This standard is applicable to the determination of the penetration of solid and semi-solid asphalt materials with a penetration of less than 350. This standard is also applicable to the determination of the penetration of asphalt materials with a penetration of 350 to 500. GB/T 4509-1998 Asphalt penetration test method GB/T4509-1998 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

9-1998www.bzxz.net
GB/T4509
This standard is equivalent to the American ASTMD5-95 "Asphalt Penetration Test Method". This standard is applicable to the determination of the penetration of solid and semi-solid asphalt materials with a penetration of less than 350, and is also applicable to the determination of the penetration of asphalt materials with a penetration of 350 to 500. According to ASTM D5-95, the main revisions to GB/T4509-84 are as follows: 1. The scope of application is wider, the penetration of asphalt with a penetration of 350 to 500 is added, and the test conditions for tar asphalt are specified. 2. The constant temperature method of the sample. When the sample is kept constant in a water bath, the sample and the flat bottom glass blood should be placed in a constant temperature water bath. 3. Simultaneous sampling. When preparing the sample, take two sample bloods at a time, one for testing and the other for standby. 4. Heating temperature and time. The heating temperature of petroleum blue shall not exceed 90℃ of the softening point, and the heating time shall not exceed 30min. The heating of tar asphalt shall not exceed 90℃ of the softening point. The heating temperature shall not exceed 60℃ from the softening point, and the heating time shall not exceed 30min. This standard shall replace GB/T4509-84 from the date of implementation. This standard is proposed by China Petrochemical Corporation and is under the technical jurisdiction of the Heavy Oil Research Institute of Petroleum University (East China). The drafting unit of this standard: Heavy Oil Research Institute of Petroleum University (East China). The main drafters of this standard are Zhang Yuzhen, Tu Cuihong and Jia Shengsheng. Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Bitumen-Determination of penetration
Bitumen-Determination of penetration This standard is applicable to the determination of the penetration of solid and semi-solid asphalt materials with a penetration of less than 350. GB/T4509-1998
Replaces GB/T 4509 -84
This standard is also applicable to the determination of the penetration of asphalt materials with a penetration of 350 to 500. For such asphalt, the penetration shall be determined using a sample container with a probe of 60mm and a sample volume not exceeding 125ml. or the penetration measured under a load of 50g multiplied by the square root of 2.
2 Referenced standards
The following standards include provisions that constitute a part of this standard through reference. Unless otherwise expressly specified in the standard, the following referenced standards shall be the currently valid standards.
GB/T4507 Determination of softening point of petroleum asphalt 3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
Penetration
Under specified conditions, the depth of the standard needle penetrating vertically into the asphalt sample is expressed in 1/10mm. 4 Meaning and purpose
Asphalt penetration is used to illustrate the softening point of asphalt The viscosity of the asphalt. The greater the penetration of the asphalt, the lower the viscosity of the asphalt and the softer the asphalt. 5 Method Overview
The penetration of asphalt is expressed by the depth of the standard needle penetrating vertically into the sprinkled sample under certain load, time and temperature conditions, and the unit is 1/10mm. Unless otherwise specified, the total weight of the standard needle, needle connecting rod and additional code is (100±0.05g, the temperature is (25±0.1), and the time is 5s. Other conditions that may be used for specific tests are as follows: Temperature, C
For specific tests, the test conditions should be indicated in the report. 6 Instruments
6.1 Penetration Tester
Load g
Time, s
Any instrument that can make the needle connecting rod move vertically without obvious friction and can indicate the penetration depth with an accuracy of 0.1mm can be used. Needle connecting rod Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on August 20, 1998, February 1, 1999 Implementation
GB/T 4509 1998
The weight is (47.5±0.05)g. The total weight of the needle and needle connecting rod is (50±0.05)g + the instrument is equipped with one (50±0.05)g and one (100±0.05)g base weight, which can form a load of (100±0.05)g and (200±0.05)g to meet the load conditions required for the test. The instrument is equipped with a platform for placing a flat-bottomed glass dish and an adjustable level mechanism. The needle connecting rod should be perpendicular to the platform. The instrument is equipped with a needle connecting rod brake button. Pressing the button allows the needle connecting rod to fall freely. The needle connecting rod should be easy to disassemble so that its weight can be checked regularly. 6.2 Standard push needle
6.2.1 The standard needle should be made of hardened and tempered stainless steel, with a steel grade of 440-C or equivalent material and a Rockwell hardness of 54~～60 (see Figure 1). The needle is about 50 mm long and has a diameter of 1.00~～1.02 mm. The end of the needle must be ground into a cone of 8.7°~9.7°. The cone must be coaxial with the needle body. The maximum axial deviation of the intersection of the cone surface and the needle body surface is not more than 0.2 mm. The diameter of the flattened cone end should be between 0.14~0.16 mm, and the angle with the needle axis should not exceed 2°. The periphery of the flattened cone surface should be sharp and free of burrs. The arithmetic mean of the roughness of the cone surface should be 0.2~0.3μm. The needle should be installed in a brass or stainless steel thick hoop, and the length of the needle exposed outside should be 40~45 mm. The diameter of the metal hoop is (3.20±0.05) mm and the length is (38±1) mm. The needle should be firmly installed in the hoop. The needle tip and any other part of the needle shall not deviate from the hoop axis by more than 1mm: the total weight of the needle hoop and its accessories is (2.50 ± 0.05)g. A separate identification number is printed on each needle hoop. 6.2.2 In order to ensure the uniformity of the test needles, the inspection results of the national metrology department on the needles must meet the requirements of 6.2., and each needle should be accompanied by an inspection sheet from the national metrology department. 0. 14 0. 16
1. 0- 1. 02
B\40°9°40
Figure 1 Needle for asphalt penetration test
6.3 Sample pull
Metal or glass cylindrical flat bottom III dimensions are as follows, diameter, mm
When the penetration is less than 200
When the penetration is 200350
When the penetration is 350-500
6.4 Constant temperature water bath
Depth, mm
Capacity is not less than 10 L, and can maintain the temperature within 0.1 ℃ at the test temperature. There is a bracket with a hole 50 mm from the bottom of the water. This bracket is at least 100 mm above the water surface. When measuring the needle penetration at low temperature, fill the water bottle with salt water. 6.5 Flat-bottomed corrugated glass
The penetration volume of the flat-bottomed corrugated glass shall not be less than 350mL, and the depth shall be above the largest sample. A stainless steel triangular bracket shall be provided inside to ensure the stability of the sample dish.
6.6 Timer
The scale shall be 0.1 s or less, and the accuracy shall reach within 60 s. Any non-time device of 70.1 s shall be acceptable. 6.7 Thermometer
Liquid glass thermometer, meeting the following standards: Scale range: 0～50℃, with a graduation value of 0.1℃. The thermometer shall be calibrated regularly according to the test method for liquid glass thermometer. 7 Preparation of samples
7.1 Heat the sample carefully, stirring continuously to prevent local overheating, and heat it until the sample can flow. When heating, the heating temperature of tar pitch shall not exceed 60℃ of the softening point, and that of petroleum asphalt shall not exceed 90℃ of the softening point. The heating time shall not exceed 30 min. Avoid air bubbles in the sample during heating and stirring.
GB/T 4509 -: 1998
7.2 Pour the sample into the pre-selected sample blood. The sample depth should be greater than the expected penetration depth by 10 mm. Pour the sample into the two samples at the same time.
7.3 Loosely cover the sample blood to prevent dust from falling in. Cool at room temperature of 15-30°C for 1-1.5 h (small sample blood) or 1.5-2.0 h (large sample blood), then put the two sample bloods and the flat bottom glass blood into a constant overflow water bath together, and the water surface should be more than 10 mm above the surface of the sample. Cool at the specified test temperature. Keep the small blood at constant temperature for 1-1.5 h, and the large blood at constant temperature for 1.5-2.0 h. 8 Test steps
B.1 Adjust the level of the needle penetration instrument and check the needle connecting rod and guide rail to ensure that there is no water or other substances on them. First, clean the needle with a suitable solvent, dry it with a clean cloth, and then insert the needle into the needle connecting rod to fix it. Place the weight according to the test conditions. 8.2 Take out the sample blood and the flat-bottomed glass blood that have been thermostatted to the test temperature and place them on the platform of the needle penetration meter. Slowly lower the needle connecting rod so that the needle tip just touches the surface of the sample. If necessary, use the reflection of a light source placed in a suitable position to observe. Pull the active rod to make it contact with the top of the needle connecting rod, and adjust the dial reading on the needle penetration meter to zero. 8.3 Press the button tightly with your hand and start the stopwatch at the same time to make the standard needle fall freely and penetrate the asphalt sample. Stop pressing the button at the specified time to stop the standard needle from moving.
8.4 Pull down the active rod and make it contact with the top of the needle connecting rod. The reading of the dial pointer at this time is the needle penetration of the sample, expressed in 1/10mm.
8.5 The same sample shall be measured at least three times. The distance between each test point and the distance between the test point and the edge of sample III shall not be less than 10mm. Before each test, the sample and the flat bottom glass blood shall be placed in a constant temperature water bath, and a clean needle shall be used for each measurement. When the needle penetration exceeds 200, at least three needles shall be used. The needle used for each test shall remain in the sample until all three needles are inserted and then the needle is removed from the sample. When the needle penetration is less than 200, the needle can be removed and wiped with a suitable solvent for continued use. 9 Precision
9.1 The average value of the needle penetration measured twice shall be rounded to an integer and used as the experimental result. The difference between the two measured penetration values ​​should not be greater than the following values:
Penetration:
Maximum difference:
50~149
150~249
250-350
9.2 Repeatability: The two results measured by the same operator on the same sample using two instruments shall not exceed 4% of the average value. 9.3 Reproducibility: The two results measured by different operators on the same sample using the same type of instrument shall not exceed 11% of the average value. 9.4 If the error exceeds this range, repeat the test using the second sample in 7.2. 9.5 If the result exceeds the allowable value again, cancel all test results and repeat the test. 10 Report
Report the average of the three penetration values, rounded to the nearest integer as the test result.
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