GB 3883.1-2000 Safety of hand-held power tools Part 1: General requirements
Some standard content:
GB3883.1—2000
Foreword
This standard is a general requirement for the safety of hand-held power tools. This standard is equivalent to IEC60745-1: 1997 "Safety of Handheld Power Tools Part 1: General Requirements" (Second Edition). The main differences between this standard and IEC60745-1:1997 are as follows: 1. The form, size and parameters of single-phase plugs and sockets adopt GB1002-1996 "Types, basic parameters and dimensions of single-phase plugs and sockets for household and similar purposes".
2. If the standards cited in IEC60745-1 have been adopted equivalently or equivalently, this standard directly quotes the national standards. 3. This standard has revised the obvious errors in IEC60745-1 (see adoption instructions). GB3883 is a professional product safety standard that involves people's personal safety and health when using handheld power tools. The standard consists of two parts: general requirements and special requirements.
Part One: General Requirements. Consists of clauses requiring general characteristics. Part 2: Special Requirements. Involves specific types of tools. The special requirements clauses supplement or modify the technical requirements, test methods and instructions of the corresponding clauses in Part I.
This standard is based on GB/T1.1-1993 "Standardization Work Guidelines Unit 1: Rules for Drafting and Presentation of Standards Part 1: Basic Provisions for Standard Writing" and retains the preface and introduction of IEC60745. The name of "Foreword" was changed to "IEC Foreword". This standard was formulated in 1983 and revised for the first time in May 1991. This is the second revision. The implementation of this standard shall be implemented together with the version of GB3883 "Safety of Hand-held Power Tools Part 2: Special Requirements" which is equivalent to IEC60745-2. Before the special requirements of the second part of GB3883 products are not all equivalent to the standard of IEC60745-2 , GB3883.1-1991 continues to be valid.
For hand-held power tools that are not covered in the second part of GB3883-1991 and tools designed according to new principles, this standard can be used as long as the application of this standard is reasonable. This standard retains all appendices of IEC60745-1. Appendices A to J are standard appendices, and Appendices K to L are prompt appendices.
This standard is proposed by the National Machinery Industry Bureau. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Electric Standards Technical Committee. This standard is interpreted by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Power Tools. This standard was drafted by: Shanghai Power Tool Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard: Zhu Jianping, Liu Jiang, Li Bangxie, Liu Shichang, Li Hongzhao, Lu Tiemin, Qian Naichi. GB3883.1—2000
IEC Preface
1) IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide standardization organization composed of national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The purpose of IEC is to promote international cooperation on standardization issues in the electrical and electronic fields. For this purpose, as well as for other fields, the IEC publishes international standards. The development of these standards is entrusted to technical committees. Any IEC National Committee interested in the subject matter in question may participate in this development work. International, official and non-official organizations associated with IEC may also participate in the formulation work. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with the conditions established by agreement with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). 2) IEC's formal decisions or agreements on technical matters express as much as possible the international majority opinion on the relevant topic, because each technical committee has representatives from various national committees interested in this. 3) The documents produced are in the form of recommendations for international use and published in the form of standards, technical reports or guidelines, in the sense that they are adopted by national committees.
4) In order to promote international consistency, IEC National Committees are responsible for the maximum visible adoption of IEC international standards in their national standards and regional standards. Any differences between EC standards and corresponding national or regional standards shall be clearly stated in the latter. 5) The IEC does not provide a process for marking its approval and cannot be held responsible for any equipment claiming to comply with one of its standards.
6) Note: Some elements of this International Standard may involve patent rights, and EC does not assume any responsibility for identifying these patent rights. The international standard IEC60745-1 was developed by IEC Technical Committee 61 "Safety of household and similar electrical appliances", Subcommittee 61F "Safety of hand-held power tools". The provisions of this standard are based on the following documents:
Draft International Standard
61F/124/FDIS
Details of the vote to approve this standard are shown in the voting report listed in the table above. Voting Report
61F/171/RVD
This IEC60745-1 repeals and replaces the first edition published in 1982, forming a technical revision. Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D, Appendix E, Appendix F, Appendix G, Appendix H, Appendix I and Appendix J are integral parts of the standard.
Appendix K and Appendix L are for reference only. GB3883.1—2000
IEC Introduction
This Part I is to be used in conjunction with the corresponding Part II, which contains provisions that supplement or modify the corresponding provisions of Part I, thereby Corresponding requirements are put forward for various tool products. Countries may consider applying this standard to tools not yet mentioned in Part 2 and to tools designed based on new principles, as long as this application is justified.
If the function of the tool involves different Part 2 of IEC60745, each corresponding Part 2 shall be applicable to each function separately (as long as this is reasonable). If one function has an impact on another function, this impact must be considered. Other referenced IEC and ISO standards are listed in Appendix L2. Note: This standard uses printed fonts:
- Requirements: Roman font,
Test specifications: italics;
- Note: Small Roman font.
This standard has been entrusted to experienced personnel to complete the drafting work. Products whose materials or structural forms are different from the materials or structural forms specified in the requirements of this standard can be inspected and tested according to the intent of the standard requirements. If they are found to be basically equivalent, they can be judged to comply with this standard. Standards involving non-safety aspects of handheld tools include: - IEC standards on performance test methods published by TC59; - CISPR11 and CISPR14 on radio interference suppression; - IEC555 on electromagnetic compatibility;
Medical hand-held tools (IEC601);
An electric heating tool is included in IEC335-2-45. Adoption instructions: bZxz.net
1]IEC60745 is IEC745, which may be wrong. 2JIEC60745 is A, which may be wrong.
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety of hand-held power tools
Part 1: General Requirements
Safety of hand-held motor- operated electric tools-Part 1: General requirements
GB3883.1—2000
idt IEC 60745-1:1997
replaces GB3883.1—1991
1.1 This standard covers the safety of hand-held power tools driven by motors or electromagnets with AC single-phase and DC rated voltages not greater than 250V and AC three-phase rated voltages not greater than 440V. These tools can be equipped with electric heating elements.
This standard covers as much as possible the common hazards caused by hand-held tools that people actually encounter when using tools on a daily basis. Note: Handheld power tools (hereinafter referred to as tools) that can be mounted on a support and can be used as fixed tools without changing the tool itself are also included in the scope of this standard, but in this case, additional requirements may be required, As provided in Part II. Pay attention to the following facts:
Hand-held tools used in cars, boats or airplanes may need additional requirements; -Hand-held tools used in tropical countries may need special requirements; -In many countries, their health, labor protection , water sources and other competent authorities have additional requirements. This standard does not apply to:
Hand-held tools used in places where special conditions such as corrosive or explosive atmospheres (dust, steam or gas) are often present;
Medical hand-held tools (IEC601 ).
Electric heating tools belong to IEC335-2-45.
For motors that are not isolated from the grid and whose basic insulation is not designed for the rated voltage of the tool, the requirements are specified in Appendix B. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute provisions of this standard by being quoted in this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the standard listed below. GB1002-1996 Types, basic parameters and dimensions of single-phase plugs and sockets for household and similar purposes GB/T2423.44-1995 Electrical products. Environmental testing of electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test Eg: impact spring hammer (eqyIEC68-2-63: 1991)
GB4208-1993 Enclosure protection level (IP code) (eqvIEC529: 1989) GB4706.1-1998 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances Part 1: General requirements (eqvIEC335-1: 1991) GB/T4956- 1985 Magnetic method for measuring the thickness of non-magnetic covering layer on magnetic metal substrate (eqvISO2178:1982) GB5013.4-1997 Rubber insulated cables with rated voltage 450/750V and below Part 4: Flexible wires and flexible cables (idtIEC245-4:1994) | | tt | 07-01 Implementation
GB3883.1—2000
(idt IEC227-5:1979)
GB/T6462---1986 Microscopic measurement of cross-sectional thickness of metal and oxide coatings Method (eqvISO1463:1982) GB8898-1997 Safety requirements for household and similar general-purpose electronic and related equipment powered by grid power supply (idtIEC65:1985)
GB9364.1-1997
Small fuses Part 1: Definition of small fuses and general requirements for small fuse links (idt IEC127-1:1988)
GB9364.2—1997
Small fuses Part 2: Tubular fuse links (idtIEC127-2 : 1989) GB9364.3-1997 Small fuses Part 3: Ultra-small fuse links (idtIEC127-3: 1988) GB/T11021-1989
Heat resistance evaluation and classification of electrical insulation (eqvIEC85: 1984) Technical requirements for isolation transformers and safety isolation transformers (eqvIEC742:1983) GB13028-1991
GB13140.3-1998 Connecting devices for low-voltage circuits for household and similar purposes Part 2: As independent units with threadless clamping Special requirements for connecting devices of components (idtIEC998-2-2:1991) GB/T14472---1998
Fixed capacitors for electronic equipment Part 14: Specification for fixed capacitors used to suppress electromagnetic interference from power supplies (idtIEC384-14 :1993)
GB14536.1-1998
GB15092.1-2000
Electric automatic controllers for household and similar purposes Part 1: General requirements (idtIEC730-1:1993 and IEC730 -1Amd.1:1994) Appliance switches Part 1: General requirements (1dtIEC61058-1:1996) GB17464-1998 Safety requirements for threaded and non-threaded clamping devices used to connect copper conductors (idtIEC999:1990) || tt||GB17465.1—1998
Couplers for household and similar appliances Part 1: General requirements (egvIEC320-1:1994) GB17465.2—1998
3 Appliances for household and similar purposes Couplers Part 2: Interconnecting couplers for household and similar equipment (eqvIEC320-2-2:1990)
IEC61-1:1969
Lamp holders, lamp holders and their interchangeability, safety Safety Inspection Regulations Part 1: Lamp holder supplement A (1969) ~ T (1996)
IEC60309-1:1999
9 Industrial plugs, sockets and couplers
Part 1: General Requirements
IEC60309-2:1999
3Definitions
Industrial plugs, sockets and couplers Part 2: Dimensional interchangeability requirements for electrical accessories with plugs and sockets|| tt||The following definitions apply to this standard.
3.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the terms "voltage" and "current" used in the provisions refer to effective values. 3.1.2 In this standard, wherever "with the help of tools", "without the help of tools" and "requires the use of tools" appear, the word "tool" refers to screwdrivers, hard tools or tools that can be used to twist screws or other fasteners. 3.2.1 Rated voltage ratedvoltage
The rated voltage specified by the manufacturer for the tool. For three-phase power supply, it refers to the line voltage. 3.2.2 Rated voltage range ratedvoltagerange specified by the manufacturer. Voltage range, expressed as upper and lower limits. 3.2.3 Working voltage workingvoltage
When the power supply voltage of the tool is the rated voltage and operates under normal load conditions, the highest voltage received on the part being considered, Note: When determining the working voltage, the influence of transient voltage is not considered. 3.2.4 Rated input power ratedinput
The input power specified by the manufacturer 3.2.5 Rated input rangeGB3883.1. -2000
The input power range specified by the manufacturer for the tool, expressed as the upper and lower limits. 3.2.6 Rated current ratedcurrent
The current specified by the manufacturer for the tool
Note: If If the current is not specified for the tool, for the purpose of this standard, the rated current is the current measured by the tool under rated voltage and normal load. 3.2.7 Rated frequency The frequency specified by the manufacturer for the tool
3.2. .8 Rated frequency range The frequency range specified by the manufacturer for the tool, expressed as the upper and lower limits. 3.2.9 Normal load normalload
The load exerted on the tool is the same as the stress generated during normal use. Equivalent; when there is a short-time or intermittent operation mark, it must be followed. Unless otherwise specified, if there is an electric heating element, the electric heating element must operate as in normal use. Note: Normal load is based on the rated voltage or the upper limit of the rated voltage range. . 3.2.10 Rated no-load speed The no-load speed at the rated voltage or upper limit of the rated voltage range specified by the manufacturer. 3.3.1 The detachable cord is connected to the tool through a suitable appliance coupler. Power supply cord. 3.3.2 Power cord supplycord
The power supply cord attached to the tool
3.3.3X type connection typeXattachment
A power cord connection method that is easy to replace the power cord. This type of connection may require a specially prepared cord available from the manufacturer or its agent.
Note: Specially prepared cords may also be included as part of the tool. 3.3.4Y-type connection typeYattachment
A power connection method in which the power cord can only be replaced by the manufacturer or its agent. 3.3.5Z-type connection typeZattachment
A power cord connection that cannot be replaced without destroying the tool. 3.4.1 Basic insulation basic insulation is used for live parts to provide basic protection against electric shock. 3.4.2 Supplementary insulation supplementary insulation is an independent insulation set up in addition to the basic insulation in order to prevent electric shock in case of failure of the basic insulation. 3.4.3 Double insulation doubleinsulation is an insulation system composed of both basic insulation and supplementary insulation. 3.4.4 Reinforced insulation: A single insulation system used for live parts. Under the conditions specified in this standard, the degree of protection against electric shock provided is equivalent to double insulation. Note: The term "single insulation system" does not mean that the insulation is a single substance of the same substance. It may consist of several layers of insulation that cannot be tested separately as supplementary insulation or basic insulation.
3.4.51 classItool
refers to a class of tools in which protection against electric shock not only relies on basic insulation, but also includes an additional safety measure, namely the easy to The accessible conductive parts are connected to the protective (grounding) conductor of the fixed wiring in the equipment so that the accessible conductive parts cannot become live in the event of damage to the basic insulation. Note: For tools using flexible cables or cords, this measure includes a protective conductor as part of the flexible cable or cord. 3.4.61 classtool classtool
refers to a class of tools whose protection against electric shock not only relies on basic insulation, but also relies on additional safety protection measures provided, such as GB3883.1-2000
such as double Insulated or reinforced insulation, but does not provide protective earthing or is independent of equipment conditions. Note
1 Such a tool can be one of the following types; a) The tool has a solid, essentially continuous shell of insulating material, which covers the All metal parts, these small parts are separated from live parts by insulation at least equivalent to reinforced insulation; such tools are called insulating material shell Class I tools;
b) Tools have a substantially continuous metal shell, Tools in which double insulation is used throughout, except in those parts where reinforced insulation is used because the application of double insulation is clearly impracticable, is called a metal-cased class I tool; c) Tools of types a) and b) combined .
2 For Class I tools with an insulating shell, the shell may form part of supplementary insulation or reinforced insulation, or may form the entirety of supplementary insulation or reinforced insulation. 3 For tools whose complete insulation is double insulation or reinforced insulation, as long as there is a grounding terminal or grounding contact, the tool is considered to be a Class 1 tool. 3.4.7 Class I construction refers to the part of the tool that relies on double insulation or reinforced insulation for electric shock protection. 3.4.8 Subcategory tool class subtool
refers to a type of tool whose protection against electric shock relies on safety extra-low voltage power supply, and the tool does not generate a voltage higher than safety extra-low voltage.
Note: Tools that operate at safety extra-low voltage and have internal circuits that operate at non-safety extra-low voltage are not included in this category and should comply with some additional requirements.
3.4.9 Class II construction refers to the part of the tool that relies on safety extra-low voltage for protection against electric shock, and this part does not generate a voltage higher than the safety extra-low voltage. 3.4.10 Creepage distance creepage distance is the shortest path length measured along the surface of the insulating material between two conductive parts, or between a conductive part and the tool interface. 3.4.11 Clearance
The shortest distance measured through air between two conductive parts, or between a conductive part and the tool interface. Note: The tool interface refers to the surface of the enclosure, considered as if there were a layer of metal foil attached to the accessible surface of the insulating material. 3.5.1 Extra-low voltage extra-low voltage is the voltage supplied by the power supply in the tool. When the power supply voltage of the tool is the rated voltage, the voltage between the conductors and between the conductors and the ground does not exceed 50V.
3.5.2 Safety extra-low voltage safety extra-low voltage shall not exceed the nominal voltage of 42V between conductors and between conductors and ground, and its no-load voltage shall not exceed 50V. Note
1 When safety extra-low voltage is obtained from the power grid, it must be obtained through a safety isolation transformer or a converter with separate windings and whose insulation complies with double insulation or reinforced insulation.
2 The specified voltage limits are based on the assumption that the safety isolating transformer is operated at the rated supply voltage. 3.5.3 Safety isolating transformers refer to those whose input winding and output winding are electrically separated by insulation at least equivalent to double insulation or reinforced insulation, and are used to supply safety extra-low voltage to distribution circuits, tools or other equipment. transformer. 3.6.1 Hand-held tool (referred to as "tool" in this standard) hand-held tool is a machine driven by a motor or electromagnet and used to perform mechanical work. It is designed to be assembled from the motor and mechanical parts to facilitate Tools that are carried to the workplace and can be held by hand or suspended. Note: Hand-held tools can be equipped with flexible shafts, and their motors can be fixed or portable. Hand-held tools can also be equipped with a flexible shaft. A device that is mounted on a bracket. Hand-held tools also include hand-held tools (such as road crushers). 3.6.2 Exchangetype tools are tools that are rarely repairable or can only be repaired by the manufacturer's service department. .1 Nondetachable parts nondetachablepart GB3883.1-2000
Parts that can only be disassembled with the help of tools or parts that can pass the test of 21.22 3.7.2 Detachable parts that can be removed or opened without the use of tools. parts, or parts to be removed according to the instructions for use (even if tools are required). 3.8.1 Thermostat thermostat
A temperature-sensitive device with a fixed or adjustable operating temperature, which automatically Turning on or off the circuit to keep the controlled temperature between certain limits
3.8.2 Temperature limiter temperature limiter action temperature can be fixed or adjustable temperature sensitive device, during normal operation. When the temperature of the controlled part reaches a predetermined value, it works by opening or closing the circuit. Note: It does not cause reverse operation during the normal working cycle of the tool. It may or may not require manual reset. Reset 3.8.3 Thermal cut-out ||tt || A device that limits the temperature of the controlled device by automatically cutting off the circuit or reducing the current during abnormal operation. Its structure prevents the user from changing its setting value ||tt. ||3.8.4 Self-resetting thermal circuit breaker self-resettingthermalcut-out is a thermal circuit breaker that can automatically restore current after the relevant parts of the tool are sufficiently cooled. 3.8.5 Non-self-resetting thermal cut-out requires manual operation. Reset or replace parts to restore the current flow of the thermal circuit breaker. Note: Manual includes cutting off the power supply.
3.8.6 Protective device A device that operates under abnormal operating conditions and whose action can prevent a dangerous situation. 3.8.7 Fuse thermal link
Thermal circuit breaker that can only work once and requires partial or complete replacement afterwards 3.9.1 All-poledisconnection For single-phase tools, it is operated by a single trigger. Causes the disconnection of two power conductors; or, in the case of three-phase tools, the disconnection of all power conductors except the ground conductor by a single trigger action. Note: The disconnected position does not mean that all poles are disconnected. 3.9.2. The off-position of the switching device is the stable position of the relevant circuit when it is cut off from the power grid. Note: The disconnected position does not mean that all poles are cut off. 3.9.3 Accessible parts are parts that can be reached using the standard test finger shown in Figure 1; for accessible metal parts, it also includes all metal parts connected to it.
3.9.4 Live part livepart
Any wire or conductive part that is live during normal use; including the neutral wire, but customarily excluding the protective earth conductor (PEN). Note: Accessible parts and inaccessible parts complying with 9.17 are not considered live parts. 3.10.1 Electronic component Electronic component mainly relies on the movement of electrons through vacuum, gas or semiconductor to realize conductive parts. NOTE: Building indicators are not considered electronic components. 3.10.2 Electronic circuit electroniccircuit A circuit containing at least one electronic component. 3.10.3 Protection impedance protectiveimpedance adoption instructions:
1] IEC60745-1:1997 is 9.1.1, which may be wrong. GB3883.1—2000
The impedance connected between live parts and easily accessible conductive parts has an impedance value that limits the current of the tool to a safe value under normal use and possible fault conditions. 3.11.1 rated operating time rated operating time The operating time specified by the manufacturer for the tool. 3.11.2 Continuous operation: continuous operation under normal load without a limited time operation. 3.11.3 Short-time operation short-timeoperation is an operation that specifies the operating time under normal load. Start operation from a cold state, with sufficient intervals between operating periods to allow the tool to cool to near room temperature.
3.11.4 Intermittent operation Intermittent operation is an operation performed in the same cycle specified in a continuous application. Each cycle consists of an operating phase under normal load and a subsequent no-load or power-off stop phase of the tool.
4 General requirements
Tools should be constructed so that they can work safely during normal use and will not cause danger to persons or the surrounding environment, even if carelessness may occur during normal use.
Usually, this principle is reflected by meeting the corresponding requirements specified in this standard, and compliance with the requirements is checked by conducting all relevant tests.
5 General requirements for testing
5.1 The tests conducted in accordance with this standard are type tests. 5.2 Unless otherwise specified, the test is carried out on a tool which shall withstand all relevant tests. However, the tests in Chapters 23 to 27 and 29 can be carried out on the specimens of another machine. NOTE
1 Additional specimens may be required, for example when the tool is designed with different supply voltages; or when the test of 12.6 must be carried out, in which case 3 motor specimens are required. When testing components, it may be necessary to provide additional specimens of these components. 2. Avoid cumulative stress on electronic circuits due to continuous testing. It may be necessary to replace components or use additional specimens. The number of additional samples should be kept to a minimum by evaluating the relevant electronic circuits. 5.3 Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be carried out in the order of the provisions. If it is obvious from the construction of the tool that a particular test is not suitable, then the test will not be performed.
5.4 During the test, place the tool or its moving parts in the most unfavorable position that may occur during normal use. 5.5 When testing tools equipped with controllers or switching devices, if the setting point can be changed by the user, adjust these controllers or switching devices to the most unfavorable setting point. The electronic speed controller is set at the highest speed. Note
1 This article applies if the adjustment device of the controller is accessible without the aid of tools, whether the set point is changed by hand or with the aid of tools. This clause does not apply if the adjustment device is not accessible without the aid of tools and the setting point is not intended to be changed by the user. 2 It is believed that proper sealing can prevent the user from changing the set point. 5.6 The test is conducted in a non-ventilated place; usually, the ambient temperature is 20°C ± 5°C. If the achievable temperature of any part is limited by a thermal element or is affected by temperature, in case of doubt, the room temperature shall be maintained at 23°C ± 2°C.
5.7.1 If AC tools are marked with a rated frequency, the test shall be conducted at the rated frequency; AC and DC dual-purpose tools shall be tested with the most unfavorable power source.
1. If AC tools are marked with a rated frequency, the test shall be conducted at the rated frequency; AC and DC dual-purpose tools shall be tested with the most unfavorable power source.
1. If AC tools are marked with a rated frequency, the test shall be conducted at the rated frequency; AC and DC dual-purpose tools shall be tested with the most unfavorable power source.
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