Standard number: QX/T 524-2019
Standard name: X-band Doppler weather radar
English name: X-band Doppler weather radar
Standard format: PDF
Release time: 2019-12-26
Implementation time: 2020-04-01
Standard size: 5.37M
Standard introduction: This standard specifies the general requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, labeling and accompanying documents, packaging, transportation and storage requirements for X-band Doppler weather radar.
This standard is applicable to the design, development, production and product acceptance of pulse Doppler weather radar systems with three emission systems: X-band magnetron, klystron and all-solid-state. This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009.
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Meteorological Instruments and Observation Methods (SAC/TC507).
The drafting units of this standard are: CSIC Pengli (Nanjing) Atmospheric and Oceanic Information System Co., Ltd., China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation 724th Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Jiangsu Meteorological Bureau, Nanjing Enrui Industrial Co., Ltd., Hainan Meteorological Detection. The main drafters of this standard are: Fan Hanqiang, Shi Chunrong, Hou Xiaoyu, Yao Lingxia, Shao Shiqing, Xu Kun, Zhou Tao, Zhao Kun, Yang Zhengwei, Huang Xingyou, Yang Jun, Zhou Honggen, Zhu Yi, Li Chen, Li Zhaochun. The terms and definitions defined in GB/T3784-2009 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document. X-band Doppler weather radarX-band Doppler weather radar operates in the X-band and measures the echo
wave intensity based on the backscattering principle of water particles in the atmosphere (cloud raindrops, ice crystals, hail, snowflakes, etc.), and measures radial velocity and velocity spectrum width based on the Doppler effect.
In-phase quadrature data
The analog intermediate frequency signal output by the radar receiver is sampled by the digital intermediate frequency and demodulated by the quadrature.
[QX/T461-2018, definition 3.2]
Hase data
Data obtained by combining the in-phase quadrature data as input with the target position information, radar parameters and signal processing algorithm.
[QX/T461-2018, definition 3.3]
This standard specifies the general requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, labeling and accompanying documents, packaging, transportation and storage requirements for X-band Doppler weather radars. This standard applies to the design, development, production and product acceptance of pulse Doppler weather radar systems with three emission systems: X-band magnetron, klystron and all-solid-state.

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Meteorological Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
QX/T524—2019
X-band Doppler weather radar
X-band Doppler weather radar
Published on 2019-12-26
China Meteorological Administration
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Implemented on 2020-04-01
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Regulation Normative references
Terms and definitions
Abbreviations
General requirements
Functional requirements
Performance requirements
Shelter and vehicle
Environmental adaptability:
Electromagnetic compatibility
Power supply adaptability
Interchangeability
Safety
Test methods
Test environmental conditions
Test instruments and equipment
Function·
Performance·
Shelter and vehicle
Environmental adaptability
Electromagnetic compatibility·
Power supply adaptability Compatibility
Interchangeability
Safety
Electrical safety
Mechanical safety
Inspection rules
Inspection classification
Inspection equipment
Inspection items
Type inspection
Factory inspection
On-site inspection
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QX/T524—2019
QX/T524—2019
8 Marks, labels and accompanying documents
8.1 Product identification||t t||8.2 Packaging label
Accompanying documents·
9 Packaging, transportation and storage
9.2 Transportation·
9.3 Storage..
Appendix A (Informative Appendix)
Appendix B (Normative Appendix)
References
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Basic parameters of radar automatic upload
Inspection items, technical requirements and test methodsika-cJouakA
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This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. QX/T524-2019
This standard was proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Meteorological Instruments and Observation Methods (SAC/TC507). The drafting organizations of this standard are: CSIC Pengli (Nanjing) Atmospheric and Oceanic Information System Co., Ltd., CSIC 724 Research Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Jiangsu Meteorological Bureau, Nanjing Enruit Industrial Co., Ltd., Hainan Meteorological Observation Center.
The main drafters of this standard are: Fan Hanqiang, Shi Chunrong, Hou Xiaoyu, Yao Lingxia, Shao Shiqing, Xu Kun, Zhou Tao, Zhao Kun, Yang Zhengwei, Huang Xingyou, Yang Jun, Zhou Honggen, Zhu Yi, Li You, Li Zhaochun. m
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1 Scope
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X-band Doppler weather radar
QX/T524—2019
This standard specifies the general requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, labeling and accompanying documents, packaging, transportation and storage requirements of X-band Doppler weather radar
This standard applies to the design, development, production and product acceptance of pulse Doppler weather radar systems with three emission systems: X-band magnetron, klystron and all-solid-state.
2 Normative reference documents
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated referenced documents, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest version (including all amendments) shall apply to this document. GB/T191:2008 Pictorial marking for packaging, storage and transportation (ISO780:1997MOD) GB/T2423.1 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods GB/T2423.2 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods
GB/T2423.4 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products GB/T3784—2009 Electrical terminology radar
Part 2: Test methods
GB/T13384—2008 General technical conditions for packaging of electromechanical products QX/T2—2016 Technical specification for lightning protection of new generation weather radar stations 3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T3784-2009 and the following terms and definitions shall apply to this document. 3.1
X-band Doppler weather radar
X-band Doppler weather radar
Test A: Low temperature
Test B: High temperature
Test Db: Alternating damp heat
A weather radar that works in the X-band and measures echo intensity based on the backscattering principle of water particles in the atmosphere (raindrops, ice crystals, ice buds, snowflakes, etc.) and measures radial velocity and velocity spectrum width based on the Doppler effect. 3.2
in-phase quadrature data
In-phase quadrature data
Time series data obtained after the analog intermediate frequency signal output by the radar receiver is sampled by the digital intermediate frequency and demodulated by the orthogonal demodulation. [QX/T461—2018, definition 3.2]
Basedata
basedata
Data obtained by combining the in-phase orthogonal data with the target position information, radar parameters and signal processing algorithm. [QX/T461—2018. definition 3.3]
minimum detectable signal
Minimum detectable echo intensity
The minimum reflectivity factor that the radar can detect at a certain distance Note 1: It is used to measure the ability of radar to detect weak echoes. The minimum echo intensity value (in dBz) that can be detected at 60km in ISO/DIS19926-1 is used as 1
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as a reference value.
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Note 2: Rewritten from QX/T461—2018, definition 3.5. 3.5
spotblanking
The function of shutting down electromagnetic emission in a specific azimuth/elevation angle range of antenna operation [QX/T461—2018. Definition 3.6]］
Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply to this document.
CSR: Clutter Signal RatioI/Q: In-phase and QuadratureLNA: Low Noise AmplifierMTBF: Mean Time Before FailureMTTR: ​​Mean Time To RepairPPI: Plan Position IndicatorPRF: Pulse Repetition FrequencyRHI: Range Height IndicatorSQI: Signal Quality Index5
General Requirements
5.1 Composition
The radar includes: antenna and feeder, turntable and servo, transmitter, receiver, signal processor, display and control terminal (meteorological product generation software, control and monitoring) and other subsystems, see Figure 1.
Transmitter
Receiver
Servo control
Signal processor
5.2 Functional requirements
General requirements
Should have the following functions:
Measurement and control signals
Internal communication
Automatic, continuous operation and online calibration;
Local and remote status monitoring and control;
Main line, turntable
Radar system
Display and control terminal (meteorological product generation software) control and monitoring)
Figure 1 Block diagram of radar composition
Automatically track targets and adaptively observe according to actual weather conditions;ikAa-cJouakAa
External communication
Remote system
Remote control terminal
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d) Output I/Q data, basic data, meteorological product level 3 data and radar status information. 5.2.2 Control and monitoring
5.2.2.1 Scanning mode
Should meet the following requirements:
QX/T524—2019
a) Support plane position display, distance height display, volume scanning (hereinafter referred to as "volume scanning"), fan scanning and arbitrary pointing scanning modes; scanning azimuth angle, scanning pitch angle, scanning speed, pulse repetition frequency and pulse sampling number can be set through software; b)
c) Support scanning task scheduling function, and can perform program-controlled operation according to preset time period and scanning mode. 5.2.2.2 Observation mode
Should meet the following requirements:
a) It has observation modes such as clear sky, weak precipitation, and severe convection, and can automatically switch the observation mode according to the actual weather conditions; b)
It can track and observe storms in the designated area using appropriate observation modes according to user instructions; it can automatically identify and change the observation mode for disastrous weather, including RHI scanning of ice areas, automatic change of PRF in tornado and cyclone areas to avoid the influence of secondary echoes, and activation of severe convection observation mode for typhoons, etc. 5.2.2.3 The built-in self-test equipment and monitoring shall meet the following requirements: The parameters of the built-in self-test equipment and monitoring include system calibration status, antenna servo status, receiver status, transmitter working status, a) power supply status, feeder voltage standing wave ratio, etc.; b) The built-in self-test equipment has a system alarm function, automatically shuts down in case of serious faults, and automatically stores and uploads basic parameters (see Table A, 1 in Appendix A), working status and system alarms. 5.2.2.4 Radar and accessory equipment control and maintenance The radar should have a performance and status monitoring unit and meet the following requirements: a) It has local and remote monitoring capabilities. The remote control items are the same as the local ones, including radar power on and off, observation mode switching, calibration result viewing, adaptation parameter modification, etc.
Automatically upload basic parameters (see Table A.1 in Appendix A) and accessory equipment status parameters, and can be displayed locally and remotely; b
c) Completely record radar maintenance and repair information, important factory test parameters of key components and replacement information, among which maintenance and repair information includes adaptation parameter changes, software updates, online calibration processes, etc.; d) It has remote support capabilities for radar operation and maintenance, including remote monitoring and modification of radar system parameters, testing of system phase noise, receiver sensitivity, dynamic range and noise coefficient, etc., controlling the antenna for operation test, solar method inspection, pointing to space self-calibration to assist radar absolute calibration, etc.; e) It has remote software upgrade function.
5.2.2.5 Online analysis of key parameters
Should meet the following requirements:
a) Support recording and analysis of the stability and maximum deviation of key parameters such as linear channel calibration constants, continuous wave test signals, RF drive test signals, and RF output test signals; b)
Has the function of alarming for all real-time parameters monitored that exceed the limit; c) Supports storage, playback, statistical analysis, etc. of monitoring parameters and analysis results; 3
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5.2.2.6 Real-time display
Should have the following functions:
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Use multiple screens in the form of data, tables, and graphs to display the working status and parameters of the equipment in quasi-real time; a)
Multi-screen quasi-real-time display of meteorological products at all levels. 5.2.2.7
Blanking function
With blanking zone configuration function.
5.2.2.8 Timing function
Can calibrate the time of radar data acquisition computer through satellite timing or network timing, with timing accuracy better than 0.1s. 5.2.3 Calibration and inspection
It should have automatic online calibration and inspection functions, and generate complete file records, and issue an alarm when the result exceeds the preset threshold. The automatic online calibration and inspection functions include:
Intensity calibration;
Distance positioning;
Transmitter power;
Speed;
Phase noise;
Noise level;
Noise coefficient.
Test interfaces and support functions shall be provided for manual inspection of the following: a)
Transmitter power, output pulse width, output spectrum; transmit and receive branch losses;
Minimum measurable receiver power and dynamic range; antenna base horizontality;
Antenna servo scanning speed error, acceleration, motion response; antenna pointing and receive link gain;
Base data azimuth and elevation angle codes;
Ground clutter suppression capability;
Minimum measurable echo intensity.
Meteorological product generation and display
5.2.4.1 Operation platform
The software runs on a workstation using a mainstream operating system. Meteorological product format
Meet the requirements of meteorological product format documents and product sample files4
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5.2.4.3 Product interaction mode
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Supports full automatic and human-computer interaction to generate products and display. 5.2.4.4 Algorithm configuration parameters
Main meteorological product algorithms have configurable parameters. 5.2.4.5 Data processing capability
Able to process and replay radar base data in real time. 5.2.4.6 Meteorological products
The meteorological products generated should include:
QX/T524—2019
a) Basic meteorological products: intensity PPI, velocity PPI, spectrum width PPI, distance height display, contour plane position display, vertical profile, combined reflectivity, etc.;
Physical quantity products: echo term height, vertical integrated liquid water content, wind shear, accumulated precipitation, etc.: Storm identification products: storm cell identification and tracking, ice ho identification, mesoscale cyclone identification, tornado feature identification, storm structure analysis, etc.;
d) Wind field inversion products: velocity azimuth display, vertical wind profile, wind shear. 5.2.4.7 Product display
Should have the following functions:
Multi-window display of products, supporting mouse linkage; product windows simultaneously display the main observation parameter information; product images can overlay and edit geographic information; data color scale level is not less than 16 levels:
Product images support zooming, moving, animation and other functions; support the mouse to obtain information such as geographic location, altitude and data value; can have geographic information system data storage and transmission that matches the data
Should meet the following requirements:
Support product multi-channel storage and retrieval functions: transmission adopts transmission control protocol/Internet interconnection protocol (TCP/IP protocol); support data compression transmission and storage;
Support base data radial flow transmission, bandwidth is not less than 10Mbps; meteorological product output supports binary and image modes; local data storage time is not less than 6 months. 5.2.6 Radar networking
should have the following functions:
a) The radar has a time-based interface;
Use the network to ensure that the control commands of the central station can be issued to each radar at the same time, and the observation data of each radar can be uploaded to the central station in real time;
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The function of radial flow transmission of basic data;
Each radar can make the specified action within the specified time. d)
5.3 Performance requirements
Overall technical requirements
The radar operating frequency
is 9.3GHz9.The distance range selected within 5GHz should meet the following requirements:
Intensity distance:
Magnetron system: not less than 150km;
Klystron system: not less than 150km;
All solid-state system: not less than 120km.
Speed ​​distance:
Magnetron system: not less than 75km;
Klystron system: not less than 75km;
All solid-state system: not less than 60km.
Spectral width distance:
Magnetron system: not less than 75km;
Klystron system: not less than 75km;
All solid-state system: not less than 60km.
Height: not less than 20km.
Blind zone distance: not more than 150m.
Angle range
Should meet the following requirements:
Azimuth range: 0~360°;
Elevation range: -2°~90°
Intensity range
35dBz~75dBz
Velocity range
-48m/s~48m/s (using velocity defuzzification technology). 5.3.1.6
Spectral width range
0 m/s~16 m/s
Detection allowable error
Should meet the following requirements:
a) Distance:
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