Contents are in this standard GB/T 5271.13-1988 Data Processing Vocabulary Part 13: Computer Graphics GB/T5271.13-1988 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

1 Overview
1.1 Introduction
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Data processing--Vocabulary
Part 13:Computer graphics
UDC 681. 3 : 001. 4
GB 5271. 13-88
This vocabulary consists of about twenty parts. This part describes the representation and storage of images, addressing techniques and concepts, functional components, operation processing and operation methods.
This part of the vocabulary is equivalent to the international standard ISO2382/13-1984 "Data processing-Vocabulary-Part 13:Computer graphics".
1.2 Scope
This vocabulary selects terms and concise definitions of some concepts in the field of data processing, and clarifies the relationship between different concepts. To facilitate domestic and international communication.
The vocabulary involves all major aspects of data processing, including the main processing processes and the types of equipment used, data representation, data organization, data description, computer programming and operation, peripheral equipment, data communication and other special applications. 1.3 Scope of application
This standard applies to the design, production, use, maintenance, management, scientific research, teaching and publishing of all fields related to electronic computers and information processing.
2 Principles and rules to be followed
The following rules have been described in detail in Part -- (i.e. GB5271.1--Part 8501 Basic Terms). They also apply to this part and are not repeated here. Only the titles of the items are listed as follows: 2.1 Definition of entries;
2.2 Composition of entries;
2.3 Classification of entries;
2.4 Choice of terms and terms in definitions;
2.5 Polysemous terms;
2.6 Abbreviations;
2.7 Use of parentheses;
2.8 Use of square brackets;
2.9 Use of boldface terms and asterisks in definitions; 2.10 Spelling;
2.11 Compilation of index tables.
Approved by the Ministry of Electronics Industry of the People's Republic of China on April 20, 1988 and implemented on May 1, 1989
3 Terms and Definitions
13 Computer Graphics
13.01 General Concepts
GB 5271.13--88
13.01.01 Computer Graphics, Computer Graphics Methods and Techniques for Converting Data to Display Graphics and Back Again by Computer 2 Coordinate Graphics, Line Graphics 13.01. 02
“A type of computer graphics whose displayed image is generated by display commands and coordinate data. 13.01.03
Raster Graphics
A type of computer graphics whose displayed image is composed of an array of pixels arranged in rows and columns. Display Command, Display Instructions display command, display instruction13.01.04
A command that changes the state or controls the action of a display device. absolute command, absolute instruction13.01.05
A display command that uses absolute coordinates. 13.01.06 relative command, relative instructionrelative command, relative instructionA display command that uses relative coordinates. 13.01.07
Addressabilityaddressability
The number of addressable points in device space.
Addressable pointaddressable point
Any addressable point in a device.
13.02 Representation and Storage of Images
Coded Image
A representation of a display image suitable for storage and processing. 13. 02. 02
Absolute Coordinatesabsolute coordinate
A coordinate that specifies the position of an addressable point relative to the origin of a given coordinate system. 3 Relative coordinaterelative coordinate13. 02. 03
A coordinate that specifies the position of an addressable point relative to another addressable point. 13. 02.04
Incremental coordinateincremental coordinateA relative coordinate that uses the previous addressable point as a reference point. 13.02.05
User coordinateuser coordinate
A coordinate specified by the user and expressed in a device-independent coordinate system. World coordinateworld coordinate
A device-independent Cartesian coordinate used to specify graphics input and output in an application. Device coordinatedevice coordinate
A coordinate specified in a device-dependent coordinate system. 13.02.08 normalised device coordinates normalised device coordinates specified in an intermediate coordinate system and normalised to a range (usually 0 to 1). NOTE A display image expressed in normalised device coordinates can be in the same relative position in any device space. displayelement, graphicprimitive, outputprimitive13.02.09 www.bzxz.net
Basic graphical elements (see Figure 1) that can be used to construct display images. For example, a point, a line segment.
hidden line
A line segment that represents an obscured edge in a two-dimensional projection of a three-dimensional object. 220
GB 5271.13-8
13.02.11 Wire frame representation A display method that shows all the edges of a three-dimensional object without distinguishing hidden lines. 13.02.12 Segment (in computer graphics) A group of display elements that can be operated as a whole (see Figure 1). Note: A segment can be composed of several separate points, line segments or other display elements. Marker
A mark with a specified shape on the display surface, used to indicate a specific position. 13.02.14
Input primitive
A data item obtained by an input device such as a keyboard, selection device, locator, extraction device or setter. 13. 02. 15
virtual space (in computer graphics)virtual space (in computer graphics) a space in which the coordinates of display elements are expressed in a device-independent manner (see Figure 2). 13.03
display
13.03. 02
13. 03. 05
13. 03. 06
display
a visual representation of data.
to display
a visual representation of data.
display image
a set of display elements or segments that appear on a display surface at any given time (see Figure 1). soft copy
a non-permanent display image.
Example: cathode ray tube display image.
Device space
The space defined by all addressable points of a display device. Display space, operation space displayspace, opcratingspace corresponds to the part of the device space that can be used to display the image area. Pixel pixel, picture element (PEL) 13.03.07
The smallest element on the display surface that is independently assigned color or brightness. 13.03.08 Absolute vector absolute vector A vector with absolute coordinates to determine the starting and ending points, 13.03.09
incrementalvector
the end point is a vector determined by its displacement relative to the start point. 13.03.10
increment size
the distance between two adjacent addressable points on the display surface. 13.03.11
rasterunit
a unit of measurement equal to the distance between two adjacent pixels. 13.03.12plotter step sizethe incremental value of a plotter.
13.03.13blanking
the suppression of the display of one or more display elements or segments. 13.03.14blinking
the intentional periodic change in the brightness of one or more display elements or segments. flicker
the unwanted pulsation of a displayed image on a cathode ray tube. 221
GB 5271.13—88
Note: Flickering occurs when the image regeneration rate is too low relative to the persistence characteristics. 13.03.16
Wraparound
The phenomenon that the part of the image located outside the boundary of the display space is displayed at the opposite boundary of the space 13.04 Functional components
13.04.01 Display surface display surface The medium on which the display image appears in the display device. Examples: the screen of a cathode ray tube, the paper of a plotter. 13.04.02 Display console display console A console that includes at least one display surface, or one or more input devices. 13.04.03
raster display device raster display device A display device that produces display images from raster graphics. random scan display device calligraphic display device, directed beam display device 13. 04.04
a display device capable of producing display elements in any sequence controlled by a program. 13.04.05 store tube
a cathode ray tube capable of storing a displayed image without requiring refreshing. 13.04.06 plasma panel, gas discharge plasmapanel, gas panel a portion of a display device consisting of a grid of electrodes mounted within a flat gas-filled plate. Note: The image may be retained for a prolonged period without requiring refreshing. drum plotter
13. 04.07
a plotter that plots the display image on a display surface mounted on a rotating drum. 13.04.08
flatbed plotter
a plotter that plots the display image on a display surface mounted on a flat surface. 13.04.09
raster plotter
a plotter that uses progressive scanning to produce the displayed image on the display surface. 13.04.10electrostatic plottera raster plotter that uses a row of electrodes to electrostatically print ink on paper. 13.04.11plotting head
the part of a plotter that produces marks on the display surface. character generator13.04.12
a functional part that converts the coded representation of a character into a graphical representation of the character for display purposes. 13.04.13
stroke character generatora character generator that produces character images composed of line segments. dot matrix character generatora character generator that produces character images composed of dots. curve generator curve generator
A functional component that converts a coded representation of a curve into a graphical representation of the curve for display. 13.04.16 vector generator vector generator A functional component used to generate directed line segments. 13.04.17 locator locator
An input device that provides the coordinates of a position. Examples: mouse, tablet.
13.04.18 control ball, track ball control ball, track ball An input device that has a ball that can rotate around the center of the ball, usually used as a locator. 222
13.04.19 joy stick joy stick
GB 5271.13--88
-An input device that has a lever with at least two degrees of freedom, usually used as a locator. 13.04.20 thumb wheel a wheel that rotates about its axis and is used to provide a scalar value. Note: A pair of thumb wheels are used as a detent. 13.04.21 mouse a hand-operated detent that is operated by moving it over a surface. Note: A mouse generally consists of a control ball or a pair of wheels. tablet a tablet 13. 04. 22 a special tablet that has a mechanism for indicating position, usually used as a detent. 13. 04. 23 pick device a pick device that is used to specify a particular display element or segment. Example: light pen. 13.04.24 light-pen a light-sensitive erasing device that is used to point at a display surface. virtual push button, light button13.04.25
Use a wipe device to simulate a display element of a function key. evaluator
An input device that provides a scalar quantity.
Examples: thumb wheel, potentiometer.
choice device
An input device that selects a value from a set of selectable quantities. Example: function keyboard.
13.04.28 stroke devicestroke deviceAn input device that provides a set of coordinate values ​​that record the path the device has traveled. Example: a locator that samples at a constant speed.
13.05 Processing and calculation methods
(image) regeneration
Image regeneration
The process that must be undergone to produce a displayed image from an image represented in storage. 13. 05.02
refreshrefresh
the process of repeatedly generating a displayed image on a display surface so that the image does not disappear. refresh raterefresh rate
the number of times per second that the displayed image is refreshed echo (in computer graphics)13.05.04
the immediate notification to the user on the display console of the current value provided by the input device. 13.05.05cursorcursor
a movable visible mark on the display surface used to indicate the location of the next operation to be performed. tracking (in computer graphics)13.05.06
the action of moving a tracking symbol.
tracking symboltracking symbol
a symbol on the display surface used to indicate the position corresponding to the coordinate data generated by the locator. Light-pen detection, light-pen hit13.05.08
The perception of light produced by a light pen on a display element. 223
GB5271.13---88
13.05.09Aiming symbol, aiming circle, aiming fieldA bright circle or other graphic on a display surface that indicates an area. The presence of a light pen can be detected within a given moment in this area.
13.05.10 Detectable element segments] detectablc elemcnt[segment] A display element segment that can be detected by the erasing device. Rubber-banding
Moving the common end of a set of lines while keeping the other ends stationary. 13.05.12
Inking
A method of drawing lines in which a locator is moved across the display surface to leave a trail behind it, much as a pen would on paper.
13.05.13 Powered dragging
Moving one or more segments across the display surface along a path determined by a locator. Highlighting
The effect of highlighting a display element or segment by modifying its visual attributes. 13.05.15 Translation
The act of causing one or more display elements to undergo an identical displacement. 13.05.16 scaling (in computer graphics) enlarging or reducing part or all of a displayed image. Note: Scaling does not necessarily require the same scale factor in all directions. rotation (in computer graphics) 13.05.17
the rotation of a display element about a fixed axis. mirroring
the flipping of a display element by 180° about an axis in the plane of the display surface 13.05.19
window (in computer graphics) window (in computer graphics) a predefined portion of virtual space (see Figure 2). 13.05.20 viewport
a predefined portion of display space (see Figure 2). 13. 05. 21
13. 05.22
Window/viewport transformation,viewing transformationThe mapping of the bounds of a window and its contents to the bounds and contents of a viewport. Clipping
The removal of those display elements that lie outside given bounds. Shielding, reverse clippingThe suppression of all display elements within given bounds. Scrolling
Moving a window vertically or horizontally so that new data appears within the viewport as old data disappears. Rolling
Scrolling in the vertical direction only. Zooming
The constant change in the proportions of the entire displayed image to give the visual effect that parts or all of the image segments are moving closer or farther away from the viewer. Note: The change in proportion should be the same in all directions. Tumbling
The dynamic display of display elements rotating around an axis whose direction in space is constantly changing. 13.05.28
panning
GB 5271. 13— 88
The continuous translation of a displayed image1) to obtain the visual effect of lateral movement of the image Note: 1) Panning can be limited to a viewport1. Background image, static imagebackground image, static image13.05.29
The part of a displayed image that does not change during a specific series of processing, such as the part of a form overlay. 13.05.30foreground image, dynamic imagethe part of a displayed image that can change for each processing. 13.05.31formoverlay
A pattern such as a report, grid or map used as a background image. 13.05.32formflash
A display method of form overlay.
13.06 Computer micrographics
Computer micrographics
computer micrographics
Methods and techniques for recording data generated by a computer on a microfilm, or for converting data on a microfilm into a form suitable for use by a computer. 13.06.02 Computer output microfilming (COM) The technique for converting and recording computer output data directly onto a microfilm. 13.06.03 Computer output microfilm recorder (COM device) A device for recording computer microfilm output. Segment
Display image
Figure 1 Display surface
Display elements
Display elements
A window
Virtual space
GB 5271.1388
Figure 2 Window/viewport transformation
Display space
Background image
Stroke character generator
Stroke device
Coded image
Table flashing
Table overlay
Joystick
Operation space
Storage tube
Window/viewport transformation
Plasma panel
Dot matrix character generator
Locator
Valuer
Scaling
Dynamic image
Anti-clip
Tracking symbol
Tracking ball
Drum plotter
Light pen．
Light pen detection
Light button
Raster unit
GB 5271. 13-88
Appendix A
Chinese index
(reference)
Raster plotter
Raster graphics
：13.04.19
·13.04.17
Raster display device
Normalized device coordinates
Plotter head
Plotter step size
Computer microfilm output
Computer micrographics
Microfilm recorder for computer output|| tt||Computer graphics
Computer graphics
Dongzhan equipment
Absolute vector
Absolute coordinates
Absolute command
Absolute instruction
Electrostatic plotter
Still image
Mirror transformation
Detectable element [segment]
Addressable point
Control ball
Ink drawing
Target symbol
...13.06.03
13.01.01
..13.03.08
Target circle
Target area
Thumb wheel
Flatbed plotter
Gas discharge plate
Foreground image
Curve generator
Soft copy
Refresh rate
Device space
Device coordinates
World coordinates
Input primitives
Output primitives
Mouse
Random scan device
Image regeneration
GB 5271.13-88
...13.02.06
Display elements
Display space
Display surface
Display console
Display image
Display command·
Display command
Line graphics
Relative command
Relative command
Relative coordinates
Wireframe representation
Vector generator| |tt||Rubber Band Method
Write Board
Virtual Button
Virtual Space
Select Device
Addressability
User Coordinates
Increment Vector
Increment Value
Increment Coordinates
Character Generator
Coordinate Graphics
:13.03,03
.13.01.04
13.02.05
absolute command
absolute coordinate
absolute instruction
absolute vector
addressability
addressable point
aiming circle||aiming field
aiming symbol -
background image | | tt | 13--88
Appendix B
English index
(reference)
------+-+-----+-+-+++
computer micrographics
computer output microfilmer
computeroutputmicrofilming
control ball
coordinale graphics
cursor
curve generator
detectable element[segment]
device coordinate
device space ....
directed beam display devicedisplay
National Electronics Industry
*13.01.08
..13.05.09
display command
display console
display element | | tt | plotter | | tt | | dynamic image | )regeneration
increment size
incremental coordinate
incremental vector
++.++.++..++
inking
input primitive
joy stick
light butto
electric joy product
electric power supply
electric power supply national collection
electric product quantity
quantity love quantity snow
13. 04. 10
：13.05.30
13. 05.14
... 13.02.04++
inking
input primitive
joy stick
light butto
electric joy products
electric electricity through the country to collect
electric products quantity
quantity love quantity snow
13. 04. 10
：13.05.30
13. 05.14
... 13.02.04++
inking
input primitive
joy stick
light butto
electric joy products
electric electricity through the country to collect
electric products quantity
quantity love quantity snow
13. 04. 10
：13.05.30
13. 05.14
... 13.02.04
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