GB/T 4470-1998 Terminology for flame emission, atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence spectrometry
Some standard content:
ICS 07. 040. 71:71.040.40
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 4470-1998
1dt JSO 6955: 1982
Analytical spectroscopic methodsFlame emission.alomic absorplion andatomic fluorescence-Vocabulary1998-10-20 Issued
Implemented on 1999-05-01
Issued by the State Administration of Measurement and Technology of Mongolia
GI/I 4470 -1998
This standard is equivalent to the international standard IS06955:1982 <Spectrometry - Flame Emission, Atomic Absorption and Atomic Fluorescence> and is a derivative of the original flame emission and fluorescence spectrometry methods of GT4470-1984. The technical specifications are the same as those of the international standard, and the writing method is completely opposite to that of the international standard. No editing changes have been made. The original terms not included in the original HT47-1k41130B955 have been deleted. In this way, the terminology in the field of atomic absorption in my country can be aligned with the international standards as soon as possible to meet the needs of international investment and economic changes and the adoption of international standards. This standard will replace GB/T701064 from now on.
Appendix A to this standard, Appendix B to this standard This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the People's Republic of China; the standard was drafted by the Institute of Chemical Industry of the Ministry of Chemical Industry. The main drafter of the standard is the Ministry of Chemical Industry. The first publication date of the standard is June 5, 1984. The Ministry of Chemical Industry entrusted the Ministry of Chemical Industry to interpret the standard: GB/14470-1998
ISO Foreword
[50] (International Standard for Chemical Organization) is a worldwide national standard body (ISO). The formulation of international standards is carried out by technical committees. For each item of the established technical committee, each member has the right to join the technical committee, and after contacting the organization, government or non-governmental organizations may also participate in this work. The draft international standard adopted by the technical committee will be approved as an international standard by the ISO Council at the 130th session of the International Standard Committee. Before becoming an international standard, it must be promoted and approved by all member groups. International Standard ISC 6955 was developed by ISC 47 Chemical Technical Committee and was sent to all member groups in March 1981. This standard has been approved by the member groups at present. According to the inquiry of the General Manager of Haitianlia, Mexico, no related groups have expressed their unwillingness to adopt this standard. South Africa
1 Standard of the People's Republic of China
Terminology of Flame Emission, Atomic Absorption and Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometric Methods
Analytical spectrirscapic methods-Flame emission, atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence spectrometric methods Vocahulary CB/T 4470—1998
idt TS 5955:1982
Generation #Gh471
This standard defines the narrow terminology of flame emission and atomic absorption spectrometric methods with the aim of promoting understanding among readers.
To achieve the greatest possible uniformity, this standard has taken into account existing French and English terminology and, in particular, has added 1 UIAC (International Institute of Interpretation and Applied Chemistry) terminology. 2 Normative references
The texts included in the following standards have become recognized standards through their use in this standard. This standard is valid for the time being: all publications are valid for the parties using this standard. 3 Terms and definitions
General terms
"Optical Instruments" (eciRECDy), established by the International Association for the Study of Materials Science and Engineering (ICIRECDy),Spectral line srctrul line(uatum)3.1. 12
The spectral line is the result of the emission and reception of the electrons. Its frequency band is non-band, and this weak radiation forms a pattern. The missing wavelength is used to indicate the carrier, and the corresponding emission or absorption line and the harmonic increase line along the carrier should be distinguished. For example, the spectrum of Ba atom is: BaI555,5537.8nm; the spectrum line of Ba ion is H1455.4rm. Note that the spectrum obtained by the "continued" microscope is not a single long or short packet. 3.T.13 Line Profile
Line profile plotting the variation of emission intensity with wavelength (emission line) or plotting the variation of absorption rate with absorption length (half width of absorption line halE-intensitywidth
The wavelength between two points on the spectrum fan where the intensity is equal to half of the maximum intensity: 3.1.15 Resonance line lune
Characteristic line 3.1.16Chareleriline
Characteristic line of flame atomic emission, which is used to determine the concentration of the element to be measured in the gas phase by fluorescence spectrophotometry. Other characteristics:
3.1.17Self-absorption
The emission from the emitting atoms in the source is partly absorbed by the emission source, and the emission is very close to the optical path. The spectrum of the emitting source with the same number of emitting atoms in the same area is compared with the self-absorption effect. The intensity of the spectral line is reduced and the line width is enlarged. All emitting sources, except for the mature emission of charring and tin, are fully absorbed. 3.7. 18
Self-reversal:
A phenomenon that occurs when the intensity of a line in the center is lower than that on the sides. This phenomenon occurs because the radiation in the center of the spectral line is absorbed by the outer layer of the emitting gas, which is cooler than the center. In extreme cases, the center of the line is exhausted and there are no two sides, showing two blurred lines. 3. 1. 19 Line broadening r-hrradha:imp is used to generate light-weight thermal motion Dopp effect electric field (Tucker effect) and positive (Laurent effect) effect and the potential line of the original increase! This phenomenon leads to the decrease of the measurement sensitivity of some drugs. 3.1.20 (Molecular) Spectrum Bunel (mulular) CB/T44707998
Check the energy driven by the non-rotating effect and the vibration tube, which is also a magnetically hated molecular emission or absorption of this H version of the extremely narrow spectrum line cake:
3.2 Terminology related to the special A-type emission equipment and the output energy of the flame cap emission, atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence equipment 3.2.1 Line light source
3.2.1.1 Disrhagc lamp
A lamp filled with vapor or gas that can be excited by a high-frequency electric field passing through it and produces the characteristic charge of the elements contained in it. 3.2.1.2 Anode lamp hellaw-aihoiteJamF A type of lamp that discharges electricity. It has a hollow body with one or more elements attached to it, which can emit the characteristic lines of the element vapor in the center of the lamp
32.1-3 (high-frequency excitation) Electrodeless (high-frequency excitation) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless (electrodeless) Electrodeless
Volatization
Converting the solute particles containing the analyte from the solid phase and/or the submerged phase to the gas phase. 3-2.2.3 Atomization, ttomixilisrConverting the chemical containing the element to be analyzed into atomized vapor. 3.2.2.4 Atomizer
Device for the occurrence of atomization
3-2.2.5 Total efficiency of atomization nveraleirinryulaiomixlian the mass of the element to be measured that is converted into white atoms in the atomizer and the mass of the element to be measured that enters the atomizer: the number of atoms (locfractioaomized
the ratio of the number of free ions in the element to be measured in the gas to the total number of atoms in the core 3.2.2.7
(the origin of the atomization) The device that causes white atoms to be converted into excited states, 3.2.2.8 (of the sample) dispersion (af theaample) converts all or part of a commercial or bulk sample into a physically small form so that it can be easily ionized when entering the atomizer
3.2.2.9 (Analysis efficiency of the sample yfdi (of-h) is the ratio of the analyte entering the atomic position to the ionized substance in the dispersed state. 3.2.3 Atomizer
Note: The peak emission in the atomizer is used as the excitation signal, the atomic absorption signal is used as the atomized product, 3.2. 3. 1. A flame is a hot gas source medium in a state of continuous flow. The heat is exchanged between the raw material and the oxidant to form a chemical reaction. The flame is composed of a first combustion zone, a second combustion zone and a flame accelerator. 3.2.3.2 Fuel el is a reducing agent that can react with the oxidant to provide the energy required for the atomization and combustion. 3.2.3.3 Oxidant axidanl is a chemical substance that can react with the fuel to provide the required energy for the atomization and combustion. 3.2.3.4 External adcitional gases CR/±: 4470--1998
When the mixture is in the fuel, the appropriate dilution gas is involved in the chemical reaction to prevent the gas from participating in the chemical reaction. Oxidizing flame; Cargo flame uxidivingLuneafmelkrlamp3.2-3.5
The flame when using an oxidizer.
3.2.3.6 Reducing flame; High pressure fuel flame reducing tlame; fuel-h f.ame The flame when the pressure is too high: bZxz.net
3.2.3.7 Separation
The flame tower where the second combustion zone is separated from the first combustion zone. 3.2.3.B (Original Unmodified) Pipe-mounted benefit lung-lubedev.cetin alomicabzorp:on) the device of extending the fire from the beginning, it can make the combustion airflow and the direction of the beam consistent with the device 3.2.3.9 layer flame latninarflrlc
the combustion airflow is close to the parallel flash fire! Its cross section can be low or wide flow kturbulentflemc
the gas product does not choose the flame of the shape of the flame, 3.2, 3.11
premix burner [rmixburr
fuel, stoker and gas are mixed after the top of the fire explosion, this kind of burner can produce a kind of flow flame,
3.2.3.12 direct injection type combustion diret-injeartioyburner fuel is injected into the flame without pre-combination of the flame, the condenser usually produces the required flame. 3.2.3.13 Observe the vertical height of the blasting device. 3.2.3.14 Bulizao
The process by which a liquid is converted into a flame mist,
and|| heat is released
3.2.3.15
The process by which a high-energy source (e.g., spark, radiation, laser, or electron beam) is used to produce a gaseous substance. 3.2.3.16 Bulizao
The process by which a liquid is converted into a flame mist,
and|| heat is released
3.2.3.16 Bulizao
The process by which a liquid is converted into a flame mist,
and|| heat is released
3.2.3.17 Bulizao
The process by which a liquid is converted into a flame mist,
and|| heat is released
3.2.3.18 Bulizao
The process by which a liquid is converted into a flame mist,
and|| heat is released
3.2.3.19 Bulizao
The process by which a liquid is converted into a flame mist,
and|| heat is released
3.2.3.1
3.7.3.18 Flow spot
Use the airflow produced by the spray to produce a large amount of air in the sea. 3.2.3.19 The rate of aspirate the aspirate.
The rate of aerosol generation efcicnof arresulprodactier3. 2. 3.20
The ratio of the impulse rate of the gas discharged through the test device to the suction rate. 3.2.3.21
The efficiency of atomization ffnymiam
The ability of the atomizer to increase the suction volume. 3.2.4 Plasma
3.2.4.1 Plasma
Matter in a gaseous state, part of which has been ionized and is emitted by the sun. In fact, this technique is limited to the case where the composition is higher than 1 K.
3.2.4.2 Plasma
GB/T44/1998
Plasma refers to a plasma in the form of an arc discharge: this discharge is discharged through an appropriate jet, or plasma. High humidity and field-free gas area carbon as the observation area, 3.2.4.3 indutivelyupledpasa small high frequency (about 2500H2> electromagnetic induction produced by dust about two rest, with flat temperature and photoelectric uniform gas rest area as the home area.
32.5 Good ugly atomization: electric heating atomizer inumixreniz made of resistant materials, selected, cup, square, wire and other components of the atomization path, with low voltage core current arc heat, can hate dirt discharge separation requirements to provide the required temperature.
3.2-heart reading pepper original two atomizer hrJl>w-ca-hnde1ami all with 2.2 through the heart according to the provisions of the exploration village a kind of original north device, 3.2.7: inserted on the thermal atomizer
3.2.7.1 micro environment comparison Lae enizci
Chengchuan Guanghui's training needs on the analyte. 3.2.7.? Electron-conductor A chemist that uses electrons to measure solids ... 1x The light of a characteristic line enters the absorption medium. 3.3.3 The light flux of a characteristic line is measured by the absorption medium. ()Irantance
The ratio of the incident light flux to the incident light flux:
3.3.5 Absorbance
The ratio of the light flux of the light beam to the light flux of the light beam
The logarithm of the reciprocal of the square root of 10:
Aigi-ls
33.7 The light flux of the light beam (+)ark
When the atomization agent is used as the chamber, the light flux of the reference medium is: 3 (lernceux
The light flux of the reference medium in the double beam. E,
GB/T 4470-199B
3.3.9 Photometric flux
When the sample is a liquid or wax, it passes through the circulation disk of the atomizer. 3.3.10 Sample optical efficiency (eeragetrarsmisgun(formple)) is the ratio of the sample optical flux to the flux air port optical flux measured under the same conditions, expressed as a percentage; free ×1cC
3. 3.11 Absorbance A is the ratio of the light flux of a sample to the light flux of a selected sample under the same conditions: A = lg
3.4 Meaning of instrument characteristics and performance
3.4.1 Characteristics and general performance
3.4.1.1 Optical range
The wavelength range in which the instrument can be used. This range mainly reflects the range of absorbance intensity over which the light source, the detector element, or the detector 3.4.1.2 can be used to measure with a certain accuracy and density. In different spectral regions, the energy range is different.
3.4.1.3 Instrument bias freedom The ability of an instrument to give consistent readings for a given measurement value without taking into account systematic errors. The instrument's tolerance to bias is sufficient to ensure that the results given by the instrument are not affected by systematic errors. It is expressed by systematic bias, which is the difference between the mean value of the readings obtained in a series of consecutive tests with the instrument and the measured value or the generally accepted standard.
3.4.1.4 Instrument repeatability The ability of an instrument to give consistent readings for a given measurement value without taking into account systematic errors. It is expressed by the bias, which is the degree of consistency between the results obtained by a series of tests on the same sample within the shortest possible time interval.
3.1.5 Definition of the instrument The ability of the instrument to maintain its nominal density over a period of time 3.4.1.6 Reliability of the instrument The ability of the instrument to maintain all of its properties (accuracy, precision and stability) 3.4.2 Characteristics and performance of essential components of the instrument 3.4.2.1 Bandwidth The range of radiation emitted by a given source at a nominal wavelength or frequency is given by the selector: 3.4.2.2 Spral bandwidth Unless otherwise specified, the band width is generally defined as the width of the emission spectrum.
3.4.2.3 Stray radiation The amount of stray raditicn
received by the system at the standard wavelength is expressed as the ratio of the received radiation density to the total radiation, expressed in terms of percent. 3.4-2.E Grating wavelength transmitter 1 output edge rate uiipr.1wer (afakrar-ngvavelenxihselecinr) The ability of the optical system to provide a useful beam of light with the smallest possible intensity when the spectrum is very close. If the wavelength selection of the optical system can be considered to be within the range of the incident and the area of the radiation, the moonlight tree surface secret is divided by the inverted wavelength (m m). 6
3.4.2.6resolutinr
GB/T 4470—1998
refers to the ability of the instrument to separate two selected spectral lines. When the ratio of the radiation flux of the lowest point of the two residuals to the radiation flux of the two full lines is less than or equal to %, the two spectral lines can be considered to be separated. This ratio is only applicable to the case where the two spectra are close in strength. The separation can be expressed by the ratio (/) of the mean value of the two wavelengths () and the minimum difference () of the two wavelengths.
wavelength-specific anti-bias frequency factor siusufaelength gciting3.4-2.71|| tt||Only the length of the beam provided by the ticket is consistent with the nominal wavelength. This is because the wavelength varies. 3.4.2.8
When considering the long positioning system, for a given area of space, the instrument provides the same length. 3.5. When the price is reached, the color of the atomized ticket is inquiring
3.5..1 Original chemical or micro-emission film; spectral background spectral backaround a atumizer or chemical snurce does not supply any material to the atomizer except the working gas. In the used passband, the emission and absorption of the atomizer can be described as "backwards from the firebox". 3.5.1.2 Solvent nlvezt
refers to the diluent, which may be pure or with a spectrochemical reagent, or with the reagent required for the sample. 3.5..3 Background of the solvent spccral background uf spvent The solvent is the emission or absorption of the atoms, molecules and groups required for atomization in the used passband. It also refers to the emission or absorption of the particles.
3..1.4 Emission of coexisting substances emissionarabsnrtioxbyconenm:1Arts The radiation emitted or absorbed by the atomizer in the sample other than the analyte, including the radiation or absorption of any specific ions present in the sample. 3.5.5 The radiation emitted or absorbed by the atomizer in the sample other than the analyte, including the radiation or absorption of any specific ions present in the sample. 5.5.1.5 The radiation emitted or absorbed by the atomizer in the sample other than the analyte, including the radiation or absorption of any specific ions present in the sample. 5.5.1.5 is the sum of 3.5.1.1, 3.5.1.3 and 3.5.1.4. 3.5.2 Disturbance
juice: the method of writing prefers to use \find prttuthnticn>\ do not like to use "dry batch (untrferenre)\, this is because the latter is related to many psychological phenomena in use, such as light, heat, and in the text, it is not easy to use the "disturbance" element, so that the "disturbance" will not be less wet f.,
3.5.2.1 thousand--le
by" the substance, the components of the test element need to be less than the absorbance point of the determination of the degree of % or change. Juice: 1 disturbance is
add, strong!
add influence, light travel down, scattered pay shadow network: chemical Ning paragraph solution, oxidation and other high-energy reduction worries: the substance is dry pull: to chemical interference break dry: reduce the interference, quickly dry back to give the delay element various right interference.
Reduce the absorbance or diffuse "worry.
3.5.2.3 Ru enbanermint
Increase the absorbance sub-intensity "disturbance.
3.5.2.4 Need body effect risk natrx effecE
CB/T 4470—1998
Special interferometry is the ability of the analyte to coexist with other species or components. 3.5.2.5 Specral interferometry is the ability of the analyte to be separated from the emitted or received radiation by the measuring element or from the antibody or its components. 3.5.2.6 Scattering
The ability of the analyte to be separated from the emitted or received radiation by the measuring element or components. 3.5.2.7 Chemical interferometry
3.5.2.7.1 Dissociation chemical interferometry 3.5.2.f.2 Chemical dissociation chemical ox: de-ionization chemical initiation ... 3.5.2.8.3 The intermittent nature of the material changes during the conversion to vapour. 3.5.2.8.4 Phase transition Interferncs arise from the interference of the kinetics of the analyte in the gas phase during or after dissociation. 3.5.3 Photochemical buffers 3.5.3. Photochemical buffers: Substances added to the test sample to reduce the concentration of the reference sample as defined in 3.5.2.1. These substances often form part of the test sample. 3.5.3.2 Liberators: Releagens and buffers (e.g., stabilizers and stabilizers) that inhibit or reduce the amount of chemical interferences, such as oxidation-reduction agents, and hydrogenation agents that can lead to the formation of the analyte: 3.5.3.3 Ionization agents: Ionization agents that increase the concentration of free electrons released during dissociation to reduce the amount of free electrons released by the analyte. 3.5.3.4 Volatilizer A substance added to the sample solution which, by forming more volatile compounds, increases the total amount of the test particles and, by the number of volatiles in the analyte:
3.5.3.5 Volatilizer A substance which, by forming more volatile compounds, increases the total amount of the test particles and, by the number of volatiles in the analyte:
3.5.3.6 Volatilizer A substance which, by the number of volatiles in the sample solution, contains at least one (or more) of the desired element and which has reached the limit of the increase or reduction (i.e., the limit of the increase or reduction) of the element concentration. The following figure shows the absorption curve of the system with intensity versus concentration of the interfering element. 3.5.2 Solution
3.5.4.1 Solution sn.11:nm The sample sample should be prepared in a suitable intensity to ensure that the specific absorbance exists. The empty solution: vblak
The analytical method specifies the response of the test instrument to estimate the soil response (the specified cross-radiation or absorbance (on the absorption day, the amount of liquid GT4470-1998
3.5.4.3 "\ compensation body zrumembercompcngrtionaolutiunimarrixaoluttor can be as weak as possible to include all components and the range of the reagent in the sample that are weakly analyzed. 3.5.4.4 Liquid hlank1etsolutim
The test liquid is prepared with the relevant points to avoid the analysis of the substance of dense liquid. For this reason, all test materials are prepared using the "described method" to verify that the analyte is completely absent from the sample after treatment: a sample that does not contain a substance with the same composition as the analyte or a substance that is not of the same nature as the analyte: a sample that does not contain a substance with a known concentration (e.g. water) under certain conditions: 3.5.4.5 A single ratio liquid containing a known concentration of the analyte in a reagent with three known concentrations - other components with similar ratios to those in the analytical test. 3.5.4.7 Calibration series c:of calibratior.so.u=ons The analyte may drop in the original value or the original value may be compensated for by the zero drop.
3.5.4.8felu.r.eteristie val. The reading corresponding to the absorbance of the analyte and the intensity of the light emitted by the analyte is reduced. 3.5.4. 9
The calibration number is the number of two values of the method to be compared. Talk about the curve of the function of the line shift "analysis (comparison curve,
3.6 force method and characteristics
3.6.1 type of method
3.6.1.1 straight-line method di:-ctmethadotdeterminalinrranalytical-curvctcchnique the measured value must be analyzed as a number to find the accuracy of the analyte. 3.6. 1.2i person ideterinatiori by ihe aracketiug echnutue the intensity or absorbance of the sample after the flash wave is inserted into the two concentrations of the state ratio wave measured value between the flash and method. 3.6.1.3 (Part 1) Take several test solutions of the same type and add three different volumes of each solution to the sample solution. Then add the solution to a certain volume and mix them until the solution is stable. 3.6.1.1 (Part 1) The sample solution and the test solution are in a constant concentration. 3.6.1.5 (Part 2) The element method is to compare the intensity of the element or the absorption line of the analyte with the absorption line of the element. The absorption line of the element is measured by the relative absorption line. The absorption line is measured by the relative absorption line. The absorption line is measured by the relative absorption line. The absorption line is measured by the relative absorption line. The absorption line is measured by the relative absorption line. 3.6.1.2 (Part 1) The absorption line is measured by the relative absorption line. The absorption line is measured by the relative absorption line.methnrl
state waiting element width, high "or compound method, according to the formula or the base ten to be treated with another can be used to directly determine the position of the carrier between the emitting source of the atomic absorption of the fire will be more beneficial to the measurement of the concentration of the sample to know the influence of the concentration of the Danish core line of the sound connection,
3.6.2 method to send the characteristics of
Note, 3.6. 3.5.3.4 4 and the use of the type of reduction
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