Some standard content:
GB/T 16431—1996
Chinese Braille Musical Symbols are part of the tactile raised dot writing used by the visually impaired in my country. They are unified symbols for recording music in the form of text.
The commonly used music symbols, vocal symbols and western instrumental symbols in the Chinese Braille Musical Symbols Standard are formulated based on the internationally unified braille music symbols and have been widely used by the blind in my country. The national instrumental symbols in the Chinese Braille Musical Symbols Standard are compiled on the basis of the "Chinese Braille National Instrumental Musical Symbols" scheme organized and formulated by the China Disabled Persons' Federation. The "Chinese Braille National Instrumental Musical Symbols" scheme was approved at the Second China Braille Symposium held in Hong Kong in 1990. Therefore, Chinese Braille Musical Symbols have a broad practical basis and can be implemented after the promulgation of this standard. Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are indicative appendices. This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Rehabilitation and Special Equipment for the Disabled. The drafting units of this standard are: China Disabled Persons' Federation, China Association of the Disabled, China Rehabilitation Research Center, China Education Press, Institute of Linguistics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing School for the Blind, etc. The main drafters of this standard are: Teng Weimin, Lian Jia, Li Weihong, Chen Shuimu, Li Renwei, Wu Liang, Han Ping. 1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
China Braille Musical Signs
China braille musical signs
GB/T 16431—1996
This standard specifies the commonly used music signs, vocal numbers, instrumental numbers and several commonly used musical notation methods in Chinese education. This standard is applicable to various fields related to education, music, etc. 2 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard: When this standard is released, the versions shown are valid: All standards will be revised. The parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. CB/T 15720-1995 Chinese Braille
3 Definitions
The following definitions are adopted in the Chinese Braille Standard.
3.1 Chinese Braille Musical Symbols
The 6-point system of Chinese Braille symbols for recording musical scores for the visually impaired in China3.2 Note Distinction
Distinction In Chinese musical scores, the special symbols for notes with the same writing method but different time values are also called the punctuation mark,3.3 Incomplete Bar
In Chinese musical scores, the symbol indicating that the bar is not finished and needs to be written in a new line or paragraph, also known as the score connection mark,3.4 Lyric Transposition
The symbol used in the song training to indicate the corresponding relationship between the individual words and the song score. 3.5 Straight method
When recording and falling, the lowest note is represented by a note, and the upper notes are represented by a raised step number. 3.6 Step-by-step method
In the same measure, the low part is written first and the high part is written, and then the section is written and the notes are written. 3.7 Parallel method
The notation method in which the bass and treble parts are written in parallel. 3.8 Note-type notation
The lowest note is represented by the original note, and the upper notes are written as lowered eighth notes. 3.9 Position reference symbol
The position reference symbol "shoe" is a symbolic mark of the note. If it is written before the symbol, it means that the symbol is used after the note. If it is written after the symbol, it means that the symbol is used before the note.
1 The solid dot in the braille symbol indicates that there is a dot on the point position, and the hollow circle indicates that there is no dot on the point position. Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on June 17, 1996, and implemented on December 1, 1996
GB/T 16431—1996
2 The Arabic numerals in brackets after the braille symbol are the point numbers of the solid dots. The point numbers of the braille points in the same square are written in order, and the point numbers in different rows are separated by commas. This notation is used in other places in this article without additional marking. 4 The structure and parameters of braille music symbols
For the structure and parameters of braille music symbols, please refer to Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 of GB/T15720—1995. 5 Commonly used music symbols
5.1 Basic music symbols
5.1.1 Notes
5. 1. 1.1 How to write musical notes
whole note (Braille sixteenth note is the same as whole note) (13456)
instrument (1356)
（12346)
（123456）
half note (Braille thirty-second note is the same as half note) (1345)
（135)
(1234)| |tt||(12345)
quarter note (sixty-fourth note in Braille is the same as quarter note)Xie(1456)
(1246)
（12456）
eighth note (one hundred and twenty-eighth note in Braille is the same as eighth note)Yi(124)
Qi(145)
Sheng(15)||tt ||The note names are written in Latin letters
Qiang Yi (6,14) C
Ge Hui (6,145)）
（6,15)E
Yi (6.124)F
Mi (6,1245)G
Mi (6,12)R
5.1.1.2 Note value distinction symbol (punctuation mark) a) Writing method
Qun ( 126,2) Division
Note duration code
Route (45.126,2) Long duration code (6,126.2) Short duration code
b) Usage
(1245)
I(12356)
(1235)
(1256)
(2346)
(246)
瑟(24)
（23456)
(2345)
(2456)
默（245)
一In general, when notes with the same writing style but different durations meet, in order to avoid confusion: use note value distinction symbols. In free beat music scores, when notes with the same writing style but different durations meet. In order to distinguish notes of different lengths, use the long duration distinction symbol to indicate that the following note is a long duration note, and use the short duration distinction symbol to indicate that the following note is a short duration note. 5.1.1.3 Note abbreviations (note grouping) a) In a beat with a quarter note as one beat, the first of the four sixteenth notes in each beat should be written as tt, and the remaining three can be written as eighth notes
GB/T 164311996
b) In a beat with an eighth note as one beat, the twelve notes can use the above abbreviations. However, the 128th note cannot be abbreviated. Because it is written the same as the eighth note. c) In a beat with a quarter dotted note as one beat (compound beat), six sixteenth notes can be abbreviated as a group. If it is a twelve-note, it can still be abbreviated as a group of four. d) It cannot be abbreviated when there is a rest.
5. 1. 2 Rests
(134) Whole rest (the sixteenth rest in Braille is the same as the whole rest) (136) Half rest (the thirty-first rest in Braille is the same as the one-third rest) (1236) Quarter rest (the sixty-fourth rest in Braille is the same as the quarter rest) (1346) Eighth rest (the one hundred and twenty-eighth rest in Braille is the same as the eighth rest) When the whole measure is rested, use the whole rest. Note: The Portuguese symbol before the whole rest is a musical symbol used by sighted people. 5.1.3 Dots
[3) Dots
(3+3) Double dots
The actual number of beats of a note with a dot is the time value of extending the note by 1/2, and the actual number of beats of a note with a double dot is the time value of extending the note by 3/4.
5.1.4 Note group symbols
5.1.4,1 Note group symbol writing
（4,4）Big letter group 2
（15）
Big letter group 1
Big letter group (low and low note group number)
（46）
Small letter group (low note group number)
Small letter group 1 (medium note group number)
Small letter group 2 (treble note group number)
Small letter group 3 (high and treble note group number)
Small letter group 4
888 (6.6)
Small letter group 5
Use of note group symbols
The first note in a score or a passage must be preceded by the note group number. No other symbols can be placed between the note group number and the note. Two adjacent notes of the same tone group, within the fifth, have a group number of unadded notes, and within the sixth or above, have a group number of added notes. Two adjacent notes of different tone groups, within the third, have a group number of unadded notes, and within the fourth or above, have a group number of added notes. 5. 1. 5 Bar number and final number
5.1.5.1. How to write bar numbers and cadences
GB/T16431
(5) Bar unfinished number (special for music score connection)! (13) Imaginary bar line number
Ⅱ(126.13) Full song cadence
Ⅱ(126+13.3) Music section cadence (half cadence)5.1.5.2 How to use bar numbers and cadences
In Braille music, a blank square is generally used to indicate a bar line: in the bar-by-bar notation, a bar line number is used to indicate a bar line; in free-beat music, an imaginary bar line is used to indicate an imaginary bar line. In Braille music, when a bar is unfinished and a line break or a section change is required, a bar unfinished number should be added. At the end of a full song, a full song cadence is used: at the end of a section, a section cadence is used. 5.1.6 Time signature
Time signatures are usually expressed in Braille fractions, such as 2/4 (3456.12.256) (two-quarters beats), 6/8 (3456124.236) (six-eighths beats), etc. False 4/4 can also be written as C (46, 14), and 2/2 can also be expressed as (456, 14).
5.1.7 Accidental Signs (Temporary Signs)
5.1.7.1 Writing Accidental Signs
(146) Sharp
(146.146)
(126) Flat
(126.126) Double Flat
(16) Natural
5. 1. 7. 2 Usage of Accidental Signs
Sharps and flats are written before the notes. They indicate temporary rise or fall of semitones. Each sharp or flat is valid for the same note in a measure. When a note does not rise or fall in the same measure, a natural is added before the note. 5.1.8 Key Signatures
Key Signatures indicate fixed pitches through seven pitches and sharps and flats. For example:
9nn 1=C
#花然禁1=#F
The key signature of the fixed-pitch notation is indicated by the sharp or flat before the time signature. 5.1.9 Slurs
5.1.9.1 How to write slur symbols
\（14）Slurs (arcs)
￥(t4.14...-14)Large slurs
懿（4，14）Homophone slurs (fermiones)职装（46,14）Double slurs
To（56.1245,23）Phrase arcs
5.1.9.2 How to use slurs
To connect two to four notes, use slurs. Example:参热路韩费就25 32 1
To connect five or more notes, use large slurs. When a slur spans two measures, there should be a space between the measures. GB/T 16431.-. 1996
When two or more identical intervals (or chords) are connected, a double slur is used. A note that is reversed by a musical phrase arc, requiring the song to be sung smoothly and without interruption, mostly used in instrumental music. 5.1.10 Tuplets
5.1.10.1 Tuplets
Tuplets include doublets, triplets, quintuplets, etc. They are written by using a descending number after (456)\ and adding "(3)" at the end. Examples:
Zhu Rong (456.23.3)
Duplets
Qunmeng (156, 25.3) or Chao (23) Triplet # (456.26.3) Quintuplets
Xian Qun # (456.2353) Sextuplets
Han Sen (456,2356,3)
-Tuplets
5.1.10.2 Tuplet usage
Tuplet symbols are written before the tuplet. The most commonly used triplets are generally written as "第(23)". 5.2 Effect symbols
5.2.1 Staccato, sustained tone and fortissimo
5.2.1.1 Writing of frequency, sustained tone and fortissimo (236) Staccato
(6, 236) Short-tempered tone
(5, 236) Secondary staccato
Yang (456, 236) Sustained tone
Boom (46, 236) Fortissimo
Group (56, 236) Fortissimo
5. 2. 1. 2 Before
,
Use of staccato, sustained tone and fortissimo symbols
A staccato is also called a staccato, and a fortissimo is also called an accent. The five symbols of staccato, punctuation, secondary staccato, sustained note, and fortissimo are all written on the notes. When four or more staccato, sustained note, and fortissimo appear in succession, the shorthand notation is used. The notation is to put two symbols before the first note and one symbol before the last note. 5.2.2 Extension and breath mark
Writing of extension and breath mark
Rui (126, 123) Extension
【345, 2) Breath mark
Quantity#(456, 126, 123)#
Free extension
Use of extension and breath mark
5. 2. 2. 2More
The extension is usually written after a note or rest, indicating that the note or rest can be extended by itself. When the extension is used with the cadence, it indicates that the repeated music ends here. When the extension is written on the bar line, it is written as a free extension and is recorded at the end of the bar. --The breath number is also called the breathing number, which is written after the note. 5.2.3 Grace notes
5.2.3.1 Grace note symbols
(26) Appoggiatura
(4,1) Glide
(5,235) Trill (upper trill)
Wing (235) Trill
GB/T 16431-1996
Ming (345, 2345.1235, 3) Yanyin tr (for musical instruments) group (56, 235) Changshun Beiyin
Group (56, 235, 123) Changni Boeing
Ling (46.14) Front Up Gliding
Cui Guan (456, 14) Front Gliding
Back Up Gliding
Meng Zheng (14, 12)
Zheng (14, 1)Back Gliding
5.2.3.2 Usage of Ornamental Notes
-Appoggiatura is also called broken note. In Braille, it is usually written as sixteenth note. Appoggiatura is added before the note and connected with the original note by a line. Example:
The three symbols of a trill, trill and trill are all written in front of the note. The staccato symbol tI for instruments is equivalent to a trill (235). The symbols for the front upward and front downward glissando are marked before the note, and the symbols for the back upward and back downward glissando are marked after the note. The line number is written between the two notes.
5. 2. 4 Dynamics, speed expression terms and their abbreviations 5.2.4. 1 Strength
a) Strength writing
Iron heat (345.1234, 12341234, 3) Weakest (345, 1234, 1234.3) Very weak
Device (345.1234, 3) Weak
Mei # Road (345.134.1234.3) Medium weak
Dream (345, 134, 124, 3) Medium strong
Jian Bang Lu (345, 124, 3) Strong
Accumulate (315, 124.124, 3) Very strong
Jiu Fan (345, 124.124, 1243) Strongest Ai Cai (345.234, 124, 3) Extra strong
(345234,124,1234.3) Extra strong then new (16,3) Crescendo then diminuendo
Number (345,124,1356.3) Extra strong (345,234.124,1356,3) Yiqiang
b) Dynamic symbol usage
(345,11,3345.25,3) New strong
(345,1453345,256.3) New weak
-· The weakest, very weak, weak, medium weak, medium strong, strong, very strong, strongest, extra strong, special strong, sudden strong, extra strong then diminuendo, crescendo then diminuendo, these 13 symbols are marked in front of the notes.
A crescendo line mark and diminuendo symbol are marked at the beginning and end of the note. 5.2, 4. 2 Speed
Grave (6,1245,1235,1.1236.15) Zhuangban (1-40) #Hui (1456.2356,3456,145,245) (with a quarter note as one beat, 40 beats per minute) means very slow and heavy Largo Guangban (1=44) means slow and broad
1.ento (1=52) indicates slow
GB/T16431-1996
Larghetto Larghetto (1=60) indicates slightly slow Andhnte Andante (1=66) indicates slow speed Andantin Andante (169) indicates moderate speed Moderato Moderato (1=88) indicates moderate speed Allegretto Allegretto (1=109) indicates slightly faster and lively Allexro Allegro (1=132) indicates fast Vivo Allegro (1=152) indicates fast and lively Vivace Ultra (1=160) indicates faster and lively Presto Presto (1=189) indicates fast
Prestissimo Ultrae (1-210) indicates very fast Note: The recommended beats in brackets are reference beats. 5.2.4.3 Expression
CantabileSinging
AgitatoIntense
AnimatoLively
Brillante[AbbreviationBrill.Super Wing (345,12,1235,24,123,123,3)7BrilliantConmoQuietlybzxZ.net
CunAnimaExcitedly
FspressivoTenderly
DolceSoftly
DolenteSadly
Lagalo[AbbreviationL.Super Need (345.123,3)]CoherentNon TroppnNot Excessive
5. 2. 4. 4 Use
8) Auxiliary symbols in the usage of dynamics, speed, and expression terms (845) Abbreviated font size
Wing (3) Omitted period
￥(56,36-***-+36,23)
Brackets in literature
b) The usage of dynamics, speed, and expression terms In simplified musical notation songs and humorous music, musical terms are usually expressed directly in Chinese characters. In order to avoid confusion, they should be enclosed in brackets. Since the prelude, interlude, and the changing parts of the lyrics use general brackets (56,3………·6，23), the selected solution wing (56,36.-36,23) is used here to distinguish musical terms from foreign characters. They are often written in abbreviations. The abbreviation should be preceded by the abbreviation font size "法(345)", followed by an ellipsis (3)\The first note of the musical term store should be preceded by the group number. 1. For some terms that can be indicated by extension lines, the Braille uses "whole distance (3, 3)" after the musical term to indicate the beginning of the extension range, and "remain (345, 3)" after the last note of the range reached by the musical term to indicate the end of the extension range.
If the extension range of the first musical term has not yet ended, and the second musical term and extension line appear, the Braille uses "release (3636)" after the musical term to indicate the beginning of the second extension range, and "(345, 36)" after the last note of the range reached by the musical term to indicate the end of the second extension range. 5.3 Ellipsis
5.3.1 Repeat sign
Shoe (2356) Repeat sign
5.3.1.2 Use of repeat sign
GB/T 16431 1996
A repeat sign written after the trumpet indicates the repetition of the entire measure: When a whole measure is repeated twice, it is still indicated by a repeat sign with a space in between, but when it is repeated three or more times, a number symbol is used after the repeat sign:
If the measure is repeated on other note groups, the note group number can be added before the repeat sign;-"The repeat sign can also be used within a measure. It indicates the repetition of the first half measure, one beat or half beat, but it must conform to the rules of the beat and cannot be used indiscriminately. If the repeat sign of a half measure is repeated with one beat or When the half-beat repeats meet, they must be separated by "\" (3)". 5.3.2 Numerical omission notation
- If the following bars are exactly the same as the previous bars, the repeated bars can be represented by Braille digital symbols. If it is repeated on other sound groups, the sound group can be added before the number. If it is repeated, only the first few bars of the above bar are played and sung, it can also be represented by numerical omission notation, such as: 鞋肆提 (3456, 145, 345 6, 12) means repeating the first two bars of the previous four bars. If the repeated bars need to be moved to other groups, the group number can be added before the repeated number, such as: Quncijiejinkuan (3456.14546, 3456.12) means repeating the first two bars of the previous four bars on the treble group. If the bars are repeated according to the number of bars in the work, the descending number can be used to indicate it, such as: Xiezheng (3456, 35) means repeating the ninth bar, Shun (3456, 2, 36, 236) means repeating bars one to eight Bar (number after serial number, omitting number): add group letter before the first note after using number omitting notation. 5.3.3 Repeat sign
5.3.3.1 Friend repeat sign Mafa
I: = multiple group (126, 2356126, 23) Repeat start sign, repeat end sign →#, 3## (126.2356123456, 126, 23) Random repeat start sign: Random repeat positive sign
Note: In this standard, it is necessary to leave one side blank. 5. 3. 3. 2 Usage of repeat sign
The first note after various repeat signs must be marked with the note group number: When the last position of a repeat part is different, use descending numbers to distinguish different parts. If the descending number is confused with the symbol behind it, it needs to be separated by \(3)\,
Example,
5.3.4 Repeat in interval
5.3.4.1 Writing of repeat in interval
(345,145,14,3) Repeat from the beginning L (345,145,234,3) Repeat in the middle, (346,16) Repeat in interval start + repeat in interval end: (5.346)Return to the beginning
"""""Repeat () Sequence number::(6+124,24,1345.15,256)Song end or rate (16): (126,13,3,126123)Repeat section end number 1 (346,123,345,145,234,3,346,123)Repeat omitted 5.3.4.2 Usage of interval repeat number
GB/T 164311996
Interval repeat number is used in self-written music score to save space. The repeated parts in the score are marked with "\"" (346..16). The next time it is used, it is indicated by "rate (5,346)\return to the beginning". In order to distinguish the repeated parts, you can also use \公(346,1)\, "（346,12）", "多(346,11)\ and the corresponding \群繁(5,346,1)", "禁(5,316,12)", "路(5.346,14)\ to indicate the order of the repeated singing (playing). Repeating from the beginning is indicated by 激势(345,145,14.3). Repeating in the middle is indicated by 慧(345,145.234,3). 5.3.5 Note division symbol
5.3.5.1 Note division symbol writing
Avoid (45,1) quarter note value division symbol, double it as 标题载慈(45,12) eighth note value division symbol. Double it as &想f (45.1,1-****-45,1)
(45.12,12....*45.12)
：（45，123）上-穴分符时值分码，效写为量1（45.2）三卡-半笔记时值分码，双写为离能载（45，13）六四笔记时值分码，双写为（45.123,123-....-45,123）
(45.2.2..45.2)
(45,13,13+*-45 ,13)
1climber (45,3)-128th note value division mark, double writing for the sign 5.3.5.2 Note division mark usage
double (45,3,3-..**-45,3)
Add a division mark after a long note value to indicate that the note is divided into short notes as shown by the symbol. When more than three consecutive notes are divided, the double writing method can be used. That is, double the start mark after the first note and double the stop mark after the last note.
5.3.6 Explosive mark
5. 3.6.1 Tremolo notation
(16,12) Eighth note value note number
Continued (4G.123) Sixteenth note value note number (46,2) Thirty-second note value tremolo number (46,1) Sixty-fourth note value tremolo number (46,3)
One hundred and twenty-eighth note value note number
5.3.6.2 Usage of the tt symbol
- The symbol is written between two notes or two chords. It means that these two notes or chords should be played (sung) alternately and repeatedly quickly and evenly according to the time value indicated by the symbol, and its total time value is equivalent to one of the two notes or chords in the original score. 5.4 Section time value
5.5 Interval number
（156,3）Full time value
Group (456.13)
《One-minute time value
Link (456,1) Four-minute time value
Group type (456.12) Eighth-minute time value
Group (456.123) Sixteenth-minute time value
Group road (456.2) Three-two-minute time value
5.5.1 Interval number writing
（123）1st degree interval number (same degree number)
（34）2nd degree interval number
（34 56) 4th interval number
No. (35) 5th interval number
Guest (356): 6th interval number
(25) 7th interval number
Answer (36) 8th interval number
5.5.2 Usage of interval numbers
GB/T16431-1996
The degree of an interval is generally calculated from bottom to top. When notating in parts, the degree of the bass part is calculated from bottom to top, and the degree of the treble part is calculated from top to bottom;
The interval number is written after the note. If the note group number is added before the interval number, it means a compound interval of 9 degrees or more. 6 Vocal symbols
6.1 Expression of music score and lyrics
6.1.1 Music score number and lyrics number
(6,8) Music score number
(56,23) Lyrics number
6.1.2 Usage of music score number and lyrics number
The above two symbols are used at the beginning of music score or tune, and there is no empty space. 6.2 Omission of lyrics
6.2.1 Lyrics ellipsis
3 (35..35) Lyrics omission start number, lyrics omission end number. 6.2.2 Usage of lyrics ellipsis
Lyrics omission start number is connected with the following lyrics, lyrics omission end number is connected with the previous lyrics, and when there is a punctuation mark, it is written before the punctuation mark. :- indicates that the lyrics enclosed in the ellipsis mark are repeated once. If it is repeated two or three times, two \(35)\ or three "(35)" can be written before the repeated part. If it is repeated more than four times, a number can be added before "(35)\ to indicate it. The melody can also use the paragraph-interval repetition mark "
(16)\, which should be written after the punctuation mark,
6.3 Lyrics transition mark
6. 3.1 Lyrics transition mark
穿(6) Lyrics transition mark
6.3.2 Lyrics transition mark small usage
. (346·16)" There should be two spaces after them to write embedded words, and the paragraph-interval stop mark "Lyrics transition mark is written after the song. When matching the singing score, it means that one more song score is matched. If there are more than four lyrics transition marks, add a number after the transition mark to indicate it.
6.4 Notation of changing rhythm
In a certain verse, if there is a rhythm change, you can use the rhythm time value after the verse of the changing rhythm to indicate it. A word enclosed in brackets means that a certain note is divided into two short time notes. 6.5 Prelude, interlude and chorus
6.5.1 Prelude and interlude
Notes enclosed in brackets indicate a prelude or interlude. 6.5.2 Chorus number
(3456, 2356) Chorus number
6.6 Part symbols
6.6.1 Writing of part symbols
A group (345, 1, 3) Alto
T# (345, 2345, 3) Shangyin
B Ming (345, 12.3) Bass
6. 6.2 Usage of part symbols
GB/T 164311996
The four voice parts sung in a chorus song are female soprano, female alto, male tenor and male bass. They are represented by the abbreviations S, A, T, B and a period respectively. The music score and lyrics use the same part symbols. For a two-part chorus song, no matter the two parts are male or female, or male and female, they are all represented by S and A. The first tone symbol is written together with the following words and music. 6.7 Division symbol
6.7. 1 Division symbol writing
Choose (126,345) or (5,2) Division symbol
Yinglu (46,13) Delimiter
6.7.2 Division symbol usage
一 Division symbol indicates two parts of music before and after, and there is no space between the two parts. The division of multiple voices is written in the same way. 一 If the division of the whole measure and the division of a part of the measure appear at the same time, the division of the whole measure is indicated by "" and the division of a part of the measure is indicated by "毅". In a measure, when one part needs to be written in division and the other does not need to be written in division, the two parts are separated and merged with the delimiter. 一 The first note after the division symbol and the delimiter should be added with a tone group piano. When it is written at the end of the line, the bar end mark can be omitted. 7 Instrumental symbols
7.1 Western instrumental symbols
7.1.1 Piano-specific symbols
7.1.1.1 Fingering symbols
a) Writing method:
First finger (thumb)
Second finger (index finger)
3(123)
5 (13)
b) Usage:
Third finger (middle finger)
Fourth finger (ring finger)
Fifth finger (little finger)
Change fingering for the same note (written between two fingers)
Omit a fingering number in the previous set of fingerings
Omit a fingering number in the next set of fingerings
, the fingering number is written after the symbol;
: When two fingering numbers are used to mark a note, you can choose any one of them; when one or two adjacent chords are marked with the same fingering number, it means that the two notes are played simultaneously with one finger. 7.1. 1.2 Left-hand notation
a) Writing:
LH, group period (456,345) Left-hand notation RH (46,345) Right-hand notation
b) Usage:
Left-hand notation is written before the note;4. Notation of changing rhythm
In a certain verse, if there is a rhythm change, you can use the rhythm time value after the verse of the changing rhythm to indicate it. A word enclosed in brackets means that a certain note is divided into two short time notes. 6.5. Prelude, interlude and chorus
6.5.1 Prelude and interlude
Notes enclosed in brackets indicate a prelude or interlude. 6.5.2 Chorus number
(3456, 2356) Chorus number
6.6 Part symbols
6.6.1 Writing of part symbols
A group (345, 1, 3) Alto
T# (345, 2345, 3) Shangyin
B Ming (345, 12.3) Bass
6. 6.2 Usage of part symbols
GB/T 164311996
The four voice parts sung in a chorus song are female soprano, female alto, male tenor and male bass. They are represented by the abbreviations S, A, T, B and a period respectively. The music score and lyrics use the same part symbols. For a two-part chorus song, no matter the two parts are male or female, or male and female, they are all represented by S and A. The first tone symbol is written together with the following words and music. 6.7 Division symbol
6.7. 1 Division symbol writing
Choose (126,345) or (5,2) Division symbol
Yinglu (46,13) Delimiter
6.7.2 Division symbol usage
一 Division symbol indicates two parts of music before and after, and there is no space between the two parts. The division of multiple voices is written in the same way. 一 If the division of the whole measure and the division of a part of the measure appear at the same time, the division of the whole measure is indicated by "" and the division of a part of the measure is indicated by "毅". In a measure, when one part needs to be written in division and the other does not need to be written in division, the two parts are separated and merged with the delimiter. 一 The first note after the division symbol and the delimiter should be added with a tone group piano. When it is written at the end of the line, the bar end mark can be omitted. 7 Instrumental symbols
7.1 Western instrumental symbols
7.1.1 Piano-specific symbols
7.1.1.1 Fingering symbols
a) Writing method:
First finger (thumb)
Second finger (index finger)
3(123)
5 (13)
b) Usage:
Third finger (middle finger)
Fourth finger (ring finger)
Fifth finger (little finger)
Change fingering for the same note (written between two fingers)
Omit a fingering number in the previous set of fingerings
Omit a fingering number in the next set of fingerings
, the fingering number is written after the symbol;
: When two fingering numbers are used to mark a note, you can choose any one of them; when one or two adjacent chords are marked with the same fingering number, it means that the two notes are played simultaneously with one finger. 7.1. 1.2 Left-hand notation
a) Writing:
LH, group period (456,345) Left-hand notation RH (46,345) Right-hand notation
b) Usage:
Left-hand notation is written before the note;4. Notation of changing rhythm
In a certain verse, if there is a rhythm change, you can use the rhythm time value after the verse of the changing rhythm to indicate it. A word enclosed in brackets means that a certain note is divided into two short time notes. 6.5. Prelude, interlude and chorus
6.5.1 Prelude and interlude
Notes enclosed in brackets indicate a prelude or interlude. 6.5.2 Chorus number
(3456, 2356) Chorus number
6.6 Part symbols
6.6.1 Writing of part symbols
A group (345, 1, 3) Alto
T# (345, 2345, 3) Shangyin
B Ming (345, 12.3) Bass
6. 6.2 Usage of part symbols
GB/T 164311996
The four voice parts sung in a chorus song are female soprano, female alto, male tenor and male bass. They are represented by the abbreviations S, A, T, B and a period respectively. The music score and lyrics use the same part symbols. For a two-part chorus song, no matter the two parts are male or female, or male and female, they are all represented by S and A. The first tone symbol is written together with the following words and music. 6.7 Division symbol
6.7. 1 Division symbol writing
Choose (126,345) or (5,2) Division symbol
Yinglu (46,13) Delimiter
6.7.2 Division symbol usage
一 Division symbol indicates two parts of music before and after, and there is no space between the two parts. The division of multiple voices is written in the same way. 一 If the division of the whole measure and the division of a part of the measure appear at the same time, the division of the whole measure is indicated by "" and the division of a part of the measure is indicated by "毅". In a measure, when one part needs to be written in division and the other does not need to be written in division, the two parts are separated and merged with the delimiter. 一 The first note after the division symbol and the delimiter should be added with a tone group piano. When it is written at the end of the line, the bar end mark can be omitted. 7 Instrumental symbols
7.1 Western instrumental symbols
7.1.1 Piano-specific symbols
7.1.1.1 Fingering symbols
a) Writing method:
First finger (thumb)
Second finger (index finger)
3(123)
5 (13)
b) Usage:
Third finger (middle finger)
Fourth finger (ring finger)
Fifth finger (little finger)
Change fingering for the same note (written between two fingers)
Omit a fingering number in the previous set of fingerings
Omit a fingering number in the next set of fingerings
, the fingering number is written after the symbol;
: When two fingering numbers are used to mark a note, you can choose any one of them; when one or two adjacent chords are marked with the same fingering number, it means that the two notes are played simultaneously with one finger. 7.1. 1.2 Left-hand notation
a) Writing:
LH, group period (456,345) Left-hand notation RH (46,345) Right-hand notation
b) Usage:
Left-hand notation is written before the note;
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