This standard specifies the diagnostic criteria and treatment principles for occupational acute vanadium poisoning. This standard applies to acute poisoning caused by inhalation of various vanadium compound fumes or dusts during occupational activities, with vanadium pentoxide being the main component. GBZ 47-2002 Occupational Acute Vanadium Poisoning Diagnostic Criteria GBZ47-2002 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

ICS13.100
National Occupational Health Standard of the People's Republic of China GBZ47-2002
Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Acute Vanadium Poisoning2002-04-08 Issued
2002-06-01 Implementation
Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China
3 Issued
Article 6.1 of this standard is recommended, and the rest are mandatory. This standard is formulated in accordance with the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases". From the date of implementation of this standard, if the original standard GB11514-1989 is inconsistent with this standard, this standard shall prevail. Vanadium is an important industrial raw material, and various compounds composed of vanadium are widely used in mining, metallurgy, chemical industry and other industries. Large-scale exposure to vanadium smoke or dust can cause acute vanadium poisoning. In order to protect the health of workers, the state issued GB11514-1989 in 1989.
There has been no significant progress in the clinical research of acute vanadium poisoning in the past five years. This standard, while maintaining the characteristics of vanadium poisoning itself, pays attention to the unification of the relevant contents of the "Diagnostic Standards for Acute Chemical Poisoning Respiratory Diseases in Occupational Diseases". In accordance with the relevant provisions of the "Drafting and Expression Rules for Occupational Disease Diagnosis Standards", the original standard has been partially supplemented and modified. Appendix A of this standard is an informative appendix.
This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Liaoning Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute and the Liaoning Chemical Industry Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute of the Ministry of Chemical Industry. Anshan Iron and Steel Company Labor Health Research Institute, Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company Labor Health Protection Research Institute, Jinzhou Labor Health Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang Railway Bureau Shenyang Hospital, Benxi Iron and Steel Company Labor Health Research Institute, Shenyang Yuhong District Health and Epidemic Prevention Station and Shenyang Shenhe District Health and Epidemic Prevention Station participated in the drafting. This standard is interpreted by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. Diagnostic criteria for occupational acute vanadium poisoning
GBZ47-2002
Occupational acute vanadium poisoning refers to a systemic disease with eye and respiratory damage as the main manifestation caused by short-term exposure to a large amount of vanadium compound smoke or dust in occupational activities. 1 Scope
This standard specifies the diagnostic criteria and treatment principles for occupational acute vanadium poisoning. This standard applies to acute poisoning caused by inhalation of various vanadium compound smoke or dust in occupational activities, among which vanadium pentoxide is the main one.
2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all dated referenced documents, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties to the agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all undated referenced documents, the latest versions shall apply to this standard.
GB/T16180
3 Diagnostic principles
Occupational skin disease diagnostic standards (general principles) Occupational chemical skin burn diagnostic standards Occupational chemical eye burn diagnostic standards
Occupational acute chemical poisoning respiratory disease diagnostic standards Identification of the degree of disability caused by work-related injuries and occupational diseases of workers Based on the occupational history of short-term exposure to a large amount of vanadium compounds, clinical manifestations mainly of eye and respiratory system damage, chest X-ray findings, reference to the results of on-site labor hygiene surveys, comprehensive analysis, and exclusion of similar diseases caused by other causes, a diagnosis can be made.
4 Irritation reaction
There are transient eye burning sensations, tearing, runny nose, sore throat, coughing, shortness of breath and other eye and upper respiratory tract irritation symptoms, green moss may appear, no positive signs in the lungs, and no abnormalities in chest X-ray examinations. 5 Diagnostic criteria
The above symptoms are aggravated, with prominent manifestations such as frequent and severe coughing, congestion, redness and swelling of the conjunctiva and nasopharynx, and green tongue coating, dry or wet rales in both lungs, and chest X-ray examination shows changes such as increased and thickened lung texture and blurred edges. The above manifestations are consistent with acute tracheitis or bronchitis or peribronchitis. In more serious cases, dyspnea and rash occur, with the main signs being wet rales at the lung base or both dry and wet rales coexisting, and patchy shadows can be seen in both lower lungs on chest X-ray examination. The above manifestations are consistent with the treatment principles of bronchopneumonia
Treatment principles
6.1.1 Immediately leave the scene and pay attention to changes in the condition. According to the specific situation, symptomatic treatment such as oxygen inhalation, cough suppressant, expectorant, and asthma relief should be given, and sensitive antibiotics should be selected for those with concurrent infection. For the prevention and treatment of severe cases, refer to GBZ73.
6.2 Other treatments
Poisoned patients can resume their original work after recovery: Severe cases of chronic bronchitis after poisoning should be transferred from their original jobs or arranged to rest as appropriate after comprehensive judgment based on previous health monitoring data, chest X-ray and lung function test results. If labor capacity assessment is required, it shall be handled in accordance with GB/T16180. Instructions for the correct use of this standard
See Appendix A (Informative Appendix).
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Instructions for the correct use of this standard
A.1 This standard applies to acute poisoning caused by contact with vanadium iron alloys, vanadium oxides, vanadates, etc., among which vanadium pentoxide is the main one. The diagnosis and treatment of similar diseases caused by the use of vanadium as a catalyst, the combustion of heavy oil and ash explosion treatment can also be implemented by reference. However, it does not include the effects of long-term exposure to low-concentration vanadium compounds on the respiratory system of workers and acute poisoning caused by accidental ingestion of vanadium compounds.
A.2 Short-term exposure to high concentrations of vanadium compounds generally refers to exposure time ranging from more than ten minutes to several hours. However, due to the influence of factors such as the physical and chemical properties of vanadium compounds, environmental concentrations and individual differences, the incubation period of acute poisoning can sometimes reach two or three levels.
A.3 The irritation reaction is only a transient reaction, generally not more than 24 hours, and does not fall into the category of acute poisoning. The diagnostic starting point for acute vanadium poisoning is acute bronchitis or peribronchitis. A.4 Acute vanadium poisoning must have symptoms and signs of respiratory damage, but they are not necessarily parallel to chest X-ray manifestations. In actual work, the diagnosis cannot be denied because of typical clinical manifestations but lack of X-ray changes. The diagnosis should be made after comprehensive analysis based on the specific situation.
A.5 "Green tongue" appears in some vanadium-exposed workers and acutely poisoned patients. It has no toxicological significance in itself and is not related to the degree of poisoning, but the color depth is related to the vanadium exposure concentration to a certain extent, so it can be used as a very valuable objective sign of occupational exposure to vanadium.
A.6 Acute vanadium poisoning should be differentiated from upper respiratory tract infection, influenza, asthmatic bronchitis or other irritant gas poisoning. Urinary vanadium is a relatively sensitive biological exposure indicator and can be used as a reference for diagnosis and differential diagnosis when the exposure history is unclear. However, the urine vanadium concentration is not parallel to the degree of poisoning, so it cannot be used as a diagnostic indicator. A.7 Acute vanadium poisoning is often accompanied by skin damage such as itching, burning sensation, rash, eczematous dermatitis, etc. Vanadates are clearly corrosive to the skin and eyes, and can cause chemical skin burns or chemical eye burns. Its diagnosis and treatment can refer to GBZ51 or GBZ54. bzxz.net
A.8 There are currently no reports of chemical pulmonary edema, acute respiratory distress syndrome and other serious secondary complications caused by acute vanadium poisoning: if discovered, they can be treated according to GBZ73.
A.9 Acute vanadium poisoning with a significant increase in urine vanadium can be treated with metal chelating agents such as calcium disodium edetate,
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