SY/T 6518-2001 Recommended practice for installing pumping unit protection devices
Some standard content:
TCS13.100
Registration No.: 9604—2001
Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard of the People's Republic of ChinaSY/T 6518-2001
Recommended practice for guarding of pumping units2001-09-24 Issued
National Economic and Trade Commission Quality Committee
2002-01-01 Implementation
SYAT 6518--2001
Types of pumping unit protective devices to be used
Items requiring protective devices
Requirements for protective devices
Equivalent safetyWww.bzxZ.net
Warning signs and color markings
Pumping unit brakes
Ladders and platforms
Appendix A (suggestive appendix)
Examples of protective devices
SYT 6518--2001
This standard is equivalent to the American Petroleum Institute APIRP11ER "Recommended Practice for Installing Pumping Unit Protective Devices" (1990 Edition). This standard is intended to provide reference and guidance for the design, manufacture and installation of oil well pumping unit protective devices. In the process of compiling this standard, according to the needs of the content, the "Introduction", "Policy Statement" and "Article 1.3" of the original standard were omitted. In order to facilitate checking, this standard is written in the format that corresponds to the original standard as much as possible. Appendix A of this standard is a suggestive appendix.
This standard is proposed and managed by the Petroleum Industry Safety Professional Standardization Technical Committee. The drafting unit of this standard: Shengli Petroleum Management Safety and Environmental Protection Department, the main drafters of this standard are Bi Minghao, Li Zhiyong, Dong Guoyong, Wang Dengwen, Wu Sujiang, Zhou Zhenjie, and Wang Lian1.
1.1 Purpose
Recommended practice for guarding of punping units in the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry of the People's Republic of China Reconomeaded practice for guarding of punping unitsSY/T 6518—2001
This standard provides reference and guidance for the design, manufacture and installation of guards for punping units. It is based on those anti-expansion measures that have been proven to be safe and practical in practice. 1.2 Scope
This standard provides safety protection for personnel working on or around punping units. a) These safety protection measures should be able to prevent personal injury caused by accidental contact with moving parts of the punping unit due to personnel approaching, falling, slipping, losing their footing or other similar actions. Safety precautions should also prevent personal injury caused by normal or potential damage to parts.
b) Workers who are expected to be in danger due to proximity to moving parts of the pump should be strong and able to perform their work effectively. They should be of normal intelligence, behave steadily and cautiously, and be aware that they are in potential danger. The general public will not enter the location of the pump. However, pumps are often installed in rural areas and relatively remote privately leased mining areas, and people may enter these areas.
c) Pumps that are close to residential areas and unattended should be equipped with safety barriers. For example, a completely enclosed and locked guard ring [see 4.3] (1)] may be provided.
2 Types of pumping unit protection devices to be used
2.1 Common types of protection include the following types or their combinations: a) Guards and guardrails: Generally, guards are the most effective protective facilities for the moving parts of mechanical equipment, while guardrails are sometimes more difficult to protect than guards of appropriate size. Therefore, guardrails are limited to protecting moving parts with relatively high speeds such as cranks, balance blocks, pneumatic balance tanks and donkey heads; guards and guardrails should be strong enough to withstand collisions and heavy pressure without damaging the protected moving mechanisms; the sizes of guards and guardrails should comply with the limits specified in Chapter 4. b) Location: refers to the location of the equipment, which is not easily accessible to personnel performing normal operation and maintenance. In places where maintenance may be dangerous, the machine should be stopped and all power sources should be cut off, or the equipment should be protected in accordance with the requirements of 4.1 or 4.2. 3 Items to be protected
3.1 Pumping unit parts that should be protected (other parts except brakes, pulleys and belts, if they are not easily accessible due to being blocked by other protective facilities or moving parts during the operation of the pumping unit, they can be considered to be protected by parts): a) Brakes, pulleys and belts: The brakes, pulleys and belts of the pumping unit should be protected by movable guards. A typical example of a guard is shown in Figure A1 in Appendix A (Suggestive Appendix). b) Crank, balance block and pneumatic balance: The crank, balance block and pneumatic balance tank can be protected by either a guard or a guardrail. Since the crank, balance block and pneumatic balance tank are parts with a relatively slow movement speed, and workers do not need to maintain or do other forms of work on these parts of the pumping unit when the pumping unit is in operation, guardrails can be used to protect these parts. Whether it is a guard or a guardrail, it should be at a sufficient distance from the moving parts to prevent one person from accidentally touching the moving parts. However, this distance should not be too large to prevent workers from using it as a passage. See Figure A2 in Appendix A (Suggestive Appendix) for an example of a guardrail. c) Flywheel: The flywheel on the gas engine of the pumping unit should be protected by a guard. The structure of the guard should allow workers to temporarily approach the flywheel for the purpose of starting the engine. See Figure A3 in Appendix A (Suggestive Appendix) for an example of a flywheel guard. d) Donkey head and load bar: (1) When the donkey head or load bar moves downward to a distance less than 2133.6 mm (84 in) from the ground or workbench, a solid separate guardrail or standard guardrail should be installed at the bottom. For an example of a donkey head guardrail, see Figure A4 (2) in Appendix A (Indicative Appendix). During the downstroke, if the load-bearing rod, the rod clip and the rod bushing clip do not move to less than 6 meters from the top of the rod packing box, it is considered that the shear points of the load-bearing rod and the rod packing box do not need to be protected. 4 Requirements for protective devices
4.1 Guards
a) The guards can prevent any part of the human body from accidentally entering, approaching or crossing the edge of the guard to the moving parts. b) The guards can be made of metal mesh, porous or non-porous thin metal plates, wire mesh, plastic or other materials with strengths that meet or exceed the requirements of 4.1) and d). These materials should be free of burrs and edges. The guards should be firmly installed on the base or frame of the pumping unit, engine, reduction box, motor equipment, or fixed to the ground or base. ) The guards and their brackets should be designed to have sufficient rigidity so that even if an adult's body leans against or falls on them, they will not be injured by the moving parts.
d) The mesh of the shield should meet the requirements of Figure 4.1, Figure 4.2 and Figure 4.3. 152. 4 (6)
If it is higher than this curve, the barrier height of the small mesh size or large moving parts of the sensor
41.3 (No. 1)
38. 1tNo. 1)
31.8 (1 inch)
22.2 (tongue)
15. 9 ()
12.7 (No. 1)
63. 5139. 7190. 6*
31. 8 88. 9165. 1
311.2 $93. 7 444. 5
The dive is lower than this load or falls on the
seedling line, and the designed
distance to the moving parts is high, B or the smaller of the two, (in) Figure 4.1 Distance requirements to moving parts
(1) In order to provide reasonable safety requirements, Figure 4.1 shows the relationship between the maximum mesh size allowed by the protective device and the maximum distance from the moving parts. Thus, the maximum grid is 6.4mm (lin); the maximum grid is 12.7mn (
when the distance is less than 31.8mum (1
in), the distance from the moving parts should be (jin in), the distance from the moving parts should be 63.5mm (21in) or more; the maximum grid is 22.2mm (2
165.1mm (6
SY/T6518-2001
Figure 4.2 Determination of the distance requirements listed in Figure 4.1 in) or more, etc.
Selectivity
(2) When the guard is partially knocked open by the side of the machine, as shown in Figure 4.As shown in 2, the distance between the guard and the moving parts varies with the size of the opening "A", and the smaller of the distance and distance + D) should be taken (C + L is the sum of the depth of the side panel of the guard near the machine end and the distance between the outer edge of the side panel and the moving parts). e) The openings for lubrication, adjustment and inspection should be equipped with hinged sliding covers or bolt-connected covers. When the opening is closed, the covers should be closed.
4.2 Guardrails
a) The protective guardrail consists of a working railing, an intermediate railing or equivalent protection and a column. The nominal vertical height from the upper railing to the ground, platform, walkway or T. working surface is 914.4mm (36) ~ 1219.2mt (48in): All surfaces of the upper railing should be smooth. The intermediate railing should be installed approximately in the middle of the upper railing and the ground, platform, walkway or working surface. This Metal mesh, crossbars or other structures can also be used in the parts: the top of the guardrail should not extend beyond the end column unless the protruding part does not pose a hazard. Many oil pumps are installed above the ground. If the guardrail is fixed to the pump frame, the lower railing may be too high from the ground. In this case, it may be required to modify the guardrail on site to adapt to this situation.
b) The minimum requirements for guardrails are as follows:
(1) The design and manufacture of the guardrail should ensure that all its guardrails can withstand a load of 37.2kg/m (25b/f1) applied from any direction. The middle railing should be able to withstand a horizontal load of 29.76kg/m (20lb/ft). The top of the end column should be able to withstand a load of 90.72kg (2001h) applied from any direction. The above loads cannot be superimposed. 3
SY/T 6518—2001
Expandable metal mesh
Metal lath or steel bars
Figure 4.3 Method of measuring opening "A" (see Figure 4.1)) The minimum horizontal distance between the guardrail and the surface of the moving part is 381.0mm (15in) and the maximum horizontal distance is 1066.8mm (42in). The height of the guardrail at the minimum horizontal distance should be 1219.2mm (48in). If the horizontal distance increases, the guardrail height may be reduced proportionally to a minimum height of 914.4mm (36in). However, if the distance between the guardrail and the moving part is less than 914.4mm (36in), the minimum height of the guardrail is not 914.4mm (3 6in), when the horizontal distance between the railing and the moving parts is greater than 508.0mm [20in), a sign should be set up to prohibit the use of this space as an aisle when the machine is running. 4.3 Positioning protection
a) Positioning protection equipment should be kept away from the personnel work area to prevent personnel from contacting the equipment and causing danger. (1) In order to achieve positioning or position protection, any moving parts should be 2133.6mm (84in) above the aisle, platform or ground for people to walk on.
(2) Where a) and (1) in 4.3 cannot be used, the protective measures of 4.1 or 4.2 should be adopted: (3) If the equipment is enclosed in an area with a locked population, it can also be considered as positioning protection. The area is surrounded by walls and fences with a height of not less than 2438.4mm (96in). Unless the power source in the engine or prime mover is cut off when the entrance to the protection area is opened, the power transmission components of the machine should be equipped with separate protective devices in accordance with 4.1 and 4.2. The restart of the prime mover requires manual operation. 5.1 This standard mentions special protective facilities or methods, but other protective facilities or methods with equivalent safety may also be used. 6 Warning signs and color markings
6.1 The operator may arbitrarily select signs and color markings indicating personal dangers to improve and expand the protective effect of the guardrails. a) Signs: Signs should comply with the requirements of the current relevant competent authorities. 6) Color marking: Bright and contrasting colors, such as yellow or yellow, should be used to indicate dangerous parts of the machine or power equipment that may cause injury, crushing, electric shock or other injuries to emphasize their danger. The parts of the pumping unit marked with red are shown in Figure A5 in Appendix A (Instructions).
Pumping locomotive
7.1 For ease of operation, the handles of the pumping unit brake and engine clutch should extend outside the pumping unit guard. 7.2 The pumping unit's brake is not sufficient for safety braking, but only for working braking. 7.3 When working and maintaining on the pumping unit, the crank and balance block should be fixed in a stable position by chain or other appropriate methods.
8 Ladders and platforms
8.1 General requirements
Ladders are set up to provide access to the walking beam and/or some frame supports to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the pumping unit. The lower edge of the walking beam can be used as the level height of the ladder.
a) Ladders should not be used when the pumping unit is running. b) Ladders should be set up carefully and should not cause dangerous factors. People should not be allowed to use ladders within the swing range of the crank. c) There should be at least 762mm (30in) of space on the climbing side of the ladder, see Figure A6 in Appendix A (Suggestive Appendix). The minimum spacing from the center line of the ladder without guardrail to both sides is 381rut (15in) each. d) The distance between the back feet of the ladder [the distance between the center line of the ladder and the edge of the pumping unit frame is at least 177.8rtn (7in)] See Figure A6 in Appendix A (Suggestive Appendix). The spacing of obstacles that cannot be avoided is shown in Figure A78.2 in Appendix A (Suggestive Appendix) Design requirements
All ladders, accessories and fasteners should be designed to be made of steel to meet the following requirements: a) Load requirements:
(1) The minimum design dynamic load should be a single concentrated load of 90.7kg (2001b) (2) In the design, the number of positions where the additional 90.7kg (2001b) concentrated dynamic load acts shall be determined based on the usage conditions.
(3) The dynamic loads generated by people climbing up the ladder should be considered to be concentrated at some points that cause the maximum stress in the component. (4) When designing ladder handrails and fasteners, the dynamic loads plus the mass of the ladder and accessories should be considered. b) Appearance: All ladder steps should have a minimum diameter of 19mm (in), or be composed of other suitable sections with at least the same strength. The center distance between the steps shall not be greater than 34.8mm (12in), and the ladder length shall be evenly distributed. The minimum clear length of the steps is 406,4mm (16in). The section of the side handrails should have sufficient gripping surface.) Quality: All parts of the ladder should be free of burrs (sharp edges or protrusions). The joints on the side handrails should have a smooth transition and no sharp or protruding bosses.
SY/T 6518-2001
) Angle of inclination: The ladder shall be at an angle of 75" to the horizontal and shall be securely mounted. 8.3 Guardrails
Continuous ladders exceeding 6096mm (20f) up to a maximum of 9144m (30f) shall be equipped with guardrails. a) The specification of the guardrail shall be determined by the length of the ladder rather than the height of the ladder. The length of the ladder shall be measured from the top of the lowest step to the bottom of the ladder rather than from the ground or the landing height of the ladder. Therefore, the length of the ladder is the distance from the top of the lowest step to the top of the ladder. The upper side of the uppermost step or the distance to the platform. The outer part of the ladder is designed for safe climbing and is not considered part of the ladder when determining the ladder length. b) The guardrail should extend at least [066.8mm (42in) beyond the height of the ladder landing at the top of the ladder and extend down the ladder to a point not less than 2133.6mm (7ft) and not more than 2438.4mm (3ft) from the bottom of the ladder. The bottom of the guardrail should be flared outward at least 101.6mm (4in). The guardrail should extend outward from the centerline of the step not less than 685. 3mm (27in) and not more than 711.2mtl (28in). The width of the guardrail should not be less than 685.8mm (27in). There should be no protrusions inside. Vertical slats should be set at intervals not exceeding 40° on the circumference of the guardrail. This ensures that the maximum center distance of the slats is approximately 241.3mm (9in). Ladders with guardrails should be manufactured according to Figure A8 in Appendix A (Suggestive Appendix). 8.4 Platforms
Platforms are commonly used for larger structures. The maximum distance from the end of the ladder with guardrail to the platform is 6096 mm (20ft), or 9144mtn (30ft)
a) The steps (or handrails that step over) should be at least 1066.8mm (42in) higher than the platform, and the side handrails or steps should extend to the next step 1066.8mm (42in) higher, see Figure A9 in Appendix A (Instructions). One of the steps should be at the same height as the ladder platform.
h) All ladder platforms should be equipped with handrails and footboards, which should be installed in a way that is convenient for safety ladders. The minimum width of the half platform should be 609.6mml (24in), the minimum length should be 762mm (30in). SY/T6518—2001
Appendix A
(Suggested Appendix)
Examples of protective equipment
Figure A1 Example of belt guard
Tower minimum 318m (15in)
Maximum 1066m (42in)
The isolated part of the guardrail
or the use of commercial and appropriate protective equipment
the working area. The distance between the guardrail and the slow moving parts shall not be less than 38cm. H shall not be greater than 107cm.
SY/T 6518—2001
*To ensure the improvement as much as possible, the protective device can be modified at
.
Minimum 318
(i5in)
(42in)
Small 381m (151)
Maximum 066.8m (42i)
Note: If the horizontal partition is between 508 (20in) and
1066.8m (4218) Zhishang: a shell with a mark should be installed to remind people not to use this room as a corridor when the pump is running
914. 4m (36in)
Nameplate size*
[219.2m (48in)
Figure A2 Example of balanced fast protection device
SY/T6518—2001
Figure A3 Example of flywheel protection
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