This standard specifies the materials used for water tube boilers and their allowable stresses; it also specifies the strength calculation method for pressure components such as drums, headers, tubes, heads and special-shaped components, and the verification test method for determining the maximum allowable calculated pressure. This standard is applicable to fixed water tube steam boilers and fixed water tube hot water boilers with a rated pressure of not less than 0.10MPa. GB/T 9222-1988 Strength calculation of pressure components of water tube boilers GB/T9222-1988 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

LTC 621.191.02: 620.1
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB 9222—8H
Strength calculation of pressure partsfor water tube boilers
Published on 1988-06-06
1989-01-01 Implementation
The State Administration of Technical Supervision issued
Material and Xu Shili
2Calculation of boiler screen
3Calculation of medical box
4Calculation of pipes and boiler guards 5Calculation of shaped heads
6Calculation of flat ends, flat plugs and differentials
Reinforcement calculation of holes
8Calculation of special-shaped components
9Determination of the allowable calculation pressure of components Appendix A: The allowable stress of common steel materials at different calculated full overflow temperatures (), (filling parts) B: The approximate calculation method of the bending coefficient of the weak section of the machine [more tests] C: Example (test) (27) National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Strength calculation of pressure components of water tube boilers
Strengthcaleulatianof preuswrepartafor watortubebollch
GB9222-8
This standard specifies the materials and allowable stresses for water-fired boilers: it also specifies the strength ratio calculation method for pressure-sensitive components such as boiler bodies, box bodies, tubes, heads and special-shaped components, and the verification test method for determining the allowable calculated pressure of the domain. This standard is applicable to fixed water-tube curtain steam-controlled boilers and fixed water-tube hot water boilers with a rated pressure of not less than 0.10MP. For peak load units and other boilers with frequent cumulative starts and large parameter fluctuations, this standard can be used for calculation. Fatigue strength check must be carried out. The design, manufacture, installation, operation, maintenance and modification of boilers shall comply with the "Technical Supervision Regulations for Steam Engineering", "Technical Supervision Regulations for Domestic Hot Water Boilers" and relevant technical regulations and standards for boiler manufacturing issued by the Ministry of Labor and Personnel. 1 Materials and allowable stresses 1.1 Special symbols The meanings and units of the symbols used in this chapter are as follows: d The tensile strength of the material at 20°C, MPL; The service limit or condition limit of the material at 20°C (residual deformation is 0.2%): MPa: limit of deformation or conditional expansion limit of the material at the calculated temperature (residual deformation is 0.2%), M: Product - the endurance strength of the material at the calculated temperature for 10h, MPa; elongation of the material at 20°C, %;
- allowable stress, MPa;
[] - basic allowable stress, MPa;
- safety factor corresponding to tensile strength;
- safety factor for the inertia limit of the component due to the change of the limit of inertia H
- safety factor corresponding to 10° endurance strength: - Basic action stress The correct system of force; calculation of the whole, death;
medium rated average temperature, seven;
--corresponding to the medium temperature and pressure under the calculated pressure; (hot water boiler is the average temperature of the medium,) medium coefficient:
seat difference,:
a boiler simple parts, including the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the box body and the pipe S-fall, Tan:
i-steel thermal conductivity, up w/(m·)
-maximum thermal conductivity, 1w/bzxZ.net
a2 internal heat release coefficient to the medium, kw / (m, t); -- average flow coefficient,
Approved by the Ministry of Machinery, Combustion and Electronics Industry on May 23, 1988 and implemented on January 1, 1989
GB 9111-88
1.2.1 The materials of water tube boiler pressure elements shall comply with the provisions of the current standards of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry for boiler protection materials. The materials not listed in this standard shall comply with the relevant provisions of the "Technical Supervision Program for Safety of Steam Boilers" or the "Technical Supervision Program for Safety of Hot Water Boilers".
12.2 The plates used to manufacture boiler protection pressure elements shall have good properties and their elongation shall not be less than 18%. L3 Allowable stress
1.3.1 The allowable stress provisions of this case and Appendix A for steel materials are only applicable to water tube steel furnace pressure elements. The allowable stress is calculated as follows:
() = (a)
Basic allowable stress shall be calculated by the following formula and the minimum value shall be: C,
When calculating, the statistical lower limit of a large number of test results of steel (plates and pipes) shall be taken; the average value of the 10h technical monitoring result of the large salt test shall be taken: Safety factor: 6 = 2.7
The basic allowable stress of domestic boiler steel seals shall be the value given in Table 1, and the basic allowable stress of non-combustible steel shall be the
combustion positive coefficient given by the supplier + the fuel consumption coefficient + fuel consumption coefficient. According to the characteristics of the components and the working conditions, the materials listed in 1.1.2 and the last listed in Table 1 can be selected according to the recommendations in Table 2. If they meet the relevant provisions in Article 1.2, their basic allowable stress can be calculated according to formula (2) (5). When calculating, the lower guarantee value of the corresponding steel grade shall be taken: only when there is no When there is a guaranteed value, the sample test can be used, and the minimum value and the average value of the test results shall be multiplied by .9 as the calculated value. The drag mixing test shall be carried out according to the relevant standard limits.
L.13 The required furnace low carbon steel, low carbon catalyzed steel and low carbon research steel shall be below 350°C, and the heat strength of other low alloy steels shall be below 400°C. The basic details shall be calculated by formulas (2) and (3) only, and formula (4) need not be considered. 2
Standard Trademark
Calculation 340
GB 922288
Basic allowable stress of boiler steel under different calculated wall temperature[allowable]20
G3087GB713GE5310
GB 713
15CrMo
12CrlMoy2C:2MowV12Cr3Mavst
Tia'(102)
Tia'(li)
GB5310:
GE 5310
GB5310
Certificate number
GB3087GB3087
Model 580
Starting|590
6E922288
Twisted table 1
Previous: To serve the number [, let some thickness, must consider the red load chemical machine first, 15CrMo
GB5310
12rlMoV12Cr2MaWv12Cr3oVSi
TiB'(2)
GB531 0
Ge5310
The calculation result of the steel point should not exceed 430%, for 20G idle, the maintenance requirement is within 20 years, and the high rate can reach 450%.
@Applicable plate: 20g, 560um, 16, 536mm, ①The efficiency can be determined by comparing the efficiency between the two groups. The efficiency value after the minimum efficiency point is determined by the calculation method. The corresponding efficiency value in the steel rate table is 0.0, the basic allowable value of the steel grade can be used. When using this number, the corresponding 90 can be taken. The numbers below the potential in the table are calculated according to the average degree and the rise. The reverse energy corresponding to this effect can indicate the period of this change. The allowable stress is calculated based on the material transmission and the torsion. For the belt number, the northern girl effect is not small and indicates the starting point of the basic allowable stress of the elastic skin. Table 2 positive coefficient month
component type and working parts
disease quotient and collective standard quotient
improper heat [in the period of reverse or can be heated)
heat smoke blue not 600)
academic heat (smoke volume rainbow over 60D)
all sons (including the rear head) and the boiler model of the tube selection convex head || tt||Flat-shaped parts
Four-shaped parts
Not heated (outside the pipeline or may be heated
Not heated [smoke exceeds 600°C]
For the condensed parts, the temperature is more than 600°C. For the condensed parts with a pressure of not less than 13.7MPa, the temperature is taken as 0.904°C. 1.4.1 For the strength calculation of the wall temperature, the temperature of the components is taken as the value of the temperature inside and outside the high-pressure parts. When the temperature is determined, the hot steam concentration of the casting furnace is within the allowable range and is not considered by the internal range. In any case, the calculated value of the boiler should not be less than 250°C. 1.4.2 The calculation of boiler, boiler and pipe shall be determined according to Tables 3 to 5. Table 3 The calculation of boiler wall shall be based on the following record:
Water is naturally exposed (outside the channel)
Adopt geothermal indicators that can be used as a collection of business and pull
No problem
In the small
In the guardhouse
In the channel (KI is for the channel
The channel is 600-900 For the ice channel, the channel is for
In the channel or furnace cavity with a temperature of more than 900: 1 The boiler is not hot, and the calculation formula of this installation is based on the water-air selection heat analysis condition. 2 The radiation through the tube bundle is not large, and the difference in natural impact can be calculated based on the surface. 3. The type of the boiler should meet the requirements of Table B. Table 4. The calculation of the wall temperature of the nest box and the anti-scorch body "water or water compound saturated steam superheated steam plate deep channel external core change) in the channel, the sampling spot is reliable. The direct control of the radiation and combustion products in the smoke channel does not exceed 600 degrees, the smoke temperature is not in the convection smoke into the smoke, the heat is not in the woman alone, the small pure feeling "in the smoke extension (not the heat) in the smoke, the sampling can be limited, just the drag and fuel point pull effect in the smoke group does not exceed D of the condensation state. In the non-adiabatic convection bad in the fast resistance of 600900℃, in the non-adiabatic period 2 outside the period (non-adiabatic potential) in the flue, to take the possible range of potential indicators, to prevent the radiation and the product of the vertical connection in the current not let 600℃ flow period, in the period of 600900℃ convection bad in the flue, the non-adiabatic calculation is too
Ia= rg
1,=1,+40
rg=+20
fg=t,+30
f-t+50
4g -fg+90
and the calculation formula
fe=fy+50
tu =r,+110
g4g+40
I=-2+7A
=-50+X
Note: 1 For the heated steam-water mixture tank and auxiliary header, the calculation formula given in this table does not appear in the system. 2 The thickness of the non-insulated header shall meet the requirements of Article 3.6. s
The required thickness of the header shall meet the requirements of Article 3.6. GB922288
Table 5 Pipes and sections of the total overflow section shall not change the pressure of MPa4 without any change. Comparison type when drying the guest
Model type header
All conditions
If the circuit force is calculated Data, 4 system integration theory proposes the following training method selection:
convection type with
operating period unchanged book)
1.4.3 For the above 3 years, the table 5 does not include the nearly large situation, the following formula can be used to determine the wall type: a. Boiler type
h. Firewood type
1000:
Tu=tr+24m
Calculation formula
rr,+60
%=1+100
1.4.11 The 4mx shown in table 5 and formulas () to (8) should be eliminated, and the effect determined by the furnace heat and water dynamics should be carefully calculated and implemented:
return the difference A. In any case, it should not be reduced. The medium mixing coefficient X, for ten headers, is called 0.50; when the mass enters from the end of the header, it is allowed to be equal; for the "heat energy superheated steam header", the whole is healthy, the mountain should be taken as X=, the thermal conductivity coefficient is taken according to the treatment of the special inspection,
1 boiler body calculation
2.1 format description
The meaning of the new calendar symbols in this unit is as follows
5 The overall thickness of the pot is calculated, || tt||Sio. The pot is simplified and only needs to be slightly changed. The original mmS is tightened and the name is *m;
S, the simplified effect is adjusted, m
The pipe is connected and the thickness is thick, and the difference between the negative value and the process is reduced. The old brain heat is thickened, mm;
The negative value and process reduction of the board are forbidden Additional wall storage, mm; Boiler shell outer diameter, mm:
D. Boiler shell inner diameter, mm:
Outer weight of boiler joint, mm;
--The ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter calculated by the theoretical calculation of the thickness of the pipe body: the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner weight of the shell: the first MPa
Check the statistical height to allow the calculation of the pressure gauge pressure): MP working pressure (corrected) MPa; ||tt| |Boiler bottle rated pressure (boiler nameplate pressure, gauge pressure), MPa; AP-the value obtained by the safety limit pressure at the boiler outlet and the rated pressure, MPaaP
Calculate the pressure drop between the components and the boiler outlet when the flow plate is large, MP; Calculate the static positive force on the components, MPo;
Water pressure test question and high allowable pressure (gauge pressure): MPa; Calculate the control force, MPa
Material service limit or system service limit (residual deformation at 20 0.2%), MPa: longitudinal hole bridge weakening coefficient:
transverse hole bridge base coefficient;
oblique hole powder reduction coefficient:
material to milk bridge reduction coefficient
coal seam or weak coefficient;
item small reduction feather coefficient:
detailed mother small effect disease coefficient
control core world sparse feather coefficient:
minimum weakening coefficient during water pressure test:
oblique confluence bridge Conversion factor
Minimum pitch of holes without considering shadow elimination, mm: longitudinal axial spacing between adjacent holes, mm
Transverse (circumferential) and equal pitch of holes, mm
Diameter of hole, inner diameter of integral welded pipe joint, size of comb support in the direction of the pitch, mm
Average value of adjacent diameters, mm | |tt||.\—Check the maximum bending stress of the section, MPa Check the concave moment of the section, N+:
Check the variable section coefficient, m
Note: J refers to the thickness of the material selected according to the raw material specifications, that is, the thickness of the material marked on the expansion drawing. 2) When the allowable stress of the pipe joint material is [], the allowable stress of the simplified material [, then the weight of the head is taken as the calculation formula of 251-
22. |2.2.1 The theoretical wall thickness of the boiler body is calculated as follows: S
The minimum required strength of the boiler body can be calculated as follows: The wall thickness of the boiler body in front of the boiler body should meet the following requirements:
GB9222-88
emin［e]
S yuanr+
22.2 The permissible coefficient of the boiler body is calculated as follows: -PPe+S)
S, and then calculated as follows:
5 -st
22.3 Check the calculation and the maximum permissible hydraulic pressure of the boiler bed is calculated as follows: [P - 29r Co) s,
13 is calculated by formula 12, and is equal to: S can be the possible corrosion value after the actual measurement at the place. At this time, the minimum value of 5, and A, should be substituted into formula (1). In addition, the aluminum theory high allowable calculated pressure obtained by formula 13 can also meet the requirements of opening pressure in Chapter 7. 2.2.4 Formulas [9], (11) and (13) are applicable to the scope of 9,1.2. The value is calculated by formula F β=1+
2.3 Calculation pressure and working pressure
2.3.1 The calculated pressure of the olefin is calculated by the formula 5
The working force P, is calculated by the actual calculation:
P,=P.+AP,+4P
When the static pressure value of the end of the olefin body is not more than 3% of (F,+AP.+AP). Take 4P as zero. 24 Weakening coefficient
24.1 The minimum exhaustion coefficient of formula (9) is taken as the inter-stage welding chain base weakness coefficient A, the longitudinal hole bridge weakening coefficient and the equivalent weakening coefficient of the longitudinal hole bridge. Twice the longitudinal hole bridge weakening coefficient 2, and the equivalent weakening coefficient of the oblique hole bridge 2, but if the hole bridge is located above the welding avoidance, the relevant provisions of Article 2.10.3 of the technology should be used,
2.4.2 According to the boiler manufacturing technology, the welding chain that has passed the inspection can be selected according to Table 6. 8
According to the friendly method
Manual electric welding
Automatic welding
Electric welding
GE922-88
Table 6 Welding chain weakening coefficient
Type
Double-sided welding with a city mouth to the plate
Single front welding with hydrogen arc welding primer with grooved butt welding Some single-sided welding without chaotic arc welding has a tower mouth to the welding chain in the spring frog root Note: When the basic allowable stress is determined by the endurance strength, for the welding load of 4>0.0, the value in the table is: for the welding load of 4>0.0, take 0.80.2.4.3 When the pitch between two adjacent parts (longitudinal, transverse or oblique) is greater than or equal to the value calculated by formula (17), it is not necessary to calculate according to the hole analysis:
t=d+2(u, +s) s
However, if the opening diameter is greater than the maximum allowable diameter of the reinforced hole determined in accordance with Article 7.2.2, it shall be strengthened in accordance with the provisions of Articles 7.4.1 to 7.4.4.
24.4 If the pitch of the two holes is less than that determined in accordance with formula (17, and the diameters of the two holes are both less than the maximum allowable diameter of the unreinforced hole, the hole bridge reduction coefficient shall be calculated in accordance with the provisions of 2.4.5 to 2.4.12. If the true diameter of the two holes is greater than the maximum unreinforced diameter of the unreinforced hole determined in Article 7.2.2, it shall be calculated in accordance with the provisions of 7. Under the conditions required by 5.1, the holes are treated as if they were non-holes according to the provisions of 7.4.1 to 7.4.4. After incubation, the hole is treated as if it were non-holes. 2.4.5 The hole bridge reduction coefficient of two adjacent holes of equal diameter (Figure 1) is calculated according to the following formula: (18)
2.4.6 The hole side reduction coefficient of two adjacent holes of equal diameter (Figure 2) is calculated according to the following formula: (19)
In the formula, the transverse pitch should be equal to the average diameter of the cylinder (D+S) and the pitch height line on the circumference
Figure 1 Bridge
GB 9222-88
2.4.7 The reduction coefficient of the hole bridge between two adjacent supports with equal diameters (Figure 3) is calculated as follows: 04=8
In the formula, the conversion coefficient of the oblique hole is calculated as follows: 0.75
(1+μ*)2
where: n=
Figure 2 Tree support
Note: The distance between the two holes in the direction of the average diameter of the simplified body when calculating the reduction coefficient of the oblique hole bridge is the distance between the two holes in the direction of the simplified body axis when calculating the reduction coefficient of the Shushan hole bridge. Figure 3 Oblique hole correction coefficient
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