GB/T 8627-1999 Test method for smoke density of burning or decomposition of building materials
Some standard content:
GB/T8627—1999
This standard is a revised version of GB/T8627-1988. The technical content refers to the American ASTMD2843—1993 and the first part of the German standard DIN4102-1981. The test device for implementing this standard is equivalent to the technical requirements of ASTMD2843—1993. Compared with GB/T8627-1988, this standard adds a chapter on "calibration of test device". Due to the localization of the test device and the automation of operation and calculation in implementing this standard, the technical contents of "test device", "test operation" and "test accuracy" in the provisions of GB/T8627-1988 have been modified to adapt to the test of static smoke production when building materials are burned. Appendix A of this standard is a reminder appendix.
This standard replaces GB/T8627-1988 from the date of its entry into force. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Seventh Subcommittee of the National Technical Committee for Fire Protection Standardization. This standard was drafted by the Sichuan Fire Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, and the Shanxi Chemical Research Institute participated in the drafting. The main drafters of this standard are Du Maowei, Bo Xianming and Ding Min. This standard was first issued in February 1988 and revised for the first time in August 1999. 39
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Test method for density of smoke from the burning or decomposition of building materials
Test method for density of smoke from the burning or decomposition of building materialsGB/T 8627—1999
Replaces GB/T8627—1988
This standard specifies the specific requirements for the test device, sample preparation, test steps, calculation of test results and test report for the smoke density test of the burning or decomposition of building materials.
This standard is applicable to the determination of static smoke production when building materials and their products are burned, and can also be used for the determination of static smoke production of other solid materials.
2 Test apparatus
2.1 Smoke box
2.1.1 The smoke box is made of rust-proof alloy plate. The internal dimensions of the smoke box body are 300mm long, 300mm wide and 790mm high, as shown in Figure 1.
a) The front of the smoke box is equipped with an observation door inlaid with heat-resistant glass; b) The smoke box is fixed on a base with an outer dimension of 350mm×400mm×57mm, and a test gas pressure regulator is installed on the front of the base;
c) The inner and outer surfaces of the smoke box are painted with anti-corrosion black paint; d) There is a smoke-proof glass round window with an opening diameter of 70mm at the center position of the left and right sides of the smoke box at a height of 480mm from the base, which serves as the emission and receiving entrance of the measurement light; e) A "safety sign" plate is installed on the back of the smoke box. It is located in the center of the back panel of the smoke box 480mm away from the base, with a height of 90mm and a width of 150mm. A safety sign lamp with a power of 15W is installed behind it; when the safety sign lamp is turned on, the red safety sign "EXIT" can be seen on the white background; f) There are openings of 25mm in height and 230mm in width on the four sides of the bottom of the smoke box, and the rest of the smoke box should be sealed. 2.1.2 An exhaust fan is installed at the top of the left outer side of the smoke box, and its exhaust volume is about 1700L/min. The air inlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the inside of the smoke box through the damper switch; the exhaust port is connected to the fume hood. 2.1.3 A "light source box" is installed in the center of the left outer side of the smoke box, and the outer surface of the box is equipped with a gas pressure gauge, power switch, power indicator light, fan switch, and light source regulator.
2.1.4 A "photometer box" is installed in the center of the right outer side of the smoke box, and the outer surface of the box is equipped with an "LED display window" and six "function operation keys". The display window shows the working status and the measured time value and smoke density value. 2.1.5 The sample holder is fixed on the top of a steel rod handle, which is located at the center of the right side of the smoke box 220mm away from the base. The holder consists of two upper and lower square frame grooves of the same size, and their side lengths are both 64mm. There is a steel wire mesh for placing the sample in the upper frame groove, which is composed of a square grid with an inner size of 5mm, and the lower frame groove is surrounded by a 1mm thick metal plate. 2.2 Combustion system
Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on August 5, 199940
Implementation on March 1, 2000
GB/T 8627—1999
2.2.1 The test gas uses propane gas with a purity of not less than 85%. The working pressure of the gas is adjusted by the pressure regulator and displayed by the pressure gauge. (In non-arbitration tests, the test gas can use liquefied petroleum gas). 2.2.2 During the test, a Bunsen burner flame is used. The structure of the Bunsen burner is shown in Figure 2. The length of the Bunsen burner is 260mm, and the diameter of the Bunsen burner is 0.13mm. During the test, the Bunsen burner forms a 45° spatial angle with the smoke box. 2.2.3 The air required for the Bunsen burner to work is introduced from the space at the base of the burner. 2.3 Photoelectric system
2.3.1 The photoelectric system is shown in Figure 3. The light source is installed in the "light source box" on the left side of the main smoke box. The light source bulb is a filament-intensive instrument bulb with a power of 15W and an operating voltage of 6V. The measuring beam emitted by the bulb becomes a visual function beam (400-700nm) after filtering, and is diffusely focused on the photocell in the "photometer box" by a lens with a focal length of 60-65mm. 2.3.2 The photocell should work within the range of 15-50℃, and its linearity and temperature effect can be completed by a compensation circuit. 2.4 Timing system
The timing is completed by the crystal oscillation of the single-board computer, and the time value of the test is displayed by the "LED display window". When the Bunsen burner is turned to the working position, the timing starts automatically, and the buzzer sounds once every 15s. 3 Sample preparation
3.1 The dimensions of the sample are shown in Table 1.
Building material density, kg/m
>1 000
100～1000
Length, mm
Basic size
25.4±0.1
Width, mm
Basic size
25.4±0.1
Thickness, mm
Basic size
10.0±0.1
25.0±0.1
3.2 For building materials with a thickness less than the specified thickness, the sample thickness may also be the actual thickness of the building material when in use, but this must be stated in the test report, and the test results can only be compared under the same conditions. 3.3 Processing of samples
The number of samples is nine, and they are randomly divided into three groups. The sample can be processed by mechanical cutting and grinding. The sampling area is required to be representative of the sample, with a flat surface, uniform thickness, and no defects such as flash and burrs. 3.4 Conditioning of the sample
Before the test, the sample needs to be placed in an environment with a temperature of (23±2)°C and a relative humidity of (50±5)% for more than 40 hours. 4 Test steps
4.1 Before the test, the "calibration of the test device" must be carried out according to 6.1 and 6.2. 4.2 The test should be carried out in a fume hood. First turn on the exhaust fan and safety sign light. 4.3 Turn off the exhaust fan. Open the propane gas valve and immediately light the Bunsen burner, and adjust the working pressure of the propane gas to 210kPa. 4.4 Press the "power switch" and "reset" keys to preheat the combustion for 3 minutes. 4.5 Press the "calibration" key. Adjust the light source regulator to stabilize the digital "luminous flux" at a display value of 100 ± 1; then use an opaque plate to block the measuring beam, and its digital "luminous flux" is 0. 4.6 Place the sample flat on the wire grid of the sample holder. Its position should be at the center of the lower surface of the sample when the Bunsen burner is turned into the test state and the burning flame can be aligned with the center of the lower surface of the sample. The sample surface should be placed downward. In order to prevent the sample from shifting during the test, the sample can be clamped with a metal wire. 4.7 Press the "test" key and close the smoke box door. At this time, the Bunsen burner automatically turns to the working position, the test starts, and the display window immediately displays the test time value and the smoke density value corresponding to this moment. 4.8 Each test lasts for 4 minutes. After each test, the Bunsen burner automatically resets. The same sample is tested three times in parallel. 41
GB/T 8627-1999
4.9 After each test, the smoke box door should be opened immediately, and the exhaust fan should be started to remove the residual smoke in the smoke box. At the same time, the two glass round windows in the box should be cleaned with lens paper. After all three tests are completed, the smoke box should be cleaned. 4.10 The conditions during each test must be recorded, such as combustion, foaming, melting, dripping, stratification, etc. 5 Calculation of test results
5.1. The average value of the smoke density values measured every 15 seconds in three parallel tests is calculated, and then the average values are plotted on the linear coordinate paper to form an integral curve of the relationship between smoke density and test time. The smoke density value corresponding to the highest point of the curve is the maximum smoke density value (MSD); the area under the curve represents the total smoke production; the product of the length values represented by the vertical and horizontal axis endpoints is divided by the area under the curve, and then multiplied by 100, which is defined as the smoke density level (SDR) of the sample. The smoke density level (SDR) can be calculated using the following formula [see Appendix A (Suggested Appendix) SDR =
ai +a2+a +..+as +
a16) × 100
In the formula: ai, a2, a3, a16 are the average smoke density values of three parallel tests every 15 seconds. 5.2 Automatic calculation of test results. When the three parallel tests are completed, press the "Print 1" key to print out the list of 16 test values and the MSD and SDR values.
5.3 Press the "Print 2" key to print the integral curve of the test and the MSD and SDR values. 5.4 When there is a dispute over the test result or an arbitration test, press the "Print 3" key to print out a list of 240 test values and the MSD and SDR values.
5.5 The difference between the average smoke density level value of a group of samples and the smoke density level value of any one of the three tests should be less than 5 (absolute value), otherwise another group of tests should be repeated, and the test report should be the average value of these two groups of tests. 6 Calibration of the test device
6.1 When the "luminous flux" is adjusted to 100, three standard filters are placed at the emission port of the measuring light to perform a light beam blocking test. The difference between the "luminous flux" digital display value and the calibrated transmittance value of the standard filter should be less than 3% (absolute value) for three times. The average value. 6.2 The calibration of the device should be carried out before the formal test every day or after every 30 sets of tests; the calibration of the device should also be carried out after the circuit or optical measurement system of the instrument is repaired. :7 Test report
The test (inspection) report must be accompanied by the test value list and test graph in Appendix A Figure A2. The test report should include the following contents: a) The standard based on which the test is conducted;
b) The name, density, specification, type, production date and manufacturer of the test sample; c) The test gas and the working pressure of the gas; d) The maximum smoke density (MSD) value and the smoke density rating (SDR) value, and the degree of recognition of the EXIT (clear, fuzzy, unrecognizable); e) Records of test phenomena: combustion, foaming, melting, dripping, stratification, etc.; f) Test date and test personnel.
GB/T8627—1999
1 Thermometer; 2 Digital display window; 3 Print key; 4 Operation key, 5 Smoke box door axis; 6 Base plate; 7 Safety sign; 8 Light beam incident port; 9 Specimen holder 10 Bunsen burner; 11 Receiver tray; 12 Air inlet, 13 Propane gas pipe; 14 Light source box; 15 Pressure gauge; 16 Fan Figure 1 Schematic diagram of smoke box
Sleeve outer tube
Mixer
Conical sleeve
Sliding sleeve
Propane gas pipe
Air passage
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of burner structure
Light source bulb
Reflector
GB/T 8627- 1999
Mesh grating
Smoke box wall
Sealed glass
Mancha Jiao Guangdong
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the light path of the smoke box
Thermometer
Photocell
[Enlarge-
[Digital display
[Print
Bunsen burner
MCS-51
（8031)
GB/T 8627-1999
(Appendix of prompt)
Example of calculation of test results
Example 1: Figure A1 is the test graph of a certain sample. The percentage values of α corresponding to every 15s are 43.0, 75.5, 85.0, 90.0, 91.0, 91.5, 89.0, 88.0, 87.0, 85.0, 82.0, 81.0, 80.0, 79.0, 76.5, 73.0, according to the definition: Smoke density level (SDR)
a16)×100= 78. 8
.. + a5 +bzxZ.net
(a+2++
Example 2: Figure A2 is the test graph of two samples. The curve drawing and the calculation of MSD and SDR values are completed by computer.
Absorption modification rate, %
+...i.......R..+.
Test graph of a sample
Test Result:
MSD=89.00
SDR=73. 32
SDR1=76. 13
SDR2=72. 10
SDR3=71.78
Test OK!
Test Result:
SDR=73.32
GB/T8627—1999
Test Result :
MSD=53.00
SDR=48.60
SDR1=56.28
SDR2=64.03
SDR3=25.50
Test Fail!
Test Result:
MSD=53.00
SDR=48.60
Test graphs of two samples2 The calibration of the device should be carried out before the formal test every day or after every 30 sets of tests; the calibration of the device should also be carried out after the circuit or optical measurement system of the instrument is repaired. :7 Test report
The test (inspection) report must be accompanied by the test value list and test graph in Appendix A Figure A2. The test report should include the following contents: a) The standard based on which the test is conducted;
b) The name, density, specification, type, production date and manufacturer of the test sample; c) The test gas and the working pressure of the gas; d) The maximum smoke density (MSD) value and the smoke density rating (SDR) value, and the degree of recognition of the EXIT (clear, fuzzy, unrecognizable); e) Records of test phenomena: combustion, foaming, melting, dripping, stratification, etc.; f) Test date and test personnel.
GB/T8627—1999
1 Thermometer; 2 Digital display window; 3 Print key; 4 Operation key, 5 Smoke box door axis; 6 Base plate; 7 Safety sign; 8 Light beam incident port; 9 Specimen holder 10 Bunsen burner; 11 Receiver tray; 12 Air inlet, 13 Propane gas pipe; 14 Light source box; 15 Pressure gauge; 16 Fan Figure 1 Schematic diagram of smoke box
Sleeve outer tube
Mixer
Conical sleeve
Sliding sleeve
Propane gas pipe
Air passage
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of burner structure
Light source bulb
Reflector
GB/T 8627- 1999
Mesh grating
Smoke box wall
Sealed glass
Mancha Jiao Guangdong
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the light path of the smoke box
Thermometer
Photocell
[Enlarge-
[Digital display
[Print
Bunsen burner
MCS-51
（8031)
GB/T 8627-1999
(Appendix of prompt)
Example of calculation of test results
Example 1: Figure A1 is the test graph of a certain sample. The percentage values of α corresponding to every 15s are 43.0, 75.5, 85.0, 90.0, 91.0, 91.5, 89.0, 88.0, 87.0, 85.0, 82.0, 81.0, 80.0, 79.0, 76.5, 73.0, according to the definition: Smoke density level (SDR)
a16)×100= 78. 8
.. + a5 +
(a+2++
Example 2: Figure A2 is the test graph of two samples. The curve drawing and the calculation of MSD and SDR values are completed by computer.
Absorption modification rate, %
+...i.......R..+.
Test graph of a sample
Test Result:
MSD=89.00
SDR=73. 32
SDR1=76. 13
SDR2=72. 10
SDR3=71.78
Test OK!
Test Result:
SDR=73.32
GB/T8627—1999
Test Result :
MSD=53.00
SDR=48.60
SDR1=56.28
SDR2=64.03
SDR3=25.50
Test Fail!
Test Result:
MSD=53.00
SDR=48.60
Test graphs of two samples2 The calibration of the device should be carried out before the formal test every day or after every 30 sets of tests; the calibration of the device should also be carried out after the circuit or optical measurement system of the instrument is repaired. :7 Test report
The test (inspection) report must be accompanied by the test value list and test graph in Appendix A Figure A2. The test report should include the following contents: a) The standard based on which the test is conducted;
b) The name, density, specification, type, production date and manufacturer of the test sample; c) The test gas and the working pressure of the gas; d) The maximum smoke density (MSD) value and the smoke density rating (SDR) value, and the degree of recognition of the EXIT (clear, fuzzy, unrecognizable); e) Records of test phenomena: combustion, foaming, melting, dripping, stratification, etc.; f) Test date and test personnel.
GB/T8627—1999
1 Thermometer; 2 Digital display window; 3 Print key; 4 Operation key, 5 Smoke box door axis; 6 Base plate; 7 Safety sign; 8 Light beam incident port; 9 Specimen holder 10 Bunsen burner; 11 Receiver tray; 12 Air inlet, 13 Propane gas pipe; 14 Light source box; 15 Pressure gauge; 16 Fan Figure 1 Schematic diagram of smoke box
Sleeve outer tube
Mixer
Conical sleeve
Sliding sleeve
Propane gas pipe
Air passage
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of burner structure
Light source bulb
Reflector
GB/T 8627- 1999
Mesh grating
Smoke box wall
Sealed glass
Mancha Jiao Guangdong
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the light path of the smoke box
Thermometer
Photocell
[Enlarge-
[Digital display
[Print
Bunsen burner
MCS-51
（8031)
GB/T 8627-1999
(Appendix of prompt)
Example of calculation of test results
Example 1: Figure A1 is the test graph of a certain sample. The percentage values of α corresponding to every 15s are 43.0, 75.5, 85.0, 90.0, 91.0, 91.5, 89.0, 88.0, 87.0, 85.0, 82.0, 81.0, 80.0, 79.0, 76.5, 73.0, according to the definition: Smoke density level (SDR)
a16)×100= 78. 8
.. + a5 +
(a+2++
Example 2: Figure A2 is the test graph of two samples. The curve drawing and the calculation of MSD and SDR values are completed by computer.
Absorption modification rate, %
+...i.......R..+.
Test graph of a sample
Test Result:
MSD=89.00
SDR=73. 32
SDR1=76. 13
SDR2=72. 10
SDR3=71.78
Test OK!
Test Result:
SDR=73.32
GB/T8627—1999
Test Result :
MSD=53.00
SDR=48.60
SDR1=56.28
SDR2=64.03
SDR3=25.50
Test Fail!
Test Result:
MSD=53.00
SDR=48.60
Test graphs of two samples
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