Some standard content:
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
DC Resistor Voltage Divider Boxes
D,C.Resistive Volt Rattlo BoxesUDC 621.317.727
1t :621.317
.2--187.3
GB 3928-—83
-IEC 524-75
This standard applies to DC resistor voltage dividers with fixed ratio, rated input voltage up to 1.5kV and grade index of 0.1 [1000ppm (parts per million) or 10-3 (scientific notation))* or better. This standard applies to all equipment included in or provided by the manufacturer (or responsible supplier) as the main component of the voltage divider box. This standard does not apply to auxiliary equipment.
2 Terms and Definitions
The following definitions apply to this standard:
2.1 DC resistive voltage ratio box (hereinafter referred to as "voltage divider box") DC resistive voltage ratio box (hereinafter referred to as "VRB").
A device consisting of a network of resistors with fixed ratios to provide an output voltage equal to a predetermined fraction of the input voltage. The voltage divider box may have one or several ratios and, in one case, may have several inputs (Figure 1a) or several outputs (Figure 1b). It is often used as a process multiplier for DC voltage difference meters. Input
381:75
2.2 Rated voltage(s) The voltage value appearing in the voltage divider designation. 2.3 Nominal voltage ratio nominal voltage ratio The ratio of the rated input voltage to the rated output voltage. 2.4 True voltage ratio ratioThe ratio of the applied input voltage to the unconnected output voltage
382/75
2.5Line insulation voltage (nominal circuit voltage)circuitinsulation voitage (nominalcircuityoltage) can be applied to the voltage divider circuit without becoming a dangerous maximum voltage to the ground. Instructions for use:
*【FC52175《DC resistance voltage divider box）True support 4: No scientific standard method, according to【FC532-75 (first draft in 1979) (DC potentiometer).
National Bureau of Standards 1983-11-0B Published 1984-06-01 Implementation of GB3928-83 means the circuit that constitutes the voltage divider from the insulation point of view. Note: Auxiliary circuits (if any) may have different line insulation voltages (nominal line voltage). 2.6 Auxiliary equipment Auxiliary equipment necessary to enable the voltage divider to work accurately and fully and to measure voltage. 2.7 Leakage current shield (circuit) A conductive path that prevents leakage current from affecting the measurement result. 2.8 Electrostatic shielding sereen A conductive shell or coating that protects the air it encloses from the influence of external static electricity. 2.9 Ripple content Ripple content
The root mean square voltage of the passive component *
DC voltage
common mode voltage
2.10 Common mode voltage
The voltage that exists separately or jointly (according to regulations) between the input and output common terminals and the ground terminal, the leakage current shield terminal or the electrostatic shield terminal.
2.f Influence quantity influence quantity-… A quantity that tends to cause an undesirable change in the voltage ratio of the voltage divider. 2.12 Variation with influence quantity (variation with influence guantity) When an influence quantity takes two different specified values, the difference between two values measured for the same voltage ratio. 2.13 Reference condition reference condition The specified condition that makes the voltage divider meet the relevant basic error requirements. 2.14 reference value a specified single value of an influence quantity within which the voltage divider meets the requirements of the basic error. 2.15 reference range a specified range of values of an influence quantity within which the voltage divider meets the requirements of the basic error. 2.f6 nominal range of use the specified range of values of each influence quantity which may be taken without causing variations beyond the specified limits. 2.17 limiting values of an influence quantity the maximum value which an influence quantity may take without damaging the voltage divider or causing permanent changes such that it no longer meets the requirements of its accuracy grade.
2.18 fiducial value the value used as a reference in order to specify the accuracy of the voltage divider. The fiducial value of each ratio is its nominal voltage ratio. 2.19 error the difference obtained by subtracting the actual voltage ratio from the nominal voltage ratio. 2.20 Error expressed as a proportion of the fiducial value Error expressed as a proportion of the fiducial value divided by the fiducial value.
It may be expressed as a percentage or parts per million or in scientific notation**. Basic error intrinsic error
Instructions for use:
*IEC Product 21 original text: "The ripple of the DC power supply contains the most percentage of the DC component: follow the shear root voltage of the dynamic component × 100*, reported according to 1F.C523 modification, current treasure
**"EC524 original text has no scientific notation.
Error determined under reference conditions.
2.22 Accuracy accuracy
GB3928—83
The accuracy of the voltage divider is limited by the limit of the basic error and the limit of variation caused by the influence quantity. 2.23 Accuracy class accuracy class The grade of the voltage divider. All voltage dividers that meet all the requirements of this standard can use the same number to represent their accuracy. 2.24 Class index class index
The number that marks the accuracy grade.
2.25 Parasitic voltage parasitic vollage is the unwanted voltage that appears at the output when no input voltage is applied or immediately after the input voltage is removed. Note: The voltage can be:
1 DC voltage caused by thermoelectric, chemical and similar reasons; 2 AC voltage or pulse voltage must be determined by auxiliary equipment. 3 Classification
The voltage divider specified in this standard is classified according to the accuracy level defined in Article 2.23: a. 0.0001, 0.0002, 0.0005, 0.001. 0.002, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1; b. 1ppm, 2ppm, 5ppm, 10ppm, 20ppm, 50ppm, 100ppm, 200ppm, 500ppm1000ppm, c*1×10 6, 2×10-6, 5 ×10-6, 1×10-5, 2×10 =,5×10-5, 1×10-*, 2×10-*,5×10*4,1 × 10-5.
The grade index of the voltage divider can be expressed as a, in percentage, b, in ppm or c, in scientific notation. 4 Limits of basic error
If the use, transportation and storage conditions specified by the manufacturer are followed, the voltage divider shall meet the corresponding basic error limits specified for each accuracy grade within one year from the date of delivery or another date agreed upon by the manufacturer (or the responsible supplier) and the user. For the voltage divider, the ratio stability with time is determined as a The basic characteristics are here extended to one year only, but experience has shown that the specific change rate due to aging decreases with time. 4.1 Allowable limits of basic error
When the voltage divider is in the reference conditions shown in Table 2, the basic error of the voltage divider shall not exceed the limit values related to its accuracy level given in Table 1.
Error
Error about
Use Note:
10,0001
Basic error limits expressed as a ratio of the reference value.0005
= 0,0302
*There is no scientific standard method in the original text of IEC524, according to IEC523, 0.005
Scientific standard method*
Error
11×10-0
2×10-6
5×10-0
GB3928-83
Continued Table 1
1×10-5 : 2×10-5
5 x 10-i
1×10-4
2×10--
=1×10-±2×10-0/+5×10-3±1×10-#-2×10-5[±×10-±1×10-±2×10-*4.2 Multi-ratio voltage divider
A voltage divider with several selectable voltage ratios shall meet the requirements of 4.1 for all ratios. Unless otherwise specified, all selectable self-voltage ratios shall have the same grade index. 4.3 DC parasitic voltage
5 × 10-
5×10-4/±1×10-#
When the voltage divider is used at any rated voltage, if it is operated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, the error caused by the self-current parasitic voltage should not exceed 0.2 of the corresponding grade index value. Note: When the test nature is appropriate, the influence of the self-current parasitic voltage can be reduced by changing the polarity of the input voltage and taking the average of the two measurements. 5 Determination conditions of basic error
5.1 The corresponding reference conditions of each influencing quantity are shown in Table 2. 5.2 Before any measurement is made, sufficient time should be allowed for the voltage divider to reach a stable state and to achieve equilibrium at the reference value of the influencing quantity. Table 2 Reference conditions and tolerances of influencing quantities Reference conditions (except ambient temperature, relative humidity, input power, ripple content of input voltage, common mode current, and other conditions not specified by the manufacturer) 20%: 40 % ~ 60 %
Rated value
Less than 0.1%
Allowance: For reference range, no tolerance is allowed. Equivalent
0.0001~0.001
0.002~0.01
②If the temperature is specified outside, 23 or 27℃ should be selected**Adoption description:
*Scientific notation in the original text of IEC524.
20～100
200~1000
All grades
All grades
All grades
Order grades
All grades
Scientific notation*
1×10 E-1×10-#
2 × 10 -1 ~1 × 10-3
2× 10-+~1×10-3
Tolerance for use during the test "
1 circuit of the maximum specified common mode
voltage"**IEC524 source text is, "If another temperature is to be specified, it can be selected from IECIG0 Publication 4, that is, 23℃. or 27F" GB3928-83
5.3 The manufacturer shall specify the duration of time that the input voltage must be applied before measurement. In the absence of any such specification, this time is assumed to be zero.
5. Leakage current shielding (circuitry), if any, shall be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions for use. If there is an electrostatic shield separate from the leakage current shielding, it shall be grounded, and if the housing is conductive, it shall also be grounded. 6 Allowable variation
6.1 Limits of variation
When the voltage divider is under the reference conditions given in Table 2 and the individual influencing quantities vary in accordance with 6.2, the variation shall not exceed the values specified in Table 3 and 6.3.
Table 3 Nominal use range limits and allowable variations
Influence panel
Ambient temperature?
Relative humidity
Input voltage
Ripple content of input voltage
DC common mode voltage
0.0001-0.001
0.002 ~0.01
0.0001~0.1
0.0001 ~0.1
0.0001~0.001
0.002-0.01
0.0001~0.1
Note: Expressed as a percentage of the grade index. Level
20~100
200~1000
1~1000
1-1000
20~100
200~1000
1~1000
Scientific notation*
1× 10*6 ~1× 10-#
2×10-5 -1 × 10-3
2×10-i~1×10 3
1× 1u- -1×10-3
1 ×10-61× 10-3
1×10-6 ~1×10-s
2×10*~{×10-}
2× 10-+~1× 10-#
1×10 -5 ~1× 10-3
Nominal use range limit (unless otherwise specified in the manufacturing order)
Reference value± 2 ℃
Upper reference value
Reference value±0℃
25% and 75%
0.1 times and t.1 times of rated voltage
Zero and 100% of maximum rated common mode voltage
Allowable variation②For voltage divider boxes with automatic temperature control, the manufacturer shall specify the nominal use range limit of the ambient temperature, but not the internal temperature of the voltage divider box.
6.2 Conditions for determining the variation
6.2.1 The variation shall be determined for each influencing quantity. During each determination, all other influencing quantities shall be kept at their reference conditions. 6.2.2 The variation shall be evaluated as follows:
6.2.2.1 When a reference value is specified for the voltage divider, the influencing quantity shall vary between this value and any value within the limits of the nominal use range given in Table 3.
6.2.2.2 When a reference range and a nominal use range are specified for the voltage divider, the influencing quantity shall vary between any value within the limits of the reference range and the adjacent part of the nominal use range. Notes on use:
* There is no scientific notation in IEC524.
GB3928-83
6.3 Variation caused by common mode voltage
The test for determining the influence of common mode voltage shall be carried out only by agreement between the manufacturer and the user (see Appendix A). Additional electrical and mechanical requirements
.1 Effect of self-heating
7.1.1 Under reference conditions, when the voltage divider is continuously energized at rated voltage, the voltage divider shall comply with the requirements of its corresponding accuracy grade for each ratio from the instant of application of the medium voltage to any period during which this voltage is applied (unless the manufacturer specifies the necessary pre-energization time: see 5.3). 7.1.2 The effect of self-heating should be determined from the difference in the voltage ratio 1 minute before and 30 minutes after the rated voltage is applied. This difference should not exceed half of the value of the corresponding grade index. 7.2 Voltage test and other safety requirements
The test voltage of the voltage divider is related to its line insulation voltage (nominal line voltage). The test voltage values corresponding to each line insulation voltage (nominal line voltage) are listed in the table*. Table 4 Line insulation voltage, marking and test voltage of measuring lines Line insulation voltage of measuring lines (nominal line voltage) V ...2 requirements for numbers placed within a star symbol. GB3928-83
At true current 500V=10% or line insulation voltage (nominal line voltage) ±10% (the larger of the two voltages), the DC insulation resistance measured from any two points without any connection shall not be less than the resistance given in Table 5. The test shall be carried out between 1 and 2 minutes after the voltage is applied. Table 5 Minimum insulation resistance
0.0001 ~ 0.001
0.0020.01
20-100
200~1000
Minimum value of insulation resistance
Scientific trace method*
I × [0-6 ~1×10~5
2×10-3~1×10-
2 ×10-+ -{ × t0: 1
Note: These insulation resistance values may not be enough to fully guarantee the accuracy of the voltage divider box. 7.4 Temperature limits during storage, transportation and use 100G2
Unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, the voltage divider box should be able to withstand exposure to an ambient temperature of -10 to +50°C without damage. After returning to the reference conditions, the voltage divider box should meet the requirements of this standard. Note: If the voltage divider box is installed on a rack or test bench, care should be taken to ensure that the ventilation required for its operation is not blocked. It 0.0001~0.001 (1~1Ppm or 1 ×10-\～1×10-5）* When the voltage divider is exposed to below C, it may cause damage. B. Information, signs and symbols
8.1 Information
8.1.1 The manufacturer shall provide the following information:,
Name or trademark of the manufacturer (or responsible supplier), Model given by the manufacturer (or responsible supplier): Serial number:
Grade number:
Nominal voltage ratio:
If the temperature is different from the temperature given in Table 2 and Table 3, the reference and nominal use temperature shall be given. Range: Rated voltage (Un);
If the voltage is different from that given in Table 3, the nominal voltage range should be given: The following forms of resistance:
For the type of voltage divider shown in Figure 1a, the nominal resistance across the output terminal is divided by the nominal output voltage (for example, 1000Ω/V): For the type of voltage divider shown in Figure 1b, the nominal resistance across the input terminal. When the voltage divider is not in the form shown in Figure 1a or Figure 1b (for example, the voltage divider has a leakage current circuit), all relevant electrical components (or resistance, nominal voltage value) All should be explained, j. Test voltage;
If necessary, the test position and its nominal use range should be given; if necessary, the basic parameters of auxiliary equipment should be given! Reference:
* There is no transfer marking method in the original IEC524.
GB3928-83
m. Circuit diagram, component values and replaceable parts list, n. If the influencing quantity is different from that given in Table 2 and Table 3, the reference value (range) and nominal use range of other influencing quantities (see f and k) should be given.
8.1.2 If the verification certificate is provided by agreement between the manufacturer (or responsible supplier) and the user, it should include the following:
9: Verified voltage ratio and its uncertainty (error): b. Verification date,
c. Name of the verification unit.
8.2 Marking, symbols and their positions
Marking and symbols should be clear, easy to read and not easy to erase; the symbols specified in Table 6 should be used.
B,2.1 The following contents should be marked on the nameplate or housing: a, b, c, d (using symbols E-I or E-5 and E-6), e, f, g, n, i, j (using symbols C-1 to C-3), k (using symbols D-1 to D6) in 8.1.1. In addition, the following markings should be made:
"Voltage divider" This name written in other languages. If necessary, the symbol F-33 indicates that some other necessary contents are given in a separate document. If reference values and reference ranges are marked, these data should be underlined for identification. 8.2.2 The following terminals shall be marked near the terminals to identify the input and output terminals (with rated voltage), a.
Terminals for connecting auxiliary equipment (power type and rated voltage): b.
Earthing terminal (if any) (use symbol F-31), c.
Leakage current shield (line) terminal (if any); Electrostatic shield terminal (if any).
8.2.3 Other internal wear may be given on the nameplate or casing or in a separate document. 8.3 Documentation
8.3.1 The document shall state.
a. Operating method
b. Procedures suitable for establishing compliance with the performance requirements of this standard; C. If necessary, a description of routine maintenance. 8.3.2 The document shall also state:
abci, k, m, n in 8.1.1.
8.3.3 When providing a verification certificate as specified in 8.1.2, a, b, c in 8.1.1 and a, b, c in 8.1.2 shall be stated. 8.4 Examples of markings for voltage divider boxes
8.4.1 Voltage divider box of type shown in Figure 1a
NO. 1 2 3 4 5
GB3928—83
Voltage divider box
Model t A, B, CD
0.02 (or 200ppm or 2×10*)
1500 V / 150 V / 15 V+1.5 v
(..d.+.....) On
10000/ywww.bzxz.net
80\....90-..[00
In this example the marking provides the following:
8, voltage divider box, model A, B, C, D, serial number 12345, manufactured by NN; grade index is 0.02, 200ppm or 2×10-t*, b.
nominal voltage ratio is 1000, 100 and 10:
d. electrical reference value and nominal use range: when the ratio is 1000, 100, 10,
rated voltage (Un) is 1500V150V, 15V, and the nominal use range is from 600V , 60V, GV to 2100V, 210V, 21V; e Even if the reference temperature is the same as that given in Table 2, since the nominal range of temperature is different from that given in Table 3, this range value and the reference temperature must be marked
"10002, V" means that the resistance across the input end is 1500α, and the total resistance across the 1500V input end is f.
The position symbol (symbol D4) indicates that the reference position is perpendicular to the support surface and has a nominal range of use of 10\ with the vertical line. g.
For a line insulation voltage (nominal line voltage) of 3kV, the voltage divider box must withstand a voltage test of 7kV. h.
8.4.2 The voltage divider box of Figure 1b type
uses instructions:
*4 Scientific international notation in the text.
NO. 6 7 8 9
a. (or [uppm or ×·
Jhw:V+2V:$V
In this example, the mark provides the following content: GB3928-83
Voltage divider box
a, voltage divider box, model X, Y, Z sequence 6 78 9, manufactured by PQ; b. Grade index is 0.1, 1000Ppm or 1 × 10-3 *; c Nominal voltage ratio is 1000, 500 and 200: Model: x. Y, z
d. Because the reference voltage and nominal voltage range are not marked, the provisions of Table 3 apply. Therefore, for all voltage ratios, the reference value is 1000V and the nominal range is from 1100 to 100V: e. Because the reference temperature and nominal temperature range are not marked, the provisions of Tables 2 and 3 apply. That is, when the reference temperature is 20℃, the nominal range is The range is from 10 to 30℃1
The resistance across the input end is 1M:
For the line insulation voltage (nominal line voltage) of 2kV, the voltage divider box must withstand a 5kV voltage test. Other basic parameters are given in a separate document, especially the position symbol indicates that the voltage divider box can be used in any position. Table 6 Symbols for voltage dividers**
Use instructions:
Main units and their multiples and decimals
*IEC:524 Source: Optical Science Notation. **The original text of IEC524 is: "These symbols are extracted from IEC51 in X". A
A-—18
A—17
A—20
A—24
GB 3928—83
Continued Table 6
Celsius
Megaohm
Test voltage 500V
Test voltage exceeds 500V (for example: 2kV) Instruments that have not been subjected to voltage tests
Use position vibration
When using a voltage divider box, its supporting surface is vertical
When using a voltage divider box. When the supporting surface is water-receiving and the pressure dividing box is used, the inclination angle between the supporting surface and the water half surface is (for example; research)
D— 6
F—41
Instructions for use:
GB3928-83
Continued Table 6
Example of using the pressure dividing box according to D--1, nominal use range 80···.-.0
Example of using the pressure dividing box according to D-2, nominal use range - 1... 1·
Pressure dividing box D-3 Examples used: nominal range 45··.-76
accuracy grade
grade index expressed as a percentage of the standard value (e.g. .1)
grade index expressed as a scientific symbol of the reference value (e.g. 1×10-)*
grade index expressed as a few parts per million of the reference value (e.g. 100ppm)
electric shielding
low ground terminal
see the document given above
leakage current shielding
*1F.C524 original text has no scientific notation. Number
90°.*+9**..++100
1×10-1
in consideration
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