GB 16915.1-1997 Switches for fixed electrical installations for household and similar purposes Part 1: General requirements
Some standard content:
GB16915.1-1997
Foreword
This standard is equivalent to IEC669-1:1993 (2nd edition) "Switches for fixed electrical installations for household and similar purposes Part 1: General requirements".
Switches for household and similar fixed electrical devices are mainly used in homes, offices, restaurants, hotels, farms, light industrial factories and other places. They are mostly used by non-professionals and are connected to electrical equipment in most cases. . Therefore, the safety performance of its products is directly related to the safety of people's lives, property and the surrounding environment. At the same time, taking into account the switch safety level of my country's household and similar fixed electrical devices and the needs of international trade, it is necessary and feasible to adopt IEC669-1:1993 in terms of technical content. Its writing rules are the same as IEC669-1:1993. 1993, which is conducive to integrating with international standards. The main differences between this standard and IEC669-1 are: 1. Regarding the rated current
6.2 of IEC669-1: the rated current should not be less than 6A. However, considering that our country still uses a large number of pull switches with a rated current of 4A, we added: "The rated current of the pull switch for small-capacity fixed lighting can be 4A." 2. About the ambient temperature of use
Chapter 1 of IEC669-1 stipulates: "Switches that comply with the requirements of this standard are suitable for use in environments that usually do not exceed 25°C and occasionally reach 35°C."
Considering the area south of the Yangtze River in my country, Most of them belong to the subhumid tropics and humid tropics. These areas have higher annual average and maximum temperatures and higher humidity. Therefore, my country's standards for electrical and electronic products stipulate that the ambient temperature is 40°C. In order to ensure the safe and reliable use of switches in fixed electrical devices for household and similar purposes, this standard changes the ambient temperature of use to: "Switches that comply with the requirements of this standard are suitable for use in environments that usually do not exceed 35°C and occasionally reach 40°C. "This requirement not only does not reduce the requirements of IEC standards, but more importantly, it is in line with my country's reality and ensures that these switches are economical, reasonable, safe and reliable. 3. Regarding protection against electric shock
IEC669-1 10.1 stipulates: "Switches whose shell or cover is made of thermoplastic material or elastic material must also undergo the following additional tests: The test is at an ambient temperature of 35°C ± 2°C. The switch should also be at this temperature. "Due to the humid tropical climate in some areas of our country, we changed 35℃±2℃ to 40℃±2℃ in consideration of the harshest conditions. 4. About the damp heat test
15.3 of IEC669-1 stipulates: "The temperature (of the moisture chamber of the moisture-proof test) should be maintained at any convenient value t ± 1K between 20°C and 30°C. Put the sample into the humidity Before entering the test chamber, the temperature of the sample should be between t and t + 4K. "Considering that some areas of our country have a temperate and tropical climate, and our country's electrical and electronic products all use 40℃±2℃ for damp heat testing, this standard stipulates. : "The temperature of the test chamber should be maintained at 40℃±2℃. Before placing the sample into the humidity chamber, the sample must reach this temperature." This regulation is also consistent with GB2434, which is equivalent to IEC68-2-3. .3 Consistent with "Basic Environmental Testing Procedures for Electrical and Electronic Products Test Ca: Constant Temperature and Moisture Heat Test Method". This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Electrical Accessories. This standard was drafted by: Guangzhou Electrical Equipment Research Institute, Ministry of Machinery Industry. The main drafters of this standard: He Weien and Zhao Shijie. This standard is entrusted to the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Electrical Accessories to be responsible for interpretation. GB16915.1-1997 | | tt |
This second edition cancels and replaces the 1981 first edition and its first revision (1987) and second revision (1991) and becomes a technically new edition.
This standard is based on the following documents:
DIS (Draft International Standard)
Documents
23B (Central Office) 143
23B (Central Office )147
23B(Central Office)149
23B(Central Office)152
23B(Central Office)154
Voting Report
23B(Central Office) Office) 157
23B (Central Office) 167
23B (Central Office) 159
23B (Central Office) 161
23B (Central Office) 164||tt ||For details of the voting on this standard, see the voting report listed in the table above. Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are appendices to the standard. Modifications of DIS
23B (Central Office) 165
23B (Central Office) 168
Voting Report
23B (Central Office) 180
23B (Central Office) 169
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Switches for fixed electrical installations for household and similar purposes Part 1: General requirements
Switches for Household and similar fixed-electrical installationsPart 1: General requirements
GB16915.1-1997
eqvIEC669-1:1993
This standard applies to indoor or outdoor use, only for AC , Manually operated general-purpose switches for household and similar fixed electrical devices with a rated voltage not greater than 440V and a rated current not greater than 63A. Switches equipped with screwless terminals have a current rating limited to a maximum of 10A. NOTE
1 Consideration is being given to expanding the current rating of switches equipped with screwless terminals to 16A. 2We are considering extending the scope of application to switches with rated voltages greater than 440V. This standard also applies to switch installation boxes, but does not apply to concealed installation boxes for concealed switches. Note 3: This standard specifies special requirements for installation boxes. For general requirements for installation boxes for ordinary concealed switches, see IEC670\. *See Note 1 of 7.1.4.
This standard also applies to:
a switch equipped with a signal light;
an electromagnetic remote control switch;
a switch equipped with a delay device;
Combination switches with switches and other functions (but not for switches combined with fuses); electronic switches (special requirements for electronic switches are given in Part 2); equipped with flexible cable retention devices or flexible cable outlet devices switch (see Appendix B). Note 4: The minimum length of the flexible cable used in the above switches is stipulated by relevant national regulations. Switches that comply with the requirements of this standard are suitable for use in ambient temperatures that usually do not exceed 35°C and occasionally reach 40°C. Note
5 Additional requirements for concealed non-ordinary switches under consideration 6 Comply with this standard The required switch is only suitable for reuse in special environments, such as on vehicles and ships and in hazardous locations where explosions may occur. The switch used may require a special structure. 1) Currently, there is no standard in this regard in my country. This standard refers to IEC6706 General requirements for electrical accessories enclosures for household and similar fixed electrical devices and recommends the use of IEC670 compiled by the Guangzhou Electrical Apparatus Research Institute. Translation. Adoption instructions:
1 Some areas in my country have a humid tropical climate. Considering the harshest conditions, the ambient temperature of the switch is "usually not more than 35C, and occasionally reaches 40℃" according to IEC669-1. The ambient temperature specified in "usually does not exceed 25C, and occasionally reaches 35C". For the same reason, the test temperature for elastic materials or thermoplastic materials is correspondingly changed to (40±2)C (IEC669-) in the following 10.1. 1 is (35±2)C). The State Administration of Technical Supervision approved the implementation on 1998-09-01 on 1997-06-28
GB16915.1-1997
This standard does not include requirements and tests for switches with protection functions against solid foreign objects entering. These are under consideration.
2 Reference standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute provisions of this standard by being quoted in this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the standard listed below. GB4207-84 Determination method of tracking index and tracking resistance index of solid insulating materials under humid conditions (eqvIEC112:1979)
GB4208-1993 Enclosure protection level (IP code) (eqvIEC529:1989) GB5169.4-1997 Glow wire test methods and guidelines for fire hazard testing of electrical and electronic products (idtIEC695-2-1:1991) GB/T5465.2-1996 Graphical symbols for electrical equipment (idtIEC417:1994) GB9797-88 Metal covering layer Nickel + chromium and copper + nickel + chromium electroplating layer (neqISO1456:1974) GB9799-88 Metal covering layer Zinc electroplating layer on steel (neqISO2081:1973) GB10580-89 Standard conditions for solid insulating materials before and during testing ( eqvIEC212:1971)GB13140.1-1997
Connecting devices for low-voltage circuits for household and similar purposes Part 1: General requirements (idtIEC998-1:1990)
9 Rated voltage 450/750V and below Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables Part 1: General requirements 1st IEC227-1:1979
Modification (1985)
IEC227-3:1979 Polyvinyl chloride with rated voltage 450/750V and below Insulated cables Part 3: Unsheathed cables for fixed wiring
2 Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables with rated voltages 450/750V and below Part 4: Sheathed for fixed wiring IEC227-4:1992|| tt |
Rubber insulated cables with rated voltage 450/750V and below Part 1: General requirements IEC245-4: 1980 Rubber insulated cables with rated voltage 450/750V and below Part 4: Flexible wires and flexible cables 2nd Modification (1988)
IEC364-4-46: 1981 Electrical installations in buildings Part 4: Safety protection Chapter 46: Isolation and conversion IEC670: 1989 General requirements for enclosures of electrical accessories for household and similar fixed electrical installations IEC719: 1992 Calculation method for the upper and lower limits of the average outer diameter of round copper core cables with rated voltages of 450/750V and below
IEC998-1: 1990 Connecting devices for low-voltage circuits for household and similar purposes Part 1: General requirements IEC998 -2-1:1990 Connecting devices for low-voltage circuits for household and similar purposes Part 2-1: Special requirements for connecting devices with screw-type clamping elements as independent devices
IEC998-2-2:1991 Household use Connecting devices for low-voltage circuits and similar purposes Part 2-2: Special requirements for connecting devices with screwless clamping elements as independent devices ISO2039/2:1987 Determination of hardness of plastics Part 2: Rockwell hardness ISO2093:1986 Technical requirements and test methods for tin electroplating 3 definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions:
In the standard, unless otherwise specified, wherever the terms "voltage" and "current" are used All refer to its rms value (root mean square value). 3.1 switch switch
GB16915.1—1997
A device designed to connect or break the current in one or more circuits. 3.1.1 Push-button switch The push-button switch starting mechanism is pressed by a part of the human body, usually a finger or palm, and uses the energy stored in a spring to change the switch state. bZxz.net
momentarycontactswitch
3.1.2 Momentary switch
A switch device that can automatically return to its initial state after action. Note: A momentary switch is a switch used to operate electric bells, electromagnetic remote switches or delay switches, etc. 3.1.3 Momentarypush-buttonswitch is a button switch that can automatically return to the initial state after action. 3.1.4 Cord-operated switch. The operating part is a cord, which must be pulled to change. Contact status switch. 3.1.5 Small gap structure switch switchofmini-gapconstruction The electrical gap between the contacts is less than 3mm but at least 1.2mm. Note: The small gap structure in the small gap structure switch is a functional structure. Therefore, the small gap structure switch is not used for safety isolation purposes (see IEC364-4-46). 3. 2 operations oneoperation
The moving contact moves from one action position to another. 3.3 Terminal terminal
A pole of conductive parts, consisting of one or more clamping parts and, if necessary, insulation. 3.4 Clamping unit clampingunit
terminal is a component necessary for mechanical clamping and electrical connection of wires. 3.5 Screw clamp terminal terminal with screwclamping is a terminal that only relies on thread clamps to connect external hard wires or soft wires. 3.6 Pillar terminal pillar terminal
A thread clamp type terminal that inserts the wire into the hole or slot and clamps it under the screw end. The clamping pressure can be applied directly from the screw end or through an intermediate clamping piece that is subject to pressure from the screw end. Note: An example of a post terminal is shown in Figure 4.
3.7 Screw terminal screwterminal
A thread clamping terminal that clamps the conductor under the screw head. The clamping pressure can be applied directly from the screw head or via an intermediate clamping element such as a washer, clamping plate or locking component. NOTE: See Figure 5 for an example of screw terminals.
3.8 screw terminal studterminal
Thread clamp type terminal that clamps the wire under the nut. The clamping pressure can be applied directly by a suitably formed nut, or through an intermediate clamping component such as a washer, clamping plate or anti-loosening component. NOTE: See Figure 5 for an example of a screw terminal.
3.9 Saddle terminal saddleterminal
A thread clamping terminal that uses two or more screws or nuts to clamp the conductor under the saddle pressure plate. Note: See Figure 6 for an example of a saddle terminal.
3.10 lugterminal lugterminal
A screw terminal or bolt terminal that clamps the cable lug or bus bar with a screw or nut. Note: An example of splice extension is shown in Figure 7.
3.11 Mantle terminal mantleterminal
A thread clamping terminal that uses a nut to clamp the wire to the bottom of the bolt groove. In this type of terminal, the conductor is clamped to the bolt by a suitably machined and formed washer under the nut (or by an intermediate stem if the nut is a cap nut) or by an equivalent means which transmits the pressure of the nut to the conductor in a groove. Bottom of the tank.
Note: An example of a shroud terminal is shown in Figure 8.
3.12 screwlessterminaGB 16915.1—1997
For connecting or later disconnecting a hard (single core or stranded) conductor or flexible conductor, or for interconnecting two detachable conductors Connecting devices, and this connection is made directly or indirectly through springs, wedges, eccentrics or cone wheels, etc., when the insulation of the relevant wires is only stripped without any special processing.
3.13 Self-tapping locking screw thread-forming screw is a self-tapping screw that can displace the material and form a thread by screwing it in without interrupting the thread. Note: An example of a self-tapping locking screw is shown in Figure 11. 3.14 Self-cutting screw thread-cuttingscrew is a self-tapping screw whose thread is interrupted and can be screwed in to cut the material to form a thread. Note: An example of self-cutting screws is shown in Figure 12
3.15. Mechanical time-delay device is a device that uses a mechanical auxiliary mechanism to establish action conditions for a period of time before acting. 3.16 Base base
In the switch, the component that keeps the live parts and mechanical parts in their normal positions, 3.17 Rated voltage ratedvoltage
The voltage specified by the manufacturer for the switch.
3.18 rated current
The current specified by the manufacturer for the switch.
3.19 operating member operatingmembe
In the pull-wire switch, the component that connects the internal mechanism and the pull-wire. Usually, the operating element is fixed to the actuating element of the switch. 3.20 Pole (ofa switch) In a switch, a component installed with a conductive path. The circuit of the conductive path has contacts for connecting and breaking the circuit itself, but the pole itself does not Includes the parts that connect the poles together and work on the poles. A conductive path may consist of portions common to several conductive paths of the switch. 4 General requirements
Switches and switch boxes should be designed and manufactured so that they perform reliably during normal use and pose no danger to the user or the surrounding environment. Compliance shall be determined by passing all relevant requirements and prescribed test inspections. 5 General instructions on testing
5.1 The tests specified in this standard are all type tests. 5.2 The specimens shall be tested in the delivery state and under normal use conditions, unless otherwise specified. Concealed switches that do not comply with the requirements of specific product standards shall be tested together with their corresponding mounting boxes. 5.3 The test should be carried out in the order of the items in this standard at an ambient temperature of 15°C to 35°C, unless otherwise specified. In case of dispute, the test should be carried out at an ambient temperature of 20℃±5℃. 5.4 Switches marked with only one rated voltage and one rated current require 9 specimens. Use 3 specimens to carry out all relevant tests, but for the test of 19.2, use another group (the connection mode code--hereinafter referred to as the "code"--is 2, use two groups), each group of 3 test specimens sample, and the other three samples are used for the tests in Chapter 24. The tests of Chapter 24 may require 3 additional specimens. The tests of 13.15.1 and 13.15.2 each require 3 additional specimens of independent diaphragms or 3 additional specimens of switches equipped with diaphragms. For the test of 12.3.11, an additional sample of the switch equipped with screwless terminals is required, and the total number of screwless terminals in the additional sample is at least 5.
GB16915.1-1997
The test of 12.3.12 requires 3 additional switch specimens. In each specimen, only one clamping part is tested. The pull switch requires 3 more specimens to conduct the test of 20.9. Switches marked with two rated voltages and corresponding rated currents require 15 specimens. For switches marked with two combinations of rated voltage and rated current, all relevant tests except 19.2 require three samples for each combination. The test of 19.2 requires two sets (for the switch coded 2) Requires 4 sets) of 3 additional specimens per set. For switches marked 250/380V, test with the 380V switch. Instantaneous switches used to operate electric bells, electromagnetic remote switches or delay switches are not subject to the tests of 18.2\ and 19.2. Note: The number of specimens required for the test is shown in the table in Appendix A. 5.5 If any specimen exhibits sustained arc flash during any test of Chapter 18, or if a specimen fails the test of 24.1, or if a specimen fails more than one of the remaining tests, these switches are deemed to be The requirements of this standard are not complied with if no sustained arc flash occurs during any test of Chapter 18, and no specimen fails during the test of 24.1, but one specimen fails during the test of Chapter 18 or at any other time. If another form of failure occurs during the test, the test that caused the failure and the preceding tests that may have affected the test results shall be repeated on another set of specimens with the number specified in 5.4. During retest, all samples shall be qualified.
Note
1 Generally only the test that caused the failure needs to be repeated. However, if the sample fails the test in 19.1, retesting shall be started from the test in Chapter 18.
2 The applicant may submit additional samples while submitting the number of samples specified in 5.4, in case any sample fails to meet the requirements. In this way, the testing station can test additional samples without waiting for the applicant to request it again, and only if the failure occurs again, it will be judged as unqualified. If additional samples are not submitted at the same time, any unqualified sample will be deemed unqualified. 6 Ratings
6.1 The preferred rated voltages of the switch are: 130V, 250V and 440V17. The standard rated voltages of snap-action switches used to operate electric bells, electromagnetic remote switches or delay switches are 130V and 250V1). If other voltage ratings are used, the rated voltage should not be less than 120V. 6.2 The preferred rated current values ??of the switch are 6A, 10A, 16A, 20A, 25A, 32A, 40A and 63A. The rated current should not be less than 6A, but the rated current of instantaneous switches used to operate electric bells, electromagnetic remote switches or delay switches can be 1A, 2A and 4A. The rated current of the pull switch for small-capacity fixed lighting can be 4A2). Among switches with a rated current not exceeding 16A, except for switches code-named 3 and 03 and snap-action switches, the fluorescent lamp current rating of the remaining switches should be equal to the rated current of the switch. Testing with fluorescent lamps for switches with a rated current greater than 16 A but not greater than 25 A is optional. Check compliance with the requirements of 6.1 and 6.2 by observing the markings. 7 Classification
7.1 Switches are classified as follows.
7.1.1 Classification according to possible connection methods (see Figure 1): 1) IEC669-1 The original text here is "18.3", which is a misprint. 18.2 is an additional test for tungsten filament lamp load surge current that some switches are required to perform. However, the instantaneous switches listed in 5.4 are inductive loads and do not need to perform the test of 18.2. Adoption instructions:
11IEC original text is 130V, 230V, 250V, 277V, 380V, 400V, 415V and 440V21 "The rated current of the pull switch for small capacity fixed lighting may be 4A." This regulation is It is added based on the actual situation that my country still uses a large number of pull switches with a rated current of 4A. Note
Single-pole switch
Two-pole switch
Three-pole switch
Three-pole plus neutral switch
Dual-way switch
There is public access Line double-way switch
Double-way switch with one off position
Two-pole double-way switch
Dual-way reversing switch (or intermediate switch)
GB16915. 1-1997
1Two or more switches with the same or different code numbers can be installed on the same base. 2The code designation for switches with an off position also applies to push-button switches and momentary switches. 7.1.2 Classification according to the disconnection condition of the contacts:
switches with normal gap structure;
switches with small gap structure.
7.1.3 Classification according to the level of protection against electric shock: switches without shells;
switches with shells.
Codename
1
2
3
03
6
5
4|| tt||6/2
7
Note: Protection against electric shock for switches without housings is provided by the housing housing the switch. Encased switches are required to meet the requirements of Chapter 10. 7.1.4 Ordinary switches are classified according to the protection level against harmful water ingress, that is, switches with a protection level of IPX0; splash-proof switches with a protection level of IPX4;
anti-blowout switches with a protection level of IPX5.
Note
1 The term "ordinary" in this standard applies only to the level of protection against harmful ingress of water. The meaning of 2IP code can be found in GB4208.
7.1.5 Classification according to the starting method of the switch:
rotary switch;
flip switch;
rocker switch;
push button switch;| |tt|| Pull switch.
7.1.6 Classification according to the installation method of the switch:
surface-mounted switch;
concealed switch;
semi-concealed switch;||tt| |Panel switch;
Frame edge switch.
7.1.7 Classification according to the installation method determined by the structure: a switch that can remove the cover or cover plate without moving the wire (structure A); a switch that cannot remove the cover or cover plate without moving the wire (structure B). NOTE: If the switch has a base (main part) which cannot be separated from the cover or cover plate, and an additional plate for decorating the wall that can be removed without moving the wires is required to comply with the requirements of this standard, then only this additional plate The plate can meet the requirements for the cover and cover plate. This switch can be regarded as a Structure A switch.
7.1.8 Classification by terminal type:
A switch with screw terminals;
GB16915.1-1997
A switch only suitable for connecting hard wires Switches with screwless terminals; switches with screwless terminals suitable for connecting hard and flexible conductors. 7.2 Preferred combinations of switch pole numbers and ratings are shown in Table 1. Table 1
rated current
A
1, 2 and 4
6
10
16, 20, 25, 32, 40 and 63
8 mark
8.1 The switch should be marked with the following mark:
rated voltage
120V~250V
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
4
极|| tt||number
rated voltage
>250V
1
2
1
2
3|| tt||4
1
2
3
4
a rated current (A), or fluorescent lamp rated current (AX), or, If the two ratings are different, the combination of the two should be marked (see marking examples in 6.2 and 8.2);
rated voltage (V);
symbol of power supply nature; || tt||Name, trademark or identification mark of the manufacturer or seller; model number (can be a product catalog number);
Symbol of a small gap structure (when such a structure is present); a level of protection against harmful ingress of water (When this level is available). Note
1 If you still can’t see the connection method clearly when observing the switch, it is recommended to use the code number 7.1.1, which can be used as part of the model number. 2. If two or more switches with operating parts are installed on a base, it is recommended to mark them with codes, for example: 1+6 or 1+1+1. In addition, switches with screwless terminals that are only suitable for the connection of hard wires shall be marked to indicate that the instrument can be connected to hard wires. The above marking may be marked on the switch and/or the small package. 8.2 When using symbols, the following symbols should be used: Amperes (fluorescent lamp current)
(other currents)
Volts
..........||tt| |AC
neutral
.
..Ax
A
N
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.