This standard specifies the basic terms for heat pipes and heat pipe technology. This standard applies to the fields of science, technology, products, etc. related to heat pipes. GB/T 14811-1993 Heat pipe terminology GB/T14811-1993 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Heat pipe terminology
Heat pipe terminology
1 Main issue content and scope of application
This standard specifies the basic technical spectrum of heat pipes and heat pipe technology. This standard applies to the fields of science, technology, products and other fields related to heat pipes. 2 Heat storage structure
2.1 Heat pipe heat pipe
GB/T 14811-93
Suction with capillary structure The evaporation and condensation heat transfer elements used to drive the circulating flow of the working medium (referred to as the working fluid): 2.1.1 High temperature heat pipe High temperature heat pipe A heat pipe with an operating temperature above 750 K. 2.1.2 Medium temperature heat pipe is a heat pipe with a temperature of 550 to 750 K. 2. 1.3 Law temperature heat pipe is a heat pipe with an operating temperature of 200~550K.
2. 1.4 Cryogenic heat pipe: a heat pipe with an operating temperature below 200 K.
2.2 Yingyao container
The heat pipe housing that contains the tube core and working fluid.
2.3T working fluid
The fluid used to transfer heat in the heat pipe.
2.4 Core wick
The structure in the heat pipe that provides capillary suction force and flow channel for the liquid working fluid (referred to as the quilt). Synonyms: capillary wick capillarywrick2.4.1 screen wick
A tube core composed of wire mesh.
longitudinalgroovewick2.4.2
The core consists of the longitudinal groove on the inner wall of the tube shell. 2.4.3 Circumferential groove tube core circumferential graove wick is a tube core composed of circumferential grooves on the inner wall of the tube shell. 2.4.4 Sintered core sinteredwick
A tube core composed of porous material sintered on the inner wall of the tube shell. The combined core cumpositewick
is a core composed of two parts: a capillary structure that provides suction force and a liquid flow channel. 2.4.6 Plate type + core flat plate artery wick National Technical Supervision Bureau approved on 1993-12-30 and implemented on 1994-08-01
GB/T 14811-93
The tube core consists of a plate channel compounded with a multi-layer wire mesh and a channel. 2.4.7 F | The tube core is composed of a circumferential channel on the inner wall of the tube shell, a channel surrounded by a spiral mesh sandwich in the center of the tube, and connecting spokes. 2.4.9 Tunnel artery wick is a tube core composed of a circumferential channel on the inner wall of the camp shell, a channel surrounded by concentric network tubes in the center of the tube, and connecting spokes. 2. 4. 10 mesh cover groove tube core channels covered with screen The axial fine channel tube core whose surface is covered with fine wire mesh. 2.5 Evaporation section evaparator
The area where the working medium of the heat pipe is heated and vaporized.
2.6 Condensation section condenser
The upper mass heat dissipation and condensation area of ​​the heat pipe.
adiabatic section
The area between the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe that does not exchange heat with the outside world. 2.8
filling tube
A thin tube that discharges the air in the heat pipe and injects L quality. 2.9 Liquid inventory liquid inventory
The quality of the working fluid injected into the heat pipe.
2.10 Non-condensable gas Non-condensable gas is a gas that does not condense within the operating temperature and pressure range of the heat pipe. 2. 11 Effective length effective length calculates the reduced length of the heat transfer capacity of the heat pipe. For a heat pipe with uniform heating in the evaporation section and uniform cooling in the condensation section, the effective length is the distance from the midpoint of the evaporation section to the midpoint of the condensation section. 3 Heat pipe energy
3. 1 Capillary suction force capillary putnping fore During the evaporation and condensation process of the working medium, the difference in static pressure formed by the different curvatures of the liquid meniscus in the tube cores of the evaporation section and the condensation section.
Maximum capillary headmaximum capillary head3.2
The capillary suction force when the curvature radius of the liquid meniscus in the evaporation section is the smallest and the curvature radius of the liquid meniscus in the condensation section is the largest. 3.3 Operating temperature is the temperature of the working fluid vapor when the heat pipe is operating.
3.4 ​​Operating temperature range operatingtemperaturerange The operating temperature range of the heat pipe is determined by the performance of the working medium, shell and core materials and the requirements for safe operation. 3.5
operating state
A state that can continuously maintain the evaporation and condensation cycle process of the heat pipe working fluid and have a certain temperature uniformity. Steadyoperatingstate3.6
The working state in which the temperature of the heat pipe does not change with time. 3.7 Maximum heat transfer rate The maximum heat flow that the heat pipe can transfer at the set operating temperature. 3.8 Maximum hcat transfer capability is the product of the effective length of the heat pipe and the maximum heat transfer capacity. GB/T14811—93
Synonyms: heat transfer capability factor heatIransfercapabilityfactor3.9 heat pipe startup heat pipestartup is the process from when the heat pipe starts to be heated until it enters the next operating state. 3.10 Axial heat flow density axialheal[lux is the heat flow per unit area through the inner cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the heat pipe. 3.11 Radial heat flux density radial healflux is the heat flow along the diameter per unit area of ​​the inner surface of the heat pipe, 3.12 The heat transfer coefficient of the evaporation section heattransfercoefficientinevaporator is the heat flow under the unit temperature difference per unit area of ​​the evaporation section tube wall, see formula (1): h, = Q/(△t + Ac)
In the formula: ht evaporation section heat transfer coefficient, W/(m2.C): Q.—The heat flow rate transferred from the outer wall of the evaporation section to the working fluid vapor.WAt— The temperature difference between the outer wall of the evaporation section and the working fluid vapor, C: The inner surface area of ​​the evaporation section wall, m.
3.13 Condensation section heat transfer coefficient heattransfercoefficientincondenser The heat flow rate under unit temperature difference per unit area of ​​the condensation section pipe wall. See formula (2): ha = Q./(Ate * A.)
where: n—heat transfer coefficient of the condensation section, W/(m\·C); Q moves from the working fluid vapor to the condensation section The heat flow transferred by the outer wall surface, W: At—the temperature difference between the steam in the condensation section and the outer wall surface, A. ——The inner surface area of ​​the pipe wall in the condensation section, m. .(2)
3.14 Thermal resistance of evaporation thermal resistance of evaperato is the thermal resistance from the outer surface of the evaporation section to the working fluid vapor in the evaporation section. It includes the thermal resistance of the evaporation section tube wall, the thermal resistance of the evaporation section tube core and the vaporization thermal resistance of the secondary substance.
3.15 Thermal resistance of condensing section thermal resistance of conden5cr The thermal resistance from the working fluid vapor in the condensing section to the outer wall of the condensing section. Including the condensation thermal resistance of the working fluid vapor, the thermal resistance of the condensing section tube core and the condensing section tube wall thermal resistance.
3. 16 The total thermal resistance is the sum of the thermal resistances from the outside of the evaporation section to the outer wall of the condensation section. Including the thermal resistance of the evaporation section, the thermal resistance of the working fluid vapor flow and the thermal resistance of the condensation section.
3.17 total thermal conductivity The heat flow transferred by the heat pipe under unit temperature difference, its value is the reciprocal of the total thermal resistance. 3.18 Isothermicity
Under a certain heat load and operating temperature, the heat pipe presents the characteristic of uniform wall temperature. 3.19 Compatibility
The compatibility between the working fluid and the shell and core materials means that there will be no chemical reaction between them that is sufficient to destroy the working state of the heat pipe (such as corrosion or the production of non-condensable gases).
3.20 Heat pipe failure After the working state of the heat pipe is destroyed, the temperature difference along the axial direction of the wall is greater than the specified value. 3
3.21 Operating life
GB/T 14811-93
The working time of the heat pipe from the start of operation to failure. 3.22 Heat transfer limit The maximum heat transfer that a heat pipe can achieve under certain specific conditions. 3.22.1 Capillary limit
The heat flow rate when the flow resistance of the working fluid in the heat pipe is balanced with the maximum capillary pressure head. 3.22.2 Entrainment limit Heat flux when the wave body is carried back to the condensation section by the steam, resulting in local drying of the evaporation section of the heat pipe. 3.22.3 Boiling limit
Radial heat flux density when film boiling occurs in the evaporation section of the heat pipe. 3.22.4 Sonic limit
Heat flux of the heat pipe when the steam velocity at the outlet of the evaporation section reaches the local sound speed (Mach number equals 1). B Figure of merit of working fluid transmission 3.23
Combination of several physical parameters related to the transmission of liquid working fluid. See formula (3) N, = apihfe/μ
Wherein: N.—Quality factor of working fluid transmission, W/m\; Surface tension of liquid working fluid, N/m
Density of liquid working fluid, kg/m*,
h——Latent heat of vaporization of liquid working fluid, J/kgA——Dynamic viscosity of liquid working fluid, N·/m. 4 Special heat pipes
4.1 Gravity heat pipe gravity heat pipe
Heat pipe that relies on gravity to complete liquid return. Synonyms: two-phase closed thermosyphon twn-phase closed thermosyphon gravity assisted heat pipe gravity assisted heat pipe 4.2
Heat pipe that completes liquid return by gravity assisted core. 4.3 Anti-gravity heat pipe anti-gravity heat pipe A heat pipe that can make liquid return from the lower condensation section to the upper evaporation section due to gravity. 4.4 Separate type heat pipe Separate type heat pipe A heat transfer device with separated evaporation section and junction section, connected by steam pipe and liquid pipe. 4.5 Rotating heat pipe Rotating heat pipe A heat pipe that rotates around the pipe axis and uses centrifugal force to return liquid. 4.6 Ostmotic heat pipe Ostmotic heat pipe
A heat pipe that uses the osmotic pressure of the working fluid (solution) to drive the return of liquid. 4.7 Elertro-osmotic heat pipe Elertro-osmotic heat pipe A heat pipe that uses electroosmotic force to drive the return of liquid. 4.8 Electrodynamic heat pipe Electrodynamic heat pipe A heat pipe that uses electrodynamic force to drive the return of liquid. 4.9 Magnetohydrodynamic heat pipe Magnetohydrodynamic heat pipe A heat pipe that uses the action of a magnetic field to drive the return of liquid. (3)
4.10 Open loop heat pipe GB/T 14811—93
A heat pipe from which the working fluid vapor can be partially discharged during operation. 4.11 Two-component heat pipe Two-component heat pipe A heat pipe with two working fluids.
4.12 Electrical insulating heat pipe Electrical insulating heat pipe A heat pipe with an electrical insulator shell, core and working fluid. 4.13 Flat plate heat pipe Flat plate heat pipe A heat pipe with a flat shell.
4.14 Radial heat pipe Radial heat pipe A heat pipe with radial heat flow.
4.15 Controllable heat pipe A heat pipe whose heat flow direction and on/off can be controlled or whose temperature can be adjusted. 4.15.1 Heat pipe thermal switch Heat pipe Thermal switch A heat pipe with heat flow on/off function.
4.15.2 Thermal diode Thermal diode A heat pipe that can only transfer heat in one direction.
4. 15. 3 Cut-off energy The amount of heat required to switch a thermal diode from forward heat transfer to reverse blocking. 4.15.4 Cut-off time
The time required for a thermal diode to complete reverse blocking from forward heat transfer. 4.15.5 Variable conductance heat pipe (VCHP) A controllable heat pipe that can automatically adjust its thermal conductance to maintain its operating temperature when external conditions change. 4.15.6 Reservoir
A container used to store non-condensable gas in a controllable heat pipe. 4.15.7 Variable conductance heat pipe with cold reservoir A variable conductance heat pipe with a reservoir affected by the temperature of a heat sink. 4.15.8 Variable conductance heat pipe with hot reservoir A variable conductance heat pipe with a reservoir affected by the temperature of a heat source. 4.15.9 Mechanical feedback controlled variable conductance heat pipe A variable conductance heat pipe that adjusts the thermal conductivity by controlling the position of the non-condensable gas interface through mechanical feedback action. 4.15.10 Electrical feedback controlled variable conductance heat pipe Electrical feedback controlled variable conductance heat pipe The variable conductance heat pipe that adjusts the thermal conductivity by controlling the non-condensable gas interface position through the feedback signal of the electronic controller Plate core
Non-condensable gas
Filling amount
Filling pipe
Magnetohydrodynamic heat pipe
Heat transfer limit
Heat transfer capacity factor
Low-temperature heat pipe
Electro-osmotic heat pipe
Electrodynamic heat pipe
Electro-feedback controlled variable conductance heat pipe Variable heat conduction heat pipe
Electrically insulated heat pipe
Isothermality·
Boiling limit
Separate heat pipe
High temperature heat pipe
Working temperature
Working temperature range
Working state
Working life
Quality factor of working medium transmission
Mechanical feedback variable heat conduction heat pipe
Radial heat pipe
GB/T 14811—93
Appendix A
Chinese index
(supplement)
Radial heat flux
Adiabatic section
Controllable heat pipe
Variable thermal conductivity heat pipe
Open heat pipe
Two-phase closed thermosyphon
Variable thermal conductivity heat pipe in cold air storage chamber
Spiral core
Capillary suction force
Capillary limit·
Capillary core
Reverse gravity heat pipe
Condensation section
Heat transfer coefficient of condensation section
Thermal resistance of condensation section·
Flat plate heat pipe
Thermal diode
Heat pipe thermal switch
Startup of heat pipe
Heat pipe failure
Variable thermal conductivity heat pipe in heat storage chamber
Deep low temperature heat pipe
Sintered tube core
Tunnel trunk core
Sonic speed limit
Permeable heat pipe
Two-component heat pipe
Wire mesh tube core
Standardized working state
Network tube trunk core
Network cover groove tube core
Carrying limit·
Rotary heat pipe
Effective length
Evaporation section
adiabatic section | 1481193
Heat transfer coefficient of evaporation section
Thermal resistance of evaporation section
Medium temperature heat pipe
Gravity heat pipe
Gravity assisted heat pipe
Axial heat flux density
Circumferential groove core
Gas storage chamber
Longitudinal groove core
Total thermal conductance…
Total thermal resistance
Blocking time
Blocking energy
Combined core
Maximum heat transfer
Maximum heat transfer capacity…
Capillary head
Appendix B
English index
(supplement)
+**+* 4. 1
composite wick
condenser
container
controllable heat pipe
cryogenic heat Pipe
cut-off energy .*...
cut off tims
effectivelength
GB/T 14811—93
electrical feedback contralled variable ronductance heal pipeclici insulating heat pipeelectrodynamic heat pipe *.wwW.bzxz.Net
electro-osmotic heat pipe
cntrainment limit
evaporator
figure of merit of working fluid transmissionfilling tube.
flat plate artery wick
flat plate heat pipe
gravity assisted heat pipe
gravity hest pipe
heat pipe
heat pipe failure
heat pipe alart-up
heat pipe thermal switch
heat trensfer capability factorheat transfer coefficient in candenserheat transfer coefficient in evaporator *heat transfer linit
high temperature heat pipe ...1
isothermicity
liquid inventory
4. 15. 10
longitudinal groove wick | |tt | loop heat pipe
operating life
operating temperature
operating temperature rangeoperating state
osmotic heat pipe
pedestal arterywick
radiaf heat flux
radial heat pipe
reservoir
rotating heat pipe
screen wick
separate type heat pipe
sintered wick
sonic limit
spiral artery wick
steady operating state
thermal diode
thcrmal resistance of condenserthermal resistance of evaporator2.4.2
.3.22.4
total thermal conductance *
total thermal resistance ......GB/T14811-93
tunnel artery wick 2. 4g
two.component heat pipe .....two-phase clased thermosyphonvariable conductance heat pipeV
variable conductance heat pipe with cold reservoir+.++++
variable conductance heat pipe with hot reservoir ............ 4. 5.8W
working fluid
Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the 501 Design Department of the Fifth Institute of the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the Department of Thermal Energy of Zhejiang University. The drafters of this standard are Guo Shun, Cao Liming and Wu Cunzhen. 2.3
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