Some standard content:
ICS 03. 100. 01
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T24420—2009
Supply chain risk management guideline2009-09-30Published
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
2009-12-01Implementation
CB/T 24420—2009
Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
Supply chain risk management process
Supply chain risk factors and management table examples Appendix A (informative appendix)
Appendix B (informative appendix)
Appendix C (informative appendix)
Entry (informative appendix)
Examination documents
Risk assessment score table examples·
Supplier and product risk comprehensive evaluation table examples Example of Intentional Risk Record Table
All Products
GB/T24420—2009
This standard is guided by GB/T24353—2009 "Risk Management Principles and Implementation Guidelines", and refers to the technical contents of the International Aerospace Quality Standard (IAQS) 9184, the American Association of Motor Vehicle Engineers Standard SAFARP9134 and the European Association of the Aviation Industry Standard AEC MAFN9134 & Supply Chain Risk Management Guidelines. Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D of this standard are informative appendices. This standard is proposed by China National Institute of Standardization. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Risk Management Standardization (SAC/TC310). The drafting units of this standard are: China National Institute of Standardization, Shenzhen Institute of Standards and Technology, China Aviation Comprehensive Technology Research Institute, First Huida Risk Management Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Institute of Technology, and Institute of Science and Technology Policy and Management Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The main drafters of this standard are Gao Xiaohong, Zheng Bangjun, Jian Kuitong, Lu Duona, Liu Tiezhong, Ying, Zhao Tao, Li Jianping, and Liu Yongxin. Hdhttn
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GB/T24420-2009
With the development of economic globalization, organizations are increasingly dependent on complex supply chain networks. Each organization is exposed to different types of risks that may endanger supply chain business: in the context of changing environment, diverse demands, and fierce competition, the characteristics of multiple participants, cross-regional, and multi-links in the supply chain make the supply chain vulnerable to the impact of the external environment and the adverse internal influence of each entity in the supply chain, forming supply chain risks. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to identify and manage these supply chain risks. By clarifying the supply chain environment information, fully identifying supply chain risks, and using scientific means and tools to analyze, evaluate and respond to them, supply chain risk management can effectively identify and manage the risks that occur when doing business with existing or new suppliers, and determine the necessary control level. Organizations can combine the risk factors of purchased products and suppliers, as well as their own risk management standards to manage supply chain risks, thereby ensuring the continued stability of the supply chain. Supply chain risk awareness should be part of the entire organizational culture. This standard can be used as a "precautionary list" to supplement the user's existing risk management methods. Therefore, users of this standard can decide whether to use this standard for selected or listed supply chain partners, and can select risk factors and related evaluation requirements based on their needs.
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1 Scope
Supply Chain Risk Management Guide
GB/T24420--2009
This standard provides the development of supply chain risk management, including the steps of supply chain risk management, as well as methods and tools for identifying, analyzing, evaluating and responding to supply chain risks.
Supply chain risk management in this standard applies to the procurement of any product that is involved in the supply chain. This standard applies to all personnel in the organization who are related to the procurement process. 2 Normative references
The following documents are amended by the amendment list (excluding the inclusion of the foot) submitted with this standard
Whether these latest versions can be used
GB/T 190G
GB/T 236
3 Terms and definitions
-208 Quality
Risk management
GB/T23 established and
supply chain
stpply chain
production and circulation, involving
Note: Supplier
supplier
provides
products
companies, manufacturers
: The supplier can be
Note 2: In the case of a contract, the supply has
all
contractors". The technical design
documents apply to the entire product
All referenced documents of the period, all subsequent rewards are reached according to the terms of the standard. The parties to the agreement shall study the new version of the applicable standard.
Structure,
to release the contact to fill in the other entities of the final use scenario. Note 3 "The supplier is cautious in 8.8.# of 9000~-2008" in this standard 3.3
Risk risk
The impact of uncertainty on the achievement of goals.
Note 1: Impact is a deviation from the plan, including positive and/or negative. Note 2: There are different aspects of the standard, such as financial, health and safety and environmental standards, which can be applied to different levels, such as strategy, organization, project, product and process.
Note 3: GB/T23694 defines risk as: the combination of the probability of occurrence of a basic event and its consequences, 3.4
Risk management risk management
Directs and controls the coordination activities of the organization and the issues related to risk (3.3). 3.5
Supply chain risk
The impact of uncertainty related to the supply chain (3.1) on the achievement of objectives. http:
GB/T24420-2009
Supply chain risk managementsupply chain risk managementDirects and controls the coordination activities of the organization and the issues related to supply chain risk (3.5). 4 Supply chain risk management process
4.1 Overview
The supply chain risk management process consists of the activities described in 4.2 to 4.5, namely: clarifying the supply chain environment information, risk assessment, risk response, and supervision and inspection. The process of supply chain risk management is shown in Figure 1. 42 Clearly screen the supply chain environment information
4.2 Clarify the supply chain environment information
4.3.2 Risk identification
1.3.8 Risk analysis
4 3.4 Risk Assessment
44 Risk Response
Figure 1 Supply Chain Risk Management Process
Internal supply chain environment information
·External supply chain environment information
, identify, analyze and report risks
·Evaluate risks
, identify risks and recommend actions
·Develop action plans to deal with risks that are not accepted
When an organization conducts supply chain risk management, it must first clarify the internal and external environment information of the supply chain. Internal environment information may include:
The supply chain's financial, time, human, process, system and technology capabilities; supply chain information systems, information flows and decision-making processes; -Internal stakeholders of supply chain risks and their values and risk preferences! The organization's policies, goals and existing strategies to achieve the goals: historical data of the enterprise's supply chain management;
The risk criteria adopted by the organization;
-Organizational structure, tasks and responsibilities, etc.
) External environment information may include:
International, domestic, regional and local culture, politics, laws, regulations, finance, technology, economy, natural environment and environmental environment;
Key factors and trends that affect the organization's supply chain management objectives, such as: changes in laws, regulations and regulatory requirements, requirements of environmental protection organizations, the emergence of new stakeholders, etc.; External stakeholders of supply chain risks and their values and risk preferences: supplier qualifications, credit, payment ability, management status, cooperation history, etc. 2
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4.3 Risk Assessment
4.3.1 Overview
GB/T 24420—2009
Supply chain risk assessment is the overall process of supply chain risk identification, supply chain risk analysis and supply chain risk evaluation. 4.3.2 Risk Identification
Risk identification is to analyze each process link of the supply chain, each participant and the environment in which they are located, find out the risk factors that may affect the supply chain, identify the risk sources, and understand the characteristics, causes, correlations and potential consequences of each risk event. The purpose of risk identification is to generate a list of supply chain risks based on events that may promote, hinder, reduce or delay the realization of the target. Table 1 and Table 2 are examples of supply chain risk lists. Table 1
Examples of supplier risk factors
Risk factors
Environment and safety
Work environment
Geography, politics and ethics
Customer appreciation
Human resources
Improvement activities
On-time delivery
Manufacturing capabilities and capacity
Subsequent supply chain control
Design capabilities and capacity
Risk factors
Safety level
Special processes involved
Design complexity
Manufacturing complexity
Explanation of risk factors
Ability to deliver products and services in accordance with customer requirements Ability to monitor and manage environmental, health and safety factors that may affect the project or solution Ability to manage work environment factors such as temperature, humidity, lighting, deactivation, static electricity, etc. that may affect product compliance
To monitor and manage work environment factors such as temperature, humidity, lighting, deactivation, static electricity, etc. that may affect product compliance Ability to manage the social, geographical, political, economic and ethical aspects of a project or programme Ability to manage aspects that affect the financial aspects of a project or programme Ability to manage aspects that affect customer expectations
Human resources that affect quality and customer confidence Ability to continuously improve
Ability to provide products and services in accordance with customer requirements Ability to provide manufacturing services in accordance with contract requirements Ability to monitor and control all sub-suppliers in the supply chain Ability to provide design services consistent with contract requirements Table 2 Examples of product risk factors
Interpretation of risk factors
| Processes that affect parameters such as composition, characteristics and dimensions, or processes whose results cannot be confirmed by inspection Ability to design innovative solutions that meet customer requirements Ability to manufacture components that meet design specifications
The supply chain risk factors to be evaluated and the evaluation criteria are not limited to those listed in Tables 1 and 2, and can be supplemented as needed when used.
Identifying supply chain risks requires timely and accurate information: the necessary information includes historical data on the company's supply chain management (especially risk accident records), external information obtained through investigations and research, and information intelligence searches, etc. The risk identification tools and techniques adopted by the organization should be suitable for its goals, capabilities, and the risks faced by the organization. Appendix A gives an example of using the "Risk Factors and Management Form" to identify risks in the aviation industry. 4.3.3 Risk Analysis
Risk analysis should consider the causes and sources of supply chain risks, the consequences of risks and the likelihood of these consequences, factors that affect the consequences and likelihood, and other characteristics of supply chain risks. The consequences are determined by modeling the results of historical events, and can also be determined by extrapolating experimental studies or available data. 3
GB/T24420-2009
Table 3 is a summary of the consequences and impacts of supply chain risks. Table 3 Example of supply chain risk outlook and impact assessment, etc. Minimum design No impact Acceptable but will reduce the surface effect (profit, etc.) Acceptable but will greatly reduce the surface effect (profit, etc.) Table 4 is the supply chain 4.3.4 Risk assessment Risk assessment is to correct the occurrence of new processes in the new process. |Compare and generate evaluation conclusions: Under certain conditions, the risk can be optimally controlled, and no other measures are taken. Impact: Determine the impact or consequence of the risk. Plan to avoid minimal or no impact. Require more resources and complete the project on time. Control delays in key program targets, without directly causing delays in the achievement of key program targets, and key implementation paths are slightly affected.
Decision:
or
possibility of
loss (C)
minimal or no impact
5% ≤ C7%
7% C0
key environment information set risk criteria for further evaluation may also lead to maintaining existing risks. This decision is affected by the organization's risk appetite or risk awareness and the established risk criteria. Appendix 3 gives an example of a supplier and product risk assessment score sheet. Based on this, the final risk size can be calculated and determined in Appendix C.1 The results are shown.
4.4 Risk Response
4.4.1 Based on the evaluation values of product and supplier factors, a comprehensive evaluation of supply chain risks is obtained. Risk response is to make decisions about which risks need to be addressed based on the results of risk assessment, and to select and implement possible measures to change supply chain risks. Formulating risk response measures can be a cyclical process, including: 1. Evaluating possible risk response measures and deciding whether the residual risk is tolerable; if it is unacceptable, formulating new risk response measures; 2. Evaluating the effectiveness of new risk response measures until it is determined that the residual risk is tolerable. 4. 4.2 Select risk response measures
Risk response measures may include;
-Multiple sources of supply:
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Closing inventory;
-Terminating the supply contract
-Adding multiple suppliers;
Purchasing commercial insurance;
-Improving quality standards;
-Strengthening product acceptance inspection;
-Training:
Maintaining the status quo, etc.
4.4.3: Develop a risk response plan
GB/T 24420-2009
Develop a corresponding plan to implement risk response measures - the risk plan should be integrated with the organization's management processes and discussed with appropriate stakeholders. Risk response materials
-Expected benefits:
Performance indicators
Responsible for approving the plan
…Recommended activities
Report
Resources required
Implementation time
4.5 Supervision and inspection
Conditions:
Responsible for providing a plan chain
Responsible for supervision and inspection
Responsible for providing a plan chain risk response
Reporting on the relevant activities of the sales organization
The monitoring and inspection process of the organization should be
Tracked and followed up on the measures Analyze the situation and trends of the company, identify seasonal changes in the external urban environment, evaluate the performance of the company, and provide evidence of the effectiveness of the risk control and financial management plan and its implementation: Identify emerging risks that the organization should eliminate and clarify the responsibilities and responsibilities of the organization for supervision and inspection, and internally review and evaluate the effectiveness of the company's risk management and management measures. The purpose of the plan is to: monitor known risks, periodic or random inspections, and conduct risk management and internal supervision and inspection. 8.
Periodic or random inspections should be carried out.
The results of supervision and inspection should be recorded and reported to the relevant departments or external parties as appropriate to ensure the continuous evaluation of supply chain risk management, and to achieve continuous improvement. 4.6 Communication and Records
Communication and consultation should be carried out with internal and external stakeholders at any stage of the supply chain risk management process, including personnel related to the procurement process inside and outside the organization. The content of communication may include:
Clearing the supply chain environment information
The concerns of stakeholders;
-How to fully identify supply chain risks;
The results of supply chain risk assessment:
The effectiveness of supply chain risk response measures, etc. In the supply chain risk management process, records are the basis for implementing and improving supply chain risk management. The records of supply chain risk management can be 5
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GB/T24420—2009
Basic information of suppliers;
Basic information of products:
Basic information of supply chain risks, including description of supply chain risk events, risk assessment results, etc.; supply chain risk response measures, implementation plans and effects, etc. Appendix D is an example of supply chain risk management records. http://w
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A.1 Supplier Risk Factor Identification
Appendix A
[Informative Appendix]
Supply Chain Risk Factor and Management Table Example GB/T 24420—2009
Table A, taking the aviation industry as an example, provides an example of using "risk factors and management tools" to identify supplier risk factors. Table
Risk Factors
Geographical:
And Ethics
Quality Assessment
fSQ AS:
System management
Airline passenger
Approval and certification
Airline scenery and defense undertaking
Cao previously married
Airline customer recommendation
Simplified process
Quantitative effect indicators (such as
Static, quality management system evaluation, etc.)
: The system
Supplier risk factors and management examples
Phoenix risk identification has
The risk points to be assessed are checked
, and the factors to be assessed are obtained||tt ||, the hidden dangers of transferring good design and manufacturing technology to specific countries
, government import and export restrictions
· Government aid and guarantee treatment of export credits
· Tariff system
· Policies on trade calculations stipulated by the government
· The possibility of natural disasters
, the economic status of the country relative to developed countries (inflation rate, average GDP, per capita wage, economic growth, export level, interest rate, energy cost, etc.)
, visit the factory to see if it complies with the International Labor Organization
Related terms of the organization
Special checklist
Different gifts and governments
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Control process to reduce risks
Continuous improvement with mandatory corrective action requirements agreed by the supplier
Quality assurance plan
Identified weak links and special requirements
Requirements training
Related parts selection
Receiving slow inspection
Increase production
Identify process parameters of inherent performance
On-site support
(including disclosure in the limit Person on site within a certain time frame First article inspection Process inspection management Compensation for unplanned requirements relative to material demand plan Multiple supply sources Buffer stock, on-site monitoring and support, translation of local languages Special clauses for child protection in the procurement contract Supplier acquisition with recovery plan (child protection) GB/T 24420—2009
Risk factors
Assessment factors
· Establishment period and historybzxZ.net
, major shareholders
, contractual relationship (shareholding, merger)
Capital transfer or bankruptcy
· Turnover
, capital turnover rate
, operating performance
· Pre-tax income
Final customers
Human resources
· Investment
: Self-financing capability
Table A.1 (continued)
Risk identification tool
, consideration of all factors
, various external databases (e.g., the Internet, financial information agencies)
, annual report
. R&D expenses as a percentage of operating income Degree of customer dependence, legal company structure, JISQ AS/EN 0100 consultation, consultation with the company, number of product quality omissions Number of customer quality concerns that affect product supply, regular communication between all functions, level and effectiveness of coordination Product customer quality coordination group Quality omissions of products Concession rate Survey attached to JISQ AS/EN9100, for example, the ratio of management to working personnel in each function, for example: Commercial (sales and after-sales) Research or technical Production (general management, process engineering technology)
Technology, product assembly)
Information system
After-sales service (quality assurance, methods, inspection, test inspection and discussion>
: Other performance indicators, such as illness, accidents, strikes, transfer plans, can be used as matrices
Employee development in the most recent year (temporary or permanent personnel contract period, resignation, number of new employees, average length of service, average age>
The skills and education level of employees in each functional department
The percentage of relevant employees who can master the common language or English
Consider the inspection of some important cases
Single example:
Control tools to reduce risk using SHAC AS/EN: Risk reduction plan Multiple sources of supply, inventory management Continuous improvement plan agreed by the supplier with mandatory indicators and corrective requirements for the supplier (e.g. customer expectations) Reviewed by 9101: Spectrum monitoring and inspection (product, process, product scoring results Acceptance inspection status) Supplier with recovery plan Supplementary elements of your product Checklist, identification of current indicators or change list including a list of issues to be evaluated, for example: Improvement plan agreed by the supplier using SIAC AS/EN Resource plan Current survey help 9101 Yi Chong inventory for review
Score results
Supplement of other elements
Check the organizational chart
http:
, customer supply source
Control processes to reduce risks
Continuous improvement
Quality assurance plan with mandatory corrective action requirements agreed to by the supplier
Identified weaknesses and special requirements
Training of relevant equipment
Receiving slow inspection
Increase production
Identify process parameters for inherent performance
On-site support
(including presence of personnel within a limited time>
||First article inspection
Process inspection management
Compensation for unplanned requirements relative to material demand planning
Multiple supply fulfillment
Supply inventory
Risk reduction plan
Multiple supply sources
Buffer stock
, on-site monitoring and support
, translation of local languages
·Special terms for child protection in procurement contracts·Supplier acquisition with recovery plan (child protection)
GB/T 24420—2009
Risk factors
Evaluation factors
· Establishment period and history
, major shareholders
, contractual relationship (shareholding, merger)
Capital transfer or bankruptcy
· Turnover
, capital turnover rate
, operating performance
· Pre-tax income
Final customers
Human resources
· Investment||t t||: Self-financing capability
Table A.1 (continued)
Risk identification tool
, Dependence on all factors, Various external databases (e.g., the Internet, financial intelligence agencies)
, Annual report
. R&D expenditure as a percentage of operating income
Degree of dependence on customers
, Legal corporate structure
JISQ AS/EN 0100 Thanks for the coordination, thanks for the number of product quality missed inspections, the number of customer quality expectations that affect product supply, regular communication between all functions, the level and effectiveness of the response, the product customer quality team, the quality missed inspections, the concession rate, the survey attached to JISQAS/EN9100, for example, the ratio of management to working personnel in each function, for example: Commercial (sales and after-sales) Research or technical production (general management, process engineering technology)
Technology, product assembly)
Information system
After-sales service (quality assurance, methods, inspection, test inspection and discussion>
: Other performance indicators, such as illness, accidents, strikes, transfer plans, can be used as matrices
Employee development in the most recent year (temporary or permanent personnel contract period, resignation, number of new employees, average length of service, average age>
The skills and education level of employees in each functional department
The percentage of relevant employees who can master the common language or English
Consider the inspection of some important cases
Single example:
Control tools to reduce risk using SHAC AS/EN: Risk reduction plan Multiple sources of supply, inventory management Continuous improvement plan agreed by the supplier with mandatory indicators and corrective requirements for the supplier (e.g. customer expectations) Reviewed by 9101: Spectrum monitoring and inspection (product, process, product scoring results Acceptance inspection status) Supplier with recovery plan Supplementary elements of your product Checklist, identification of current indicators or change list including a list of issues to be evaluated, for example: Improvement plan agreed by the supplier using SIAC AS/EN Resource plan Current survey help 9101 Yi Chong inventory for review
Score results
Supplement of other elements
Check the organizational chart
http:
, customer supply source
Control processes to reduce risks
Continuous improvement
Quality assurance plan with mandatory corrective action requirements agreed to by the supplier
Identified weaknesses and special requirements
Training of relevant equipment
Receiving slow inspection
Increase production
Identify process parameters for inherent performance
On-site support
(including presence of personnel within a limited time>
||First article inspection
Process inspection management
Compensation for unplanned requirements relative to material demand planning
Multiple supply fulfillment
Supply inventory
Risk reduction plan
Multiple supply sources
Buffer stock
, on-site monitoring and support
, translation of local languages
·Special terms for child protection in procurement contracts·Supplier acquisition with recovery plan (child protection)
GB/T 24420—2009
Risk factors
Evaluation factors
· Establishment period and history
, major shareholders
, contractual relationship (shareholding, merger)
Capital transfer or bankruptcy
· Turnover
, capital turnover rate
, operating performance
· Pre-tax income
Final customers
Human resources
· Investment||t t||: Self-financing capability
Table A.1 (continued)
Risk identification tool
, Dependence on all factors, Various external databases (e.g., the Internet, financial intelligence agencies)
, Annual report
. R&D expenditure as a percentage of operating income
Degree of dependence on customers
, Legal corporate structure
JISQ AS/EN 0100 Thanks for the coordination, thanks for the number of product quality missed inspections, the number of customer quality expectations that affect product supply, regular communication between all functions, the level and effectiveness of the response, the product customer quality team, the quality missed inspections, the concession rate, the survey attached to JISQAS/EN9100, for example, the ratio of management to working personnel in each function, for example: Commercial (sales and after-sales) Research or technical production (general management, process engineering technology)
Technology, product assembly)
Information system
After-sales service (quality assurance, methods, inspection, test inspection and discussion>
: Other performance indicators, such as illness, accidents, strikes, transfer plans, can be used as matrices
Employee development in the most recent year (temporary or permanent personnel contract period, resignation, number of new employees, average length of service, average age>
The skills and education level of employees in each functional department
The percentage of relevant employees who can master the common language or English
Consider the inspection of some important cases
Single example:
Control tools to reduce risk using SHAC AS/EN: Risk reduction plan Multiple sources of supply, inventory management Continuous improvement plan agreed by the supplier with mandatory indicators and corrective requirements for the supplier (e.g. customer expectations) Reviewed by 9101: Spectrum monitoring and inspection (product, process, product scoring results Acceptance inspection status) Supplier with recovery plan Supplementary elements of your product Checklist, identification of current indicators or change list including a list of issues to be evaluated, for example: Improvement plan agreed by the supplier using SIAC AS/EN Resource plan Current survey help 9101 Yi Chong inventory for review
Score results
Supplement of other elements
Check the organizational chart
http:
, customer supply source
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