Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
35~～110kV Substation Design Specification
GB50059-92
Editor: Ministry of Energy of the People's Republic of ChinaApproval Department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of ChinaEffective Date: May 1, 1993
GB50059—92
Notice on Issuing National Standard
"35～110kV Substation Design Specification"Jianbiao No. 1992653
According to the requirements of the State Planning Commission's Document No. Jizong [1986] 250, the "35～110kV Substation Design Specification" revised jointly by the Ministry of Energy and relevant departments has been reviewed by relevant departments. The "35~110kV Substation Design Code" GB50059-92 is now approved as a mandatory national standard, which will be implemented from May 1, 1993. The original national standard "Industrial and Civil 35kV Substation Design Code" GBJ59-83 will be abolished at the same time. The Ministry of Energy is responsible for the management of this code, and its specific interpretation and other work are the responsibility of the East China Electric Power Design Institute of the Ministry of Energy. The publication and distribution are organized by the Standard and Quota Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction. Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
September 25, 1992
: GB 50059-92
Revision Notes
This code is revised by the East China Electric Power Design Institute of our Ministry and relevant units in accordance with the requirements of the State Planning Commission's Document No. 250 [1986], which is the revision of the "Industrial and Civil 35kV Substation Design Code" GBJ59-83. During the revision of the specification, the specification group conducted extensive investigations and studies, carefully summarized the experience since the implementation of the specification, absorbed some scientific research results, and widely solicited opinions from relevant units across the country. Finally, our department reviewed and finalized the revised specification together with relevant departments. The revised specification is divided into four chapters and 11 appendices. The main contents of the revision are: adding 63kV and 110kV substation parts, and adding new chapters such as parallel capacitor devices, secondary wiring, lighting, telecontrol and communication, indoor and outdoor power distribution devices, relay protection and automatic devices, electrical measuring instrument devices, overvoltage protection and grounding, civil engineering, etc.: the original battery chapter was merged into the power supply for people and the operating power supply chapter: the main transformer and electrical main wiring chapter were enriched in depth, and the provisions of the civil engineering part of the original specification were too brief. This time, more additions were made. The main contents of the additions are the ultimate state design principle based on probability theory for the substation structure, the load of buildings and structures, the architectural design standards of the main building, the anti-expansion structural measures of the building, and the fire protection design of the substation.
The civil engineering part of this code must be used in conjunction with various building structure design standards and specifications such as the "Building Structure Load Code" GBJ9-87, which was formulated and revised according to the "Unified Standard for Building Structure Design" GBJ68-84 approved and issued by the State Planning Commission in 1984, and must not be mixed with various national building structure design standards and specifications that were not formulated and revised according to GBJ68-84. During the implementation of this code, if it is found that there is a need for modification and supplementation, please send your opinions and relevant materials to the East China Electric Power Design Institute of the Ministry of Energy (No. 415, Wuning Road, Shanghai), and copy to the Electric Power Planning and Design Administration of the Ministry of Energy (Liupukeng, Beijing) for reference in future revisions.
Ministry of Energy
August 1993
GB50059--92
Chapter 1 General Provisions
Article 1.0.1 This code is formulated to ensure that the design of substations conscientiously implements the relevant technical and economic policies of the state and meets the requirements of safety, reliability, advanced technology and economic rationality.
Article 1.0.2 This specification applies to the design of new substations with voltages of 35~110kV and single transformer capacity of 5000kVA and above.
Article 1.0.3 The design of substations shall be carried out according to the 5~~10-year development plan of the project, combining long-term and short-term development, focusing on the short-term, correctly handling the relationship between short-term construction and long-term development, and appropriately considering the possibility of expansion. Article 1.0.4 The design of substations must proceed from the overall situation, take a comprehensive approach, and reasonably determine the design plan in accordance with the nature of the load, power consumption capacity, project characteristics and regional power supply conditions, combined with national conditions. Article 1.0.5 The design of substations must adhere to the principle of saving land. Article 1.0.6 In addition to implementing this specification, the design of substations shall also comply with the provisions of the current relevant national standards and specifications. Chapter 2 Site Selection and Area Layout
Article 2.0.1 The site selection of the substation shall be determined based on the following requirements and comprehensive considerations: 1. Close to the load center;
2. Save land, occupy no or less arable land and land with high economic benefits; 3. Coordinate with urban and rural or industrial and mining enterprise planning, and facilitate the introduction and extraction of overhead and cable lines; 4. Convenient transportation;
5. The surrounding environment should be free of obvious pollution. If the air is polluted, the site should be located at the place where the pollution source has the least impact; 6. Have suitable geological, topographical and geomorphic conditions (such as Avoid faults, landslides, collapse areas, karst caves, mountain wind outlets and places with dangerous rocks or prone to rolling stones). The site should avoid being selected in places with important cultural relics or mineral deposits that will affect the substation after mining. Otherwise, the consent of the relevant departments should be obtained.
7. The site elevation should be above the high water level once in 50 years. Otherwise, the area should have reliable flood control measures or be consistent with the flood control standards of the region (industrial enterprises), but it should still be higher than the water level of the flooding; 8. The convenience of employees' lives and water source conditions should be considered; 9. The mutual influence between the substation and the surrounding environment and adjacent facilities should be considered. Article 2.0.2 The general layout of the substation should be tight and reasonable. Article 2.0.3 The substation should be equipped with a solid wall not less than 2.2m high. The height and form of the wall of the urban network substation and the industrial enterprise substation should be coordinated with the surrounding environment. Article 2.0.4 The width of the main road in the substation to meet the fire protection requirements should be 3.5m. The width of the main equipment transportation road can be determined according to the transportation requirements and should have the conditions for turning back. Article 2.0.5 The site design slope of the substation should be determined according to the equipment layout, soil conditions, drainage method and road longitudinal slope. It should be 0.5% to 2%, the minimum should not be less than 0.3%, and the local maximum slope should not be greater than 6%. The slope parallel to the busbar direction should meet the requirements of electrical and structural layout. When using roadside open ditches for drainage, the minimum longitudinal slope of the road and open ditch should not be less than 0.5%, and should not be less than 0.3% in local difficult areas: the maximum should not be greater than 3%, and should not be greater than 6% in local difficult areas. The longitudinal slope of the bottom of the cable trench and other similar trenches should not be less than 0.5%. Article 2.0.6 The building elevation, foundation burial depth, roadbed and pipeline burial depth in the substation should be coordinated with each other; the ground elevation inside the building should be 0.3m away from the ground outside the house; the cable trench wall outside the house should be 0.1m above the ground. Article 2.0.7 The minimum clearance between various underground pipelines and between underground pipelines and buildings, structures and roads shall meet the requirements of safety, maintenance, installation and technology, and shall comply with the provisions of Appendix 1 and Appendix 2. Article 2.0.8 The substation area should be greened. The greening plan should be adapted to the surrounding environment and strictly prevent greening from affecting the safe operation of electricity. Greening should be carried out in stages and batches. Article 2.0.9 The sewage discharged from the substation must comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Industrial Enterprise Design Hygiene Standard". Chapter III Electrical Part
Section 1 Main Transformer
Article 3.1.1 The number and capacity of the main transformer shall be determined based on comprehensive consideration of regional power supply conditions, load characteristics, power consumption capacity and operation mode.
Article 3.1.2 Two main transformers should be installed in substations with primary and secondary loads. When the technical and economic conditions are reasonable, more than two main transformers can be installed. If the substation can obtain sufficient backup power from the medium and low voltage power grid, one main transformer can be installed. Article 3.1.3 For substations equipped with two or more main transformers, when one is disconnected, the capacity of the remaining main transformers should not be less than 60% of the total load, and the primary and secondary loads of users should be guaranteed. Article 3.1.4 For substations with three voltages, if the power passing through the line diagrams on each side of the main transformer reaches more than 15% of the capacity of the transformer, the main transformer should use a three-coil transformer. Article 3.1.5 For substations with large power flow changes and large voltage deviations, if it is calculated that ordinary transformers cannot meet the voltage quality requirements of the power system and users, on-load voltage-regulating transformers should be used. Section 2 Electrical Main Connections
Article 3.2.1 The main connection of the substation shall be determined according to the position of the substation in the power grid, the number of outgoing line circuits, equipment characteristics and load characteristics. It shall also meet the requirements of reliable power supply, flexible operation, convenient operation and maintenance, investment saving and easy expansion. Article 3.2.2 When the operation requirements can be met, the high-voltage side of the substation shall adopt a connection with fewer or no circuit breakers. Article 3.2.When there are two or fewer 35-110kV lines, it is advisable to use bridge type, line transformer group or line branch connection. When there are more than two circuits, it is advisable to use expanded bridge type, single bus or segmented single bus connection. When there are 8 or more 35-63kV lines, double bus connection can also be used. When there are 6 or more 110kV lines, double bus connection should be used. Article 3.2.4 In the 35-110kV main connection using single bus, segmented single bus or double bus, when power outage for maintenance of circuit breaker is not allowed, bypass facilities can be installed.
When there is a bypass bus, it is advisable to first use the connection of segmented circuit breaker or bus tie circuit breaker as bypass circuit breaker. When there are 6 or more 110kV lines and 8 or more 35-63kV lines, dedicated bypass circuit breakers can be installed. The circuit breaker in the 35110kV circuit of the main transformer can also be connected to the bypass bus when conditions permit. Use SF. The main connection of the circuit breaker should not be equipped with bypass facilities. Article 3.2.5 When the substation is equipped with two main transformers, a segmented single bus should be used on the 6~10kV side. When the line is 12 or more, a double bus can also be used. When power outages for repairing circuit breakers are not allowed, bypass facilities can be set up. When the 6~~35kV distribution device uses a trolley-type high-voltage switchgear, it is not appropriate to set up labor-line facilities. Article 3.2.6 When it is necessary to limit the short-circuit current of the 6~10kV line of the substation, one of the following measures can be adopted: 1. Transformer separate operation;
2. Use a commercial impedance transformer;
3. Install a reactor in the transformer circuit. Article 3.2.7 The lightning arrester and voltage transformer connected to the bus can share a set of isolating switches. It is not advisable to install an isolating switch on the arrester connected to the transformer lead-out line.
GB 50059-92
Section 3 Power supply and operating power supply
Article 3.3.1 In a substation with two or more main transformers, two transformers with the same capacity that can serve as backup for each other should be installed. If a reliable low-voltage backup power supply can be introduced from outside the substation, a transformer can also be installed. When a 35kV substation has only a power supply line and a main transformer, a transformer can be installed before the power supply line circuit breaker.
Article 3.3.2 The DC busbar of the substation should adopt a single busbar or a segmented single busbar connection. When a segmented single busbar is used, the battery should be able to switch to any busbar.
Article 3.3.3 The operating power supply of important substations should adopt a set of 110V or 220V fixed lead-acid batteries or paved batteries. As a silicon rectifier for charging and floating charging, it is advisable to share a set. The operating power supply of other substations should adopt a complete set of small-capacity nickel battery devices or capacitor energy storage devices.
Article 3.3.4 The capacity of the battery group should meet the following requirements: 1. The discharge capacity of the whole station for 1h power outage; 2. The maximum impact load capacity at the end of the accident discharge. The nickel battery capacity in the small-capacity nickel battery device should meet the requirements of the opening, signal and relay protection. Article 3.3.5 The substation should be equipped with a fixed maintenance power supply. Section 4 Control Room
Article 3.4.1 The control room should be located in a place where it is convenient to operate, the cable is short, the orientation is good, and it is convenient to observe the main equipment outside the house. Article 3.4.2 The arrangement of the control panel (table) should correspond to the interval arrangement order of the distribution device. Article 3.4.3 The building of the control room shall be built in one go in the first phase of the project according to the planned capacity of the substation. Article 3.4.4 The control room of the unmanned substation shall be appropriately simplified and the area shall be appropriately reduced. Section 5 Two-cut wiring
Article 3.5.1 The following components in the substation shall be controlled in the control room: 1. Main transformer;
2. Busbar segmentation, bypass and bus tie circuit breaker; 3. Lines of 63~110kV indoor and outdoor distribution equipment, and lines of 35kV outdoor distribution equipment. The 6~35kV indoor distribution equipment feeder line should be controlled locally.
Article 3.5.2 Manned substations should be equipped with central accident signals and warning signal devices that can repeat actions, delay automatic release, or manually release the sound. Substations on duty at the station can be equipped with simple accident signals and warning signal devices that can repeat actions. Unmanned substations can be equipped with simple accident signals and warning signals that switch to local control of the substation when the remote control device is disabled. The control circuit of the circuit breaker should have a monitoring signal. Article 3.5.3 A locking device should be installed between the isolating switch and the corresponding circuit breaker and grounding knife. The power distribution device in the room should also be equipped with facilities to prevent people from accidentally entering the live compartment. The power supply of the interlocking circuit should be separated from the power supply of the relay protection and control signal circuit. Section 6 Lighting
Article 3.6.1 The lighting design of the substation should comply with the requirements of the current national standard "Lighting Design Standard for Industrial Enterprises". .814
GB50059-92
Article 3.6.2 Emergency lighting should be installed in the control room, indoor power distribution device room, battery room and main indoor passages. Article 3.6.3 The installation location of the lighting equipment should be convenient for maintenance. For the lighting of outdoor power distribution equipment, lighting devices can be installed using the power distribution equipment frame, but they should comply with the requirements of the current national standard "Design Specifications for Overvoltage Protection of Power Equipment". Article 3.6.4 When observing the screen at the main monitoring position of the control room and the working position in front of the screen, there should be no obvious reflected glare and direct glare.
Article 3.6.5 Explosion-proof lighting devices should be used for lighting in the lead-acid battery room, and switches, fuses, sockets and other electrical appliances that may generate sparks should not be installed in the battery room. Article 3.6.6 The lighting voltage in the cable tunnel should not be higher than 36V. If it is higher than 36V, safety measures should be taken to prevent electric shock. Section 7 Parallel Capacitor Devices
Article 3.7.1 Substations whose natural power factor does not meet the specified standards should be equipped with parallel capacitor devices. Its capacity and grouping should be configured according to the principles of local compensation, easy voltage adjustment and no resonance. The capacitor device should be installed on the low-voltage side of the main transformer or the main load.
Article 3.7.2 The wiring of the capacitor device should make the rated voltage of the capacitor bank match the operating voltage of the grid. The insulation level of the capacitor bank should match the insulation level of the grid. The capacitor device should adopt star or double star wiring with ungrounded neutral point. Article 3.7.3 The long-term allowable current of the electrical appliances and conductors of the capacitor device should not be less than 1.35 times the rated current of the capacitor bank. Article 3.7.4 The capacitor device should be equipped with separate control, protection and discharge equipment, and fuse protection for a single capacitor should be set.
Article 3.7.5
When the high-order harmonic content at the capacitor device exceeds the specified allowable value or it is necessary to limit the closing inrush current, a series reactor should be set in the parallel capacitor bank circuit. Article 3.7.6 The capacitor device should be arranged outdoors, semi-outdoor or indoors according to environmental conditions, equipment technical parameters and local practical experience.
The layout of the capacitor bank should consider the convenience of maintenance and overhaul. Section 8 Cable Laying
Article 3.8.1 Cables in the area can be laid in ground trenches, channels, pipes or tunnels according to specific circumstances, and a few cables can also be directly buried.
Article 3.8.2 The selection of cable routes shall meet the following requirements: 1. Avoid various damages and corrosion to cables; 3. Avoid places where planned construction projects need to be excavated and constructed; 3. Facilitate operation and maintenance;
4. The cables are relatively short.
Article 3.8.3 In cable tunnels or cable trenches, the channel width and the inter-layer distance of cable supports shall meet the requirements for laying and replacing cables.
Article 3.8.4 The outer sheath of the cable shall be selected according to the laying method and environmental conditions. Directly buried cables shall be armored cables with jute, ethylene or fluoroethylene outer sheaths. Cables laid in cable tunnels, cable trenches and along walls or under floors should not have jute outer sheaths. Section 9 Telecontrol and Communication
Article 3.9.1 Telecontrol devices shall be installed or reserved in accordance with the requirements of the approved dispatching automation planning and design. 815
GB 50059-92
Article 3.9.2 The information content of patrol signal, telemetering and remote control devices shall be determined according to the requirements of safety monitoring, economic dispatching, ensuring power quality and saving investment.
Article 3.9.3 For unmanned substations, telecontrol and telemetering devices shall be installed. When necessary, avoidance control devices may be installed. Article 3.9.4 Substations of industrial enterprises shall be equipped with relevant signals for communication with the central control room of the enterprise. Article 3.9.5 Telecontrol channels shall use carrier or wired audio channels. Article 3.9.6 Substations shall be equipped with dispatching communications, and industrial enterprise substations shall also be equipped with communications with the enterprise; important substations may be equipped with communications with the local telephone office when necessary. Article 3.9.7 Telecontrol and communication equipment should have reliable emergency backup power supply, and its capacity should meet the use requirements of power outage for 1 hour. Section 10 Indoor and outdoor power distribution equipment
Section 3. 10.1
The design of the indoor and outdoor power distribution equipment of the substation shall comply with the requirements of the current national standard "3~110kV high-voltage distribution equipment design specifications". Section 10 Relay protection and automatic devices
Article 3.11.1 The design of the relay protection and automatic devices of the substation shall comply with the requirements of the current national standard "Design specifications for power protection and automatic devices of power installations".
Section 12 Electric measuring instrument devices
Article 3.12.1 The design of the electric measuring instrument devices of the substation shall comply with the requirements of the current national standard "Design specifications for electric measuring instrument installations of power installations".
Section 13
Overvoltage protection
Article 3.13.1 The design of the overvoltage protection of the substation shall comply with the requirements of the current national standard "Design specifications for overvoltage protection of power installations".
Section 14 Connection
Article 3.14.1 The design of substation grounding shall comply with the requirements of the current national standard "Grounding Design Code for Power Installations". Chapter 4 Civil Engineering
General Provisions
Section 1
Article 4.1.1 The design of buildings, structures and related facilities shall be uniformly planned and coordinated in shape. It is convenient for production and life. The selected structural types and material varieties shall be reasonably merged and simplified to facilitate material preparation, processing, construction and operation. The architectural design of the substation shall also be coordinated with the surrounding environment.
Article 4.1.2 The design of buildings and structures shall consider the following two limit states: 1. Bearing capacity limit state: This limit state corresponds to the deformation of the structure or structural member reaching the maximum bearing capacity or being unsuitable for continued bearing. It is required that the structural effect generated under the design load should be less than or equal to the resistance or design strength of the structure. The structural importance coefficients used in the calculations shall be in accordance with the relevant provisions of this code. The load partial coefficients, variable load combination coefficients c and other relevant coefficients shall be adopted in accordance with the relevant provisions of this code, and the design strength of the structure shall be adopted in accordance with the relevant current national standards. 2. Normal use limit state: This limit state corresponds to the structure or structural member reaching a certain specified limit value of normal use or durability. It is required that the long-term and short-term effects of the structure produced under the standard load should not exceed the specified values in Appendix 3. The variable load combination coefficients and quasi-permanent value coefficients used in the calculations shall be adopted in accordance with the relevant provisions of this code. Article 4.1.3 The safety level of buildings and structures shall be level 2, and the corresponding structural importance coefficient shall be 1.0. Article 4.1.4 When verifying the uplift or overturning stability of the foundation of outdoor structures, the uplift force or overturning moment on the foundation caused by the design load shall be less than or equal to the foundation uplift force or overturning moment divided by the stability coefficient in Table 4.1.4. When the foundation is below the stable groundwater level, the effect of buoyancy should be considered. At this time, the foundation bulk density is the bulk density of concrete or reinforced concrete minus 10kN/m, and the soil bulk density should be 10-11 kN/m2.
Table 4.1.4 Calculation method of stability coefficient of pullout or overturning on foundation
Calculate overturning by considering soil resistance or calculate upturning by considering conical soil
Calculate overturning or upturning by considering only the self-weight of the foundation and the weight of the soil above the step
Under long-term load
Load type
Under short-term actionbzxz.net
Note: Short-term load refers to wind load, ground action and short-circuit electric force, and the rest are long-term loads. Section 2 Loads
Article 4.2.1 Loads are divided into three categories: permanent loads, variable loads and accidental loads: 1. Permanent loads: dead weight of structure (including dead weight of conductors and lightning conductors), weight of fixed equipment, soil weight, soil pressure, water pressure, etc.; 2. Variable loads: wind loads, ice loads, snow loads, live loads, installation and maintenance loads, ground bag effects, temperature changes and vehicle loads, etc.;
3. Accidental loads: short-circuit electric force, verification (rare) wind loads and verification (rare) ice loads. Article 4.2.2 The adoption of load partial factors shall comply with the following provisions: 1. The load partial factor of permanent loads shall be 1.2, and 1.0 shall be adopted when its effect is beneficial to the structural resistance; 1.25 shall be adopted for the tension of conductors and lightning conductors;
2. The load partial factor of variable loads shall be 1.4, 1.0 shall be adopted for temperature changes, 1.3 shall be adopted for earthquakes, and 1.4 shall be adopted for the tension of conductors and lightning conductors in installation conditions; Note: The tension of conductors and lightning conductors in strong winds, icing, low temperatures, maintenance, and earthquakes shall be treated as quasi-permanent loads, and their load partial factors shall be 1.25, but the tension of the installation conditions shall be treated as variable loads, and their load partial factors shall be 1.4. 3. The load partial factor of accidental loads shall be 1.0. Article 4.2.3. The load combination coefficient yc of variable loads shall be adopted in accordance with the following provisions: 1. Basic combination of building construction: wind load combination coefficient cw is 0.6; 2. Strong wind conditions of structures: for continuous structures, the temperature change action combination coefficient is 0.8; 3. The most serious ice covering conditions of structures: wind load combination coefficient yc is 0.15 (ice thickness ≤ 10mm) or 0.25 (ice thickness > 10mm); 4. Installation or maintenance of structures: wind load combination coefficient yc is 0.15; 5. Ground cover conditions: live load combination coefficient yc of buildings is 0.5, wind load combination coefficient of structures is 0.2, and ice load combination coefficient c of structures is 0.5.
Article 4.2.4. The live load of building construction shall be determined according to the actual process and equipment conditions. Its standard value and relevant coefficients shall not be lower than the values listed in Appendix 4 of this specification.
GB 50059--92
Article 4.2.5 The structure and its foundation should be designed according to the actual stress conditions, including the adverse conditions that may occur in the future, and the following four load conditions should be used as the basic combination of the ultimate limit state of bearing capacity. Among them, the lowest temperature condition should also be used as the condition of the normal use limit state to verify deformation and cracks. 1. Operation: Take the maximum wind (no ice, corresponding temperature), minimum temperature (no ice, no wind) and most severe icing (corresponding temperature and wind load) in 30 years and their corresponding conductor and lightning conductor tension, self-weight, etc.; 2. Installation: The installation of the guide wire and the basket wire should be considered. At this time, the weight of people and tools on the beam is 2kN, as well as the corresponding wind load, conductor and lightning conductor tension, self-weight, etc. should be considered.
3. Maintenance: According to the needs of the actual maintenance method, the conductor tension, corresponding wind load and self-weight of the two situations of power outage maintenance for three phases at the same time and live maintenance for single-phase mid-span can be considered. For the situation where there is no down conductor within the span, people in the mid-span can be ignored. 4. Earthquake: Considering the horizontal earthquake action and the corresponding wind load or the corresponding ice load, conductor and lightning conductor tension, self-weight, etc., the structural resistance or design strength under earthquake conditions is allowed to be increased by 25%, that is, the bearing capacity seismic adjustment coefficient is 0.8. Article 4.2.6 The following three load conditions should be used as the basic combination of the ultimate state of bearing capacity for equipment support and its foundation. The standard loads of the maximum wind condition and the operation condition should also be used as the conditions of the normal use limit state to verify deformation and cracks. 1. Maximum wind condition: Take the maximum design wind load once in 30 years and the corresponding lead tension, self-weight, etc.; 2. Operation condition: Take the maximum operation load and the corresponding wind load, corresponding lead tension, self-weight, etc.; 3. Earthquake condition: Considering the horizontal earthquake action and the corresponding wind load, lead tension, self-weight, etc., the structural resistance or design strength under the ground cover condition is allowed to be increased by 25%, that is, the bearing capacity seismic adjustment coefficient is 0.8. Article 4.2.7 The conductor installation load of the structure should be determined according to the construction method and procedure adopted, and the load diagram and the angle of the lead to the ground when tightening the wire should be clearly indicated in the construction drawing. The angle of the lead to the ground when the wire is tightened should be 45°~60°. Article 4.2.8 The standard value of live load for platforms, walkways and overpasses of high-type and semi-high-type distribution devices should be 1.5kN/m, and the prefabricated panels should be checked with 1.5kN concentrated load. When calculating beams, columns and foundations, the live load should be multiplied by the reduction factor: when the load area is 10-20m2, it should be 0.7, and when it exceeds 20m2, it should be 0.6. Section 4.3.1 The main control building (room) can be arranged as a bungalow, two-story or three-story building according to the scale and needs. The net height from the top shed of the main control room to the floor surface: when the control panel and the relay panel are separated into two rooms, it should be 3.4-4.0m; when they are arranged together, it should be 3.8-4.4m. When air conditioning facilities are used, the above height can be appropriately reduced. The net height between the panels of the cable compartment should be 2.3-2.6m, and the net height of the bottom of the beam to the floor surface should not be less than 2m. The net height from the bottom of the floor of the auxiliary production building to the ground should be 3.0 to 3.4 meters.Article 2 When the control panel and relay panel are arranged in separate rooms, the design of the building decoration, lighting, heating and ventilation of the two parts should adopt different standards.
Article 4.3.3 For buildings with important electrical equipment such as the main control building and the indoor power distribution device building, the roof waterproofing standard should be appropriately improved as needed. The roof drainage slope should not be less than 1/50, and organized drainage should be adopted. Article 4.3.4 For rooms with high dust prevention requirements such as the main control room and the communication room, the floor should be made of dust-free materials. Article 4.3.5 The walls, ceilings, doors and windows, the exposed parts of the exhaust fan and other metal structures or parts of the battery room and the acid adjustment room should be painted with acid-resistant paint or acid-resistant paint. The ground, wall skirts and piers should use acid-resistant and easy-to-clean surface materials, and an acid-proof separation layer should be set between the surface layer and the base layer. When a fully enclosed acid-proof and flameproof battery is used and reliable measures are taken, the acid-proof materials of the ground, wall skirts and piers can be appropriately lowered. The ground should have a drainage slope to collect the acid water and properly treat it. Article 4.3.6 For the main buildings and multi-story brick-bearing buildings in the substation, it is advisable to install beams on every floor in areas with a ground protection intensity of 6 degrees, and ring beams on every floor in areas with a ground protection intensity of 7 degrees or above. Ring beams should be installed along the outer walls, longitudinal walls and transverse walls. The spacing of beams installed along the transverse walls should not be greater than 7m, otherwise the cross beams and ring beams should be connected. For cast-in-place or reinforced cast-in-place assembled integral floors or roofs, it is allowed not to install ring beams, but the slabs and walls must have a reliable connection. Article 4.3.7 In substations with an earthquake fortification intensity of 6 degrees or above, the main buildings and multi-story brick load-bearing buildings shall be provided with reinforced concrete structural columns in the following locations: 1. Four corners of the external wall: 2. The intersection of the vertical and horizontal walls of the staggered parts of the house 3. The intersection of the vertical and horizontal walls of the staircase, GB 50059-92 4. The intersection of the vertical and horizontal walls with a floor height equal to or greater than 3.6m or a wall length greater than or equal to 7m; 5. All the intersections of the vertical and horizontal walls of buildings in areas with an earthquake fortification intensity of 8 degrees or above 6. For buildings in areas with an earthquake fortification intensity of 7 degrees, the vertical and horizontal walls shall be arranged one by one. Article 4.3.8 In addition to meeting the requirements for anti-seismic strength, the spacing between the main brick load-bearing buildings and multi-story brick load-bearing buildings in the substation shall not exceed the provisions of Appendix 5. Article 4.3.9 The local dimensions of multi-story brick load-bearing buildings should comply with the provisions of Appendix 6, but the parts with reinforced concrete structural columns are not subject to the restrictions of this table.
Section 4 Structures
Article 4.4.1 The calculated stiffness of the structure can be elastic stiffness for steel members connected by electric welding or flanges, 0.80 times elastic stiffness can be used for steel members connected by bolts, 0.60 to 0.80 times elastic stiffness can be used for reinforced concrete members, and 0.65 to 0.85 times elastic stiffness can be used for prestressed reinforced concrete members. The influence of long-term loads on the stiffness of reinforced concrete structures should be considered separately. Article 4.4.2 The maximum slenderness ratio of steel structure members shall comply with the provisions of Table 4.4.2. The overall slenderness ratio of various structural compression columns should not exceed 150. When there is a large margin for the force of the rod, the above slenderness ratio is allowed to be relaxed by 10% to 15%. Article 4.4.3 The calculation length of the compression rod of the herringbone column can be adopted according to Appendix 7 of this Code. Article 4.4.4 The calculation length of the compression rod of the tie wire (strip) structure can be adopted according to Appendix 8 of this Code. Table 4.4.2 Maximum slenderness ratio of steel structure members
Member name
Maximum allowable slenderness ratio
Compression chord and
Compression web at seat
General compression web
Auxiliary rod
Tension rod
Prestressed tension rod
Article 4.4.5 The calculated compression length of the chord and web of lattice steel beams or columns may be adopted in accordance with the following provisions: 1. Chord: When the front and side webs are not staggered, the calculated length is 1.0 times the internode length. When the front and side webs are staggered and angle steel is used for the chord, the calculated length is 1.2 times the internode length. The corresponding angle steel rotation radius is the value parallel to the axis. If the chord is made of steel, the calculated length is still 1.0 times the internode length. 2. For web members, the calculated length of the single web member is the length of the center line; for cross-arranged web members, when both web members are not disconnected and the intersection is connected by bolts or electric welding, the calculated length is the length of the center line of the longer section in the cross section. Article 4.4.6 The ratio of the root opening to the column height (the intersection point from the foundation surface to the column) of the herringbone column and the tie wire (strip) column should not be less than 1/7 and 1/5 respectively.
Article 4.4.7 The ratio of the beam height to the span of the lattice steel beam should not be less than 1/25, and this ratio of the reinforced concrete beam should not be less than 1/20. Article 4.4.8 The depth of the structure and equipment support column inserted into the foundation cup should not be less than the specified value in Table 4.4.8. According to the need for hoisting stability, the depth of the column inserted into the cup should not be less than 0.05 times the column length, but when measures such as setting temporary tie wires are taken during construction, it may not be restricted. Table 4.4.8 Depth of column insertion into the cup mouth
Type of column
, insertion into the cup mouth
Minimum depth
Copper reinforced concrete rectangular and I-shaped sections
Note: B and D are the long side size and diameter of the column respectively. Cement pole
GB50059--92
Section 5 Heating and Ventilation
Article 4.5.1 The heating, ventilation and air conditioning design of the substation shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Design Code for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning". In severely cold areas, all rooms where people are on duty, office and living, as well as rooms where processes and equipment require heating, should be equipped with heating facilities. In cold areas, heating facilities can be installed in rooms where processes or equipment require heating and it is difficult to meet production requirements without heating. In areas that are not severely cold or cold, local heating facilities can be used in rooms where people are often on duty, such as the main control room, according to the actual temperature. The heating method can be determined according to the scale of the substation and the technical and economic comparison based on local experience, but it must meet the process and fire prevention requirements. Article 4.5.2 The summer room temperature of the main control room and the communication room should not exceed 35°C. The summer room temperature of the relay room, power capacitor room, battery room and indoor distribution device room should not exceed 40°C; the summer room temperature of the oil-immersed transformer room should not exceed 45°C; the summer room temperature of the reactor room should not exceed 55°C.
Article 4.5.3 The ventilation frequency per hour of the indoor distribution device room and the battery room and acid adjustment room using fully enclosed acid-proof and flameproof batteries should not be less than 6 times. The fan in the battery room should be explosion-proof. Section 6 Fire Prevention
Article 4.6.1 The fire resistance level of buildings and structures in the substation should not be lower than the requirements of Appendix 9 of this code. Article 4.6.2 The fire clearance distance between the substation and the buildings, yards and storage tanks outside the substation shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings". The minimum fire clearance distance between the equipment, buildings and equipment and buildings and structures inside the substation shall comply with the provisions of Appendix 10 of this code.
Article 4.6.3 The substation shall be equipped with an appropriate number of portable and cart-type chemical fire extinguishers for various oil-containing electrical equipment and buildings such as the main transformer according to the capacity and importance. For rooms such as the main control room with precision instruments and instrument equipment, fire extinguishers that will not cause contamination after extinguishing the fire should be installed in the room or in the nearby corridor. Article 4.6.4 When the fire clearance distance between outdoor oil-immersed transformers is less than the specified value in Appendix 10 of this code, a fireproof partition wall shall be set up. The wall shall be higher than the oil pillow and the wall length shall be greater than 0.5m on both sides of the oil storage pit. The fire clearance between outdoor oil-immersed transformers and oil-filled electrical equipment in the same circuit with an oil volume of more than 600kg should not be less than 5m. Article 4.6.5 For oil-filled electrical equipment such as main transformers, when the oil volume of a single oil tank is 1000kg or more, an oil storage pit and a total emergency oil pool should be set up at the same time, and their capacities should not be less than 20% of the oil volume of a single device and 60% of the oil volume of the largest single device, respectively. The length and width of the oil storage pit should be 1m larger than the external dimensions of the equipment on each side. The total emergency oil pool should have the function of separating oil and water, and its outlet should be led to a safe place. Article 4.6.6 The outlet of the oil release device or explosion-proof pipe of the main transformer should be led to the oil discharge port of the oil storage pit. Article 4.6.7 When the total oil volume of the oil-filled electrical equipment room is 100kg or more and there is a public corridor or other building outside the door, a non-combustible or difficult-to-combust solid door should be used. Article 4.6.8 At the entrance of cables from the outside to the indoors, at the exit of the cable shaft, and between the main control room and the cable layer, flame retardant and separation measures should be taken to prevent the spread of cable fire. Article 4.6.9 For unmanned substations located in urban areas, fire detection devices should be installed and remote signals should be sent to relevant units. For unmanned substations located in particularly important places, automatic fire extinguishing devices can be installed.Article 3 For buildings with important electrical equipment such as the main control building and the indoor power distribution device building, the waterproof standard of the roof should be appropriately increased according to needs. The roof drainage slope should not be less than 1/50, and organized drainage should be adopted. Article 4.3.4 For rooms with high dust prevention requirements such as the main control room and the communication room, the floor should be made of dust-free materials. Article 4.3.5 The walls, ceilings, doors and windows, the exposed parts of the exhaust fan and other metal structures or parts of the battery room and the acid adjustment room should be painted with acid-resistant paint or acid-resistant paint. The ground, wall skirts and piers should be made of acid-resistant and easy-to-clean surface materials, and an acid-proof separation layer should be set between the surface layer and the base layer. When a fully enclosed acid-proof and flameproof battery is used and reliable measures are taken, the acid-proof materials of the ground, wall skirts and piers can be appropriately lowered. The ground should have a drainage slope, and the acid water should be properly handled after being concentrated. Article 4.3.6 For the main buildings and multi-story brick-bearing buildings in the substation, it is advisable to install beams on every floor in areas with a ground protection intensity of 6 degrees, and to install ring beams on every floor in areas with a ground protection intensity of 7 degrees or above. Ring beams should be installed along the outer walls, longitudinal walls and transverse walls. The spacing of beams installed along the transverse walls should not be greater than 7m, otherwise the cross beams and ring beams should be connected. For cast-in-place or reinforced cast-in-place assembled integral floors or roofs, it is allowed not to install ring beams, but the slabs and walls must be reliably connected. Article 4.3.7 In substations with an earthquake fortification intensity of 6 degrees or above, the main buildings and multi-story brick load-bearing buildings shall be provided with reinforced concrete structural columns in the following locations: 1. Four corners of the external wall: 2. The intersection of the vertical and horizontal walls of the staggered parts of the house 3. The intersection of the vertical and horizontal walls of the staircase, GB 50059-92 4. The intersection of the vertical and horizontal walls with a floor height equal to or greater than 3.6m or a wall length greater than or equal to 7m; 5. All the intersections of the vertical and horizontal walls of buildings in areas with an earthquake fortification intensity of 8 degrees or above 6. For buildings in areas with an earthquake fortification intensity of 7 degrees, the vertical and horizontal walls shall be arranged one by one. Article 4.3.8 In addition to meeting the requirements for anti-seismic strength, the spacing between the main brick load-bearing buildings and multi-story brick load-bearing buildings in the substation shall not exceed the provisions of Appendix 5. Article 4.3.9 The local dimensions of multi-story brick load-bearing buildings should comply with the provisions of Appendix 6, but the parts with reinforced concrete structural columns are not subject to the restrictions of this table.
Section 4 Structures
Article 4.4.1 The calculated stiffness of the structure can be elastic stiffness for steel members connected by electric welding or flanges, 0.80 times elastic stiffness can be used for steel members connected by bolts, 0.60 to 0.80 times elastic stiffness can be used for reinforced concrete members, and 0.65 to 0.85 times elastic stiffness can be used for prestressed reinforced concrete members. The influence of long-term loads on the stiffness of reinforced concrete structures should be considered separately. Article 4.4.2 The maximum slenderness ratio of steel structure members shall comply with the provisions of Table 4.4.2. The overall slenderness ratio of various structural compression columns should not exceed 150. When there is a large margin for the force of the rod, the above slenderness ratio is allowed to be relaxed by 10% to 15%. Article 4.4.3 The calculation length of the compression rod of the herringbone column can be adopted according to Appendix 7 of this Code. Article 4.4.4 The calculation length of the compression rod of the tie wire (strip) structure can be adopted according to Appendix 8 of this Code. Table 4.4.2 Maximum slenderness ratio of steel structure members
Member name
Maximum allowable slenderness ratio
Compression chord and
Compression web at seat
General compression web
Auxiliary rod
Tension rod
Prestressed tension rod
Article 4.4.5 The calculated compression length of the chord and web of lattice steel beams or columns may be adopted in accordance with the following provisions: 1. Chord: When the front and side webs are not staggered, the calculated length is 1.0 times the internode length. When the front and side webs are staggered and angle steel is used for the chord, the calculated length is 1.2 times the internode length. The corresponding angle steel rotation radius is the value parallel to the axis. If the chord is made of steel, the calculated length is still 1.0 times the internode length. 2. For web members, the calculated length of the single web member is the length of the center line; for cross-arranged web members, when both web members are not disconnected and the intersection is connected by bolts or electric welding, the calculated length is the length of the center line of the longer section in the cross section. Article 4.4.6 The ratio of the root opening to the column height (the intersection point from the foundation surface to the column) of the herringbone column and the tie wire (strip) column should not be less than 1/7 and 1/5 respectively.
Article 4.4.7 The ratio of the beam height to the span of the lattice steel beam should not be less than 1/25, and this ratio of the reinforced concrete beam should not be less than 1/20. Article 4.4.8 The depth of the structure and equipment support column inserted into the foundation cup should not be less than the specified value in Table 4.4.8. According to the need for hoisting stability, the depth of the column inserted into the cup should not be less than 0.05 times the column length, but when measures such as setting temporary tie wires are taken during construction, it may not be restricted. Table 4.4.8 Depth of column insertion into the cup mouth
Type of column
, insertion into the cup mouth
Minimum depth
Copper reinforced concrete rectangular and I-shaped sections
Note: B and D are the long side size and diameter of the column respectively. Cement pole
GB50059--92
Section 5 Heating and Ventilation
Article 4.5.1 The heating, ventilation and air conditioning design of the substation shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Design Code for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning". In severely cold areas, all rooms where people are on duty, office and living, as well as rooms where processes and equipment require heating, should be equipped with heating facilities. In cold areas, heating facilities can be installed in rooms where processes or equipment require heating and it is difficult to meet production requirements without heating. In areas that are not severely cold or cold, local heating facilities can be used in rooms where people are often on duty, such as the main control room, according to the actual temperature. The heating method can be determined according to the scale of the substation and the technical and economic comparison based on local experience, but it must meet the process and fire prevention requirements. Article 4.5.2 The summer room temperature of the main control room and the communication room should not exceed 35°C. The summer room temperature of the relay room, power capacitor room, battery room and indoor distribution device room should not exceed 40°C; the summer room temperature of the oil-immersed transformer room should not exceed 45°C; the summer room temperature of the reactor room should not exceed 55°C.
Article 4.5.3 The ventilation frequency per hour of the indoor distribution device room and the battery room and acid adjustment room using fully enclosed acid-proof and flameproof batteries should not be less than 6 times. The fan in the battery room should be explosion-proof. Section 6 Fire Prevention
Article 4.6.1 The fire resistance level of buildings and structures in the substation should not be lower than the requirements of Appendix 9 of this code. Article 4.6.2 The fire clearance distance between the substation and the buildings, yards and storage tanks outside the substation shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings". The minimum fire clearance distance between the equipment, buildings and equipment and buildings and structures inside the substation shall comply with the provisions of Appendix 10 of this code.
Article 4.6.3 The substation shall be equipped with an appropriate number of portable and cart-type chemical fire extinguishers for various oil-containing electrical equipment and buildings such as the main transformer according to the capacity and importance. For rooms such as the main control room with precision instruments and instrument equipment, fire extinguishers that will not cause contamination after extinguishing the fire should be installed in the room or in the nearby corridor. Article 4.6.4 When the fire clearance distance between outdoor oil-immersed transformers is less than the specified value in Appendix 10 of this code, a fireproof partition wall shall be set up. The wall shall be higher than the oil pillow and the wall length shall be greater than 0.5m on both sides of the oil storage pit. The fire clearance between outdoor oil-immersed transformers and oil-filled electrical equipment in the same circuit with an oil volume of more than 600kg should not be less than 5m. Article 4.6.5 For oil-filled electrical equipment such as main transformers, when the oil volume of a single oil tank is 1000kg or more, an oil storage pit and a total emergency oil pool should be set up at the same time, and their capacities should not be less than 20% of the oil volume of a single device and 60% of the oil volume of the largest single device, respectively. The length and width of the oil storage pit should be 1m larger than the external dimensions of the equipment on each side. The total emergency oil pool should have the function of separating oil and water, and its outlet should be led to a safe place. Article 4.6.6 The outlet of the oil release device or explosion-proof pipe of the main transformer should be led to the oil discharge port of the oil storage pit. Article 4.6.7 When the total oil volume of the oil-filled electrical equipment room is 100kg or more and there is a public corridor or other building outside the door, a non-combustible or difficult-to-combust solid door should be used. Article 4.6.8 At the entrance of cables from the outside to the indoors, at the exit of the cable shaft, and between the main control room and the cable layer, flame retardant and separation measures should be taken to prevent the spread of cable fire. Article 4.6.9 For unmanned substations located in urban areas, fire detection devices should be installed and remote signals should be sent to relevant units. For unmanned substations located in particularly important places, automatic fire extinguishing devices can be installed.Article 3 For buildings with important electrical equipment such as the main control building and the indoor power distribution device building, the waterproof standard of the roof should be appropriately increased according to needs. The roof drainage slope should not be less than 1/50, and organized drainage should be adopted. Article 4.3.4 For rooms with high dust prevention requirements such as the main control room and the communication room, the floor should be made of dust-free materials. Article 4.3.5 The walls, ceilings, doors and windows, the exposed parts of the exhaust fan and other metal structures or parts of the battery room and the acid adjustment room should be painted with acid-resistant paint or acid-resistant paint. The ground, wall skirts and piers should be made of acid-resistant and easy-to-clean surface materials, and an acid-proof separation layer should be set between the surface layer and the base layer. When a fully enclosed acid-proof and flameproof battery is used and reliable measures are taken, the acid-proof materials of the ground, wall skirts and piers can be appropriately lowered. The ground should have a drainage slope, and the acid water should be properly handled after being concentrated. Article 4.3.6 For the main buildings and multi-story brick-bearing buildings in the substation, it is advisable to install beams on every floor in areas with a ground protection intensity of 6 degrees, and to install ring beams on every floor in areas with a ground protection intensity of 7 degrees or above. Ring beams should be installed along the outer walls, longitudinal walls and transverse walls. The spacing of beams installed along the transverse walls should not be greater than 7m, otherwise the cross beams and ring beams should be connected. For cast-in-place or reinforced cast-in-place assembled integral floors or roofs, it is allowed not to install ring beams, but the slabs and walls must be reliably connected. Article 4.3.7 In substations with an earthquake fortification intensity of 6 degrees or above, the main buildings and multi-story brick load-bearing buildings shall be provided with reinforced concrete structural columns in the following locations: 1. Four corners of the external wall: 2. The intersection of the vertical and horizontal walls of the staggered parts of the house 3. The intersection of the vertical and horizontal walls of the staircase, GB 50059-92 4. The intersection of the vertical and horizontal walls with a floor height equal to or greater than 3.6m or a wall length greater than or equal to 7m; 5. All the intersections of the vertical and horizontal walls of buildings in areas with an earthquake fortification intensity of 8 degrees or above 6. For buildings in areas with an earthquake fortification intensity of 7 degrees, the vertical and horizontal walls shall be arranged one by one. Article 4.3.8 In addition to meeting the requirements for anti-seismic strength, the spacing between the main brick load-bearing buildings and multi-story brick load-bearing buildings in the substation shall not exceed the provisions of Appendix 5. Article 4.3.9 The local dimensions of multi-story brick load-bearing buildings should comply with the provisions of Appendix 6, but the parts with reinforced concrete structural columns are not subject to the restrictions of this table.
Section 4 Structures
Article 4.4.1 The calculated stiffness of the structure can be elastic stiffness for steel members connected by electric welding or flanges, 0.80 times elastic stiffness can be used for steel members connected by bolts, 0.60 to 0.80 times elastic stiffness can be used for reinforced concrete members, and 0.65 to 0.85 times elastic stiffness can be used for prestressed reinforced concrete members. The influence of long-term loads on the stiffness of reinforced concrete structures should be considered separately. Article 4.4.2 The maximum slenderness ratio of steel structure members shall comply with the provisions of Table 4.4.2. The overall slenderness ratio of various structural compression columns should not exceed 150. When there is a large margin for the force of the rod, the above slenderness ratio is allowed to be relaxed by 10% to 15%. Article 4.4.3 The calculation length of the compression rod of the herringbone column can be adopted according to Appendix 7 of this Code. Article 4.4.4 The calculation length of the compression rod of the tie wire (strip) structure can be adopted according to Appendix 8 of this Code. Table 4.4.2 Maximum slenderness ratio of steel structure members
Member name
Maximum allowable slenderness ratio
Compression chord and
Compression web at seat
General compression web
Auxiliary rod
Tension rod
Prestressed tension rod
Article 4.4.5 The calculated compression length of the chord and web of lattice steel beams or columns may be adopted in accordance with the following provisions: 1. Chord: When the front and side webs are not staggered, the calculated length is 1.0 times the internode length. When the front and side webs are staggered and angle steel is used for the chord, the calculated length is 1.2 times the internode length. The corresponding angle steel rotation radius is the value parallel to the axis. If the chord is made of steel, the calculated length is still 1.0 times the internode length. 2. For web members, the calculated length of the single web member is the length of the center line; for cross-arranged web members, when both web members are not disconnected and the intersection is connected by bolts or electric welding, the calculated length is the length of the center line of the longer section in the cross section. Article 4.4.6 The ratio of the root opening to the column height (the intersection point from the foundation surface to the column) of the herringbone column and the tie wire (strip) column should not be less than 1/7 and 1/5 respectively.
Article 4.4.7 The ratio of the beam height to the span of the lattice steel beam should not be less than 1/25, and this ratio of the reinforced concrete beam should not be less than 1/20. Article 4.4.8 The depth of the structure and equipment support column inserted into the foundation cup should not be less than the specified value in Table 4.4.8. According to the need for hoisting stability, the depth of the column inserted into the cup should not be less than 0.05 times the column length, but when measures such as setting temporary tie wires are taken during construction, it may not be restricted. Table 4.4.8 Depth of column insertion into the cup mouth
Type of column
, insertion into the cup mouth
Minimum depth
Copper reinforced concrete rectangular and I-shaped sections
Note: B and D are the long side size and diameter of the column respectively. Cement pole
GB50059--92
Section 5 Heating and Ventilation
Article 4.5.1 The heating, ventilation and air conditioning design of the substation shall comply with the relevant provisions of the c
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