GB 18565-2001 Comprehensive performance requirements and test methods for commercial vehicles
Some standard content:
GI18565—2001
10.1, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 12.5, 12.9 of this standard are recommended, and the rest are mandatory. This standard is formulated based on the national policies and regulations on safety, energy conservation, environmental protection, and relevant provisions on the technical management of automobile transportation vehicles in my country, with reference to the relevant standards of advanced countries, and combined with the actual situation of my country's operating vehicles. Requirements for the transition period of implementation of this standard:
) 6.11 The requirements for vehicles to install anti-lock braking devices will be implemented for new vehicles put into operation from October 1, 2003. b) 6.13.2 The requirements for emergency braking will be implemented for new vehicles put into operation from the 13th month after the release of this standard. c) 7.4.2 The requirements for automobile wheel alignment will be implemented from the 13th month after the release of this standard. d) 7.G The requirements for suspension characteristics will be implemented from the 19th month after the release of this standard. e) 9.1.1 and 9.1.2 are consistent with the requirements of the corresponding national standards for the control of automobile exhaust pollutants. This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Automobile Maintenance Standardization. The responsible drafting unit of this standard is the Highway Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport. Participating drafting units of this standard are: Road Transport Bureau of Shandong Provincial Department of Transport, Transportation Administration Bureau of Liaoning Provincial Department of Transport, Highway Transport Administration Bureau of Xi'an Provincial Department of Transport, Jiangsu Provincial Automobile Comprehensive Performance Testing Center Station (Nantong), Ning Provincial Automobile Comprehensive Performance Testing Center Station (Dalian). The main drafters of this standard are: Zhou Tianyou, Zhang Xueli, Zhu Zhenye, Jin Chengren, Gong Junji, Jin Songlin, and Zhang Qishengdu. 145
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Multiple performance requirements and detecting methods for commercial vehicles GB 18565—2001
This standard specifies the basic technical requirements and detection methods for the power, fuel economy, braking, steering control, lighting and signal installation and other electrical equipment, emission and noise control, sealing, and vehicle equipment of commercial vehicles. This standard is applicable to commercial vehicles, and non-commercial vehicles can refer to it. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. GB/T1496—1979 Motor vehicle noise measurement method GB/T3845—1993 Measurement of exhaust pollutants from gasoline vehicles - Speed method GB/T3846—1993 Measurement of free acceleration smoke density of diesel vehicles - Filter paper smoke density method GB 4785—1998 Provisions for the installation of external lighting and signal devices for motor vehicles and trailers (eqVECE-481995) GB7258—1997 Technical conditions for motor vehicle operation safety GJ3/T7607—1995 Diesel engine oil change index GR/T8028—1994 Gasoline engine oil change index Test method for rainproof sealing of passenger cars CB/T 12480—1990 GB/F 12545—1990 GB 12676—1999 GB 13392
GB/T14365
GB/T 18276
Test method for fuel consumption of automobile
Structure, performance and test method of automobile brake system (caVTSOECE13)Marking of vehicles for road transport of dangerous goods
GB 18285—2000
AcousticsMethod for measuring stationary noise of motor vehicles (ncgISO5130:1982)Test method and evaluation index of bench test of dynamic performance of automobileExhaust pollutants in use and test method (ncqEPA.AARSPD-M:1996)GB 18352.1-—2001
GB 18352. 2—2001
QC/T476—1999
3 Definitions
Light-duty vehicle pollutant emission limits and measurement methods (1) Light-duty vehicle pollutant emission limits and measurement methods (I) Passenger vehicle airtightness limits
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Commercial vehicle Commercial vehicle A commercial vehicle used for road passenger and freight transport. Approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China on December 13, 2001. 144
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Implementation on August 1, 2002
4 Power
4.1 Engine performance
GB 18565—2001
4.1.1 The engine should have good power performance, semi-steady operation and stable idling speed. 4.1.2 The engine should have good starting performance and can be started by the driver in the driving seat when the vehicle is placed at: gasoline engine at not less than -5℃:, diesel engine at not less than 5℃, when started with a starter, it should be able to start within 5 minutes at least once in the first start. When doing repeated starting tests, there should be 2 minutes between each start. 4.1.3 The compression pressure of each cylinder of the engine shall not be less than 85% of the original design value: the difference between the pressure of each cylinder and the average pressure of each cylinder: the gasoline engine shall not be greater than 8%, and the diesel engine shall not be greater than 10%. 4.1.4 The components of the engine ignition, fuel supply, lubrication cooling and exhaust systems shall be complete and have good performance. 4.1.5 The diesel engine shutdown device must be flexible and effective. 4.2 Vehicle dynamics
4.2.1 According to the provisions of GB/T18276, the vehicle dynamics can be evaluated by testing the output power of the vehicle drive wheel using a chassis dynamometer. 4.2.2 Drive wheel output power test 1. The working condition adopts the working condition of the rated torque and rated power of the automobile engine, that is, the working condition consisting of the direct gear (when there is no direct gear, it refers to the gear with the transmission ratio closest to 1) corresponding to the full load of the engine and the rated torque speed and rated power speed. 4.2.3 Under the test conditions of 4.2.2, the percentage of the corrected drive wheel output power and the corresponding engine total output power is used as the limit of the drive wheel output power.
Ivu = Pvsu/Pr
nvp Pvn/I
Wherein: vz
The percentage of the corrected drive wheel output power of the vehicle under rated torque conditions to the rated torque power, %; The percentage of the corrected drive wheel output power of the vehicle under rated power conditions to the rated power, %; The corrected drive wheel output power of the vehicle under rated torque conditions, kW; The corrected drive wheel output power of the vehicle under rated power conditions, kW; The output power of the engine under rated torque conditions, kW; The rated power of the engine, kW.
The limits of the corrected drive wheel output power of domestically produced commercial vehicles are listed in Table 1. Other vehicles may refer to this for implementation. Table 1 Limits of vehicle drive wheel output power
Rated torque working condition
Vehicle category
Truck
Vehicle model
1010, 1020 series
1030, 1040 series
1055, 1060 series
1075, 1086 series
1090 series
Gasoline vehicle
Gasoline vehicle
Diesel vehicle
Gasoline vehicle
Diesel vehicle
Diesel vehicle
Gasoline vehicle||tt| |Diesel vehicle
Inspection speed
Correction of drive wheel output
Power/rated torque
Power limit
Rated power condition
First gear
Inspection speed
（2）
Correction of drive wheel output
Power/rated power
Automobile category
Cargo vehicle
Semi-train 1;
Automobile model
00 series
1120130 series
1140,1150,1160 series
1176,1190 series
10 t flat-hook train series
15 [,20[Semi-trailer train series
25/semi-trailer train series
6600 series
6700 series
6800 series
6900 series
6100 series
6110 series
6120 series
Xiali, Fukang
Santana
Diesel car
Diesel car
Vehicle Oil car
Diesel car
Diesel car
Diesel car
Gasoline car
Diesel car
Gasoline car
Diesel car
Gasoline car
Diesel car
Gasoline car
Diesel car
Gasoline car
Diesel car
Gasoline car
Diesel car
Gasoline car
Diesel car
Gasoline car
Diesel car
GB 18565—2001
Table 1 (end)
Rated torque working condition
Direct gear
Test speed
55/632
Correction of drive wheel output
Power/rated torque power
Limit m
Rated power working condition
Direct gear
Test speed
Correction of drive wheel output
Power/rated power
Note: The allowable value of drive wheel output power for 5010 to 5040 series trucks and tank trucks is reduced by 2% from the allowable value of ordinary trucks in the same series; the allowable value of drive wheel output power for other series of van trucks and tank trucks is reduced by 4% from the allowable value of ordinary trucks in the same series. 1) Semi-trailer trains are classified by load mass
2) Parameter value for the vehicle when the gearshift is in the third gear. 4.2.4 Qualified conditions for dynamic performance
TWm 2 7m
Wherein: m
** ( 4)
Permitted value of the percentage of the corrected drive wheel output power of the vehicle under rated torque conditions to the rated torque power; % Permitted value of the percentage of the corrected drive wheel output power of the vehicle under rated power conditions to the rated power, %. -rKAONrKAca-
GB 18565—2001
4.2.5 The dynamic performance of a passenger car shall be tested and evaluated under the rated torque conditions, and other vehicles shall be tested and evaluated under one of the two qualified conditions specified in 4.2.4.
5 Fuel economy
The fuel consumption per 100 kilometers measured by the test method specified in 12.2 shall not be greater than 110% of the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers specified by the manufacturer for the vehicle model.
6 Braking performance
6.1 The vehicle shall have service brake, emergency brake and parking brake functions. 6.2 The self-travel of the brake pedal of the service brake system shall meet the relevant technical conditions specified by the manufacturer of the vehicle. 6.3 The pedal force of the service brake when producing the maximum braking effect shall not exceed 500 N for passenger cars with less than or equal to 9 seats, and shall not exceed 10700 N for other vehicles. 6.4 The pedal stroke (including idle stroke, the same below) of the hydraulic service brake shall not exceed 3/4 of the full stroke when the specified braking effect is achieved; the pedal stroke of vehicles equipped with a dynamic clearance adjustment device shall not exceed 4/5 of the full stroke, and the pedal stroke of passenger cars with less than or equal to 9 seats shall not exceed 120 mm, and other types of vehicles shall not exceed 150 mm. 6.5 The parking brake shall enable the vehicle to stop on the uphill and downhill slopes even without the driver. The driver must be in the seat to achieve the parking brake. Force applied to the parking brake operating device: when operated by hand, the force should not exceed 100N for passenger cars with less than or equal to 9 seats, and should not exceed 600N for other vehicles; when operated by foot, the force should not exceed 500N for passenger cars with less than or equal to 9 seats, and should not exceed 700N for other vehicles.
6.6 The parking brake operating device must have sufficient reserve travel, and should generally produce the specified braking performance within 2/3 of the full travel of the operating device. When the parking brake mechanism is equipped with an automatic adjustment device, it is allowed to achieve the specified braking efficiency within 3/4 of the full travel. The ratchet or brake operating device should ensure that the number of reciprocating pulls of the operating lever shall not exceed three times when the specified braking efficiency is achieved. The parking brake is locked by a purely mechanical device. It is not permitted to use hydraulic, pneumatic or electric drive to obtain the specified parking brake performance. 6.7 (The pneumatic brake system must be equipped with a pressure limiting device to ensure that the air pressure in the air reservoir does not exceed the maximum allowable air pressure. 6-8 Vehicles with pneumatic brake systems. The engine is at 75% of the rated power speed. The pressure of the pressure gauge should rise from zero to the starting pressure (the starting pressure at the end is calculated as 400kP).
6.9 The vehicle's service brake must be dual-line or multi-line. 6.10 During the operation of the vehicle, there should be no self-braking phenomenon. When the trailer is accidentally separated from the tractor, the trailer should be able to brake by itself, and the tractor's brakes are still effective.
6.11 Requirements for the installation of vehicle braking devices are in accordance with 4.2.20 and 4.3.13 of GB 12676-1999. 6.12 The failure alarm device of the rollover system shall be effective. 6.13 Test bench test (hereinafter referred to as "test bench") Braking performance 6.13.1 Driving braking performance
6.13.1.1 The braking force measured on the brake test bench shall comply with the provisions of Table 2. Table 2 Test bench force requirements
Total braking force \ and percentage of vehicle weight / not empty
1) The test under empty and full load conditions shall meet this requirement 6.13.1.2 Braking air pressure and brake pedal force requirements during test bench) Full load test
Percentage of axle braking force and axle load /%
Air brake system: The indicated air pressure of the air pressure gauge ≤ the rated working air pressure, rear axle
GB 18565 2001
Hydraulic brake system: Pedal force, passenger car with less than or equal to 9 seats ≤500 N, other vehicles ≤700N.
b) No-load inspection
Pneumatic brake system: pressure gauge indicated pressure s600kPa; hydraulic brake system pedal force, passenger car with less than or equal to 9 seats ≤400N; other vehicles ≤450N. bZxz.net
6.13.1.3 Braking force balance requirements
The ratio of the maximum value of the left and right wheel braking force difference measured during the braking force growth process to the larger of the left and right wheel maximum braking force of the axle measured during the whole process shall not be greater than 20% for the front axle; for the rear axle: when the rear axle braking force is greater than or equal to 60K of the rear axle load, it shall not be greater than 24K; when the rear axle braking force is less than 60% of the rear axle load, the left and right wheel braking force measured simultaneously during the whole process of braking force growth shall not be greater than 24K; when the rear axle braking force is less than 60% of the rear axle load, the left and right wheel braking force measured simultaneously during the whole process of braking force growth shall not be greater than 24K. The maximum value of the force difference shall not exceed 8% of the rear axle load.
6.13.1.4 Automobile brake coordination time (referring to the time required from the pedal to the braking force reaching 75% of the braking force specified in Table 2 when the brake is pressed suddenly): for vehicles with hydraulic brake system, it shall not exceed 0.355; for vehicles with pneumatic brake system, it shall not exceed 0.56s.
6.13.1.5 Wheel blocking force: When testing the braking force, the blocking force of each wheel of the vehicle shall not exceed 5% of the axle load of the axle. 6.13.1.6 Brake complete release time (the time required from releasing the brake pedal to the elimination of the brake) for a single vehicle shall not exceed 0.8 s. 6.13.2 Emergency braking performance
6-13.2.1 Emergency braking should stop the vehicle within the specified distance when one of the pipelines in the service brake system fails. 6.13.2.2 Check whether the vehicle has an effective emergency braking device. If the vehicle under inspection does not have an emergency brake device or there is doubt about its emergency brake performance, its emergency brake performance should be inspected in accordance with the provisions of 6.13.2.3. 6.13.2.3 Emergency brake performance requirements: When the vehicle is on the brake test bench and the emergency brake is in effect, the measured braking force should comply with the provisions of Table 3.
Table 3 Requirements for emergency braking force of vehicles
Vehicle type
Passenger vehicles with ≤9 seats
Other passenger vehicles
Truck vehicles
6.13.3 Parking brake performance
Total emergency braking force
Percentage of total vehicle weight/%
Hand operation
Allowable operating force/N
Foot operation
When the braking force of the vehicle parking brake is tested on a brake test bench, the vehicle is unloaded, with one driver on board and the parking brake device in use. The total parking braking force shall not be less than 20% of the vehicle weight under test; for a vehicle with a total mass of 1.For vehicles with a load less than 2 times the load, the limit is 15%.
6.14 Road test (hereinafter referred to as \road test\) Braking performance The requirements for braking performance of vehicle road test shall be in accordance with the provisions of 6.14 in B72581997: 6-15 When there is doubt about the braking performance of a vehicle after the bench test, the road test specified in 6.11 may be used for re-inspection, and the results of the full-load road test shall prevail.
7 Steering controllability
7.1 Maximum free rotation of the steering wheel
7.1.1 Vehicles with a maximum design speed greater than or equal to 100kn/h: 20; 7.1.2 Vehicles with a maximum design speed less than 100km/h: 30°. 7.2 Steering ease
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GB 18565 2001
7.2.1 Road test: The vehicle is unloaded and moves from straight-line driving to circular driving with a diameter of 24m along a spiral line within 5 seconds at a speed of 10 km/h on a flat, dry and clean hard road. The maximum tangential force applied to the outer edge of the steering wheel shall not be greater than 15\N. 7.2.2 On-site test: The vehicle steering wheel is placed on the steering wheel, and the steering wheel is turned to make the steering wheel reach the maximum steering angle specified by the manufacturer. During the whole process, the steering wheel steering force measured by the steering force tester shall not be greater than 120 N. 7.3 Lateral slip of the steering wheel
7.3.1 For vehicles with non-independent front axle suspension, the lateral slip of the steering wheel shall not be greater than 5 m/km when tested by a slip meter (including single and double plates) according to the method specified in 12.4.2. 7.3.2 For vehicles with independent suspension on the front axle, the front wheel alignment parameter value can be qualified if it meets the relevant technical conditions of the vehicle specified by the original manufacturer. 7.4 Wheel alignment value
7.4.1 The front wheel alignment value of the vehicle shall meet the relevant technical conditions of the vehicle. 7.4.2 For vehicles with alignment technical parameters for the rear wheels, the rear wheel alignment value shall meet the relevant technical conditions of the vehicle. 7.5 The minimum turning diameter of the vehicle
is measured with the center line of the front outer wheel track as the baseline, and its value shall not be greater than 24m. The maximum steering angle of the inner and outer wheels shall meet the relevant technical conditions of the vehicle specified by the original manufacturer. The inner and outer wheel turning angles shall meet a certain geometric proportional relationship. 7.6 Suspension characteristics
For passenger cars with a maximum design speed of 100 km/h or more and an axle load of less than or equal to 1500 kg, the suspension characteristics test shall be carried out according to the method specified in 12.4.3. 7.6.1 When tested by the frame test bench according to the method specified in 12.4.3.1, the absorption rate of the wheels of the tested vehicle under external excitation vibration (the percentage of the minimum dynamic wheel vertical load and the static wheel vertical load when the tested vehicle resonates) shall not be less than 40%, and the difference in absorption rate between the coaxial left and right wheels shall not be greater than 15%. 7.6.2 When tested by the flat plate test bench according to the method specified in 12.4.3.2, the suspension efficiency of the tested vehicle during braking shall not be less than 45%, and the difference in suspension efficiency between the coaxial left and right wheels shall not be greater than 20%. 7.7 The working time of the vehicle unloading valve of the power steering (or power steering) shall comply with the relevant technical conditions of the vehicle specified by the original manufacturer. 7.8 The vehicle shall have a moderate non-turning characteristic so that the vehicle has normal handling stability. 7.9 The steering wheel shall be able to automatically return to the center after turning. It shall not deviate when driving on a flat, hard, dry and clean road, and its steering wheel shall not have shimmy or other abnormal belt phenomena.
7.10 The steering wheel should be flexible, easy to operate, without blocking, and there should be no interference with other parts during the steering process of the wheel. 7.11 The steering knuckle and arm, steering crossbar, tie rod and ball pin should be free of cracks and damage, and the ball pin should not be loose. When modifying or repairing the vehicle: the horizontal and vertical tie rods shall not be welded.
8 Lighting and signal devices and other electrical equipment 8.1 Headlamp beam irradiation position
8.1.1 When inspecting the headlamp's low beam irradiation position, the headlamp is 10 meters away from the front of the screen, and the height of the beam cut-off line corner or midpoint should be 0.611-~0.811 (1I is the headlamp reference center height), and its horizontal position requirement is that the left and right deviations shall not exceed 100 mm.
8.1.2 For the irradiation position of the high beam of a four-lamp headlamp, the headlamp is 10 m away from the screen, the center of the beam is 0.8511m above the ground, and the horizontal position requires that the left lamp shall not deviate more than 100mm to the left and not more than 170mm to the right; the right lamp shall not deviate more than 170mm to the left or right.
8.13 When a vehicle is equipped with high and low beam dual-beam headlamps, the low beam shall be adjusted. For lamps that can only adjust the high beam, adjust the high beam.
8.1.4 The inspection of the irradiation position of the headlamp beam shall be carried out in accordance with the method specified in 12.6. 8.2 The luminous intensity of the high beam of each headlamp of a vehicle shall meet the following requirements: two-lamp system: 12000cd; four-lamp system: 10000cdl. 149
During the test, the power system may be in a dry charging state. GB 18565—2001
For vehicles with four-lamp system, if two symmetrical lamps meet the requirements of two-lamp system, they are qualified. 8.3 The lamps of the vehicle shall be installed firmly, intact and effective, and shall not be loosened, damaged, lose their function or change the direction of illumination due to vehicle vibration; all light switches shall be installed firmly and switch freely, and shall not switch on and off automatically due to vehicle vibration. 8.4 The low beam of all headlights shall not be dazzling. 8.5 The number, position, light position and minimum geometric visible angle of the external lighting and signal devices of the vehicle and trailer shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB4785.
8.6 A full trailer shall be equipped with a red marker lamp on the left and right of the front of the trailer, and its height shall be 300~400 mm higher than the front fence of the full trailer and less than 150 mm from the outer side of the car box. 8.7 The vehicle shall be equipped with a rear retroreflector, and the vehicle with a length greater than 10Ⅲ shall be equipped with a side retroreflector, and the car train shall be equipped with a side retroreflector. The reflector should be able to ensure that when the vehicle headlight is illuminated at 150° in front of the vehicle at night, its reflected light can be confirmed at the illuminated position.
8.8 Vehicles equipped with headlights should have a high-beam and low-beam conversion device, and when the high beam changes to low beam, all high beams should be extinguished at the same time. The left and right high-beam and low-beam headlights on the same vehicle are not allowed to be turned on and off crosswise. 8.9 The front position lamp, rear position lamp, clearance lamp, trailer sign lamp, license plate lamp and instrument lamp of the vehicle should be able to be turned on and off at the same time, and can still be lit when the headlight is turned off and the engine is turned off.
8.10 Vehicles with an unladen height of more than 3m should be equipped with clearance lamps. 8.11 Vehicles should be equipped with one or two rear fog lamps, which can only be turned on when the high beam, low beam or front fog lamp are turned on. The rear fog lamp can be turned off independently of any other lamps. The rear fog lamp can work continuously until the position lamp is turned off, and then it will remain off until it is turned on again. The vehicle (except the trailer) can be equipped with front fog lamps as an option. 8.12 The vehicle should be equipped with hazard warning flashers, and its operating device should not be controlled by the main power switch. The flashing frequency of the hazard warning flashers and turn signal lamps is 1.5Hz±0.5Hz; the starting time should not exceed 1.5s. 8.13 Both the car and the trailer should be equipped with side turn lights. If the front turn lights of the car can be seen on the side, it is considered to meet the requirements. Each rigid unit of an articulated vehicle must be equipped with at least one pair of side turn lights. 8.14 The vehicle dashboard is equipped with turn signal lights and blue high beam indicator lights that are suitable for the driving direction. :5 Instrument lights are installed on the dashboard. When the instrument lights are on, they should be able to clearly illuminate all instruments on the dashboard and should not be blocked. 8.16 All kinds of passenger cars should be equipped with compartment lights and door lights. A bus with a length of more than 6 m2 shall have at least two compartment lighting circuits, and only the lighting circuit used for the entrance and exit can be used as one of them. When one circuit fails, the other circuit shall be able to work normally to ensure the lighting inside the bus, but it shall not affect the driver's sight and the normal driving of other motor vehicles. 8.17. If any circuit of the vehicle lighting and signal device fails, it shall not interfere with the normal operation of other circuits. 8.18 The front and rear turn signal lights, hazard warning flashers and brake lights of the vehicle shall be visible from 100 m in the sky, and the side turn signal lights shall be visible from 30 m in the sky; the front and rear position lights, indicator lights and trailer sign lights shall be visible from 300 m in good weather at night; the rear license plate light can be seen from 2 m in good weather at night, and the brightness of the brake light shall be significantly greater than that of the rear position light. 8.19 Buses with a length of more than 6 m shall be equipped with a main power switch, except for buses with complete circuit insurance. 8.20 Various instruments and signal devices such as speedometer, water temperature gauge, oil pressure gauge, ammeter, fuel gauge, barometer, etc. shall be complete and effective. 8.21 The technical performance of the generator should be good. The battery should maintain normal voltage. All electrical wires should be bundled, arranged neatly, fixed and clamped, with firm joints and insulating sleeves. Insulating sleeves should be installed when the wires pass through holes. 9 Emission and noise control
9.1 Exhaust pollutant control
9.1.1 Control of exhaust pollutants from vehicles equipped with spark ignition engines 9.1.1.1 Light vehicles that have passed type certification in accordance with GB 18352 shall be subject to a double-speed test or an accelerated simulated operating condition (ASM) test. The double-speed test of vehicles equipped with spark ignition engines shall be conducted in accordance with the method specified in 12.7.1, and the exhaust pollutant limits are shown in Table 4. Acceleration 150
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GB 18565—2001
The simulated operating condition test shall be carried out in accordance with the method specified in 12.7.2. The exhaust pollutant limits are shown in Table 5. 9.1.1.2 Except for the vehicles specified in 5.1 and 1.1, the M and V category vehicles equipped with spark ignition engines shall be tested in accordance with the method specified in 12.7.3. The exhaust pollutant limits of the idle test are shown in Table 6. 9.1.2 Exhaust pollutant control of vehicles equipped with compression ignition engines 9.1.2.1 For vehicles equipped with compression ignition engines that have passed type certification in accordance with GB18352, the free acceleration exhaust visible pollutant test shall be carried out in accordance with 12.7.4.1. The exhaust visible pollutant limits are shown in Table 7. 9.1.2.2 Except for the vehicles specified in 9.1.2.1, the vehicles equipped with compression ignition engines shall be tested in accordance with 12.7.4.2 Carry out free acceleration smoke test, and the smoke emission limits of free acceleration test are shown in Table 8. 9.1.3 Emission control of fuel evaporative pollutants from gasoline vehicles 9.1.3.1 Gasoline vehicles manufactured before January 1, 1998 shall be equipped with fuel evaporative pollutant emission control devices. 9.1.3.2 The fuel evaporation pollutant emission control device should be within the effective use date (or effective use mileage). 9.1.3.3 The connecting pipes should be intact, and the rubber hoses should not be broken, aged, or detached. 9.1.4 Automobile crankcase pollutant emission control 9.1.4.1 Gasoline vehicles should be equipped with a crankcase forced ventilation system, including a PCV valve or flow hole and a ventilation pipe. 9.1.4.2 The connecting pipes of the crankcase forced ventilation system should be intact, and the pipes should not be broken, aged, or loose. 9.1.4.3 Use an LI-type water pressure gauge or a micro pressure gauge to check the crankcase pressure at the oil dipstick hole at a speed of 50% of the rated speed. Positive pressure should not appear.
9.2 Automobile noise control
9.2.1 Automobile stationary noise: according to 12.8.1 The measurement is carried out according to the prescribed method. The limit values are shown in Table 9. 9.2.2 The noise level inside a passenger car should not be greater than 82 dB(A), and the noise level inside a medium-level or higher operating passenger car should not be greater than 79 dB(A). The test method shall be in accordance with the provisions of 12.8.2. 9.2.3 The noise level of the driver shall not be greater than 86 dB (4). The specific test method shall be in accordance with the provisions of 12.8.3. 9.2.4 Horn sound level: When the horn sound level of the vehicle is measured by a level meter at a distance of 2 m from the front of the vehicle and 1.2 m above the ground, its value shall be 90~115 dB (A). Table 4 Exhaust pollutant limits for vehicles equipped with spark ignition engines in double-speed tests Rapid speed Vehicle type M, Class vehicles licensed after January 1, 2001 N, Class vehicles licensed after January 1, 2002 1) HC concentration value n-hexane equivalent 2) M, refers to vehicles with a designed number of passengers (including the driver) not exceeding 6 and a maximum vehicle gross mass not exceeding 2500 kg High speed 3) N, It also includes design, above: M-category vehicles with a occupant number (including the driver) exceeding 6 persons, or a maximum gross vehicle mass exceeding 2 500 kg but not exceeding 3 500 kg.
Vehicle type
Vehicles licensed on or after January 1, 2001
M,\ type
Vehicles licensed on or after January 1, 2002
N,\ type
GB18565—2001
Table 5 Reference mass of exhaust pollutant limits for vehicles equipped with spark-ignition engines in accelerated simulated operating condition test
HC/10-1
1) HC volume concentration value is based on n-hexane equivalent, ASM5025
NO/106
ASM2540
2) M: refers to the vehicle with a designed number of occupants (including the driver) not exceeding 6 persons, H, the maximum gross mass of the vehicle not exceeding 2 500 kg. NO/10-
3) N1 also includes M-type vehicles with a designed number of passengers (including the driver) exceeding G persons, or a maximum total mass of the vehicle exceeding 2500 kg but not exceeding 350 kg.
Table 6 Exhaust pollutant limits for rapid test of vehicles equipped with spark ignition engines Light vehicles
Vehicle type
Automobiles in use manufactured before July 1, 19951.Automobiles in use manufactured from July 1, 1995 onwards1) HC volume concentration values are based on n-hexane equivalent. co
Heavy-duty vehicles
Table 7 Exhaust visible pollutant limits for vehicles equipped with compression ignition engines by free acceleration test Vehicles
Vehicles in use registered on or after January 1, 2001
Vehicles in use equipped with exhaust turbochargers registered on or after January 1, 2001152
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Light absorption coefficient
GB18565
Table 8 Smoke emission limits for vehicles equipped with compression ignition engines by free acceleration test Vehicles
Vehicles in use manufactured before January 1, 1995
July 1, 1995 Vehicle types in use produced from the beginning of the import
Mini passenger car, truck
Light passenger car, truck
Off-road vehicle
Medium-sized abandoned vehicle. Truck
Personal passenger car
Heavy-duty truck
Table 9 Limits of stationary noise of automobiles (tB)
Vehicle factory period
Fuel type
ni ≤4 300 r/min
nr≥1300 r/min
Ns147kw
N>1471W
Note, N-rated power of automobile engine.
Rated engine speed,
10 Sealing
10.1 Rainproof sealing of passenger cars
January 1, 1998
Test according to the test method specified in 12.9, and it should meet the relevant requirements of QC/T 176. 10.2 Sealing of connecting parts
There should be no oil leakage, water seepage and air leakage in the connecting parts of the car. 10.3 Sealing of braking system
Smoke density value
: January 1, 1998
Technology after
10.3.1 For cars with air pressure brakes, when the air pressure rises to 600kPaH without using brakes, the air pressure drop value should not be greater than 10kPa after stopping the air compressor for 3 minutes. When the air pressure is 600kPa, press the brake pedal to the bottom, wait for the air pressure to stabilize and observe for 3 minutes. The air pressure reduction value of a single vehicle should not exceed 20kPa; the air pressure reduction value of a car train should not exceed 30kPa. 10.3.2 When the pedal force of a car with hydraulic brakes is maintained at 700N for 1 minute, the pedal should not move slowly toward the floor.
11 Complete vehicle equipment
11.1 Basic requirements
11.1.1 The complete vehicle equipment should be complete, intact and effective, all connecting parts should be tightened and intact, and the vehicle body should be straight. The height difference of the left and right symmetrical parts of the outer edge of the vehicle body (measured within 1.5m from the ground) should not be greater than 40mm; the difference in left and right wheelbases should not be greater than 1.5/1000 of the wheelbase. 11.1.2 The structure of the vehicle shall not be arbitrarily modified. 11.1.3 The markings on the roof, doors, body, windshield and other parts of the operating vehicle shall be unified, complete and effective, and comply with relevant regulations. 11.2 Vehicle Dimension Parameters
GB 18565 2001
11.2.1 The minimum limit of the vehicle's outer dimensions shall comply with the provisions of Table 10. Table 10 Vehicle Outer Dimension Limits
Vehicle Type
Truck (including off-road truck)Integral Passenger Car
Semi-trailer Train
Full-trailer Train
11.2.2 Vehicle Rear Overhang
The rear overhang of a passenger car and a closed carriage (or body) shall not exceed 65% of the wheelbase and the maximum shall not exceed 3.5m, the rear overhang of other vehicles shall not exceed 55% of the wheelbase. For three-axle vehicles, if the second and third axles are double rear axles, the axle overhang shall be calculated from the center line of the first axle to the double rear axle; if the first and second axles are double steering axles, the wheelbase shall be calculated according to the wheelbase of the first and third axles. The rear overhang of multi-axle vehicles shall be calculated from the center line of the last axle backwards. For passenger cars, the rear overhang shall be calculated based on the size of the body skin. If the rear bumper protrudes from the back skin, the rear bumper size shall be used for calculation, ignoring the rear tail step.
11.3 Vehicle mass parameters
11.3. 1 The total mass of the vehicle shall not exceed the following specified values: a) Semi-trailer train, full-trailer train: 40,000 kg b) Container semi-trailer train: 46,000 kg. 11.3.2 The axle load of a vehicle shall not exceed the following specified values: a) Single axle (single tire on each side) load: 6,000 kg b) Single axle (dual tires on each side) load: 10,000 kg c) Double axle (single tire on each side) load: 1.0,000 kg d) Double axle (single tire or double tires on each side) load: 14,000 kg e) Double axle (dual tires on each side) load: 18,000 kg f) Triple axle (single tire on each side) load: 12,000 kg g) Triple axle (dual tires on each side) load: 22,000 kg 11.3.3 In 11.3.2, for vehicles with a single axle load greater than 10 tons and less than or equal to 13 tons that have been approved for production by the state, the total mass of the vehicle must comply with the tonnage standard approved by the state, and the axle load approved by the state shall be regarded as the axle load limit standard. 11.3.4 Use an axle (wheel) load meter to measure the front and rear axle (wheel) loads and the vehicle weight. The values measured under the curb weight state shall not exceed 5% of the vehicle curb weight specified by the vehicle manufacturer. 11.4 Speedometer inspection
The speedometer's allowable error range is +20% to -5%, that is, when the actual vehicle speed is 40km/h, the speedometer indication value should be 38~~48km/h. The inspection method shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 12.10. 11.5 Sliding performance
11.5.1 When using a chassis dynamometer for testing, the sliding distance with an initial speed of 30km/h measured by the method specified in 12.5.1 shall comply with the provisions of Table 11.
11.5.2 When testing on the road, the sliding distance with an initial speed of 30km/h measured by the method specified in 12.5.2 shall comply with the provisions of Table 11. Table 11 Requirements for vehicle sliding distance
Curb weight of vehicle M/kg
1 000M≤4 000
4 000M≤5 000
Dual-axle drive vehicle sliding distance/m
TTKAON KAca-
Single-axle drive vehicle sliding distance/m
≥180
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