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GB27721999
Forest seed inspection is an important work to provide accurate information about seed quality for seedling cultivation and afforestation. In the late 1970s, according to the needs of forestry production at that time, GB2772-1981 "Forest Seed Inspection Method" was formulated after years of experiments, mainly referring to the 1976 "International Seed Inspection Procedure" of the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) and combining the actual production of forest seeds in my country. After the release and implementation of GB2772-1981, forestry departments at all levels have successively established seed inspection agencies and carried out this work. Through inspection, the quality of seeds used in production is guaranteed, which has played a positive role in creating fast-growing and high-yield forests, consolidating the results of afforestation and greening, and promoting the development of forestry.
Due to the improvement of forest seed management level and production technology, GB2772-1981 is no longer suitable for the needs of the new situation. In order to make the revised standard in line with international standards, the standard was revised according to the content of the text and its appendix of ISTA's 1993 "International Seed Inspection Procedure". The revised standard is equivalent to the international regulations in terms of technical content and writing rules. When revising GB2772-1981, emphasis was placed on consistency with international regulations. Based on its content, the standard "Forest Seed Inspection Method" was renamed "Forest Seed Inspection Regulations". The contents of the two chapters of X-ray measurement and quality inspection certificate are quoted in this regulation; other chapters are quoted on the basis of the original standard content structure. For example, in the sampling chapter, the contents of the instrument, the minimum weight of the sample to be inspected and the sampling method are quoted; in the purity analysis chapter, the contents of the definition, instrument, two and a half samples are quoted; in the germination determination chapter, the definition is quoted, and the germination standard is raised from bud to seedling, so that the germination results of the inspection are closer to the actual field germination. At the same time, the basic structure of the seedling is introduced, and the standards for normal and abnormal seedlings and the weighing germination determination method are stipulated. The original standard germination determination technology stipulates 118 tree species, and 4 tree species are reduced in this revision, and 35 tree species are newly added, totaling 149 tree species. Among the newly added tree species, there are both trees and shrubs, both timber and economic trees, both barren hill afforestation and environmental protection tree species, and greening and beautification tree species; the chapter on vitality determination quoted the content of application scope and principle, added the determination technical conditions of 48 genera and species, and added 26 tree species compared with the original standard vitality determination; the original seed disease and insect pest infection degree determination was renamed as seed health status determination, and the chapter added definitions, principles and procedures; in the chapter on moisture content determination, the contents of definitions, principles, instruments and procedures were quoted; in the chapter on weight determination, the contents of principles and instruments were quoted. In the chapter on quality determination, the contents of definitions, principles, determination tools and procedures were added with reference to the content structure quoted in the above chapters, and the extrusion method in the original standard was deleted, and the tree species for quality identification increased from 53 to 130. The appendix of the original standard was treated as an appendix in accordance with the provisions of GB/T1.1--1993. The appendixes of the standard include the weight table of seed batches and samples, the technical condition table of germination determination, the technical condition table of vitality determination, the schematic diagram of tetrazolium and indigo dyeing, the table of identification of high-quality seeds, the inspection application form, the record table of purity analysis, the record table of germination determination, the record table of vitality determination, the record table of quality determination, the record table of seed health determination, the record table of moisture content determination, the record table of weight determination, and the added seed sample quality inspection certificate and seed batch quality inspection certificate; the comprehensive table of inspection conditions and the schematic diagram of tree and shrub seeds are the suggested appendices. In addition, the chapters in GB2772-1981 that have been proven to be suitable for my country's situation in practice and do not hinder international use are retained, such as the indigo determination and quality determination in the vitality determination. This standard is formulated for the main tree species for afforestation and greening, but from the perspective of operating procedures and inspection methods, even if a certain detail is missing, it is still applicable to forest seeds not mentioned in the standard in principle. From the date of implementation, this standard will replace GB2772-1981 at the same time. Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, and Appendix D of this standard are all appendices to the standard. Appendix E and Appendix F of this standard are suggested appendices. This standard was proposed by the State Forestry Administration.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Forest Seeds. The drafting units of this standard are: Forestry Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangxi Forestry Research Institute, Northeast Forestry University, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shanxi, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, and Beijing Forest Seedling Stations. The main drafters of this standard are: Yu Shulan, Chen Yousheng, Zhao Deming, Yang Guohua, Wu Qiongmei, Weng Yaofu, Chen Enjun, Li Jinwen, and Li Qingmei. 105
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GB2772-1999
Foreword to "International Seed Inspection Procedure"
One of the biggest risks in agriculture is that the seeds sown have no production capacity and cannot produce high yields of the required cultivars. People develop seed inspection to assess seed quality before sowing to minimize this risk. The concept of seed quality is composed of different attributes. These attributes are of great concern to all sectors of the seed industry - seed producers, processors, warehouse managers, farmers, certifying authorities and government departments or agencies responsible for seed management. In all cases, the ultimate goal of testing is to determine the sowing value of seeds.
Seeds are living biological products whose behavior cannot be accurately predicted. This is only possible when testing inanimate or non-living materials. The methods used for seed testing must be based on scientific knowledge of seeds and the experience of seed analysts. The degree of accuracy and reproducibility required will depend on the purpose of the testing. The following text sets out standard definitions and methods for evaluating seeds when dealing with international trade. This purpose requires a high degree of accuracy and reproducibility. When seeds are exchanged across national borders, they may be tested in laboratories in different countries. It is therefore important that all laboratories use standard methods. These standard methods are designed to produce generally consistent results within acceptable limits.
This text is divided into two parts - the regulations and the annexes. The regulations set out the purpose, principles and applicable definitions for each test item, and generally prescribe the procedures and methods to be adopted. The appendix expands on the definitions and describes in detail the procedures and methods specified in the regulations. If the test items listed in this regulation are to be reported using the Association's international seed inspection certificate, they must be strictly followed. This is a mandatory requirement, and the interpretation of any clause of the regulations must be consistent with the expanded content of the corresponding annex to the chapter. It is recommended to adopt this regulation and the annex as much as possible when dealing with seed trade affairs and implementing national regulations on seed quality management within a country. Although it is not necessary to issue an international seed inspection certificate at this time, it should be understood that if you deviate from this internationally recognized text, it will hinder the free flow of seeds between countries. Considering factors such as sowing season, soil type and altitude, the sender of seeds may request an advisory inspection, hoping to assess the value of the seed lot for these special purposes. For this type of inspection, this regulation and the annex can also provide a basic basis, and other technologies introduced in relevant literature can also be referred to better meet the special requirements of this type of inspection. This standard and its annexes are developed for the world's major crops and are, in principle, also applicable to any other cultivated species not mentioned in the text, although not in every detail. 106
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Rules for forest tree seed testing
Rules for forest tree seed testingGB 2772--1999
Replaces GB2772-1981
This standard specifies the principles and methods for sampling, purity analysis, germination determination, vitality determination, quality determination, seed health determination, moisture content determination, weight determination and X-ray determination of afforestation tree seed seeds, and also specifies the content and format of the quality inspection certificate.
This standard applies to the inspection of seed quality carried out by forest tree seed producers, managers and users during seed harvesting, transportation, sowing, storage and domestic and foreign trade.
2 Referenced Standards
The following standards contain provisions that constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB7908--1999 Forest Seed Quality Grading GB/T8170-1987 Numerical Rounding Rules
3 Sampling
3.1 Purpose
Sampling is to extract representative samples in quantities that meet the needs of inspection, in which the probability of the presence of a certain component depends only on the level of the component in the seed batch.
In order to obtain correct and reproducible results in seed inspection, representative initial samples, mixed samples and samples for inspection must be randomly extracted from the seed batch in accordance with the methods specified in this procedure. This is because the number of samples is extremely small compared to the seed batch it should represent. No matter how accurately the inspection work is done, the inspection results can only indicate the quality of the samples for inspection. Therefore, every effort must be made to ensure that the samples for inspection can accurately represent the components of the batch of seeds. Similarly, the inspection agency must also ensure that the samples taken for measurement can represent the samples for inspection. Only in this way can the quality of the seed batch be evaluated through sample inspection.
3.2 Definition
3.2.1 Seed batch
Seeds of the same tree species that meet the following conditions: a) collected within the same county;
b) the same seed collection period;
c) the same processing, conditioning and storage methods;
d) the seeds are fully mixed so that the components of the seed batch are evenly and randomly distributed; e) not exceeding the specified quantity. Extra large seeds such as walnut, chestnut, oak, tung oil tree, etc. are 10,000kg; large seeds such as camellia, apricot, bitter, etc. are 5,000kg; medium seeds such as red pine, Chinese pine, camphor, Elaeagnus angustifolia, etc. are 3,500kg; small seeds such as Chinese pine, larch, fir, locust, etc. are 1,000kg; extra small seeds such as mulberry, paulownia, casuarina, etc. are 250kg. If the weight exceeds the specified 5%, another seed batch is required. Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on November 10, 1999
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3.2.2 Primary sample
GB 2772--1999
A small sample taken from a sampling point of a batch. 3.2.3 Mixed sample
A sample formed by combining and mixing all the roughly equal primary samples taken from a batch. 3.2.4 Sample for inspection
The sample submitted to the inspection agency can be the entire mixed sample or a randomly selected part thereof, but the quantity shall not be less than the minimum quantity specified in Table A1 of Appendix A (see 3.3.3). 3.2.5 Determination sample
A sample taken from the sample for inspection for a certain quality determination. 3.3 Sampling procedures for seed lots
3.3.1 Principles
3.3.1.1 Sampling shall be carried out by personnel who have received sampling training and have experience, and shall be carried out in accordance with the procedures and methods specified in this chapter. 3.3.1.2 Before sampling, the sampling personnel shall check the seed registration form and the relevant stacking and mixing conditions. All containers must be labeled and marked with seed lot numbers. The arrangement of containers or parts of the seed lot should be convenient for sampling. 3.3.1.3 When sampling, there should be evidence that the seed lot has been fully mixed and evenly mixed. If the seed lot is very uneven and the sampling personnel can see differences between bags or primary samples, the sampling should be rejected until it is re-mixed and evenly mixed before sampling. 3.3.1.4 Before the primary samples are mixed, the authenticity of the seeds in each primary sample must be checked to see whether they are consistent in terms of degree of mixing, moisture content, color, gloss, smell and other quality performance. If there is no great difference between the initial samples, the batch of seeds can be considered uniform and can be mixed into a mixed sample.
3.3.1.5 The size of the mixed sample depends on the batch size. The larger the batch, the larger the mixed sample. 3.3.1.6 The sample for inspection can be obtained by reducing the mixed sample to an appropriate size according to the method in 3.4.2; if the size of the mixed sample is already appropriate, it does not need to be reduced and can be directly used as the sample for inspection. 3.3.1.7 Samples for inspection are selected from each seed batch, and the inspection application form is filled in according to Table C1 in Appendix C (Standard Appendix). 3.3.2 Sampling intensity
3.3.2.1 For batches packed in bags (or other containers of the same size and similar capacity), the following sampling intensity shall be regarded as the minimum requirement: Less than 5 bags
6-30 bags
31-400 bags
401 bags or more
Every bag shall be sampled, and at least 5 initial samples shall be taken from 5 bags, or 1 bag shall be sampled from every 3 bags. The higher the number of bags, the higher the sampling intensity. 10 bags or 1 bag for every 5 bags, whichever is greater. 80 bags or 1 bag for every 7 bags, whichever is greater. 3.3.2.2 When sampling from other types of containers or from flowing seeds when dumped into containers, the following sampling intensities shall be regarded as the minimum requirements:
Batch
500kg or less
501 ~3 000 kg
3 001 20 000 kg
More than 20000 kg
3.3.3 Weight of samples to be tested
Number of primary samples to be drawn
At least 5 primary samples
Primary samples for every 300 kg, but not less than 5 primary samplesOne primary sample for every 500 kg, but not less than 10 primary samplesOne primary sample for every 700 kg, but not less than 40 primary samples3.3.3.1 The sample for purity determination shall generally contain at least 2500 pure seeds. The weight of the sample to be tested shall be at least 2-3 times that of the sample for purity determination. The weight of large seeds shall be at least 1000 g, and the number of extra large seeds shall be at least 500. For details, see Appendix A (Standard Appendix). For tree species not listed in Table A1, the weight can be determined by comparing the thousand-seed weight and other conditions with the corresponding tree species in the table. 3.3.3.2 The weight of the sample for seed health determination shall be at least half of the sample specified in 3.3.3.1. The minimum weight of the sample for water content determination is 50g, and the sample that needs to be sliced is 100g. 3.3.3.3 When the inspection agency receives less than the specified number of samples, it shall notify the inspection unit to make up. If the number of samples for inspection is less than the specified number due to the high price of seeds, the inspection agency may also complete the inspection as much as possible, but it shall indicate on the quality inspection certificate that "the weight of the sample for inspection is only ×× grams, which does not meet the requirements of the regulations".
3.3.3.4 The samples for inspection shall be marked according to the batch to prevent mixing. 3.3.4 Extraction of the initial sample
The extraction method of the initial sample is related to the representativeness of the sample. Following the random principle and using the correct sampling technique can reduce errors and improve the representativeness of samples.
Take roughly equal primary samples from each sampling container, or from various parts of the container, or from various parts of a bulk pile.
For seed lots packed in containers (including bags), the sampling containers should be randomly selected from the entire seed lot. Take primary samples from the top, middle and bottom parts of the selected containers, but it is not necessary to take more than one part from each bag. If the seeds are in bulk or in large containers, primary samples should be randomly taken from various parts and depths. For sticky seeds that are not easy to flow, the primary samples can be obtained by hand. For seeds packed in small or anti-mixing containers (such as iron cans or plastic bags), if possible, samples should be taken before or when the seeds are put into the containers. If this is not done, a sufficient number of containers should be opened or pierced to obtain the primary samples. Then the sampled containers should be closed or the seeds should be put into new containers.
3.3.5 Obtaining mixed samples
If the initial samples have the same appearance, they can be combined and mixed into a mixed sample. 3.3.6 Obtaining samples for inspection
Use one of the methods in 3.4.2 to reduce the mixed sample to an appropriate sample size. 3.3.7 Sending samples for inspection
Samples for inspection are sealed and packed in wooden boxes, cloth bags and other containers. Seeds whose wings are not easy to fall off during processing need to be packed in hard containers such as wooden boxes to avoid increasing the proportion of inclusions due to the falling of the wings. Samples for moisture content determination and samples with very low moisture content after drying should be placed in moisture-proof containers that can be sealed and the air should be exhausted as much as possible. Samples for seed health determination should be placed in glass bottles or plastic bottles. Samples for inspection must be filled with two labels, indicating the tree species, inspection application form (see Appendix C Table C1) number and seed batch number, one of which should be placed in the bag and the other hung outside the bag. The samples to be inspected should be sent to the seed inspection agency together with the inspection application form as soon as possible. 3.4 Laboratory sampling method
3.4.1 Minimum weight of sample to be measured
The minimum weight of samples to be measured for each inspection item is specified in the relevant chapters of this regulation. 3.4.2 Obtaining the test sample
The test sample should be the most representative of the sample to be tested, and the number of test samples should be slightly more than the specified number. The method of obtaining the test sample is to fully mix the sample to be tested and repeatedly divide it in half. The following two methods can be used: a) Quartering method
Pour the seeds evenly on a smooth and clean tabletop to form a square. Hold a sample dividing plate in each hand, and slightly raise the seeds from both sides to the middle to make the seeds piled into a rectangle. Then, move the seeds at both ends of the rectangle to the center. Repeat this 3 to 4 times to mix the seeds evenly. Spread the mixed seeds into a square. The thickness of large seeds should not exceed 10cm, the thickness of medium seeds should not exceed 5cm, and the thickness of small seeds should not exceed 3cm. Use the sample dividing plate to divide the seeds into four triangles along the diagonal line, put the seeds of the two opposite triangles into a container for later use, take the seeds of the remaining two opposite triangles and mix them again, and continue to divide them according to the previous method until slightly more than the number of test samples is obtained. b) Sample divider method
Applicable to seeds with small seeds and high fluidity. Before sampling, pass the sample to be tested through the sample divider to divide the seeds into two portions of approximately equal weight. When the weight difference between the two portions of seeds does not exceed 5% of the average weight of the two portions of seeds, the sample divider can be considered correct and can be used; if it exceeds 5%, the sample divider should be adjusted.
When sampling, first pass the sample to be tested through the sample divider three times to mix the seeds thoroughly before taking samples. Take one of the portions and continue to use the sample divider to take samples until the seeds are reduced to a little more than the required amount of the sample for determination. 109
3.5 Sample preservation
GB 2772—1999
3.5.1 After receiving the sample to be tested, the seed inspection agency shall register it according to Appendix E Table E1 and conduct inspection immediately. Samples that cannot be inspected for the time being should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated room or refrigerator to minimize changes in seed quality. The inspection agency shall not be responsible for the deterioration of the stored samples. Seeds with high water content are difficult to store properly and should be inspected as soon as possible. 3.5.2 In order to facilitate re-inspection, the samples submitted for inspection should be stored under appropriate conditions for four months from the date of issuance to minimize changes in seed quality. Seed samples with low water content can be placed in sealed plastic bags and stored for a long time at 3-5°C without changing. Samples submitted for testing for water content and seed health status do not need to be stored after inspection. 4 Purity Analysis
4.1 The weight percentage of pure seeds, other plant seeds and inclusions in the sample submitted for inspection is determined, and the composition of the seed batch is inferred based on this. 4.2 Definitions
4.2.1 Purity
The percentage of the weight of pure seeds in the sample to the total weight of all components of the sample after determination. 4.2.2 Pure seeds
a) Seeds of the species stated by the inspector or the main species found in the analysis (including variants and cultivars of the species), which are complete, undamaged and normally developed seeds; incompletely developed seeds and unrecognizable empty seeds; seeds that have been broken or germinated but still have the ability to germinate.
b) For seeds with wings, if the wings are easy to fall off during processing, the pure seeds refer to the seeds without the wings. If the wings are not easy to fall off during processing, they do not need to be removed. The pure seeds include the wings left on the seeds. Appendix F Table F1 Schematic diagram of tree and shrub seeds can help inspectors make judgments.
c) Whether the pure seeds of Fagaceae include cupules depends on the specific situation of each species: cupules are not included if the cupules are easy to fall off; cupules are included if the cupules are difficult to fall off.
d) Multiple seeds contain at least one seed. 4.2.3 Other plant seeds
Seeds of other plants that are taxonomically different from pure seeds. 4.2.4 Inclusions
a) Clearly identifiable empty kernels, rotten kernels, and seeds that have germinated and thus obviously lost their ability to germinate; b) Severely damaged seeds (more than half of their original size) and naked seeds without seed coats; c) Leaves, scales, bracts, pericarp, seed wings, cupules, seed fragments, soil and other impurities; d) Egg masses, adults, larvae and pupae of insects. 4.2.5 Sticky seeds
Due to the characteristics of structure or texture, these seeds can be divided into: a) easily adhere to each other or to other objects (such as packaging bags, samplers, etc.); b) easily adhere to other plant seeds, or easily adhere to other plant seeds; c) not easy to be cleaned, mixed or sampled.
If the total sticky structure (including sticky impurities) accounts for one-third or more of a sample, the sample is considered to be sticky. For example, Abies, cypress, cedar, cypress, cypress, cryptomeria, fir, larch, spruce, longleaf pine, pine, yellow fir, redwood, giant sequoia, baldcypress, hemlock, genus, Ailanthus, orange wood, birch, hornbeam, catalpa, dianthus, eucalyptus, beech, silver birch, privet, liquidambar, tulipwood, sycamore, bamboo, poplar, toona sinensis, lilac, thuja, tilia, elm, beech, etc. are all sticky seeds. When using the allowable difference table 2 and table 3, the allowable error of the sticky seed column should be used. See Appendix F Table F1 for a schematic diagram of tree and shrub seeds. 4.3 Principles
Standards
GB 2772—1999
The sample to be tested shall be divided into three components: pure seeds, other plant seeds and inclusions, and the weight percentage of each component shall be determined. All plant seeds and various inclusions in the sample shall be identified as much as possible. When the sample contains two or more species that are difficult to distinguish, it is allowed to only fill in the genus name. All seeds of the genus that meet the definition of 4.2.2 are pure seeds.
4.4 Procedures
4.4.1 Samples to be tested
a) When the sample to be tested contains large or large inclusions, necessary cleaning and weighing shall be carried out after weighing the sample and before taking the sample to be tested. Take the sample to be tested from the sample to be tested after preliminary cleaning for purity determination. b) The minimum amount of the sample to be tested for purity analysis is specified in Table A1 of Appendix A. Except for the large seeds, which are at least 500 seeds, other tree species are usually required to contain at least 2500 pure seeds. c) The sample can be a sample (full sample) of the weight specified in Table A1 of Appendix A, or two samples (two "half samples") of at least half of this weight. If necessary, it can also be two full samples. d) In order to calculate the percentage to one decimal place, the weighing accuracy requirements of the total sample and its various components are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Weighing accuracy of the overall sample and each component of the purity analysis Sample weight·g
(full sample or "half sample")
1.000 0 or less
1.000~9.999
10. 00 ~~99. 99
100. 0~~999. 9
1000 or more than 1000
Weigh to decimal places
(full sample or "half sample" and its components)4
e) When using the weighing germination method for inspection, it is not necessary to measure the purity. If there are large impurities, it can be handled according to a). 4.4.2 Separation
After the sample is weighed, separate the various components according to 4.2, weigh them according to the accuracy required by 4.4.1d), and fill in Appendix C Table C2.
4.5 Calculation of results
4.5.1 The difference between the original weight of the whole sample and the weight of the pure seeds, other plant seeds and inclusions after the purity analysis shall not exceed 5% of the original weight, otherwise it shall be redone.
4.5.2 When two "half samples" are used, the weight of all components of each "half sample" shall be added together. If the difference with the original weight exceeds 5% of the original weight, two more "half samples" shall be analyzed. 4.5.3 Calculate the percentage of the weight of each component of the two "half samples" or two full samples to the sum of the weights of all components (at least two decimal places shall be retained), and check whether the difference between the analysis results of each component of the two full samples and two "half samples" exceeds the allowable difference according to the provisions of 4.5.4, 4.5.5 and 4.5.6. If each component is within the allowable range, the average weight percentage of each component can be calculated and reported in the quality inspection certificate.
If the analysis result of any component exceeds the allowable difference, the following procedures shall be followed: 4.5.3.1 In the case of using "half samples", analyze another pair of "half samples" (but not more than four pairs in total) until the differences in each component of a pair of "half samples" are within the allowable range. Discard the paired samples whose component differences exceed twice the allowable difference, and calculate the average percentage of each component based on the data of the remaining pairs. 4.5.3.2 Where two full samples are used, analyse one more sample. As long as the difference between the highest and lowest values does not exceed twice the tolerance, report the average of the three analyses. This is unless one of the results is clearly due to error rather than random sample error, in which case the erroneous result is discarded. 4.5.4 Table 2 is used for comparison of repeated results of clarity analysis of the same sample submitted for inspection in the same laboratory, and is applicable to any component. When using it, first find the corresponding row in column 1 or column 2 according to the average of the two analysis results, and find the corresponding tolerance from one of columns 3 to 6, depending on whether the seeds are sticky seeds and whether the analysis is a half sample or a full sample. 4.5.5 Table 3 is used for the clarity analysis of two different samples submitted for inspection from the same batch. The two analyses may be carried out in the same or different laboratories, and is used when the second analysis result is lower than the first analysis result. It is applicable to any component. When using, first find the corresponding row in column 1 or column 2 according to the average of the two analysis results, and then find the corresponding allowable difference in column 3 or column 4 according to whether the seed is sticky seed.
4.5.6 Table 4 is applicable to the clarity analysis of two different samples submitted for inspection from the same batch. The two analyses can be carried out in the same or different laboratories. It is applicable to the comparison of any components in the clarity analysis to determine whether the two estimated values are consistent. When using, first find the corresponding row in column 1 or column 2 according to the average of the two analysis results, and then find the corresponding allowable difference in column 3 or column 4 according to whether the seed is sticky seed.
Table 2 Tolerable difference in clarity analysis of samples sent for inspection in the same laboratory (two-tailed determination at 5% significance level) Average of two analysis results
50% ~100%
99. 95 -~ 100. 00
99. 90~99. 94
99. 85-99. 89
99. 80~~ 99. 84
99. 75~~99. 79
99. 70 ~ 99. 74
99. 65~99. 69
99. 60~99. 64
99. 55 ~~99. 59
99. 50~ 99. 54 | 99 | |tt | 49
97. 00 ~ 97. 24
96. 50~96. 99
96. 00~~96. 49
95.5095.99
95. 00~~95. 49
94. 00~94.99
93. 00~~93. 99
92. 00~~ 92. 99
91. 00 ~~ 91. 99
90. 00 ~ 90. 99
0.00～0.04
0. 05 ~ 0. 09
0. 10～0. 14
0.15～0.19
0.20~0.24
0. 25 ~~0. 29
0. 30~0.34
0.35~0.39
0. 40~~0. 44
0.45~0.49
0.50~0.59
0.60~~0.69
0. 70~0. 79
0.80~~0.89
0. 90~0. 99
1. 00~1.24
1. 25~~1. 49
1.50～1.74
1.75~1.99
2. 00 ~~2. 24
2. 25~2. 49
2. 50~~2. 74
2.75~~2.99
3.00~3. 49
3.50~~3.99
4.00~~4.49
4.50~4.99
5. 00~5. 99
6.00~6.99
7. 00~7. 99
8.00~~8.99
9. 00~9. 99
Allowable difference between different determinations
Half sample
Non-sticky seeds
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Full sample
Non-sticky seeds
Sticky seeds
Average of two analysis results
50%~100%
88. 00~89. 99
86. 00 ~ 87. 99
84. 00~~85. 99
82. 00~83. 99
80.00~81.99
78. 00~79. 99
76. 00~77. 99
74. 00~75. 99
72. 00~73. 99
70. 00~~71. 99
65. 00~~69. 99
60. 00~64. 99
50.00~59.99
50% ~100%
99. 95 ~~ 100. 00
99. 90~99. 99
99. 85 ~99. 89
99. 80~- 99. 84
99.75~99.79
99. 70 ~ 99. 74 | | tt | | 99. 65 ~ ~ 99. 69 | | tt | | 99. 60 ~ ~ 99. 64 | | tt | | 99.55 ~ 99.59 | 30~99. 39
99.20~99. 29
99. 10~~ 99. 19
99.00~~99. 09
98. 75~98. 99
98. 50~98. 74
98. 25 ~~98. 49
98. 00 ~ 98. 24
97. 75 ~ 97. 99
97.5097.74
97. 25 ~ 97. 49
97. 00~~ 97. 24
10. 00~11. 99
12. 00~~13. 99
14.00~~15.99
16. 00~17. 99
18. 00~~19. 99
20. 00~21. 99
22. 00~~23. 99
24. 00~~ 25. 99
26. 00~27. 99
28. 00~29. 99
30.00~34. 99
35. 00~~ 39. 99
40.0049.99
GB 2772 --- 1999
Table 2 (end)
Tolerance between different determinations
Non-sticky seeds
Sticky seeds
Non-sticky seeds
Tolerance of purity analysis of different samples submitted for inspection by the same or different laboratoriesTable 3
(For two full samples, one-tail determination at 1% significance level)Average of two results
0. 00 ~~ 0. 04
0. 05～ 0. 09
0. 10~0. 14
0.15～0.19
0. 20~0.24
0.25~0. 29
0. 30~0. 34
0.35～0.39
0. 40~~0. 44
0.45~~0.49
0.50~0.59
0.60~0.69
0. 70~~0. 79
0. 80~0. 89 | | tt | 49
2. 50~2. 74
2. 75 ~2. 99
Standard Soling
Non-sticky seeds
No standard parade free
Allowable gap
Sticky seeds
Sticky seeds
50%~100%
96. 50~96.99
96.00~96. 49
95. 50~~95. 99
95. 00~95. 49
94. 00 ~~94. 99
93. 00~~93. 99
92. 00 ~ 92. 99
91. 00 ~ ~ 91. 99 | | tt | | 90. 00 ~ 90. 99 | | tt | 00~~81. 99
78. 00~79. 99
76. 00 ~~77. 99
74. 00~75. 99
72.00~~73.99
70. 00~~71. 99
65. 00~69. 99 | |tt | 80~99.84
99. 75 ~~99. 79
99. 70~~99. 74
99. 65~99. 69
99.60~-99.64
99. 55~99. 59
99. 50~~99. 54 | |tt | 2772 —
Table 3 (End)
Non-viscous seeds
3.00~3.49
4.00~4.49
4.50~4.99
5. 00~~5. 99
6. 00~~6. 99
7. 00~~7. 99
8. 00~~8. 99
9. 00 ~~ 9. 99
10. 00~~ 11. 99
12. 00~13. 99
14. 00 ~15. 99
16. 00~17.99
18. 00~19. 99
20. 00~21. 99
22.00~23. 99
24. 00~25. 99
26. 00~~27. 99
28. 00~29. 99
30.00~34.99
35.00～39.99
40.00~~49.99
Tolerance
Tolerance of purity analysis of different samples submitted for inspection in the same or different laboratories (for two full samples, two-tailed determination at 1% significance level) Average of two results
0. 00~0. 04
0. 05~0. 09
0.10~0.14
0.15~0. 19
0. 20~0. 24
0.25~0.29
0.30~~0.34
0. 35~0. 39
0.40~~0.44
0.45~~0.49
0. 50~~0. 59
0.60~0.69
0. 70~0. 79
0.90~0.99
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Non-viscous seed
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Allowable gap
Viscous seed
Viscous seed
50%~100%
98. 75 ~ 98. 99
98. 50 ~ 98. 74
98. 25 -~ 98. 49
98. 00 ~ 98. 24
97. 75 -~97. 99
97. 50~97.74
97. 25 ~~97. 49
97. 00 ~~ 97. 24bZxz.net
96. 50 ~ 96. 99 | | tt | | 96. 00 ~ ~ 96. 49 | 00~-92. 99 | | tt | 99
80. 00~~81. 99
78. 00 -- 79. 99
76. 00~~ 77. 99
74. 00~75.99
72. 00 ~-73. 99
70.00~~71.99
65. 00~~69.99
60.00-64.99
50.00~~59.99
4.5.7 Calculation method
Average of two results
GB 2772 - 1999
Table 4 (end)
Non-sticky seeds
1.00~1.24
1.25~1.49
1.50~1.74
1.75 ~1.99
2.00 ~~2.24
2.25~2.49
2.50~2.74
2.75 ~~ 2. 99
3.50~~3.99
4. 00~4.49
4.50~4.99
5.00~5. 99
6. 00 ~6. 99
7. 00~7. 99
8.00~8.99
9. 00~~9. 99
10. 00~~11. 99
12.00~13. 99
14. 00~15. 99
16. 00~ 17. 99
18.00~19.99
20. 00~~21.99
22. 00~~23. 99
24. 00~25. 99
26. 00~~ 27. 99
28. 00 -~~ 29. 99
30. 00~34. 99
35.00~39.99
40.00~49.99
4.5.7.1 The purity of the sample to be tested is calculated using formula (1): Purity (%) =
Allowable difference
Pure seed weight
Pure seed weight + other plant seed weight + inclusion weight X 100
4.5.7.2 The purity of the sample to be tested after cleaning is calculated using formula (2) and formula (3): Purity of sample to be tested (%) = Weight of the sample to be tested after large impurities are removed × 100 Weight of sample to be tested
Purity (%) - Purity of sample to be tested × Purity of sample to be tested Viscous seeds
4.5.7.3 The calculation method for the weight percentage of other plant seeds and the weight percentage of inclusions is the same as the calculation method for the weight percentage of pure seeds (i.e. purity).
4.6 Result Report
Each component in the purity analysis should be calculated to two decimal places, and when filling in the quality inspection certificate, it should be rounded to one decimal place according to GB/T8170. Components less than 0.05% should be reported as "trace", and if the component is zero, it should be indicated by "…0.0—". The sum of the components of the measured sample must be 115
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100%. When the sum is 99.9% and 100.1%, 0.1% can be added or subtracted from the maximum percentage (usually the pure seed part). If the rounded value exceeds 0.1%, the calculation should be checked for errors. 5 Germination test
5.1
The maximum germination potential of a seed batch is measured under standard indoor conditions so that the test results can be reproduced within the range closest to random sample variation, thereby comparing the quality of different seed batches and estimating their inter-sowing value. 5.2 Definitions
5.2.1 Germination
Indoor test - The germination of a seed refers to the emergence and growth of a seedling to a certain stage, and the condition of its basic structure indicates whether it can further grow into a qualified seedling under normal field conditions. 5.2.2 Germination rate
The germination rate reported on the quality inspection certificate is the percentage of seeds that produce normal seedlings under the conditions and within the specified period specified in Table B1 of Appendix B to the total number of seeds for inspection. 5.2.3 Basic structure of seedlings
The structure that is essential for the seedling to continue to grow into a qualified seedling. Depending on the species tested, the seedlings consist of a specific combination of the following basic structures: root system, hypocotyl, cotyledon, primary leaf, terminal bud, and bud sheath of Gramineae and Palmaceae. 5.2.4 Normal seedlings
Seedlings that show the potential to continue to grow into qualified seedlings under good soil, suitable water, temperature and light conditions. Seedlings that meet one of the following categories can be classified as normal: a) Complete seedlings: The basic structures of the tree species are all complete, well-proportioned, healthy and growing well; b) Seedlings with minor defects: Seedlings with some minor defects in the basic structures of the tree species, but other aspects are normal and balanced, and are comparable to other aspects of the complete seedlings in the same test; c) Seedlings with secondary infections: Seedlings that obviously belong to the above a) or b) categories but are infected with fungi or bacteria, provided that the seeds are not the source of infection.
5.2.5 Abnormal seedlings
Seedlings that show no potential and cannot grow into qualified seedlings under good soil, water, temperature and light conditions. There are three types of abnormal seedlings:
a) Damaged seedlings: seedlings that are missing any basic structure, or are severely damaged and cannot be restored to normal, and cannot be expected to grow in a balanced manner; b) Deformed seedlings or unbalanced seedlings: seedlings with weak growth or physiological disorders, or deformed or unbalanced basic structures; c) Rotten seedlings: seedlings that have stopped growing normally due to primary infection (i.e. the seed is the source of infection), any basic structure of the tree species is infected or rotten.
For example, seedlings with any of the following conditions are abnormal seedlings: a) Primary roots: growth stagnation, stubby, missing, broken, cracked from the top, constricted, thin, bound in the seed coat, negative geotropism, glassy, rotted due to primary infection, seeds of grass plants have no seminal roots or only one weak seminal root; b) Hypocotyl, epicotyl and mesocotyl: stubby, deep transverse cracks or broken, completely longitudinal cracks, missing, constricted, extremely twisted, bent downward, ring-shaped or spiral-shaped, thin, glassy, rotted due to primary infection; c) Cotyledons (the following defects occupy more than half of the area of the cotyledon as abnormal, and only half or less than half as normal, called "50% standard" "But as long as the damage or decay appears at the junction of the cotyledon with the mid-axis of the seedling or near the stem tip, the seedling is considered an abnormal seedling, and the 50% rule is not considered in this case.): swollen or curled, deformed, broken or otherwise damaged, separated or missing, discolored, necrotic, glassy, and decayed due to primary infection; d) primary leaves: deformed, damaged, missing, discolored, necrotic, normal in appearance but less than one-fourth of the normal size, and decayed due to primary infection;
e) terminal buds and surrounding tissues: deformed, damaged, missing, and decayed due to primary infection (if the terminal bud is defective or missing, even if Ht
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5.2.1 Germination
Indoor test - Germination of a seed means that the seedling appears and grows to a certain stage, and the condition of its basic structure indicates whether it can further grow into a qualified seedling under normal field conditions. 5.2.2 Germination rate
The germination rate reported on the quality inspection certificate is the percentage of seeds that produce normal seedlings under the conditions and within the specified period in Appendix B Table B1 to the total number of seeds for inspection. 5.2.3 Basic structure of seedlings
Structures that are essential for seedlings to continue to grow into qualified seedlings. Depending on the tree species inspected, the seedlings are composed of a specific combination of the following basic structures: root system, hypocotyl, cotyledon, primary leaf, terminal bud and bud sheath of Gramineae and Palmaceae. 5.2.4 Normal seedlings
Seedlings that show the potential to continue to grow into qualified seedlings under good soil, suitable water, temperature and light conditions. Seedlings that meet one of the following categories can be classified as normal: a) Complete seedlings: The basic structures of the tree species are all complete, well-proportioned, healthy and growing well; b) Seedlings with minor defects: Seedlings with some minor defects in the basic structures of the tree species, but other aspects are normal and balanced in growth, comparable to other aspects of the complete seedlings in the same test; c) Seedlings with secondary infections: Seedlings that obviously belong to the above categories a) or b) but are infected by fungi or bacteria, provided that the seed is not the source of infection.
5.2.5 Abnormal seedlings
Seedlings that show no potential and cannot grow into qualified seedlings under good soil, water, temperature and light conditions. There are three types of abnormal seedlings:
a) Damaged seedlings: seedlings that are missing any basic structure, or are severely damaged and cannot recover to normal, and cannot be expected to grow in a balanced manner; b) Deformed or unbalanced seedlings: seedlings with weak growth or physiological disorders, or deformed or unbalanced basic structures; c) Rotten seedlings: seedlings that have stopped growing normally due to primary infection (i.e. the seed is the source of infection), any basic structure of the species is infected or rotten.
For example, seedlings with any of the following conditions are abnormal seedlings: a) Primary roots: growth stagnation, stubby, missing, broken, cracked from the top, constricted, thin, bound in the seed coat, negative geotropism, glassy, rotted due to primary infection, seeds of grass plants have no seminal roots or only one weak seminal root; b) Hypocotyl, epicotyl and mesocotyl: stubby, deep transverse cracks or broken, completely longitudinal cracks, missing, constricted, extremely twisted, bent downward, ring-shaped or spiral-shaped, thin, glassy, rotted due to primary infection; c) Cotyledons (the following defects occupy more than half of the area of the cotyledon as abnormal, and only half or less than half as normal, called "50% standard" "But as long as the damage or decay appears at the junction of the cotyledon with the mid-axis of the seedling or near the stem tip, the seedling is considered an abnormal seedling, and the 50% rule is not considered in this case.): swollen or curled, deformed, broken or otherwise damaged, separated or missing, discolored, necrotic, glassy, and decayed due to primary infection; d) primary leaves: deformed, damaged, missing, discolored, necrotic, normal in appearance but less than one-fourth of the normal size, and decayed due to primary infection;
e) terminal buds and surrounding tissues: deformed, damaged, missing, and decayed due to primary infection (if the terminal bud is defective or missing, even if Ht
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行业科免费下载2 Definitions
5.2.1 Germination
Indoor test - Germination of a seed means that the seedling appears and grows to a certain stage, and the condition of its basic structure indicates whether it can further grow into a qualified seedling under normal field conditions. 5.2.2 Germination rate
The germination rate reported on the quality inspection certificate is the percentage of seeds that produce normal seedlings under the conditions and within the specified period in Appendix B Table B1 to the total number of seeds for inspection. 5.2.3 Basic structure of seedlings
Structures that are essential for seedlings to continue to grow into qualified seedlings. Depending on the tree species inspected, the seedlings are composed of a specific combination of the following basic structures: root system, hypocotyl, cotyledon, primary leaf, terminal bud and bud sheath of Gramineae and Palmaceae. 5.2.4 Normal seedlings
Seedlings that show the potential to continue to grow into qualified seedlings under good soil, suitable water, temperature and light conditions. Seedlings that meet one of the following categories can be classified as normal: a) Complete seedlings: The basic structures of the tree species are all complete, well-proportioned, healthy and growing well; b) Seedlings with minor defects: Seedlings with some minor defects in the basic structures of the tree species, but other aspects are normal and balanced in growth, comparable to other aspects of the complete seedlings in the same test; c) Seedlings with secondary infections: Seedlings that obviously belong to the above categories a) or b) but are infected by fungi or bacteria, provided that the seed is not the source of infection.
5.2.5 Abnormal seedlings
Seedlings that show no potential and cannot grow into qualified seedlings under good soil, water, temperature and light conditions. There are three types of abnormal seedlings:
a) Damaged seedlings: seedlings that are missing any basic structure, or are severely damaged and cannot recover to normal, and cannot be expected to grow in a balanced manner; b) Deformed or unbalanced seedlings: seedlings with weak growth or physiological disorders, or deformed or unbalanced basic structures; c) Rotten seedlings: seedlings that have stopped growing normally due to primary infection (i.e. the seed is the source of infection), any basic structure of the species is infected or rotten.
For example, seedlings with any of the following conditions are abnormal seedlings: a) Primary roots: growth stagnation, stubby, missing, broken, cracked from the top, constricted, thin, bound in the seed coat, negative geotropism, glassy, rotted due to primary infection, seeds of grass plants have no seminal roots or only one weak seminal root; b) Hypocotyl, epicotyl and mesocotyl: stubby, deep transverse cracks or broken, completely longitudinal cracks, missing, constricted, extremely twisted, bent downward, ring-shaped or spiral-shaped, thin, glassy, rotted due to primary infection; c) Cotyledons (the following defects occupy more than half of the area of the cotyledon as abnormal, and only half or less than half as normal, called "50% standard" "But as long as the damage or decay appears at the junction of the cotyledon with the mid-axis of the seedling or near the stem tip, the seedling is considered an abnormal seedling, and the 50% rule is not considered in this case.): swollen or curled, deformed, broken or otherwise damaged, separated or missing, discolored, necrotic, glassy, and decayed due to primary infection; d) primary leaves: deformed, damaged, missing, discolored, necrotic, normal in appearance but less than one-fourth of the normal size, and decayed due to primary infection;
e) terminal buds and surrounding tissues: deformed, damaged, missing, and decayed due to primary infection (if the terminal bud is defective or missing, even if Ht
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