GB 30000.28-2013 Chemical Classification and Labelling Specification Part 28: Hazards to the Aquatic Environment GB30000.28-2013 |tt||Standard compression package decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This part of GB30000 specifies the terms and definitions, classification criteria, decision logic and labeling of chemicals that are hazardous to the aquatic environment. This part applies to the classification and labeling of chemicals that are hazardous to the aquatic environment in accordance with the United Nations "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals" (4th revised edition).
Chapter 4 and Chapter 6 of this part are mandatory, and the rest are recommended.
The expected structure of GB30000 "Specifications for Classification and Labelling of Chemicals" and the national standards to be replaced are:
———Part 1: General (replaces GB13690-2009);
———Part 2: Explosives (replaces GB20576-2006);
———Part 3: Flammable gases (replaces GB20577-2006);
———Part 4: Aerosols (replaces GB20578-2006);
———Part 5: Oxidizing gases (replaces GB20579-2006);
———Part 6: Gases under pressure (replaces GB20580-2006);
———Part 7: Flammable liquids (replaces GB20581-2006);
———Part 8: Flammable solids (replaces GB 20582-2006);
———Part 9: Self-reactive substances and mixtures (replaces GB 20583-2006);
———Part 10: Pyrophoric liquids (replaces GB 20585-2006);
———Part 11: Pyrophoric solids (replaces GB 20586-2006);
———Part 12: Self-heating substances and mixtures (replaces GB 20584-2006);
———Part 13: Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases (replaces GB 20587-2006);
———Part 14: Oxidizing liquids (replaces GB 20589-2006);
——Part 15: Oxidizing solids (replaces GB 20590-2006);
——Part 16: Organic peroxides (replaces GB 20591-2006);
——Part 17: Corrosive to metals (replaces GB 20588-2006);
——Part 18: Acute toxicity (replaces GB 20592-2006);
——Part 19: Skin corrosion/irritation (replaces GB 20593-2006);
——Part 20: Serious eye damage/eye irritation (replaces GB 20594-2006);
——Part 21: Respiratory or skin sensitization (replaces GB 20595-2006);
———Part 22: Germ cell mutagenicity (replaces GB 20596-2006);
———Part 23: Carcinogenicity (replaces GB 20597-2006);
———Part 24: Reproductive toxicity (replaces GB 20598-2006);
———Part 25: Specific target organ toxicity single exposure (replaces GB 20599-2006);
———Part 26: Specific target organ toxicity repeated exposure (replaces GB 20601-2006);
———Part 27: Aspiration hazard;
———Part 28: Hazard to the aquatic environment (replaces GB 20602-2006);
———Part 29: Hazard to the ozone layer;
——Part 30: Warning signs for chemical workplaces; This part
is Part 28 of GB 30000.
This part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB 20602-2006, Safety Specification for Classification, Warning Labels and Warning Statements of Chemicals Hazards to the Aquatic Environment.
This part is consistent with the relevant technical content of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) (Fourth Revised Edition).
Compared with GB 20602-2006, the main technical content changes of this part are as follows:
———The name of the standard has been modified. The Chinese name has been changed to "Rules for classification and labelling of chemicals—Part 28: Hazards to the aquatic environment", and
the English name is "Rules for classification and labelling of chemicals—Part 28: Hazardous to the aquatic environment";
———The scope of Chapter 1 has been modified, "Warning labels" has been changed to "labels", and "Warning statements" has been deleted;
———The "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals" in the original standard has been changed to "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals";
———The converted OECD guidelines in the normative references in Chapter 2 have been changed to the corresponding national standards;
———The introductory words of Chapter 3 "Terms and Definitions" have been added;
———Modified the expressions of some terms and definitions, and changed "bioconcentration" to "bioaccumulation";
———Added the definitions of "acute (short-term) hazard" and "long-term hazard";
———Deleted "LD50" and added the symbol "ECx";
———Deleted the abbreviations "OECD" and "WS";
———Adjusted the contents of 3.4~3.8 in the original standard to 4.1;
———Adjusted the order of some items in Chapter 4 "Classification Criteria";
———Modified the contents of the header of Table 1, and changed "Classification" to "Classification Criteria";
———Added "Figure 1 Classification Procedure for Substances Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment for a Long Time";
———In “Classification of mixtures when data of all components of the mixture are available or only some components are available”, the summation formula of “aquatic chronic toxicity” was added;
———Some statements of “decision logic” were modified, and the decision logic flow chart was included as Appendix A.
———The “configuration of classification and label elements” in the original standard was modified, and included in Appendix B in the form of an informative appendix in this part;
———The “classification and label summary table” in the original standard was modified, “name” was changed to “signal word”, “hazard statement” was changed to “hazard statement”, and they were included as normative Appendix C;
———The entire content of the original Chapter 8 was deleted, and it was modified to the relevant content of “hazard statements and precautionary statements”, and the relevant content was included as informative Appendix D, and the original Chapters 6, 7 and 8 were integrated into Chapter 6;
———Appendix E “Examples of labels for hazards to the aquatic environment” was added.
This part is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Hazardous Chemicals Management (SAC/TC251).
The drafting units of this part: Shandong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China, Chemical Registration Center of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, China Chemical Information Center.
The main drafters of this part: Zhang Shaoyan, Lu Ling, Feng Zhenzhen, Mao Yan, Lu Jian, Ge Haihong, Tao Qiang, Yu Xiangyi, Yu Xiao, Du Gang, Ge Xiaojun.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB13690 General Rules for Classification and Hazard Communication of Chemicals
GB/T21800 Flow-through fish test for bioaccumulation of chemicals
GB/T21801 Respirometric test for rapid biodegradability of chemicals
GB/T21802 Modified MITI test for rapid biodegradability of chemicals (I)
GB/T21803 DOC reduction test for rapid biodegradability of chemicals
GB/T21805 Algal growth inhibition test for chemicals
GB/T21815.1 Shake flask test for biodegradability of chemicals in seawater
GB/T21828 Daphnia magna reproduction test for chemicals
GB/T21830 Daphnia acute activity inhibition test for chemicals
GB/T21831 Ready biodegradability of chemicals: Closed bottle test
GB/T21852 Partition coefficient of chemicals (n-octanol-water) HPLC test
GB/T21853 Partition coefficient of chemicals (n-octanol-water) shake flask test
GB/T21854 Toxicity test for early life stages of chemicals in fish
GB/T21856 Carbon dioxide production test for ready biodegradability of chemicals
GB/T21857 Improved OECD screening test for ready biodegradability of chemicals
GB/T21858 Semi-static fish test for bioaccumulation of chemicals
GB/T27850 General rule for ready biodegradability of chemicals
GB/T27861 Chemical fish acute toxicity test
United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) (4th revised edition)
United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations (17th revised edition)

ICS13.300
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB30000.28—2013
Replaces GB20602—2006
Rules for classification and labelling of chemicals-Part 28.Hazardous to the aquatic environment2013-10-10 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China
2014-11-01 Implementation
Chapter 4 and Chapter 6 of this part are mandatory, and the rest are recommended. The expected structure of GB30000 "Chemical Classification and Labeling Specification" and the national standards to be replaced are: Part 1: General (replaces GB136902009); Part 2: Explosives (replaces GB20576-2006); Part 3: Flammable gases (replaces GB20577-2006); Part 4: Aerosols (replaces GB205782006); Part 5: Oxidizing Part 6: Gases under pressure (replaces GB 20580-2006); Part 7: Flammable liquids (replaces GB 20581-2006); Part 8: Flammable solids (replaces GB 20582-2006); Part 9: Self-reactive substances and mixtures (replaces GB 20583-2006); Part 10: Pyrophoric liquids (replaces GB 20585-2006); Part 11: Pyrophoric solids (replaces GB 20586-2006); Part 12: Incandescent substances and mixtures (replaces GB 20584-2006); Part 13: Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases (replaces GB 20587-2006); 6); Part 14: Oxidizing Liquids (Replaces GB20589-2006); Part 15: Oxidizing Solids (Replaces GB20590-2006); Part 16: Organic Peroxides (Replaces GB20591-2006); Part 17: Metal Corrosives (Replaces GB20588-2006); Part 18: Acute Toxicity (Replaces GB20592-2006); Part 19: Skin Corrosion/Irritation (Replaces GB20593-2006); Part 20: Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation (Replaces GB20594-2006); Part 21: Respiratory or Skin Sensitization (Replaces GB20595-2006); Part 22: Germ Cell Mutagenicity Denaturation (replaces GB20596-2006): Part 23: Carcinogenicity (replaces GB20597-2006): Part 24: Reproductive toxicity (replaces GB20598-2006); Part 25: Specific target organ toxicity: single exposure (replaces GB20599-2006); Part 26: Specific target organ toxicity repeated exposure (replaces GB20601-2006): Part 27: Inhalation hazard;
Part 28: Hazards to the aquatic environment (replaces GB20602-2006); Part 29: Hazards to the ozone layer;
Part 30: Warning signs for chemical workplaces; This part is Part 28 of GB30000.
This part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. GB30000.28-2013
This part replaces GB20602-2006. Safety rules for classification, precautionary labelling and precautionary statements of chemicals - Hazards to the aquatic environment
This part is consistent with the technical content of the United Nations "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals" (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, GHS) (Fourth Revised Edition). Compared with GB20602-2006, the main technical content changes of this part are as follows: The standard name has been modified. The Chinese name has been changed to "Rules for classification and labelling of chemicals Part 28: Hazardous to the aquatic environment", and the English name is "Rules for classification and labelling of chemicals Part 28: Hazardous to the aquatic environment" environment\
Modified the scope of Chapter 1, changed "warning label" to "label", deleted "warning statement": changed the "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals" in the original standard to "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals": changed the converted OED guidelines in the normative documents of Chapter 2 to the corresponding national standards: added the introduction of Chapter 3 "Terms and Definitions"; modified the expression of some terms and definitions, and changed "bioconcentration" to "bioaccumulation"; added the definitions of "acute (short-term) hazard" and "long-term hazard"; deleted "LD" and added the "EC" symbol; deleted the abbreviations "OECD\ and WS"; adjusted the contents of 3.4~3.8 in the original standard to 4.1; adjusted the order of some items in Chapter 4 "Classification Criteria"; modified the header of Table 1, changed "Classification" to "Classification Criteria"; added "Figure 1 Classification Procedure for Substances Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment for a Long Time", and added "Figure 1 Classification Procedure for Substances Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment for a Long Time" in " The addition formula of "aquatic chronic toxicity" was added to "Classification of mixtures when all component data or only some component data are available";
Modified some statements of "decision logic", and included the decision logic flow chart as Appendix A. Modified some contents of "configuration of classification and label elements" in the original standard, and listed them in Appendix B in the form of informative appendix in this part:
Modified some contents of "classification and label summary table" in the original standard, changed "name" to "signal word", and "hazard statement" to "hazard statement", and included them together as normative Appendix C; deleted the entire content of the original Chapter 8, modified it to the relevant content of "hazard statements and precautionary statements", included the relevant content as informative Appendix D, and integrated the original Chapters 6, 7 and 8 into Chapter 6; Added Appendix E "Examples of labels for hazards to the aquatic environment" This part was proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Hazardous Chemicals Management (SAC/TC251). Drafting organizations of this part: Shandong Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China, Chemical Registration Center of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, China Chemical Information Center
Main drafters of this part: Zhang Shaoyan, Lu Ling, Feng Zhenzhen, Mao Yan, Lu Jian, Ge Haihong, Tao Qiang, Yu Xiangyi, Yu Xiao, Du Gang, Ge Xiaojun, 1 Scope
Chemical classification and labeling specifications
Part 28: Hazards to the aquatic environment
GB30000.28-—2013
This part of GB300C0 specifies the terms and definitions, classification criteria, decision logic and labeling of chemicals that are hazardous to the aquatic environment.
This part applies to the classification and labeling of chemicals that are hazardous to the aquatic environment in accordance with the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (Fourth Revised Edition) (hereinafter referred to as GHS). 2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB13690
General Rules for Classification and Hazard Communication of Chemicals
GB/T21800
GB/T21801
GB/T21802
GB/T21803
GB/T21805
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
GB/T 21815.1
GB/T21828
GB/T21830
GB/T21831
GB/T 21852
GB/T21853
GB/T21854
GB/T21856
GB/T 21857
GB/T21858
GB/T27850
GB/T27861
Biological accumulation flow-through fish test
Rapid biodegradability respirometry Test Ready biodegradability
Modified MITI test (I
Ready biodegradability
DOC reduction test
Algae growth inhibition test
Chemicals| |tt||Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
Biodegradation in seawater
Shake flask test|| tt||Large-scale reproduction test
Acute activity inhibition test
Ready biodegradability: Closed bottle test Partition coefficient (n-octanol-water) HPLC test Partition coefficient (n-octanol-water) Alcohol-water shake flask test Fish early life stage toxicity test
Ready biodegradability
Carbon dioxide production test
Ready biodegradability Modified OECD screening test Bioaccumulation semi-precipitation test Static fish test||t t||General Principle for Rapid Biodegradability
Acute Toxicity Test for Fish
United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) (Fourth Revised Edition) United Nations Guidelines on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Recommendation Model Regulations (Seventeenth Revised Edition) 3 Terms and definitions, abbreviations, symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
GB13690 defines and the following terms and definitions apply to this document. GB30000. 28-—2013
Acute aquatic toxicityacuteaquatietoxicity can cause harm to organisms that come into contact with the substance in water for a short period of time. 3.1.2
Acute (short-term) hazard Acute toxicity of chemicals causes harm to aquatic organisms exposed to water for a short period of time. 3.1.3
Availability
availability
The degree to which a substance becomes a soluble or decomposable species. Metal availability refers to the degree to which the metal ion portion of a metal (M) compound can be decomposed from the rest of the compound (molecule). 3.1.4
bioavailabilitybiological availability
bioaveilabilitybiological availability The degree to which a substance is absorbed by organisms and distributed in a certain area in the body. 3.1.5 Bioaccumulation of substances via all routes of exposure (bioaccumulation, bioconcentration, air, water, sediment The net result of absorption, transformation and excretion of a substance by organisms through waterborne contact. 3.1.7 Chronic aquatic toxicity tovieitybzxZ.net
The property of causing harmful effects on organisms exposed to the substance in water.
Complex mixtures
Multicomponent substances
complemixtures
multi -component substances
complex substances complexsulistances
contact time is determined according to the life cycle of the object. The substance itself is a complex mixture of individual substances with different solubility and physicochemical properties. In most cases , they can be described as homologous substances with a specific range of carbon chain lengths/number of substitutions. 3.1.9
degradation
Degradation of organic molecules into smaller molecules and finally into carbon dioxide, water and Salts. 3.1.10
Long-term hazard
The hazard caused by the chronic toxicity of chemicals to aquatic organisms exposed to water for a long time. 3.1.11
No observable effect concentration noobservedeffectconcentration; NOEC test concentration is just below the lowest measured concentration that produces statistically significant adverse effects. NOEC does not produce statistically significant adverse effects that should be regulated.
3.2 Abbreviations| |tt||The following abbreviations apply to this document.
BCF: Bioconcentration Factor BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand GB30000.28—2013| |tt||QSAR/QSARs: Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship/Quantitative Structure-activity Relationships 3.3 Symbols
The following symbols apply to this document
EC: 3% effect concentration
EC: median effective concentration ErCo: EC washing concentration based on the decrease in production efficiency LCsn: median effective concentration L(E)C0: L50 or LC5.
4 Classification standards
Basic elements
4.1.1 Basic elements used in this section
The basic elements used in this section are
Acute Aquatic toxicity:
-Chronic water toxicity
Possible or actual accumulation in organisms; (biological or abiotic) degradation of organic compounds. 4.1.2 Principles of data use
Data obtained using internationally harmonized test methods are preferred: data obtained using national equivalent test methods may also be used. In general, toxicity data for freshwater and marine species are considered equivalent: data obtained using Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) methods are considered equivalent. The principles for classification are derived from OECD test guidelines or equivalent test guidelines. If such data are not available, the best quality data available should be used for classification.
4.1.3 Acute aquatic toxicity
Acute aquatic toxicity is generally measured using the 96hLCs for fish (GB/T27861 or equivalent test criteria), the 48hECse for crustaceans (GB/T21830 or equivalent test criteria) and/or Or algae 72h or 96h EC% (GB/T21805 or equivalent test guidelines). These species are considered to be representative of all aquatic organisms, and data from other species (such as duckweed) may also be considered if the test method is appropriate. 4.1.4 Chronic aquatic toxicity
Use NOFC or other equivalent EC data according to GB/T21854 (toxicity test for early life stages of fish), GB/T218283
TKAoNTKAca-
Data generated by GB30000.28—2013
(Large culvert propagation test) and GB/T21805 (Algae growth inhibition test) are acceptable. Other proven and internationally recognized test data may also be used. 4.1.5 Bioaccumulation Potential
Bioaccumulation potential is usually determined by the n-octanol/water partition coefficient, usually using the 1gK determined by GB/T21853 or GB/T21852. However, if the experimentally determined bioaccumulation coefficient is available, If the bioconcentration factor (BCF) is used, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) should be used first. The bioconcentration factor should be determined according to GB/T21800 or GB/T21858. 4.1.6 Rapid biodegradability
4.1.6.1 Environmental degradation may be biological or non-biological (e.g. hydrolysis), see 4.2.10.3. Rapid biodegradation can be carried out according to the rapid biodegradability test (GB /T21801~21803.GB/T21831, GB/T21856~21857, GB/T27850) define the passing level in these tests as an indicator of rapid degradation in most environments. Since these tests are freshwater tests, the results of GB/T21815.1, which is more suitable for marine environments, should also be included. If these data are not available, a BOD(5d)/COD ratio of not less than 0.5 can also be used as an indicator of rapid degradation.
4.1.6.2 Abiotic degradation such as hydrolysis, abiotic and biotic primary degradation, degradation in non-aqueous media, and proven rapid degradation in the environment can all be considered when defining rapid degradability, see the relevant provisions of Annex 9 of GHS. 4.2 Classification criteria for substances
4.2.1 The classification criteria for substances consist of three acute classification categories and four chronic classification categories (the core part of GHS consists of three acute classification categories and three chronic classification categories, see Table 1). Acute and chronic categories are used separately. The criteria for classifying substances into categories Acute 1 to 3 are based on acute toxicity data (EC or LC) only. The criteria for classifying substances into categories Chronic 1 to 3 use a hierarchical approach, the first step being to see whether the available data on chronic toxicity allow for classification for long-term hazard. If there are insufficient data for classification for chronic toxicity, the next step is to combine the two types of information, acute toxicity information and environmental fate data (degradability and bioaccumulation data). 4.2.2 Chronic 4, or the "safety net" classification, is used when the available data do not allow classification based on the formal criteria, but there are still some reasons for concern. For example, for substances with very poor water solubility without demonstrated toxicity, classification may be possible if the substance is not rapidly degradable and has a potential to bioaccumulate. For such poorly soluble substances, it may not be possible to make an adequate assessment of toxicity in short-term tests due to the low exposure levels and the potential for slow uptake by organisms. If it is demonstrated that the substance does not require classification for long-term aquatic hazard, the need for classification is eliminated.
4.2.3 Substances with acute toxicity significantly lower than 1 mg/L or chronic toxicity significantly lower than 0.1 mg/L (if not rapidly degradable) and 0.01 mg/L (if rapidly degradable) as components of a mixture can still increase the toxicity of the mixture even at low concentrations and should be given a higher weight when the addition method is used.
4.2.4 Classification of substances
4.2.4.1 Classification criteria for substances hazardous to the aquatic environment The classification criteria for substances hazardous to the aquatic environment are shown in Table 1. a) Acute (short-term) aquatic hazards (i) Substances that cannot be rapidly degraded, sufficient chronic toxicity data are available h) Long-term aquatic hazards (see Figure 1) (ii) Substances that can be rapidly degraded, sufficient chronic toxicity data are available Table 1 Hazards to aquatic Classification criteria for environmental substances Category
96hLCs (fish) 1mg/L and/or
48hEC (crustaceans) ≤1mg/L and/or 72 or 96hErCe (algae or other aquatic plants) ≤1mg/LGB30000.28-—2013
Some management systems may subdivide acute category 1 to include a lower range L(E)C0.1mg/L Category 2| |tt||96hLCs (fish)>】mg/L and ≤10mg/L and/or 48hECsc (crustacea)>1mg/L and <≤10mg/1. and/or 72 or 96hErCm (algae or other aquatic plants)>1mg/L and 10mg/LCategory 3
96hLCse (hornworms)10mg/L and ≤100mg/L and/or 48hECe (nanocarps)>10 mg/L and ≤100mg/L and/or 72h or 96hFrCa (algae or other aquatic plants)>10mg/L and 100mg/L Some management systems may extend this range by introducing another category L(E)C100mg/L category
Chronic NOEC or EC (fish) ≤0.1mg/L and/or Chronic NOEC or EC, (crustacea) ≤0.1mg/L and/or Chronic NOEC or EC OEC or EC (nests or other aquatic plants) 0.1mg/I Category 2
Chronic NOEC or EC (fish) ≤1mg/L and/or Chronic NOEC or EC (crustacea) 1mg/L and/or Chronic NOEC or EC. (algae or other aquatic plants) ≤1mg/L Category 1
Chronic NOEC or EC (fish) ≤0.01mg/L and/or Chronic NOEC or EC, (crustacea) ≤0.01mg/1 and/or Chronic NOEC or EC (algae or other aquatic plants) ≤0.01mg/L Category 2
Chronic NOEC or EC (fish) ≤0.1mg/L and/or Chronic NOEC or EC, (crustacea) ≤0.1mg/L and/or Chronic NOEC or EC (algae or other aquatic plants) 0.1mg/I. Category 3
Chronic NOEC or FC, ( Fish) 1 mg/L and/or chronic toxicity NOEC or EC. Crustacea) ≤ 1 mg/L and/or chronic toxicity NOEC or EC. Algae or other aquatic plants) 1 mg/ITKAONTKAca-
GB30000.28-—2013
(Lan) Not yet available
b) Long-term aquatic hazard
(see Figure 1)
have a full grasp of chronic
toxic materials
“Safety Net” classification
Table 1 (continued)
96h[C (fish) ≤1mg/L and/or
48hECs (crustacea) ≤1mg/L and/or 72h or 96hErCg (algae or other aquatic plants) 1mg/L and the substance is not rapidly degradable, and/or experimentally determined BCF500 (in the absence of experimental results, IgKw4e
category.
96hLCsa (fish) mg/day <10mg/L or 48hEC5 (crustacea)>1mg/1.H10mg/L and/or 72h or 96hErC ​​(algae or other aquatic plants) mg/L10mg/L and the substance is not rapidly degradable, and/or the experimentally determined BC5000 is in the absence of test results, IgKw4d.
Category sound
(crustacea
or 96b
algae or
the substance is not rapidly degradable, and
100% biodegradable
100% and/or
aquatic plants
Experimentally determined
1 to 1mgL
≥500 (In the absence of experimental results, the chronic category
For substances that are not easily decomposed, if no acute toxicity is shown below the water level, and they are not rapidly degradable, RK
is this category, unless there is other scientific evidence that classification is not required. This evidence includes experimentally determined BCF1mg/L, or rapid degradation in the environment
00, or chronic toxicity NOECs
Fish, crustaceans and taxa are tested as alternative species, and the tests include a range of trophic levels and categories, and the test methods Highly standardized. Other biomass quantities may be used provided they are equivalent species and test endpoints. 6 When categorizing substances for acute category 1 and/or chronic category (Table 5)
, indicate appropriate magnification factors (M factors, see If algal toxicity ErCe [=ECs (growth rate)] falls below 100 times the level of less sensitive species and results in classification based on this effect alone, consider whether this toxicity represents a marketable risk to aquatic plants. If this can be demonstrated not to be the case, professional judgement should be used to determine whether classification should be applied. Classification should be based on ErCs. In cases where no EC reference is specified and no ErCs are recorded, 3, classification should be based on the lowest available ECo
The basis for determining that it is not rapidly degradable is that the substance itself is not biodegradable, or there is other evidence that it is not rapidly degradable. In the absence of meaningful degradability data, whether experimentally determined or estimated, the substance should be considered to be not rapidly degradable. The bioconcentration potential is based on an experimentally obtained BCF ≥ 500, or, if this value is not available, on IgKaw4, but the premise is IgK. It is an appropriate descriptive indicator of the bioconcentration potential of a substance. BCF measured values ​​take precedence over IgKw values. IgK, measured values ​​take precedence over estimated values. 4.2.4.2 Classification scheme for substances hazardous to the aquatic environment GB30000.28—2013
Substances classified according to the criteria listed in Table 1 can be classified as "hazardous to the aquatic environment". The substance classification procedure is shown in Figure 1. These principles explain the classification categories in detail.
Whether there is sufficient chronic toxicity information for all three trophic levels
Whether there is sufficient chronic toxicity information for one or more trophic levels
Whether there is sufficient acute toxicity information
Based on rapid degradability data
Classify according to Table 1b) (-) or (ii)
Assessment:
a) Based on the relevant rapid degradability Rapid degradability data, numerical table 1b)) or table 1b) (ii) classification, and sufficient acute toxicity data for other non-nutrient levels, connected to table 16 and classified according to the most stringent results, create standard scores, limit values, and international standard classification in table 16. Classification procedures for substances that are long-term hazards to the aquatic environment 4.2.5 Confirmation of the classification system: The core inherent hazards to aquatic organisms are manifested in the acute and chronic toxicity of substances. A distinction can be made between acute hazards and long-term hazards. Therefore, different hazard categories have been identified for these two properties, which represent the hierarchy of established hazard levels. The toxicity values ​​between and among different trophic levels that have been known are usually taken as the lowest to determine the appropriate hazard category. However, in some cases a weight of evidence approach may be used. 4.2.6 Acute toxicity is the key property in determining short-term hazards: the transport of large quantities of a substance may cause short-term hazards due to accidents or serious spills. Therefore, hazard categories are defined with L(E)C values ​​up to 100 mg/L. 4.2.7 For substances in packaged form, the main hazard is determined by chronic toxicity, although acute toxicity values ​​up to L(E)C of 1 mg/L are also considered to be hazardous. After normal use and handling, concentrations of the substance in the aquatic environment of 1 mg/L are considered possible. At toxicity values ​​above this, acute toxicity alone does not indicate the main hazard caused by lower concentrations that cause effects over a longer period of time. Therefore, many hazard categories are defined based on chronic toxicity. Aquatic toxicity level. However, many substances do not have chronic toxicity data, and known acute toxicity data should be used in combination with the inherent properties of lack of rapid degradability and/or bioaccumulation potential to confirm whether the substance is classified as a long-term hazard. If the chronic toxicity data available show that NOECs are greater than water solubility or greater than 1 mg/L, it means that there is no need to classify the long-term hazard category 1 to category 3. Similarly, for substances with L(E)Cs greater than 100 mg/1., it is considered that the toxicity is not enough and there is no need to classify. 4.2.8 Aquatic toxicity
4.2.8.1 Organisms such as fish, crustaceans and algae are tested as surrogate species, covering a range of trophic levels and categories, and the test methods are highly standardized. Of course, other biological data can also be used, but only if they are equivalent species and test endpoint indicators. The algae growth inhibition test is a chronic test, but the EC is used as an acute value for classification. This EC should generally be based on growth rate inhibition. If only an ECso based on biomass reduction is available, or if no indication is given as to which EC is being reported, this value may be used in the same manner.
4.2.8.2 The aquatic toxicity test itself involves dissolving the test substance in the aqueous medium used and maintaining a constant biologically effective exposure concentration during the test. Some substances are difficult to test according to standard procedures. For the interpretation of data for these substances and how to use the data when applying the classification criteria, see Annex 9 and Annex 10 of the GHS.4.2.9 Bioaccumulation
Even at very low concentrations in actual water, the bioaccumulation of substances in aquatic organisms may produce toxic effects over a longer period of time. The bioconcentration potential is determined by the partition between n-octanol and water. Use a cut-off value of 1gK. Not less than 4, intended to identify substances with actual bioconcentration potential. Since IgK is only an inadequate substitute for the BCF determination, the BCF determination should always be used in preference. A fish BCF of less than 500 can be considered an indicator of low bioconcentration levels. 4.2.10 Rapid Degradability
4.2.10.1 Rapidly degradable substances are removed from the environment very quickly and when effects occur, particularly in the case of a spill or accident, they will only be localized and of short duration. Failure to degrade rapidly in the environment means that the substance in water has the potential to be toxic over a wide range of time and space. One way to demonstrate rapid degradation is to use biodegradation screening tests designed to determine whether a substance is "readily degradable". Substances that pass the screening tests are those that are likely to degrade "rapidly" in the aquatic environment and therefore may not persist. However, if they do not pass the screening tests, another principle has been added that allows the use of data to determine that the substance is not rapidly degradable in the environment. Substances are indeed more than 70% biodegradable or abiotically degradable in the aquatic environment in 28 days. Therefore, if degradation can be demonstrated under realistic environmental conditions, then the definition of "rapid degradability" is met. Much of the available degradation data is in the form of degradation half-lives, which can also be used to define rapid degradation. Some tests measure the ultimate biodegradation of a substance, i.e. to complete mineralization or rapid degradability, unless it can be demonstrated that the substance is rapidly degradable in the aquatic environment. 4.2.10.2 ||tt| ... In this case, and when there is sufficient justification, the 10-day window requirement can be waived and the 28-day pass level applied, see GHS Annex 9
In the case of only BOD and COD data, if the ratio of BOD5d)/COD is not less than 0.5: or b
if other convincing scientific evidence demonstrates that the substance is degradable (biotically and/or abiotically) to a level greater than 70% in the aquatic environment within 28 days.
4.2.11 Inorganic compounds and metals
4.2.11.1 The classification criteria and requirements for inorganic compounds and metals are shown in GHS Annex 9. 4.2.11.2 Poorly soluble inorganic compounds and metals may produce acute or chronic toxicity in the aquatic environment, depending on the inherent toxicity of the bioavailable inorganic form and the rate and amount of this form that may enter the solution, see GHS Annex 10. 4.2.12 Use of quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) It is best to use experimental test data obtained from experiments. If there are no experimental data, then valid aquatic toxicity quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) and IgK can be used in the classification process. However, it is limited to chemicals whose mode of action and applicability are well characterized. Valid QSARs can be used without modifying the agreed criteria. Within the “safety net”, reliable calculated toxicity and IgK values ​​should be valuable. QSARs for predicting rapid biodegradation are not yet accurate enough and cannot be used to predict rapid degradation: 4.2.13 Simplified diagram of substance classification criteria
See Table 2 for a diagram of the classification of substances hazardous to the aquatic environment. Table 2 Illustration of the classification of substances hazardous to the aquatic environment Classification category
Acute hazard
Category, Acute 1
L(E)C1.00
Category: Acute 2
1.00LCE)C10.0
Category: Acute 3
10.0L(E)C100
Long-term hazard
Adequate chronic toxicity data
Substances that are not rapidly degradable
Category: Chronic 1
NOEC or EC, 0.1
Category: Chronic 2
Category: Chronic 4#
Example:
Substances that can be rapidly degraded
Category: Chronic 1
NOEC or EC, 0.01
Category: Chronic 2
or EC,0.1
Category: Chronic 3
GB30000.28—2013
No sufficient chronic toxicity data
Category: Chronic 1
L(E)Cs1.00 and lack of rapid degradation ability and/or BCF more than 500, or if no such value, IgK4
Category: Chronic 2
1.001 mg/L
Acute toxicity ranges based on L(E)Cs. values ​​(in m/L) for fish, crustacea, and/or algae or other aquatic plants or, if no test data are available, on quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) estimates]. Substances are classified for different chronic toxicity levels unless adequate chronic toxicity data are available for all three trophic levels, above water solubility or 1 mg/L ["adequate" means that the data adequately cover the relevant endpoints. In general, this means measured test data, but in order to avoid unnecessary testing, estimated data may be used in specific cases, such as (Q)SAR, or in obvious cases: relying on expert judgement. Chronic toxicity categories are based on NOEC or equivalent EC values ​​(in mg/L) for fish or crustacea, or other recognized chronic toxicity criteria. This section also introduces a "safety net" classification (called chronic category 4) for use when the available data do not allow classification according to the formal criteria but there is still some reason for concern. This category applies to poorly soluble substances that do not show acute toxicity at water solubility, are not rapidly degradable, and show a potential to bioconcentrate, unless it can be demonstrated that the substance does not need to be classified for long-term aquatic hazard. rKANTKAca
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