Some standard content:
ICS07.060
Meteorological Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
QX/T492—2019
Meteorological Services Guideline for Large-scale Activities
Artificial Weather Modification
Meteorological Services Guideline for Events-Weather Modification Industry Standard Information Service Platform
Published on 2019-09-18
China Meteorological Administration
Implementation on 2019-12-01
Industry Standard Information Service Platform
Normative Reference Documents
Terms and Definitions
Work Plan Formulation
Technical Plan
Organization and Implementation
Safety Management
Guarantee Summary
Appendix A (Informative Appendix)
Appendix B (Informative Appendix)| |tt||Appendix C (Informative Appendix)
Appendix D (Informative Appendix)
References
Example of design of defense line for artificial rain reduction operation
Interval and method of ground operation for artificial rain reduction Aircraft catalytic operation quantity for artificial rain reduction
Ammunition quantity for ground operation for artificial rain reduction
QX/T492—2019
Industry standard information service platform
QX/T492—2019
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1—2009. This standard was proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Weather Modification (SAC/TC538). The drafting unit of this standard: Beijing Weather Modification Office. The main drafters of this standard: Ding Deping, Ma Xincheng, Huang Mengyu, Bi Kai, He Hui, Wan Xia, Huang Yu, Jin Yongli. Industry Standard Information Service Platform
1 Scope
Guide to Meteorological Services for Large-scale Events Artificial Weather Modification QX/T492—2019
This standard provides guidance and suggestions on the proposal of artificial weather modification service tasks for large-scale events, formulation of work plans, technical plans, organization and implementation, safety management, and guarantee summary. This standard applies to the artificial weather modification guarantee service work for large-scale events. 2 Normative Reference Documents
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated referenced documents, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. QX/T151-2012 Terms of weather modification operations 3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions specified in QX/T151-2012 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document 3.1
Large-scale events
A political, economic, sports, cultural and other event with a certain social impact and with more than 1,000 participants in a single event, or organized by the state or local people's government.
[QX/T274-2015.Definition 2.1]
Weather modification for large-scale events
Weather modification for event
In order to ensure the safety of large-scale events, weather modification technology is used to intervene in the weather that may affect large-scale events. 4 General provisions
4.1 The task of ensuring weather modification for large-scale events is usually submitted by the organizer of the large-scale event to the relevant administrative department 6 months in advance. 4.2 After the task is issued, the work and technical plan shall be prepared according to Chapter 5 and Chapter 6, and experts shall be organized to demonstrate the plan, and the plan shall be continuously revised and improved during the organization and implementation process.
4.3 According to Chapter 7 and Chapter 8, the organization shall be implemented and safety management shall be strengthened. After the guarantee task is completed, a summary shall be made according to Chapter 9. 4.4 The following contents are crucial for guarantee: a) guarantee mechanism of multi-departmental collaboration;
b) drill and inspection of operation implementation plan; safety management of personnel, operation process, ammunition storage, transportation, etc. c)
QX/T492—2019
5 Work plan formulation
5.1 Main contents
Includes main tasks, work mechanism, organization composition and responsibilities, work plan, funding arrangement, etc. 5.2 Main tasks
Clearly define the guarantee area, time limit, requirements and possible uncertain risks of guarantee. 5.3 Working Mechanism
It is of vital importance to establish a guarantee mechanism for artificial weather modification for large-scale activities. The guarantee mechanism consists of a three-level decision-making and command system: the first level is the guarantee leadership group; the second level is the joint command center; the third level is the operation plan group, the air operation command group, the ground operation command group, the safety supervision group and the comprehensive guarantee group.
5.4 Organization Composition and Responsibilities
5.4.1 The artificial weather modification guarantee leadership group is composed of personnel from the large-scale activity leadership group, meteorological, military, civil aviation, public security, transportation, emergency and other relevant departments, and is responsible for unified guidance and coordination of the artificial weather modification service guarantee work for large-scale activities. 5.4.2 The joint command center is composed of personnel from the military, meteorological, civil aviation, public security, emergency and other relevant departments, and is responsible for unified command and coordination of the joint operation of artificial weather modification for large-scale activities.
5.4.3 The operation plan group is composed of experts and relevant personnel in relevant fields such as meteorology, artificial weather modification, air traffic control, etc., and is responsible for formulating joint operation plans.
5.4.4 The aerial operation command group is composed of personnel from relevant departments such as artificial weather modification, the military, and air traffic control, and is responsible for organizing and formulating flight plans, coordinating operating airspace, and commanding aerial operations. 5.4.5 The ground operation command group is composed of personnel from relevant departments such as artificial weather modification, air traffic control, the military, and public security, and is responsible for organizing and commanding ground operations.
5.4.6 The safety supervision group is composed of personnel from the weather modification, military, public security, emergency and other departments, and is responsible for the supervision of the safety of artificial weather modification operations.
5.4.7 The comprehensive support group is composed of personnel from the meteorological public security, transportation, and related enterprises, and is responsible for transportation, equipment, logistics and other support work. Shenzhen Precision Information
5.4.8 Other working groups may be established according to actual conditions and their corresponding responsibilities may be clarified. 5.5 Work Plan
The work plan includes:
a) Preparation stage: prepare technical plans, determine the support airport, operation equipment, materials, personnel and safety measures at the operation point, and clarify the progress and completion time;
b) Exercise stage: clarify the purpose of the exercise, plan arrangement, participating units and personnel, etc.;
Implementation stage: clarify the support time, important nodes, support airports, operation points, operation equipment, detection equipment, operation personnel, support units and personnel and related materials, etc.;
d) Summary stage: clarify the summary content and requirements, etc. 5.6 Funding Arrangement
Clarify the funding sources and budget arrangements required for artificial weather modification support for large-scale activities. 2
6 Technical plan
6.1 Support area
Define the key areas and target areas for artificial weather modification support for large-scale events6.2 Weather background analysis
Analyze the main weather types, system movement paths and precipitation probability characteristics of the support area during large-scale events. 6.3 Operation design
6.3.1 Main contentwwW.bzxz.Net
QX/T492—2019
Includes operation defense line design, aircraft and ground operation layout, operation instructions, technical test plan, operation plan, operation implementation plan, effect evaluation, etc.
6.3.2 Operation defense line design
With the support area as the center, set up multiple defense lines from far to near on its periphery according to the support needs, clarify the functions of each defense line, and calculate the distance of each defense line according to factors such as the movement direction, movement speed, impact range, operation point spacing and operation equipment performance of the weather system. For an example of the design of the defense line for artificial rain reduction operations, see Appendix A.
6.3.3 Operation layout
According to the weather systems from different directions that affect the support area, it is advisable to divide the aircraft and ground operation areas on the operation defense line. 6.3.4 Operation method
According to the support requirements, the appropriate operation equipment and catalyst type should be specified, and the appropriate operation time, operation location and catalyst amount should be selected. For examples of artificial rain reduction operation methods, please refer to Appendix B, C and D. 6.3.5 Operation instruction
The instructions for the artificial impact air shutdown support task of large-scale activities include: a) The third instruction is the operation pre-command meeting, which clarifies the weak support tasks, time periods, equipment, personnel and their arrival time and location; b) The second instruction is the instruction for entering the operation preparation state, which confirms the completion time of equipment and personnel operation preparation, enters the standby state, and starts the encrypted detection plan in a timely manner; c) The first instruction is the operation instruction, which clarifies the operation area and opening time as well as the detailed implementation plan; d) The end instruction clarifies the end time of the support service, the return of data collection, and the requirements for the support summary. The operation instruction is issued after being signed and approved by the Joint Command Center. 6.3.6 Technical test plan
Develop a technical test plan based on the support needs and the preparations for artificial weather modification operations, and verify the relevant technical processes. 6.3.7 Operation plan
It is advisable to develop aircraft and ground operation plans based on the climate statistical characteristics of the weather system and the conditions of aircraft and ground operation tools. 6.3.8 Operation implementation plan
The main contents are:
QX/T492—2019
Select the corresponding operation plan based on the type and characteristics of the weather system; a)
b) Determine the specific operation area and operation equipment; clarify the specific participating units and the time nodes for the implementation of the operation; c)
d) Clarify the specific personnel arrangements.
The operation implementation plan is revised and improved through multiple drills. 6.3.9 Operation effect evaluation
Determine the operation effect evaluation method based on the operation needs. 6.3.10
Other plans
Develop corresponding plans for mobile operation points, equipment support, material distribution, emergency response to safety accidents and other actual situations. 7 Organization and implementation
7.1 Technical test
Carry out relevant preliminary field tests according to the test plan and improve the technical plan. 7.2 Drills
7.2.1 It is crucial to conduct artificial weather modification work plan simulation before large-scale events. 7.2.2 Conduct work flow drills according to the specific requirements of the artificial weather modification work plan for large-scale events and the operation implementation plan. 7.2.3 After the drill, revise and improve the artificial weather modification work plan in a timely manner according to the drill situation. 7.3 Implementation guarantee
7.3.1 Weather consultation
7.3.1.1 Organize a joint weather consultation 72h24h in advance according to the time node of artificial weather modification guarantee for large-scale events. 7.3.1.2 Determine the main air-shutoff system and possibility, and give the start and duration of the impact, the degree of impact, the direction and speed of movement, etc. 7.3.2 Operation Condition Analysis
Organize operation consultation according to the results of the 72h24h weather consultation. Analyze the operation conditions, including the macro and micro structure of cloud and fog physics and the characteristics of the evolution process.
7.3.2.2 Roll out the analysis of operation conditions until the end of the guarantee mission. 7.3.3 Expert consultation
7.3.3.1 Organize expert consultation according to the operation conditions of artificial weather modification. Focus on determining the time area, location, equipment, catalyst powder type and dosage, etc., and form expert opinions. 7.3.3.2 Draft operation instructions according to expert opinions and report to the joint command center according to the approval process. 7.3.4 Instruction Release
7.3.4.1 Issue the No. 3 instruction 72h to 24h in advance, and personnel and equipment will enter the operation preparation stage. 7.3.4.2 Issue the No. 2 instruction 24h to 3h in advance, and personnel and equipment will enter the operation standby state. 7.3.4.3 Issue the No. 1 instruction 3h to 0h in advance, and enter the operation state. 7.3.4.4 After the support service is completed, issue the end instruction. 4
7.3.5 Operation Implementation
Implement the operation according to the operation instruction.
7.3.6 Effect Evaluation
Evaluate the effect of the entire operation process. 8 Safety Management
8.1 Ground Operation Safety
8.1.1 Safety of Operation Personnel
8.1.1.1 Implement a filing system for operation personnel and establish personal files8.1.1.2 Implement certificate management for security management in the operation area. QX/T492—2019
8.1.1.3 Provide theoretical knowledge and practical operation training for ground operation equipment safety to operators to ensure that they are proficient in the operating procedures.
8.1.2 Operation process safety
8. 1.2. 1
Inspect (re-inspect) and repair ground operation equipment to ensure that ground operation equipment is safe and qualified. 8.1.2.2 Operations should be carried out in the approved location, airspace and time limit. 8.1.2.3 During the operation, operators should wear bulletproof vests and other safety measures and should not walk in front of the operation equipment. 8.13 Ammunition storage safety
Establish a daily report system for the inventory of ground operation ammunition. 8.1.3.1
8.1.3.2 Set up 24h security alerts around the ammunition storage site. 8.1.4 Ammunition transportation safety
Ammunition transportation chooses a transportation company with dangerous goods transportation qualifications. 8.1.4.1
8.1.4.2 Formulate and file ammunition transport routes, vehicle emergency plans, vehicle safety plans, etc., and apply for special permits for ammunition transport vehicles and material distribution vehicles.
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8.1.4.3 Apply for dangerous goods transport permits, inter-provincial transport permits and intra-provincial transport permits in accordance with relevant regulations on dangerous goods transportation. 8.1.5 Peripheral safety of the operation site
8.1.5.1 Establish a warning and guard mechanism with dedicated personnel patrolling and guarding every day. 8.1.5.2 Do a good job in clearing and securing the periphery of the operation site. 8.1.6 Safety inspection
8.1.6.1 Complete on-site safety inspections of the operation site before large-scale events, and promptly rectify any problems found. 8.1.6.2 Conduct spot checks on the on-the-job status of operators and security personnel every day, and promptly rectify any problems found. 5
QX/T492-2019
Aircraft operation safety
8.2.1 Operation crew and aircraft
8.2.1.1 Record the operation crew. 8.2.1.2 Carry out safety inspections on the operation aircraft and onboard operation equipment to ensure that the operation aircraft is safe and qualified. 8.2.2 Airport support
Accept and apply for flight plans in a timely manner.
Formulate an aircraft takeoff and landing command plan under complex weather conditions. 8.2.2.3 Carry out security checks on boarding personnel8.2.2.4 Ensure that various support vehicles are deployed in place as required before each flight. 8.2.3
Air traffic control support
Hold an air traffic control coordination meeting to clarify matters related to flight plan approval, flight deployment, operation aircraft release and flight command9 Support summary
After the mission is completed, summarize the technical achievements and work experience of the support activities and form a summary report. Industry Standard Information Service Platform
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Example of Design of Artificial Rainfall Reduction Operation Defense Line
QX/T492—2019
Take the design of the defense line for artificial rainfall reduction operation of a large-scale event as an example. Figure A.1 shows the schematic diagram of the design of the three defense lines for this large-scale event. Approaching time of precipitation
Distance between defense line and protection area
Defense line range
90km~150
6h4ht)
170km--110 km(D)
60km(W)
4h3 ht)
125km~70km(D）
60km~120
Second line
60km(w)
3 h2 h(t)
85km~-10km(D）
Third line
75km(w)
Schematic diagram of the design of three lines of defense for artificial rain reduction in a large-scale activity Figure A.1
Protection zone
Based on the calculation of factors such as the speed, range, spacing between operation points and rocket impact radius of the weather system, it is necessary to set up the first line of defense at a distance of 6h~4h(t) from the system to the protection zone: set up the second line of defense at a distance of 4h~3h(t) from the system to the protection zone: set up the third line of defense at a distance of 3h~2h(ts) from the system to the protection zone. The distance (D) between the defense line and the protection zone is calculated as shown in formula (A.1): D=uXt
Where:
System movement speed, unit is thousand techniques per day (ikin/h); time to move to the protection zone, unit is hour (h). The calculation steps are as follows:
a) According to radar echo statistics, the cloud system moves at a speed of 30h. It can be calculated that the first line of defense is 170km~110km away from the protected area (D); the second line of defense is 120km85km~10km away from the protected area (D).
10km (D,); the third line of defense is 10km away from the protected area (D,). b) According to the angle of each wind direction is 22.5°, set the defense line at an angle of 30°, and set the length of the first defense line as L2Lz = 170km × tan (30°/2) × 2 ~ 91km, so the length of the first defense line is set to 90km ~ 150km. Suppose the length of the second defense line is L2Lz = 125km × tan (30°/2) × 2 ~ 67km, then the defense line is set to 60km ~ 120km. Suppose the length of the third front line is Ls; L, = 80km × tan (30/2) × 2 ~ 43km, then the defense line is set to 20km ~ 60km. c) According to the width of the general precipitation cloud echo 6 = 30km, considering that two rows of rocket points are required for operation, the defense line width (W) should be at least about 60km.
QX/T492—2019
B.1 Operation interval
Appendix B
(Informative Appendix)
Ground operation intervals and methods for artificial rain reduction According to the different distances between the three lines of defense for artificial rain reduction activities on a certain day and the operation protection zone, the rocket operation trajectory is used as the line source, and its diffusion width is used as the protection range to calculate the impact width of rocket operations on different lines of defense. According to the calculation results, the impact width of the rocket for the first line of defense is about 9km, the impact width of the rocket for the second line of defense is about 6km~7km, and the impact width of the rocket for the third line of defense can be considered to be about 3km~4km. In general, the first line of defense has the longest interval operation time, and the second and third lines gradually reduce the operation interval. Usually, the first line of defense has an operation interval of about 30min, the second line of defense is 10min~15min, and the third line is 5min~10min. B.2
Operation method
Ground operations should be carried out vertically in the direction of cloud movement. Industry Standard Information Service Platform
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