Standard number: GB/T 35641-2017
Standard name: Basic technical requirements for engineering surveying
and mapping English name: Basic requirements for engineering surveying and mapping
Standard format: PDF
Release time: 2017-12-29
Implementation time: 2018-07-01
Standard size: 5.45M
Standard introduction: 1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic provisions of engineering surveying and mapping and basic technologies such as engineering topographic surveying and mapping, planning surveying, construction surveying and deformation surveying.
This standard applies to the technical design, operation implementation and other work of engineering surveying and mapping.
2 Normative reference documents
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. The following are dated reference documents, and only the dated versions are applicable to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest edition (including all amendments) shall apply to this document.
GB/T18316 Quality inspection and acceptance of digital surveying and mapping results
GB/T20257.1 National basic scale map diagram Part 1: 1:5000 1:1000 1:2000 topographic map diagram
GB/T20257.2 National basic scale map diagram Part 2: 1:5000 1:10000 topographic map diagram
GB/T24356 Quality inspection and acceptance of surveying and mapping results
GB50026 Engineering surveying specification
GB/T50353 Specification for Calculation of Building Area of ​​Construction Engineering
CJJ/T8 Specification for Urban Surveying and Measurement
CJJ61 Technical Code for Detection of Urban Underground Pipelines
CJJ/T73 Technical Specification for Satellite Positioning Urban Surveying In order to standardize engineering surveying and mapping work and better meet the needs of engineering construction and management, this standard is formulated in accordance with the "Surveying and Mapping Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Regulations on the Management of Surveying and Mapping Results of the People's Republic of China" and other laws and regulations, combined with the current production practice of engineering surveying and mapping and related technical development in China.
In this standard, engineering surveying and mapping refers to various surveying and mapping work in the stages of engineering planning, investigation, design, construction and use, and its purpose is to provide support and guarantee services for engineering construction and management. At present, China has issued a variety of technical standards related to engineering surveying and mapping, which respectively stipulate the technical requirements for different types of engineering surveying and mapping. This standard is based on the analysis and sorting of the common requirements of engineering surveying and mapping, and makes unified provisions for the time and space benchmarks, operation implementation and quality inspection of engineering surveying and mapping, as well as the basic technical indicators of topographic surveying and mapping, planning surveying, construction surveying, and deformation surveying. This standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009.
This standard is proposed by the State Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation
. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Geographic Information Standardization (SAC/TC230). The
drafting units of this standard are: Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Construction Comprehensive Survey Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing Surveying and Mapping Institute, Beijing China Construction Huahai Surveying and Mapping Technology Co., Ltd., China Power Construction Group Beijing Surveying and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing Urban Construction Surveying and Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Railway 16th Group Co., Ltd., PLA Information Engineering University, Tianjin Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan Surveying and Mapping Institute Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Guangzhou Urban Planning, Surveying and Design Institute, Nanjing Institute of Surveying and Mapping Co., Ltd., Institute of Surveying and Mapping Standardization of the State Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Beijing China National Institute of Surveying and Mapping Co., Ltd., Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping
The main drafters of this standard are: Yang Bogang, Wang Dan, Jia Guangjun, Duan Hongzhi, Zhang Shengliang, Wang Changhan, Li Zongchun, Zhang Haitao, Zhang Fenglu, Chen Haibing, Liu Dongqing, Ma Quanming, Wang Nuantang, Zhang Kun, Lin Hong, Lian Guangwei, Wang Houzhi, Chu Zhengwei, Liu Yi, Long Jiaheng, Yi Zhili, Ma Xiaoji, Chen Yijin, Zou Jiting, Zhang Baogang, Li Chi.
This standard specifies the basic provisions for engineering surveying and mapping and the basic technical requirements for engineering topographic surveying and mapping, planning surveying, construction surveying and deformation surveying. This standard applies to the technical design, operation implementation and other work of engineering surveying and mapping.

ICS07.040
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National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T35641—2017
Basic requirements for engineering surveying and mapping
Basic requirements for engineering surveying and mapping2017-12-29Promulgated
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
2018-07-01Implementation
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Normative reference documents
Terms and definitions
Basic provisions
Time and space benchmark
Surveying and mapping operation requirements
Quality inspection requirements
5 Engineering topographic surveying and mapping
General provisions
Control System survey
Topographic surveying
Section surveying
Underground space surveying
Underwater topographic surveying
Earthwork surveying
Planning surveying
General provisions
Controlling surveying
Line setting surveying
Land allocation surveying
Planning line setting surveying
Planning line verification surveying
Planning acceptance surveying
Sunshine measurement
Construction surveying
General provisions
Controlling surveying
Axis (middle) Line survey and design
Point layout
Elevation transfer
Construction inspection…
Completion measurement
8 Deformation measurement·
General provisions
Control measurement
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Monitoring point layout
Observation method
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This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. This standard was proposed by the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Geographic Information Standardization (SAC/TC230). GB/T35641—2017
Drafting units of this standard: Beijing Institute of Surveying, Mapping and Design, Construction Comprehensive Survey Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing Surveying Institute, Beijing China Construction Huahai Surveying and Mapping Technology Co., Ltd., China Power Construction Group Beijing Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing Urban Construction Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Railway 16th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., PLA Information Engineering University, Tianjin Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Guangzhou Urban Planning Survey and Design Institute, Nanjing Institute of Surveying, Mapping and Prospecting Co., Ltd., Institute of Surveying and Mapping Standardization of the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Beijing China National Nonferrous Metal Surveying and Mapping Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, and Beijing Society of Surveying and Mapping. The main drafters of this standard are: Yang Bogang, Wang Dan, Jia Guangjun, Duan Hongzhi, Zhang Shengliang, Wang Changhan, Li Zongchun, Zhang Haitao, Zhang Fenglu, Chen Haibing, Liu Dongqing, Ma Quanming, Wang Nuantang, Zhang Kun, Lin Hong, Lian Guangwei, Wang Houzhi, Chu Zhengwei, Liu Yi, Long Jiaheng, Yi Zhili, Ma Xiaoji, Chen Yijin, Zou Jiting, Zhang Baogang, Li Chi GB/T35641—2017
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In order to standardize engineering surveying and mapping work and better meet the needs of engineering construction and management, this standard is formulated in accordance with the "Surveying and Mapping Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Regulations on the Management of Surveying and Mapping Results of the People's Republic of China" and other laws and regulations, combined with the current production practice of engineering surveying and mapping and related technical development in my country.
In this standard, engineering surveying and mapping refers to various surveying and mapping work in the stages of engineering planning, investigation, design, construction and use, and its purpose is to provide support and guarantee services for engineering construction and management. Recently, my country has issued a variety of technical standards related to engineering surveying and mapping, which respectively stipulate the technical requirements of different types of engineering surveying and mapping. Based on the analysis and sorting of the common requirements of engineering surveying and mapping, this standard makes unified provisions for the time and space benchmarks, operation implementation and quality inspection of engineering surveying and mapping, as well as the basic technical indicators of topographic surveying and mapping, planning surveying, construction surveying and deformation measurement.
1 Scope
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Basic Technical Requirements for Engineering Surveying and Mapping
GB/T35641—2017
This standard stipulates the basic provisions for engineering surveying and mapping and the basic technical requirements for engineering topographic surveying and mapping, planning surveying, construction surveying and deformation measurement.
This standard applies to the technical design, operation implementation and other work of engineering surveying and mapping. 2 Normative Reference Documents
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T18316 Quality inspection and acceptance of digital surveying and mapping results GB/T20257.1 National basic scale map diagram Part 1: 1:5001:10001:2000 topographic map diagram GB/T20257.2 National basic scale map diagram Part 2: 1:50001:10000 topographic map diagram GB/T24356 Quality inspection and acceptance of surveying and mapping results GB50026 Engineering surveying specifications
GB/T50353 Specifications for calculation of building area of ​​construction projectsCJJ/T8 Urban surveying specifications
CJJ61 Technical regulations for urban underground pipeline detectionCJJ/T73 Technical specifications for satellite positioning urban surveying 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1
Engineering surveying and mapping
Engineering surveying
A general term for surveying and mapping work in the planning, investigation, design, construction and use stages of various projects, including topographic surveying, planning surveying, construction surveying, deformation surveying, etc.,
Planning document planningdocument
The basis for tasks such as alignment, land allocation, planning line setting, line verification, and acceptance issued by the urban and rural planning management department. 3.3
Planning survey planningsurvey
Surveying work that provides surveying and mapping support and services for the planning, design and planning management of urban and rural areas or projects based on planning documents, including alignment surveying, land allocation surveying, planning line setting surveying, planning line verification surveying, planning acceptance surveying, sunshine measurement, etc. 3.4
Alignment survey
Alignment survey
The abbreviation of alignment survey for urban planning roads, which refers to the surveying work to determine the plane position of urban planning roads. 1
GB/T35641—2017
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[CJJ/T8—2011, definition 2.1.11]
4 Basic provisions
4.1 Time and space datum
4.1.1 Engineering surveying and mapping should adopt the 2000 National Geodetic Coordinate System and the 1985 National Height Datum. When relatively independent plane coordinate systems and height datums are used, they should be linked with the national coordinate system and height datum. 4.1.2 The depth datum adopts the theoretical lowest tide surface in coastal waters and the design water level in inland waters. The depth datum and the national height datum are linked through leveling joint measurement with tide gauge stations. 4.1.3 The date of engineering surveying and mapping should adopt the Gregorian calendar, and the time should adopt Beijing time. 4.2 Requirements for surveying and mapping operations
4.2.1 In addition to complying with this standard, engineering surveying and mapping operations shall also comply with the provisions of relevant current national and industry standards. 4.2.2 Engineering surveying and mapping shall use mean error as the indicator of accuracy and twice the mean error as the limit error. 4.2.3 Instruments and equipment with statutory metrological verification requirements used in engineering surveying and mapping shall pass statutory metrological verification and be used within the validity period of the verification. Software used in engineering surveying and mapping shall be tested and verified. 4.2.4 Before the implementation of engineering surveying and mapping, a site survey and technical design shall be conducted. Technical design and its changes shall be approved before implementation. 4.2.5 During the implementation of engineering surveying and mapping, effective measures shall be taken to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment. 4.2.6After the completion of engineering surveying and mapping, a technical summary should be written, and the data should be sorted and filed as required. 4.2.7 The results of engineering surveying and mapping should comply with the requirements of laws and regulations, mandatory national standards and project technical design. The management of confidential results should comply with the current national regulations.
4.2.8 The engineering surveying and mapping observation data and its results can be processed, managed, visualized and used through the establishment of an information management system.
4.3 Quality inspection requirements
4.3.1 The inspection of engineering surveying and mapping results should implement the "two-level inspection, one-level acceptance" system. 4.3.2 The inspection is divided into process inspection and final inspection. They should be carried out independently. The acceptance should be organized and implemented by the project entrusting party. 4.3.3 The process results can only be transferred to the next process after they meet the specified quality requirements. If necessary, checkpoints should be set up in key processes and difficult processes.
4.3.4 The specific requirements for engineering surveying and mapping quality inspection should comply with the provisions of GB/T24356 and GB/T18316. 5 Engineering topographic surveying
5.1 General provisions
5.1.1 Engineering topographic surveying includes control surveying, topographic surveying, cross-section surveying, underground space surveying, underwater topographic surveying, earthwork surveying, etc.
5.1.2 In addition to complying with the provisions of this standard, engineering topographic surveying shall also comply with the requirements of GB50026 and other relevant national standards. 5.2 Control surveying
5.2.1 Plane control surveying
5.2.1.1 The layout of the plane control network shall follow the principle of hierarchical layout from the whole to the part. The first-level control network of the survey area should be laid out in one go, and the encrypted network can be laid out step by step, across levels, or expanded at the same level. 2
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GB/T35641—2017
5.2.1.2 The levels of plane control network can be divided into second, third, fourth and first, second, third and topographical. Plane control network measurement should be densely laid under the existing high-level plane control network in the region. 5.2.1.3 Plane control networks of various levels can be established according to the provisions of Table 1 using global navigation satellite system (GNSS) control network measurement, global navigation satellite system real-time dynamic (GNSSRTK) measurement, triangle network measurement, traverse measurement and other methods. Table 1 Methods for establishing plane control network
Level of control network
GNSS control network
Note: "Ten" in the table indicates the methods that can be used at this level, control network establishment method
Triangular network
GNSSRTK
5.2.1.4 The layout, observation, data processing, accuracy and other requirements of each level of plane control network shall comply with the provisions of GB50026.
5.2.2 Elevation control measurement
5.2.2.1 The level of elevation control measurement can be divided into the second-class manual
level elevation control network and the lower-level dense layout.
The elevation dense network should be laid out in accordance with the route
Leveling can be used for elevation control measurement
The data processing, accuracy and other requirements shall comply with GB5.3
Topographic surveying
level, fourth-class, fifth-class and map root. For height control measurement, it is advisable to have methods such as high-contour height measurement or GNSS height measurement in the survey area, control the layout of the network, observe 026 and the provisions of the relevant national industry standards in force. Topographic surveying and mapping products include digital line drawings, digital orthophotos, digital elevation models, digital surface models and three-dimensional models. 5.3.1
5.3.2 Digital terrain products with smaller scales, lower resolutions or fineness can be obtained by processing and processing existing digital terrain products with larger scales, higher resolutions or fineness through cartographic synthesis, reducing resolution or fineness, etc. 5.3.3 When using aerospace remote sensing images to produce digital terrain products, the ground resolution of the original image data should not be lower than the ground resolution required for the result data; the radiation resolution and image quality of the original image data should comply with the provisions of the relevant national standards in force. 5.3.4 The production of digital line drawings shall comply with the following provisions: a) The surveying and mapping elements of digital line drawings include measurement control points, water systems, settlements and facilities, transportation, pipelines, boundaries and political divisions, landforms, vegetation and soil quality, etc., which can be comprehensively selected according to the scale based on engineering requirements. The scale of digital line drawings can be determined according to urban and rural planning, engineering design stage and purpose:
b) The graphical expression of digital line drawings should comply with the provisions of GB/T20257.1 and GB/T20257.2; if necessary, new symbols can be added according to the rules determined therein, or special symbols can be quoted according to the industry specifications of specific engineering categories; c
Digital line drawings can be surveyed and mapped using total station digital mapping, GNSSRTK digital mapping, lidar mapping and other full field measurement methods or photogrammetry mapping methods, and the scale can be 1:500, 1:1000, 1:2000, 1:5000 or 1:10000, and can be adjusted when there are special needs. The basic contour interval of the digital line drawing shall be selected according to the terrain category (see Table 2) and shall not be greater than the provisions of Table 3. Contour lines may not be drawn in flat areas: Table 2
Classification of terrain categories
Terrain categories
Hills
Mountains
Basic contour interval of digital line drawing
Scale
1:1000
1:2000
1:5000
1:10000
Hills
The plane accuracy of the digital line drawing shall comply with the following provisions: Terrain category||tt| |Most ground slopes
0≥25
The mean error of the plane position of obvious terrain points relative to adjacent control points should not be greater than the provisions of Table 4; 1)
High mountainous areas
The unit is meter
For special difficult areas such as forests and hidden areas, the mean error of the plane position of obvious terrain points can be relaxed by 2
0.5 times the value specified in Table 4;
Scale
Strip topographic maps such as railways and roads or water conservancy project topographic maps can be based on the engineering scale. The program needs to adjust the accuracy index appropriately. Table 4 Plane accuracy of digital line drawing
Meanwhile, the plane position error of obvious ground objects
1:1000
1:2000
1:5000
1:10000
Hillary land
The elevation accuracy of digital line drawing shall meet the following requirements: Mountainous land
Unit is meter
High mountainous land
Urban built-up area and flat land with basic contour interval of 0.5m 1) In other areas, the mean elevation error of elevation annotation points at scales of 1:500, 1:1000 and 1:2000 relative to the adjacent control points should generally not be greater than 0.15 m; for areas with special requirements for measuring point categories, applicable accuracy indicators can be selected according to engineering needs; 2) In other areas, the elevation accuracy is measured by the mean elevation error of the contour interpolation point relative to the adjacent control point, and its value should not be greater than the provisions in Table 5. For concealed and difficult areas, the value specified in Table 5 can be relaxed by 0.5 times. Table 5 Digital line map contour interpolation point elevation accuracy Terrain category
Hillary
Mountainous
The production of digital orthophoto maps shall comply with the following provisions: 5.3.5
Digital orthophoto maps can be surveyed and mapped using methods such as photogrammetry and remote sensing measurement; Elevation error
GB/T35641—2017
The unit is basic contour interval||tt ||The scale of the digital orthophoto map should be 1:500, 1:1000, 1:2000, 1:5000, 1:10000, and its ground resolution b)
should not be lower than the requirements in Table 6;
The mean error of the plane position of the digital orthophoto map should be consistent with the accuracy of the digital line map of the same scale, and should not be greater than 0.5mm on the map for flat land and hilly land, and should not be greater than 0.75mm on the map for mountainous and high mountainous land. The edge difference of the ground feature image should not be greater than 0.3mm on the map. Table 6 Ground resolution scale of digital orthophoto map
1:1000
1:2000
1:5000
1:10000
The production of digital elevation model shall comply with the following provisions: a)
Ground resolution of digital orthophoto map
Digital elevation model can be established by photogrammetry, loss data generation and lidar measurement; digital elevation model is divided into specification levels according to the grid size of elevation data, and should comply with the provisions of Table 7: The accuracy of digital elevation model shall comply with the provisions of relevant national standards. Table 7 Specification level of digital elevation model and grid size specification level
5.3.7 The production of digital surface models shall comply with the following provisions a)
Digital surface models can be established using laser radar measurement methods; Grid size
Digital surface models are divided into specification levels based on grid size, point cloud density or point spacing, and should comply with the provisions of Table 8; The accuracy of digital surface models shall comply with the provisions of the current relevant national standards in meters
Units in meters
GB/T35641—2017
Specification level
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Table 8 Specification levels of digital surface models and grid size, point cloud density and point spacing Grid data
Grid size
5.3.8 The production of three-dimensional models shall comply with the following provisions: Average point spacing
Point cloud data
Density points
≥1/4
a) Three-dimensional models can be divided into models of terrain, building elements, transportation elements, water system elements, vegetation elements, underground space facilities, etc.; b) The geometric information and texture information of three-dimensional models can be obtained by comprehensive field measurement, laser radar measurement, photogrammetry, oblique photography and other methods, or by using large-scale topographic maps, image data, height data, texture photos and other basic data; c) The specific technical requirements for the production of three-dimensional models shall comply with the provisions of the relevant current national standards. 5.3.9 When the hard copy of engineering topographic surveying and mapping products is output, it is advisable to use map sheets as units. Topographic surveying products used in general projects should be output in units of regular sheets, and the inner frame size of the sheet should be 0.4m×0.5m or 0.5m×0.5m: Strip topographic surveying products such as railways and roads can be divided according to the center line or coordinate grid, and numbered in the order of the design line. 5.4 Section Surveying
5.4.1 Section surveying includes longitudinal section surveying and cross section surveying. 5.4.2 When the control point density does not meet the requirements, it should be encrypted or re-arranged. 5.4.3 Section surveying can be directly collected in the field by equipment such as level, total station or GNSS receiver, or it can be extracted from a digital elevation model that meets the accuracy requirements.
5.4.4 Longitudinal section surveying should be carried out on the basis of center line measurement. The important longitudinal section elevation points (such as rail top, bridge deck, road center, etc.) based on the design should improve the measurement accuracy.
5.4.5 When surveying cross sections, the direction of the cross section, the straight part should be perpendicular to the center line, and the curved part should be on the normal line: the width of the cross section should meet the design requirements: the number of cross sections can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the changes in terrain. 5.4.6 The longitudinal and cross section measurement data should be drawn into longitudinal and cross section diagrams according to the design requirements. The cross section diagram should be drawn using the rectangular coordinate method, with the horizontal coordinate representing the horizontal distance and the vertical coordinate representing the elevation. The longitudinal and cross section diagrams should use appropriate mapping scales based on the drawing content, the density of measuring points, and the length of the section. The elevation scale should be 10 to 20 times the horizontal scale to clearly indicate the undulating state of the terrain. 5.4.7 The results of cross section surveying include longitudinal section data files, cross section data files, longitudinal section diagrams and cross section diagrams. 5.5 Underground space surveying
5.5.1 The objects of underground space surveying include underground buildings, underground transportation facilities, integrated pipe corridors, underground pipelines, etc. 5.5.2 The surveying and mapping of underground space should ensure the consistency of the plane coordinate system and elevation benchmark of the ground and underground space through connection measurement. 5.5.3 The underground plane control measurement should adopt the wire measurement, and its accuracy levels can be divided into primary, secondary, tertiary and root. The underground elevation control measurement should be carried out by leveling or trigonometric height method, and its accuracy levels can be divided into third, fourth, fifth and root. 5.5.4 Before the surveying and mapping of underground space, it is advisable to collect and organize various existing data on underground space facilities, make a survey working base map and mark the location and related information of underground space facilities.
5.5.5 The surveying and mapping of underground space should investigate the type and purpose of facilities, the construction unit, the ownership unit, the building structure, the building form, the completion time, the use status and other information. The underground pipelines should also investigate the attributes such as pipeline type, material, pressure (voltage) of the transmitted material, and the flow direction of the gravity pipeline, so as to ensure the smooth operation of the underground space.
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