JB/T 5928-1991 Bench test method for drive axle of construction machinery
Some standard content:
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T5928—91
Engineering Machinery Drive Axle
Published on 1991-12-17
Bench Test Method
Implemented on 1992-07-01
Published by the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry of the People's Republic of China
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Engineering Machinery Drive Axle
Subject Content and Scope of Application
Bench Test Method
This standard specifies the bench test method for engineering machinery drive axle. This standard applies to the drive axle of wheeled engineering machinery such as loaders, cranes, excavators, and scrapers. 2
Referenced standards
ZBJ83008
JB3803
JB/T5929
Types and basic parameters of drive axles of wheeled engineering machineryBench test method for automobile drive axles
Noise measurement method for engineering machinery
Reliability test method for drive axles of engineering machinery 3 Calculation load of bench test method for drive axles of engineering machinery 3.1 Calculation of static torsion test of drive axle assemblyTursion torque T, considering the maximum torque of the engine;
For mechanical transmission system, calculate according to formula (1): T, = Txig..K
For hydromechanical transmission system, calculate according to formula (2): T,'=TTmaxinK.
In the formula: T, torque value calculated according to the maximum torque of the engine, N·m; Temax
--the maximum output torque of the engine, N·m;
igl--the first gear ratio of the gearbox (or through the transfer case); the maximum output torque of the torque converter, N·m;
--the total efficiency from the engine to the drive axle, selected according to the design value: the total efficiency from the output end of the torque converter to the drive axle, selected according to the design value; K.
Torque distribution coefficient, see Table 1.
When considering the maximum adhesion, calculate according to formula (3): Torque distribution coefficient approved by the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry on December 17, 1991
Machinery driven by a single axle
JB/T5928-91
Machinery driven by multiple axles
(through axle and non-through axle)
(2)
Implemented on July 1, 1992
JB/T5928-91
T,\Gpt
In the formula, T\-Torque calculated to the active bevel gear of the reducer according to the maximum adhesion, N·m; 7-Total transmission efficiency of the drive axle, selected according to the design value; p-Adhesion coefficient between tire and road, selected according to the design value; n\Tire rolling radius, m;
(-Total transmission ratio of the drive axle (including wheel-side reduction) ; G-rated bridge load, kN.
Select the smaller value between T, and T, as the calculated torque T, for the static torsion test of the drive axle assembly. + (3)
3.2 The calculated torque TF for the drive axle assembly gear fatigue test and the bevel gear support stiffness test shall be selected according to the TF specified in Article 5.2.4.1 of JB/T5929.
3.3 Drive axle housing vertical bending fatigue test load 3.3.1 The maximum value of the drive axle housing vertical bending fatigue test load P, is calculated according to formula (4) based on the working characteristics of various machines: P,KG
Where: G—drive axle rated bridge load;
K-dynamic load coefficient;
For loaders, the K value is 2;
For tire cranes, the K value is 2.5;
For automobile cranes For heavy machinery, off-road cranes, and hydraulic excavators, the K value is 3. 3.3.2 The minimum value P2 of the vertical bending fatigue test load of the drive axle housing adopts the load when the stress is equal to zero. 4 Drive axle assembly test
4.1 Static torsion test of drive axle assembly
4.1.1 Test purpose
Inspect the weakest part of the drive axle assembly that is subject to torsion to calculate the static torsion strength safety factor of the assembly. 4.1.2 Test samples
The entrusted unit shall provide products that meet the requirements of the design drawings, and 3 samples shall be taken with necessary design and process data. 4.1.3 Test equipment
Torque machine, XY recorder, sensor, etc. 4.1.4 Test procedure
Fix the assembled drive axle assembly axle housing on the bracket. The input end of the drive axle assembly is connected to the output end of the torque machine. Drive axle The output end is fixed on the bracket;
Adjust the torque machine arm so that it swings up and down in the horizontal position during the test, and calibrate the instrument; bi
Start the torque machine to load slowly (the speed of the torque machine output end is not more than 0.25r/min), and record the MQ curve (torque and torsion angle relationship) through the XY recorder until any part is broken, and record the torque and torsion angle at the time of breaking. 4.1.5 Data processing
Calculate the static torsion strength, and take the arithmetic mean of the torque values of the three samples at breaking; the static torsion strength safety factor is calculated according to formula (5): Where: S static torsion strength safety factor;
JB/T5928—91
T--static torsion breaking torque of drive axle assembly, N·m; T,--calculated torque of static torsion test of drive axle assembly, N·m. 4.1.6 Result processing
Analyze the fracture, metallographic structure and test data of the damaged parts after the test, and write a test report. 4.2 Test of vertical bending stiffness and vertical bending static strength of drive axle housing This test is only applicable to drive axle housings with non-independent suspension and full-floating half-axle structure. 4.2.1 Test purpose
Check the vertical bending stiffness and vertical bending strength of the drive axle housing and calculate its bending safety factor. 4.2.2 Test samples
The entrusted unit shall provide products that meet the requirements of the design drawings, take 3 samples, and attach necessary design process data. 4.2.3 Test equipment
Material testing machine or hydraulic fatigue testing machine, hydraulic dry jack, dial indicator, strain gauge, oscilloscope, etc. 4.2.4 Test procedure
·(5)
a. Install the axle housing with bracket and bearing seat on the bracket and place the axle housing horizontally. When the force point is at the center of the mounting block, the fulcrum is the corresponding point at the wheelbase of the bridge;
The force direction should be perpendicular to the center line of the bridge shell. Select a hinged fulcrum so that it does not interfere with the movement; b.
After installation, preload from zero to the rated bridge load 2 to 3 times, and measure again after unloading; c.
When unloading to zero, adjust the dial indicator (or other displacement sensor) to zero. There should be no less than 4 measuring points. The measurement point should be selected d.
The maximum deformation part of the bridge shell;
Slowly load, record the dial indicator from zero, and use a strain gauge to monitor the change of load to perform the vertical bending stiffness test of the bridge shell. e.
Add the load to the value specified in Article 3.3.1 of this standard. The number of records in this process shall not be less than 8 times, and the displacement of each point at the maximum load must be recorded. Each bridge shell should be measured at least three times. At the beginning of each test, the dial indicator (or other displacement sensor) should be adjusted to zero: f. When performing the vertical bending static strength test of the bridge housing, do not install the dial indicator, and do not repeat the load from one time to the middle of the failure. Record the failure load (fracture or severe plastic deformation).
4.2.5 Data processing
a. Vertical bending stiffness test of the bridge housing of the drive axle. Calculate the value of the ratio of the maximum displacement point of the bridge to the wheelbase, and list the displacement of each measuring point according to the value specified in Article 3.3.1 of this standard:
The failure (fracture, or severe plastic deformation) safety factor of the vertical bending static strength test of the bridge housing of the drive axle is calculated according to formula (6): P
Where: S. --Vertical bending failure safety factor; P.-Vertical bending failure load of the bridge housing of the drive axle, kN; G rated bridge load, kN.
4.2.6 Result processing
Analyze the fracture, metallographic structure and data of the test sample and write a test report. 4.3 Vertical bending fatigue test of drive axle housing This test is only applicable to drive axle housings with non-independent suspension and full-floating half-axle structures. (6)
4.3.1 Test purpose
To determine the vertical bending fatigue life of the drive axle housing. 4.3.2 Test samples
JB/T5928-91
The entrusted unit shall provide products that meet the requirements of the design drawings, take 3 samples, and attach necessary design and process data. 4.3.3 Test equipment
Hydraulic fatigue testing machine, hydraulic dry weight, strain gauge, oscilloscope, etc. 4.3.4 Test procedure
Paste the strain gauge on the bridge housing, and its position should be selected where the stress is greater; the installation of the bridge housing and the position of the force application point and the support point are the same as a and b in Article 4.2.4 of this standard; c.
After installation, preload from zero to rated bridge load 2 to 3 times, and start the test after unloading; d. First, use the strain gauge and oscilloscope to statically calibrate the test machine, and measure the strain values corresponding to the minimum load and the maximum load. The accuracy should be controlled within ±3%;
e.Add pulsating load, the cycle period is 3s, loading 1.5s, unloading 1.5s, use strain gauge and oscilloscope for monitoring, load until the bridge housing breaks, record the number of cycles and damage when damaged. 4.3.5 Data processing
Because the fatigue life damage of the bridge housing vertical bending follows the log-normal distribution (or Weibull distribution), the median fatigue life is taken. 4.3.6 Result processing
Write a test report based on the sorted test data, fracture, and metallographic analysis results. 4.4 Drive axle assembly bevel gear support rigidity test 4.4.1 Test purpose
Understand the drive axle assembly bevel gear support rigidity. 4.4.2 Test sample
The entrusted unit shall provide products that meet the design drawings and technical requirements. 4.4.3 Test device
Reduction device that can realize forward and reverse rotation, torque speed meter, meter, etc. 4.4.4 Test conditions
Load: Select the value specified in Article 3.2 of this standard. Speed: The speed of the driving wheel n is not greater than 10r/min; b.
Gauge and its position: The gauge uses a dial indicator, and the position should be able to measure the relative displacement of the driving and driven bevel gears; the displacement of the driving and driven bevel gears relative to the drive axle housing. 4.4.5 Test procedure
Record the meshing imprint, press 0,
gear meshing imprint;
M2, 1M loading procedure, record the gauge readings in the forward and reverse directions of the cone Mz, 1M, loading procedure, record the gauge readings in the forward and reverse directions, and the torque value applied to the driving wheel. Each working condition needs to be measured repeatedly 3 times, and the arithmetic average is taken as the displacement. 4.4.6 Data processing
According to the test records, sort out the displacement of the active bevel gear relative to the housing; the displacement of the driven bevel gear relative to the housing; and the displacement of the active bevel gear relative to the driven bevel gear. 4.4.7 Result processing
Compare the test results with the test technical indicators of the drive axle to analyze the support rigidity of the bevel gear of the tested drive axle, and analyze various meshing traces according to the requirements of the drawings.
4.5 Noise test of single pair of spiral bevel gears (or hypoid gears) 4.5.1 Test purpose
Measure the noise of a single pair of bevel gears,
4.5.2 Test samples
JB/T5928——91
The entrusted unit shall provide products that meet the requirements of the design drawings, sample 3 pairs, and attach the original data of design, process, etc. 4.5.3 Test equipment
Bevel gear testing machine (or matching machine), precision sound level meter (use A gear). 4.5.4 Test conditions
Measurement location: should be carried out in a place where the background and reflected sound have little influence; Load: 20N?m;
Speed: according to the set speed of the matching machine (or bevel gear testing machine): Measurement location: The probe of the precision sound level meter (A gear) is placed on the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the active bevel gear, 300mm away from the gear meshing center, and 3 points are measured, and the maximum value is taken.
Correction of background noise: When the difference between the background noise and the noise of the measured sample is greater than or equal to 10dB, no correction is required. When it is less than 10dB, it should be corrected according to Table 2.
Differential value of sound level meter
4.5.5 Result processing
Determine the noise level, and record the working conditions, measurement location, measurement value, etc. according to the format of Table 3. Table 3
Testing number
Input shaft speed
4.6 Drive axle assembly noise test
4.6.1 Test purpose
Measure the noise of the drive axle assembly.
4.6.2 Test sample
Measurement direction
Measurement distance
Base noise
Measured value
Measured value
Average value
The commissioning unit shall provide samples that meet the requirements of the design drawings, take 3 samples, and attach necessary design and process data. The samples include the wheel side reduction part.
4.6.3 Test device
Speed change device that can realize forward and reverse rotation, precision sound level meter, etc. 4.6.4 Test conditions
There shall be no acoustic wave obstacles within 2m around the measuring point, and the height of the centerline of the sample's half-axle from the ground shall not be less than the tire radius; the measuring point position shall be determined according to the maximum external dimensions of the main reducer. When the maximum dimension is less than 200mm, the measuring point shall be 150mm above the surface of the main reducer housing on the vertical extension line of the centerline of the passive bevel gear. When the maximum dimension is less than 500nim, it shall be 300mm above the main reducer:
Load: plus no-load:
Speed: according to the maximum speed allowed for the drive axle assembly: Test oil temperature: according to the provisions of Article 5.2.4.4 of JB/T5929; the correction of the background noise shall be the same as Article 4.5.4e of this standard. Result processing
The same as Article 4.5.5 of this standard.
Test report
JB/T5928—91
After the test is completed, a test report should be written, and the content of the report includes the following items. 5.1 Foreword. Including the name, model and main technical data of the test piece, the year and month of manufacture, the name of the manufacturer, the test time and the test location. 5.2 Test purpose.
5.3 Specifications and models of test equipment and instruments. 5.4 Test preparation.
5.5 Test items and test methods.
5.6 Test results, including problems encountered during the test and their treatment, with test data, calculation results and test curves attached. 5.7
Test accuracy analysis.
Test conclusions and suggestions.
Additional notes:
This standard was proposed and managed by Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute. This standard was drafted by Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute. The main drafter of this standard is Du Yiyuan.
People's Republic of China
Mechanical Industry Standard
Engineering Machinery Drive Axle
Hand Bench Test Method
JB/T5928--91
Published and distributed by the Mechanical Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry (P.O. Box 8144, Beijing
Postal Code 100081)
No Reproduction
Copyright reserved
Printing Factory, Qinghe County, Hebei Province, White
Format 880×1230
Sheet 5/8
Number of Words 12000
First Printing in December 1991
First Edition in December 1991
Print Quantity 00.001--500
Price 1.00 Yuan
No. 04911 Test purpose
Measure the noise of a single pair of bevel gears.
4.5.2 Test samples
JB/T5928——91
The entrusted unit shall provide products that meet the requirements of the design drawings, sample 3 pairs, and attach the original data of design, process, etc. 4.5.3 Test equipment
Bevel gear testing machine (or pairing machine), precision sound level meter (use A gear). 4.5.4 Test conditions
Measurement location: should be carried out in a place where the background and reflected sound have little influence; Load: 20N?m;
Speed: according to the set speed of the matching machine (or bevel gear testing machine): Measurement location: The probe of the precision sound level meter (A gear) is placed on the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the active bevel gear, 300mm away from the gear meshing center, and 3 points are measured, and the maximum value is taken.
Correction of background noise: When the difference between the background noise and the noise of the measured sample is greater than or equal to 10dB, no correction is required. When it is less than 10dB, it should be corrected according to Table 2.
Differential value of sound level meter
4.5.5 Result processing
Determine the noise level, and record the working conditions, measurement location, measurement value, etc. according to the format of Table 3. Table 3
Testing number
Input shaft speed
4.6 Drive axle assembly noise test
4.6.1 Test purpose
Measure the noise of the drive axle assembly.
4.6.2 Test sample
Measurement direction
Measurement distance
Base noise
Measured value
Measured value
Average value
The commissioning unit shall provide samples that meet the requirements of the design drawings, take 3 samples, and attach necessary design and process data. The samples include the wheel side reduction part.
4.6.3 Test device
Speed change device that can realize forward and reverse rotation, precision sound level meter, etc. 4.6.4 Test conditions
There shall be no acoustic wave obstacles within 2m around the measuring point, and the height of the centerline of the sample's half-axle from the ground shall not be less than the tire radius; the measuring point position shall be determined according to the maximum external dimensions of the main reducer. When the maximum dimension is less than 200mm, the measuring point shall be 150mm above the surface of the main reducer housing on the vertical extension line of the centerline of the passive bevel gear. When the maximum dimension is less than 500nim, it shall be 300mm above the main reducer:
Load: plus no-load:
Speed: according to the maximum speed allowed for the drive axle assembly: Test oil temperature: according to the provisions of Article 5.2.4.4 of JB/T5929; the correction of the background noise shall be the same as Article 4.5.4e of this standard. Result processing
The same as Article 4.5.5 of this standard.
Test report
JB/T5928—91
After the test is completed, a test report should be written, and the report content includes the following items. 5.1 Foreword. Including the name, model and main technical data of the test piece, the year and month of manufacture, the name of the manufacturer, the test time and the test location. 5.2 Test purpose.
5.3 Specifications and models of test equipment and instruments. 5.4 Test preparation.
5.5 Test items and test methods.
5.6 Test results, including problems encountered during the test and their treatment, with test data, calculation results and test curves attached. 5.7
Test accuracy analysis.
Test conclusions and suggestions.
Additional notes:
This standard was proposed and managed by Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute. This standard was drafted by Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute. The main drafter of this standard is Du Yiyuan.
People's Republic of China
Mechanical Industry Standard
Engineering Machinery Drive Axle
Hand Bench Test Method
JB/T5928--91
Published and distributed by the Mechanical Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry (P.O. Box 8144, Beijing
Postal Code 100081)
No Reproduction
Copyright reserved
Printing Factory, Qinghe County, Hebei Province, White
Format 880×1230
Sheet 5/8
Number of Words 12000
First Printing in December 1991
First Edition in December 1991
Print Quantity 00.001--500
Price 1.00 Yuan
No. 04911 Test purposewwW.bzxz.Net
Measure the noise of a single pair of bevel gears.
4.5.2 Test samples
JB/T5928——91
The entrusted unit shall provide products that meet the requirements of the design drawings, sample 3 pairs, and attach the original data of design, process, etc. 4.5.3 Test equipment
Bevel gear testing machine (or pairing machine), precision sound level meter (use A gear). 4.5.4 Test conditions
Measurement location: should be carried out in a place where the background and reflected sound have little influence; Load: 20N?m;
Speed: according to the set speed of the matching machine (or bevel gear testing machine): Measurement location: The probe of the precision sound level meter (A gear) is placed on the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the active bevel gear, 300mm away from the gear meshing center, and 3 points are measured, and the maximum value is taken.
Correction of background noise: When the difference between the background noise and the noise of the measured sample is greater than or equal to 10dB, no correction is required. When it is less than 10dB, it should be corrected according to Table 2.
Differential value of sound level meter
4.5.5 Result processing
Determine the noise level, and record the working conditions, measurement location, measurement value, etc. according to the format of Table 3. Table 3
Testing number
Input shaft speed
4.6 Drive axle assembly noise test
4.6.1 Test purpose
Measure the noise of the drive axle assembly.
4.6.2 Test sample
Measurement direction
Measurement distance
Base noise
Measured value
Measured value
Average value
The commissioning unit shall provide samples that meet the requirements of the design drawings, take 3 samples, and attach necessary design and process data. The samples include the wheel side reduction part.
4.6.3 Test device
Speed change device that can realize forward and reverse rotation, precision sound level meter, etc. 4.6.4 Test conditions
There shall be no acoustic wave obstacles within 2m around the measuring point, and the height of the centerline of the sample's half-axle from the ground shall not be less than the tire radius; the measuring point position shall be determined according to the maximum external dimensions of the main reducer. When the maximum dimension is less than 200mm, the measuring point shall be 150mm above the surface of the main reducer housing on the vertical extension line of the centerline of the passive bevel gear. When the maximum dimension is less than 500nim, it shall be 300mm above the main reducer:
Load: plus no-load:
Speed: according to the maximum speed allowed for the drive axle assembly: Test oil temperature: according to the provisions of Article 5.2.4.4 of JB/T5929; the correction of the background noise shall be the same as Article 4.5.4e of this standard. Result processing
The same as Article 4.5.5 of this standard.
Test report
JB/T5928—91
After the test is completed, a test report should be written, and the content of the report includes the following items. 5.1 Foreword. Including the name, model and main technical data of the test piece, the year and month of manufacture, the name of the manufacturer, the test time and the test location. 5.2 Test purpose.
5.3 Specifications and models of test equipment and instruments. 5.4 Test preparation.
5.5 Test items and test methods.
5.6 Test results, including problems encountered during the test and their treatment, with test data, calculation results and test curves attached. 5.7
Test accuracy analysis.
Test conclusions and suggestions.
Additional notes:
This standard was proposed and managed by Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute. This standard was drafted by Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute. The main drafter of this standard is Du Yiyuan.
People's Republic of China
Mechanical Industry Standard
Engineering Machinery Drive Axle
Hand Bench Test Method
JB/T5928--91
Published and distributed by the Mechanical Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry (P.O. Box 8144, Beijing
Postal Code 100081)
No Reproduction
Copyright reserved
Printing Factory, Qinghe County, Hebei Province, White
Format 880×1230
Sheet 5/8
Number of Words 12000
First Printing in December 1991
First Edition in December 1991
Print Quantity 00.001--500
Price 1.00 Yuan
No. 0491
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