appendix A (Appendix to the standard). 2 When the linear density and warp and weft density change, the tensile strength in each direction must reach the indicators of the corresponding model product. 3 Special requirements shall be determined by negotiation between the supply and demand parties. 3.3 Specifications
3.3.1 According to the effective width of the bag, it is divided into 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700mm. If the effective width does not meet the above specifications, it shall be determined by negotiation between the supply and demand parties. 3.3.2 The effective length of the bag shall be determined by negotiation between the supply and demand parties. 4
Technical requirements
4.1 Appearance quality
Appearance quality shall comply with the provisions of Table 2.
Allowable deviation
The sum of broken threads in the same warp and weft is less than 3
The obvious oil stains below 100 mm2 shall not exceed 3 places, and obvious oil stains above 100 mm2 shall not be allowed. Type B
Single warp plain weave
Needle drop, thread breakage, unsewn curling and folding are not allowed. Raveling is not allowed.
The allowable deviation of the bag shall comply with the provisions of Table 3. Table 3
Length, mm
Width, mm
Warp density, root/100mm
Weft density, root/100mm
Mass per unit area, %
Allowable deviation
Single warp plain weave
48×48
4.3 Physical properties
The physical properties shall conform to the requirements of Table 4.
Tensile load
N/50mm
Heat resistance
Drop resistance
4.4 Hygienic properties
Seam edge (double fold)
Seam bottom (double fold)
GB/T 8946-1998
≥450
≥450
≥250
≥200
No abnormal conditions such as adhesion and melting marks
The bag will not break and the package will not leak
≥550
≥300
Bags that directly contact food and medicine should comply with the provisions of GB9687 or GB9688. 5 Test methods
5.1 Appearance inspection
Visual inspection under natural light.
5.2 Length and width
≥650
≥650
≥350
≥300
≥800
≥400
≥350
Spread the bag flat, use a ruler accurate to 1.mm, measure three places in the middle and 100mm away from the edge, the ruler should be parallel to the edge of the bag, and the maximum deviation is taken as the test result.
5.3 Warp density and weft density
Spread the bag flat, circle two 100mm×100mm squares at the upper and lower diagonals of the bag, the outer edge of the square is 100mm away from the edge of the bag, visually observe the number of warp and weft roots in the square, take the average value, when the last point is less than one, it is counted as one. 5.4 Mass per unit area
5.4.1 At the place where the warp and weft density is measured in 5.3, take four specimens with an area of 10000 mm2. 5.4.2 Weigh the mass with a balance with a sensitivity of 0.01 g, take the arithmetic mean, and calculate the mass deviation per unit area according to formula (1). Mi - M.
Where: T—mass deviation per unit area, %; M—mass of 100 cm2 specimen × 100, g/m2; M. —nominal mass per unit area, g/m2. 5.5 Tensile load
5.5.1 The test conditions shall be in accordance with GB/T1039. The specimens shall be conditioned at a temperature of 23'C ± 2'℃ and normal humidity for 4 hours, and the test shall be carried out under these conditions. (1)
5.5.2 The test equipment shall comply with the relevant equipment regulations of Chapter 6 of GB/T1040--92: the distance between the fixtures is 200 mm, and the empty car descending speed is 200 mm/min±20 mm/min.
5.5.3 Sampling method
Use the sewing roll folding surface as the sampling surface, and take two specimens in the warp direction, weft direction, seam edge direction, and seam bottom direction from each bag according to the position shown in Figure 2. The length is 300 mm and the width is about 60 mm. Then correct it to 50 mm. If the last one exceeds half a length, it will be retained. The stitches on both sides of the seam specimen should be appropriately long. The flat stitch method is shown in Figure 3, and the chain stitch method is shown in Figure 4. Tie three knots on each side. 57
GB/T 8946--1998
Unit: mm
Seam edge
5.5.4 Record the tensile load of the sample and take its arithmetic mean. 5.5.5 If the sample breaks or slips in the fixture during the test, which affects the accuracy, the sample should be replaced and redone. 5.6 Heat resistance
5.6.1 Take two warp and weft samples from the bag, each with a length of 300mm and a width of 20mm. 5.6.2 Lift up the surface, apply a load of 9.8N on it, put it in an oven at 80℃ for 1h, and immediately separate the two overlapping samples after taking them out to check whether there are any abnormal conditions such as adhesion and melting marks on the surface. 5.7 Drop resistance
The test method shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T4857.5. 5.7.1 The test environment shall be normal temperature and humidity.
5.7.2 The test site shall be a flat cement floor. 5.7.3 The filling factor shall be 0.80~~0.85.
5.7.4 Test quality and material selection
TA type bag shall contain 20kg polypropylene, polyethylene resin or material of equivalent density; A type bag shall contain 25kg polypropylene, polyethylene resin or material of equivalent density; B type bag shall contain 40kg urea or material of equivalent density; C type bag shall contain 50kg urea or material of equivalent density. 58
5.7.5 Test sequence
Article 1: longitudinal—horizontal lateral
Article 2: horizontal—lateral—
Article 3: lateral longitudinal—horizontal
GB/T8946—1998
5.7.6 Place the sample at a height of 1.2m and let it fall freely. Perform three drop tests in the order specified in 5.7.5 to check whether there is bag rupture and packaging leakage. Www.bzxZ.net
5.8 Hygienic performance
Perform according to GB/T5009.60.
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Batch
Products of the same model and specification are grouped as one batch, and each batch shall not exceed 150,000 pieces. 6.2 Sampling
6.2.1 The appearance and deviation of the bag are determined according to the normal sampling plan specified in GB/T2828 (see Table 5), and each woven bag is a sample unit.
Batch range
501~1 200
1201~3200
3201~10000
10001~35000
35 001~150 000
Sample size
Number of qualified judgment A
6.2.2 Tensile load Randomly sample 5 pieces from each batch, of which 2 pieces are spare and 3 pieces are sampled and measured according to 5.5.3. Number of unqualified judgment R.
6.2.3 Other inspection items are randomly sampled according to the provisions of Chapter 5, and the number of samples should be able to meet the test requirements of the required items. 6.3 Inspection classification
6.3.1 Factory inspection items are 4.1, 4.2 and tensile load in 4.3. 6.3.2 Type inspection
Type inspection items are all items in the technical requirements. Generally, inspection is conducted once a year. Type inspection should be conducted in any of the following situations:
a) Trial production and identification of new products or old products transferred to the factory for production; b) After formal production, if there are major changes in structure, materials, and processes that may affect product performance; c) When the product is resumed after a long period of suspension; d) When the factory inspection results are significantly different from the last type inspection; e) The national quality supervision agency proposes a requirement for type inspection. 6.4 Judgment rules
6.4.1 Quality judgment of sample units
The appearance and deviation of the bag shall be inspected in accordance with 4.1 and 4.2. If all items are qualified, the sample unit is qualified. 6.4.2 Quality determination of qualified batches
6.4.2.1 The appearance and deviation of bags are determined in accordance with GB/T2828. The batch quality is expressed by the number of unqualified products per 100 units. The general inspection level is 1 and the qualified quality level (AQL) is 6.5. For specific regulations, see Table 5. 6.4.2.2 If there are unqualified items in the tensile load test, double sampling should be taken from the original batch to re-test the unqualified items. If all the re-test results are qualified, the batch is judged to be qualified. 6.4.2.3 Heat resistance test
GB/T8946—1998
If the heat resistance test is unqualified, the type test is unqualified. 6.4.2.4 Drop test
If the drop test is unqualified, the type test is unqualified. 6.4.2.5 Hygienic performance
If there are unqualified hygienic performance, the type test is unqualified. 7 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
7.1 Marking
The product packaging should have the manufacturer's name, product name, specifications, quantity, standard number, trademark, production date and other information. Special requirements shall be negotiated by both parties.
7.2 Packaging
7.2.1 The packaging of the bag should be firm and flat, suitable for transportation. 7.2.2 The number of packages per package shall be negotiated by the supply and demand parties. 7.2.3 Each package shall contain a product certificate. 7.3 Transportation
During transportation, the bags should be loaded and unloaded gently, avoid sun and rain, and keep the packaging intact. 7.4 Storage
The bags should be stored in a cool and clean room. The storage period shall not exceed eighteen months from the date of production. 60
A1 Technical indicators
A1.1 Relative tensile load: ≥0.32N/texA1.2 Elongation at break: 15%～30%
A1.3 Line density deviation: ±10%
A2 Test method
A2.1 Test conditions
GB/T 8946-—1998
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Technical indicators of flat yarn for plastic woven bags
According to the provisions of GB2918, the test environment temperature is 23℃±2℃, constant humidity. A2.2 Relative tensile load
A2.2.1 The test equipment should comply with the provisions of Chapter 6 of GB/T1040-92. A2.2.2 Test method: Cut a flat wire of 800 mm in length, the distance between the clamps is 500 mm, the empty car descending speed is 300 mm/min ± 2 mm/min, each sample is tested twice, and the arithmetic mean is taken. A2.2.3 The relative tensile load is calculated according to formula (A1): a
Where: a-
Relative tensile load, N/tex;
Breaking force, N;
P Line density, tex.
A2.3 Determination and calculation of elongation at break
. (Al)
When the sample breaks, the percentage of the increase in the spacing between the markings of the effective part of the sample to the initial gauge length is calculated according to formula (A2): e(%)
Where: E-
Elongation at break, %;
Initial gauge length, mm;
L-—Gauge length when the sample breaks, mm.
A2.4 Linear density
A2.4.1 Measurement and calculation of linear density:
Use a yarn frame length measuring instrument to wind a 100m sample, weigh the mass to an accuracy of 0.1g, and calculate the linear density according to formula (A3). pr
Linear density, tex;
Wherein:
GSample mass, g.
A2.4.2 Linear density deviation is calculated according to formula (A4): 1 000 ×G
PB-PA
8(%) =
（A3）
（A4）
Wherein: —Linear density deviation value, %;
-Standard linear density, tex;
Measured average linear density, tex.
GB/T 8946—19981 The appearance and deviation of the bag are judged according to the normal sampling plan specified in GB/T2828 (see Table 5), and each woven bag is a sample unit.
Batch range
501~1 200
1201~3200
3201~10000
10001~35000
35 001~150 000
Sample size
Number of qualified judgment A
6.2.2 Tensile load Randomly sample 5 pieces from each batch, of which 2 pieces are spare and 3 pieces are sampled and measured according to 5.5.3. Number of unqualified judgment R.
6.2.3 Other inspection items are randomly sampled according to the provisions of Chapter 5, and the number of samples should be able to meet the test requirements of the required items. 6.3 Inspection classification
6.3.1 Factory inspection items are 4.1, 4.2 and tensile load in 4.3. 6.3.2 Type inspection
Type inspection items are all items in the technical requirements. Generally, inspection is conducted once a year. Type inspection should be conducted in any of the following situations:
a) Trial production and identification of new products or old products transferred to the factory for production; b) After formal production, if there are major changes in structure, materials, and processes that may affect product performance; c) When the product is resumed after a long period of suspension; d) When the factory inspection results are significantly different from the last type inspection; e) The national quality supervision agency proposes a requirement for type inspection. 6.4 Judgment rules
6.4.1 Quality judgment of sample units
The appearance and deviation of the bag shall be inspected in accordance with 4.1 and 4.2. If all items are qualified, the sample unit is qualified. 6.4.2 Quality determination of qualified batches
6.4.2.1 The appearance and deviation of bags are determined in accordance with GB/T2828. The batch quality is expressed by the number of unqualified products per 100 units. The general inspection level is 1 and the qualified quality level (AQL) is 6.5. For specific regulations, see Table 5. 6.4.2.2 If there are unqualified items in the tensile load test, double sampling should be taken from the original batch to re-test the unqualified items. If all the re-test results are qualified, the batch is judged to be qualified. 6.4.2.3 Heat resistance test
GB/T8946—1998
If the heat resistance test is unqualified, the type test is unqualified. 6.4.2.4 Drop test
If the drop test is unqualified, the type test is unqualified. 6.4.2.5 Hygienic performance
If there are unqualified hygienic performance, the type test is unqualified. 7 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
7.1 Marking
The product packaging should have the manufacturer's name, product name, specifications, quantity, standard number, trademark, production date and other information. Special requirements shall be negotiated by both parties.
7.2 Packaging
7.2.1 The packaging of the bag should be firm and flat, suitable for transportation. 7.2.2 The number of packages per package shall be negotiated by the supply and demand parties. 7.2.3 Each package shall contain a product certificate. 7.3 Transportation
During transportation, the bags should be loaded and unloaded gently, avoid sun and rain, and keep the packaging intact. 7.4 Storage
The bags should be stored in a cool and clean room. The storage period shall not exceed eighteen months from the date of production. 60
A1 Technical indicators
A1.1 Relative tensile load: ≥0.32N/texA1.2 Elongation at break: 15%～30%
A1.3 Line density deviation: ±10%
A2 Test method
A2.1 Test conditions
GB/T 8946-—1998
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Technical indicators of flat yarn for plastic woven bags
According to the provisions of GB2918, the test environment temperature is 23℃±2℃, constant humidity. A2.2 Relative tensile load
A2.2.1 The test equipment should comply with the provisions of Chapter 6 of GB/T1040-92. A2.2.2 Test method: Cut a flat wire of 800 mm in length, the distance between the clamps is 500 mm, the empty car descending speed is 300 mm/min ± 2 mm/min, each sample is tested twice, and the arithmetic mean is taken. A2.2.3 The relative tensile load is calculated according to formula (A1): a
Where: a-
Relative tensile load, N/tex;
Breaking force, N;
P Line density, tex.
A2.3 Determination and calculation of elongation at break
. (Al)
When the sample breaks, the percentage of the increase in the spacing between the markings of the effective part of the sample to the initial gauge length is calculated according to formula (A2): e(%)
Where: E-
Elongation at break, %;
Initial gauge length, mm;
L-—Gauge length when the sample breaks, mm.
A2.4 Linear density
A2.4.1 Measurement and calculation of linear density:
Use a yarn frame length measuring instrument to wind a 100m sample, weigh the mass to an accuracy of 0.1g, and calculate the linear density according to formula (A3). pr
Linear density, tex;
Wherein:
GSample mass, g.
A2.4.2 Linear density deviation is calculated according to formula (A4): 1 000 ×G
PB-PA
8(%) =
（A3）
（A4）
Wherein: —Linear density deviation value, %;
-Standard linear density, tex;
Measured average linear density, tex.
GB/T 8946—19981 The appearance and deviation of the bag are judged according to the normal sampling plan specified in GB/T2828 (see Table 5), and each woven bag is a sample unit.
Batch range
501~1 200
1201~3200
3201~10000
10001~35000
35 001~150 000
Sample size
Number of qualified judgment A
6.2.2 Tensile load Randomly sample 5 pieces from each batch, of which 2 pieces are spare and 3 pieces are sampled and measured according to 5.5.3. Number of unqualified judgment R.
6.2.3 Other inspection items are randomly sampled according to the provisions of Chapter 5, and the number of samples should be able to meet the test requirements of the required items. 6.3 Inspection classification
6.3.1 Factory inspection items are 4.1, 4.2 and tensile load in 4.3. 6.3.2 Type inspection
Type inspection items are all items in the technical requirements. Generally, inspection is conducted once a year. Type inspection should be conducted in any of the following situations:
a) Trial production and identification of new products or old products transferred to the factory for production; b) After formal production, if there are major changes in structure, materials, and processes that may affect product performance; c) When the product is resumed after a long period of suspension; d) When the factory inspection results are significantly different from the last type inspection; e) The national quality supervision agency proposes a requirement for type inspection. 6.4 Judgment rules
6.4.1 Quality judgment of sample units
The appearance and deviation of the bag shall be inspected in accordance with 4.1 and 4.2. If all items are qualified, the sample unit is qualified. 6.4.2 Quality determination of qualified batches
6.4.2.1 The appearance and deviation of bags are determined in accordance with GB/T2828. The batch quality is expressed by the number of unqualified products per 100 units. The general inspection level is 1 and the qualified quality level (AQL) is 6.5. For specific regulations, see Table 5. 6.4.2.2 If there are unqualified items in the tensile load test, double sampling should be taken from the original batch to re-test the unqualified items. If all the re-test results are qualified, the batch is judged to be qualified. 6.4.2.3 Heat resistance test
GB/T8946—1998
If the heat resistance test is unqualified, the type test is unqualified. 6.4.2.4 Drop test
If the drop test is unqualified, the type test is unqualified. 6.4.2.5 Hygienic performance
If there are unqualified hygienic performance, the type test is unqualified. 7 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
7.1 Marking
The product packaging should have the manufacturer's name, product name, specifications, quantity, standard number, trademark, production date and other information. Special requirements shall be negotiated by both parties.
7.2 Packaging
7.2.1 The packaging of the bag should be firm and flat, suitable for transportation. 7.2.2 The number of packages per package shall be negotiated by the supply and demand parties. 7.2.3 Each package shall contain a product certificate. 7.3 Transportation
During transportation, the bags should be loaded and unloaded gently, avoid sun and rain, and keep the packaging intact. 7.4 Storage
The bags should be stored in a cool and clean room. The storage period shall not exceed eighteen months from the date of production. 60
A1 Technical indicators
A1.1 Relative tensile load: ≥0.32N/texA1.2 Elongation at break: 15%～30%
A1.3 Line density deviation: ±10%
A2 Test method
A2.1 Test conditions
GB/T 8946-—1998
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Technical indicators of flat yarn for plastic woven bags
According to the provisions of GB2918, the test environment temperature is 23℃±2℃, constant humidity. A2.2 Relative tensile load
A2.2.1 The test equipment should comply with the provisions of Chapter 6 of GB/T1040-92. A2.2.2 Test method: Cut a flat wire of 800 mm in length, the distance between the clamps is 500 mm, the empty car descending speed is 300 mm/min ± 2 mm/min, each sample is tested twice, and the arithmetic mean is taken. A2.2.3 The relative tensile load is calculated according to formula (A1): a
Where: a-
Relative tensile load, N/tex;
Breaking force, N;
P Line density, tex.
A2.3 Determination and calculation of elongation at break
. (Al)
When the sample breaks, the percentage of the increase in the spacing between the markings of the effective part of the sample to the initial gauge length is calculated according to formula (A2): e(%)
Where: E-
Elongation at break, %;
Initial gauge length, mm;
L-—Gauge length when the sample breaks, mm.
A2.4 Linear density
A2.4.1 Measurement and calculation of linear density:
Use a yarn frame length measuring instrument to wind a 100m sample, weigh the mass to an accuracy of 0.1g, and calculate the linear density according to formula (A3). pr
Linear density, tex;
Wherein:
GSample mass, g.
A2.4.2 Linear density deviation is calculated according to formula (A4): 1 000 ×G
PB-PA
8(%) =
（A3）
（A4）
Wherein: —Linear density deviation value, %;
-Standard linear density, tex;
Measured average linear density, tex.
GB/T 8946—19981 Test conditions
GB/T 8946-—1998
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Technical indicators of flat yarn for plastic woven bags
The test environment temperature is 23℃±2℃, and the test environment is humid. A2.2 Relative tensile load
A2.2.1 The test equipment should comply with the provisions of Chapter 6 of GB/T1040-92. A2.2.2 Test method: Cut a flat yarn with a length of 800mm, the distance between the clamps is 500mm, the empty car descending speed is 300mm/min±2 mm/min, each sample is tested twice, and the arithmetic mean is taken. A2.2.3 The relative tensile load is calculated according to formula (A1): a
Where: a-
Relative tensile load, N/tex;
Breaking force, N;
P Linear density, tex.
A2.3 Determination and calculation of elongation at break
. (Al)
The percentage of the increase in the spacing between the markings on the effective part of the sample when the sample breaks and the ratio of the initial marking length is calculated according to formula (A2): e(%)
Where: E-
elongation at break, %;
initial marking length, mm;
L-—marking length when the sample breaks, mm.
A2.4 Linear density
A2.4.1 Measurement and calculation of linear density:
Take 100m of sample with a yarn frame length measuring instrument, weigh the mass to an accuracy of 0.1g, and calculate the linear density according to formula (A3). pr
Linear density, tex;
Where:
GSample mass, g.
A2.4.2 Linear density deviation is calculated according to formula (A4): 1 000 × G
PB-PA
8(%) =
（A3）
（A4）
Wherein: —Linear density deviation value, %;
-Standard linear density, tex;
Measured average linear density, tex.
GB/T 8946—19981 Test conditions
GB/T 8946-—1998
Appendix A
(Appendix to the standard)
Technical indicators of flat yarn for plastic woven bags
The test environment temperature is 23℃±2℃, and the test environment is humid. A2.2 Relative tensile load
A2.2.1 The test equipment should comply with the provisions of Chapter 6 of GB/T1040-92. A2.2.2 Test method: Cut a flat yarn with a length of 800mm, the distance between the clamps is 500mm, the empty car descending speed is 300mm/min±2 mm/min, each sample is tested twice, and the arithmetic mean is taken. A2.2.3 The relative tensile load is calculated according to formula (A1): a
Where: a-
Relative tensile load, N/tex;
Breaking force, N;
P Linear density, tex.
A2.3 Determination and calculation of elongation at break
. (Al)
The percentage of the increase in the spacing between the markings on the effective part of the sample when the sample breaks and the ratio of the initial marking length is calculated according to formula (A2): e(%)
Where: E-
elongation at break, %;
initial marking length, mm;
L-—marking length when the sample breaks, mm.
A2.4 Linear density
A2.4.1 Measurement and calculation of linear density:
Take 100m of sample with a yarn frame length measuring instrument, weigh the mass to an accuracy of 0.1g, and calculate the linear density according to formula (A3). pr
Linear density, tex;
Where:
GSample mass, g.
A2.4.2 Linear density deviation is calculated according to formula (A4): 1 000 × G
PB-PA
8(%) =
（A3）
（A4）
Wherein: —Linear density deviation value, %;
-Standard linear density, tex;
Measured average linear density, tex.
GB/T 8946—1998
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