JB/T 9737.2-2000 Measurement method for solid particle contamination of hydraulic oil of truck crane and tire crane
Some standard content:
JB/T9737.2-2000
This standard is a revision of JB/T9737.2-1999 "Measurement Method for Solid Particle Contamination of Hydraulic Oil for Truck Cranes and Tire Cranes".
Compared with JB/T9737.2-1999, the main technical contents of this standard have been modified as follows: Chapter 8 Sampling, GB/T4756-1984 "Sampling Method for Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products (Manual Method)" and GB/T17489-1998 "Analysis of Hydraulic Particle Contamination - Extracting Liquid Samples from Working System Pipelines" are quoted; the particle counting method with grid filter membrane is adopted. JB/T9737 consists of three standards under the general title of "Hydraulic Oil for Truck Cranes and Tire Cranes". This standard, together with JB/T9737.1-2000 "Solid particle pollution level of hydraulic oil for truck cranes and tire cranes" and JB/T9737.3-2000 "Selection and replacement of hydraulic oil for truck cranes and tire cranes", constitute a series of standards for hydraulic oil for truck cranes and tire cranes.
This standard replaces JB/T9737.2-·1999 from the date of implementation. This standard is proposed and managed by Changsha Construction Machinery Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction. The drafting unit of this standard: Hunan Puyuan Group Co., Ltd. The main drafter of this standard: Meng Xialong.
This standard was first issued in November 1986 as ZBE39001-86, and the standard number was adjusted to JB/T9737.2-1999 in April 1999.
This standard is entrusted to Changsha Construction Machinery Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction for interpretation. 955
Machinery Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Method for Determination of Solid Particle Contamination in Hydraulic Fluid of Truck Cranes and Wheel Cranes
Truck crane and wheel crane-Determination of solid particle contamination in the hydraulic fluid1 Scope
JB/T9737.2—2000
Replaces JB/T9737.2--1999
This standard specifies the method for determining the size and number of solid particle contamination in hydraulic fluid by counting particles on the surface of the filter membrane using a microscope. This standard is applicable to the determination of solid particle contamination in hydraulic fluid for truck cranes and wheel cranes. Other machinery may also refer to it. 2 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. GB/T4756-1998 Sampling method for petroleum and liquid petroleum products (manual method) GB/T17489-1998 Hydraulic particle contamination analysis Extraction of liquid samples from working system pipelines JB/T9737.1-2000 Solid particle contamination level of hydraulic oil for truck cranes and tire cranes JGJ71-1990 Clean room construction and acceptance specifications 3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3.1 Square area
The area with a side length of 3.08mm engraved on the filter membrane. 3.2 Effective area bzxz.net
The area of the filter membrane open to the liquid flow when filtering the liquid. When using an M-50 filter, the effective area is the area of a circle with a radius R approximately equal to 20mm (when calculating, the radius R is taken as the measured average value). 3.3 Unit area
The unit area refers to the area enclosed by two adjacent longitudinal filter membrane grid lines in the horizontal plane and by two parallel lines drawn on the projection screen in the vertical plane. The size of the unit area is measured by a pre-calibrated eyepiece micrometer and is approximately 1/6 of the grid area. See Figure 1.
3.4 Subunit area
The definition of subunit area is the same as 3.3, which is approximately 1/20 of the grid area. See Figure 1. 3.5 Fiber
Particles with a length greater than 100 pm and an aspect ratio greater than or equal to 10:1. 4 Principle
A known volume of hydraulic oil is filtered through a filter membrane under a certain vacuum degree, and the dirt is collected on the surface of the filter membrane. Then the filter membrane is placed between two glass slides and examined under a microscope under transmitted light. The particles are counted according to their size range and the solid particle contamination level of the measured oil can be obtained by comparing with JB/T9737.1. 5 Apparatus and testing room
5.1 Apparatus
a) Binocular biological microscope (with a transmission light source with adjustable brightness, a special stage, and a self-mirror micrometer); b) A vacuum pump, capable of establishing a vacuum degree of 86.6 kPa; c) An electric oven, with a temperature of 100°C and adjustable temperature; d) A hand-held counter;
e) Spray bottle (with a micro filter);
f) Filter bottle (with an upper spout), with a capacity of 1000 mL; g) Liquid sample bottle, with a capacity of 250 ml, a wide-mouthed oblique shoulder with external threads, an engraved mark indicating the volume, and a plastic cap with internal threads and external pressure edges (the number is not less than 5);
h) Plastic film, with a thickness of 0.05 mm;||tt ||i) Chemical fiber filter membrane, 50mm in diameter, 0.8um pore size, white, engraved with squares, each square has a side length of 3.08mm and 50mm in diameter, 0.45μm pore size. Both filter membranes must be compatible with the analysis liquid and the cleaning liquid; j) M-50 filter (see Figure 2);
k) A funnel cover, which can be replaced by Petiris culture blood; 1) Stainless steel tweezers with non-serrated tips; m) Glass cover slip, 0.17mm thick, round, 50mm in diameter; n) Glass slide, 0.5mm thick, equilateral octagon with a side size of 54mm; o) Two long-necked filter flasks, with a capacity of 500~~1000mL, wide mouth with flange, and side opening near the bottleneck. 5.2 Testing room
The air cleanliness in the testing room should reach the 101~15° level specified in JGJ71-1990. There should be no open flames or even tiny sparks indoors or outdoors. The testing room should be ventilated to avoid inhaling harmful gases emitted by solvents. 6 Cleaning fluid and chemical solvents
6.1 Cleaning fluid
a) Distilled water or softened water (filtered through a 0.45um filter membrane); b) Liquid detergent without solid residue. 6.2 Chemical solvents
a) Isopropyl alcohol (without acetone) or ethanol (filtered through a 0.45μm filter membrane); b) Petroleum ether (boiling range 90°~120°, filtered through a 0.45μm filter membrane); c) Cedar oil (refractive index n=1.515, filtered through a 0.45μm filter membrane). 7 Equipment cleaning
The equipment used should be cleaned according to the following steps:
a) Brush with a mixture of warm water and liquid detergent; b) Rinse three times with warm water;
c) Rinse three times with distilled water or softened water, invert the container and drain the attached water droplets; d) Rinse three times with isopropyl alcohol or ethanol to remove moisture; e) Rinse three times with petroleum ether. After rinsing, the filter element should be inverted. Keep a small amount of solvent at the bottom of the liquid sample bottle and cover the bottle cap, and put a plastic film between the bottle mouth and the cap.
8 Sampling
JB/T 9737.2--2000
8.1 Sampling before adding hydraulic oil to the product working system shall comply with the provisions of GB/T4756. 8.2 Sampling from the product working system shall comply with the provisions of GB/T17489. Start the prime mover and make the hydraulic pump run at the highest speed allowed by the crane. Operate the reversing valve to make all hydraulic motors run forward and reverse, and all hydraulic cylinders move four times with full stroke. Set the reversing valve to the position where the hydraulic pump returns oil directly. Keep the hydraulic pump running at the rated speed specified by the crane, and then sampling can be carried out. 8.3 The liquid sample should be no less than 200mL.
9 Volume of the liquid sample to be tested
The liquid sample to be tested is generally 100mL±5mL. However, when the total particle count is greater than 105, the volume should be reduced to a level that can normally distinguish particles.
10 Preparation
10.1 Blank test
10.1.1 Use tweezers to remove the filter membrane with a pore size of 0.8um from the storage container, and rinse the upper and lower surfaces of the filter membrane with petroleum ether. 10.1.2 Place the filter membrane on the filter plate with the grid facing up and centered. 10.1.3 Place the filter cartridge and filter cover stably on the filter membrane and clamp it with a clamp. 10.1.4 Use a measuring tube to measure petroleum ether equal to the volume of the liquid sample and pour it into a clean liquid sample bottle, and shake it thoroughly. 10.1.5 Open the filter cover, pour half of the petroleum ether in the liquid sample bottle into the filter cartridge, and cover the filter cover. 10.1.6 Start the vacuum pump to form a certain vacuum degree in the filter bottle. When the liquid level in the filter cartridge drops to 20 mm, turn off the vacuum pump. Open the filter cover, shake the sample bottle thoroughly, and rinse the filter cartridge with the remaining half of the petroleum ether in a spiral trajectory along the inner wall, and cover the filter cover. 10.1.7
10.1.8 Start the vacuum pump again. When the liquid in the filter cartridge is completely sucked dry until the filter membrane is completely dried, turn off the vacuum pump. 10.1.9 Take two glass slides, rinse their upper and lower surfaces with petroleum ether, and add an appropriate amount of cedar oil to one of the slides so that the cedar oil forms a thin oil film on the slide.
10.1.10 Loosen the clamp, remove the filter cartridge and filter cover, and carefully clamp out the contaminated filter membrane with tweezers. The filter membrane must not tilt during the clamping process. Place the filter with the grid side facing upward on a glass slide coated with cedar oil, so that the filter becomes transparent after being soaked. Then move the filter horizontally on another glass slide. Align the filter and the slide as much as possible, and make the grid lines of the filter parallel to the corresponding four edges of the slide. To prevent contamination, cover the filter with a glass cover washed with petroleum ether. The test piece is now ready. 10.1.11 Gently place the test piece in the incubator, and then place it in the oven. Adjust the temperature to 55-60°C and keep it warm for 30 minutes. If time permits or there is a high requirement for the fixation of the test piece, the warming time can be extended. 10.1.12 After the drying stage is completed, remove it from the oven and let it cool. Make identification marks on the test piece and record them. 10.1.13 Count as described in Chapter 12. 10.1.14 The blank count result must meet the following two conditions at the same time: a) the number of particles greater than or equal to 5μm does not exceed 1000; b) it does not exceed 10% of the total number of particles in the liquid sample being tested. Otherwise, the apparatus must be cleaned again. The blank test must be repeated until the above two conditions are met. 10.2 Liquid sample filtration
10.2.1 Perform the operation according to 10.1.1 to 10.1.3. 10.2.2 Record the mark on the liquid sample bottle, remove its packaging or additional labels, but ensure the identification of the liquid sample. 10.2.3 Thoroughly clean the outside of the liquid sample bottle, especially the outside of the cap, with petroleum ether. After shaking the liquid sample bottle thoroughly for 2 minutes, unscrew the bottle cap and remove the plastic film.
10.2.4 Pour out 10mL of liquid sample, maintain the original pouring direction, pour 100mL of liquid sample into the measuring cylinder, and fill the actual volume into the particle counting table (see Table 1).
JB/T 9737.2-
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JB/T 9737.2—2000
10.2.5 Open the filter cover and pour all the liquid sample in the measuring cylinder into the filter cartridge. Inject 15-20mL of petroleum ether into the measuring cylinder, shake it thoroughly and slowly pour it into the filter cartridge along the inner wall. Repeat more than two times to ensure that there is no residual liquid sample in the measuring cylinder, and then cover the filter cover. 10.2.6 Perform the operation according to 10.1.6.
10.2.7 Open the filter cover and rinse the filter cartridge with petroleum ether in a spiral trajectory along the inner wall, and then cover the filter cover. 10.2.8 Perform the operation according to 10.1.8~10.1.12. 11 Calibration of Microscope
11.1 Place the objective micrometer on the microscope stage equipped with a 10x micrometer eyepiece and a 10x objective lens, and clamp it. 11.2 Adjust the 10x micrometer eyepiece so that the eyepiece micrometer scale lines are clear. 11.3 Adjust the stage and focus so that the objective micrometer scale lines are clear. 11.4 Align the zero scale of the eyepiece micrometer and the objective micrometer, and record the corresponding scale number on the objective micrometer corresponding to the end scale of the eyepiece micrometer.
11.5 Calculate the actual size value (um) represented by each scale of the eyepiece micrometer when using this optical combination. 11.6 Turn the objective lens converter and replace the 10x objective lens with the 20x and 40x objective lenses respectively. Perform operations according to 11.3 to 11.5 to calculate the actual size (μm) represented by each scale of the eyepiece micrometer when using the 20x and 40x objective lenses. 11.7 Re-check and recalibrate every year or when replacing optical components. 12 Liquid sample counting
12.1 Place the test piece on the microscope stage and focus on the polluted particles on the filter membrane at a low magnification, observe the pollutants on the effective area of the filter membrane, and check whether the polluted particles are in a normal distribution state. If the distribution is uneven, it is necessary to re-make the piece or count the entire effective area. 12.2 Particle size classification and required magnification and its optical combination (see Table 2). 12.3 Statistical counting
12.3.1 In order to measure the total number of polluted particles in each size range, the polluted particles in several squares can be counted, and then the total number of polluted particles representing the effective filtration area of the filter membrane can be calculated using statistical methods. Table 2
Particle size range μm
Magnification
Optical combination
Eyepiece magnification
Objective magnification
If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be 1 to 50, the entire filtration area should be counted. 12.3.2
12.3.3If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be 51 to 1000, count the particles in 20 squares. 12.3.4If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be 1001 to 5000, count the particles in 10 squares. 12.3.5If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be more than 5000, count the particles in 10 unit areas. 12.3.6 If the particle density is very high and the number of particles of a certain size range in any unit area is more than 50, count the particles in 10 sub-unit areas.
JB/T 9737.2-2000
12.3.7 When the particles are on the upper boundary line and the left boundary line of the grid, they should be counted. When the particles are on the lower boundary line and the right boundary line, they are not counted in the grid.
12.3.8 The counting method is shown in Figure 3. Fill in the number of particles measured from each area into Table 1. 12.3.9 Calculate the items in Table 1 and compare them with JB/T9737.1 to obtain the solid particle contamination level of the liquid sample being tested. 308
Microscope field of view
Graduation of the graticule
Figure 1 Grid, unit area and subunit areaUnit area
Subunit area
Connect to vacuum pump C
JB/T9737.2
Glue case
Figure 2 Filter device and filter membrane
Figure 3 Counting method
Diameter $40mm6Perform the operation according to 10.1.6.
10.2.7Remove the filter cover, rinse the filter cartridge with petroleum ether in a spiral trajectory along the inner wall, and cover the filter cover. 10.2.8Perform the operation according to 10.1.8~10.1.12. 11Calibration of the microscope
11.1Place the objective micrometer on the microscope stage equipped with a 10x micrometer eyepiece and a 10x objective lens, and clamp it properly. 11.2Adjust the 10x micrometer eyepiece so that the eyepiece micrometer scale lines are clear. 11.3Adjust the stage and focus so that the objective micrometer scale lines are clear. 11.4Align the zero scale of the eyepiece micrometer and the objective micrometer, and record the corresponding scale number on the objective micrometer corresponding to the end scale of the eyepiece micrometer.
11.5Calculate the actual size value (um) represented by each scale of the eyepiece micrometer in this optical combination. 11.6 Turn the objective lens converter and replace the 10x objective lens with the 20x and 40x objective lenses respectively. Operate according to 11.3 to 11.5 to calculate the actual size (μm) represented by each scale of the eyepiece micrometer when using the 20x and 40x objective lenses. 11.7 Re-check and calibrate every year or when replacing optical components. 12 Liquid sample counting
12.1 Place the test piece on the microscope stage and focus on the pollutant particles on the filter membrane at a low magnification. Observe the pollutants on the effective area of the filter membrane and check whether the pollutant particles are in a normal distribution state. If the distribution is uneven, it is necessary to re-make the piece or count the entire effective area. 12.2 Particle size classification and required magnification and its optical combination (see Table 2). 12.3 Statistical counting
12.3.1 In order to measure the total number of pollutant particles in each size range, the pollutant particles in several squares can be counted, and then the total number of pollutant particles representing the effective filtration area of the filter membrane can be calculated by statistical methods. Table 2
Particle size range μm
Magnification
Optical combination
Eyepiece magnification
Objective magnification
If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be 1 to 50, the entire filtration area should be counted. 12.3.2
12.3.3If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be 51 to 1000, count the particles in 20 squares. 12.3.4If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be 1001 to 5000, count the particles in 10 squares. 12.3.5If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be more than 5000, count the particles in 10 unit areas. 12.3.6 If the particle density is very high and the number of particles of a certain size range in any unit area is more than 50, count the particles in 10 sub-unit areas.
JB/T 9737.2-2000
12.3.7 When the particles are on the upper boundary line and the left boundary line of the grid, they should be counted. When the particles are on the lower boundary line and the right boundary line, they are not counted in the grid.
12.3.8 The counting method is shown in Figure 3. Fill in the number of particles measured from each area into Table 1. 12.3.9 Calculate the items in Table 1 and compare them with JB/T9737.1 to obtain the solid particle contamination level of the liquid sample being tested. 308
Microscope field of view
Graduation of the graticule
Figure 1 Grid, unit area and subunit areaUnit area
Subunit area
Connect to vacuum pump C
JB/T9737.2
Glue case
Figure 2 Filter device and filter membrane
Figure 3 Counting method
Diameter $40mm6Perform the operation according to 10.1.6.
10.2.7Remove the filter cover, rinse the filter cartridge with petroleum ether in a spiral trajectory along the inner wall, and cover the filter cover. 10.2.8Perform the operation according to 10.1.8~10.1.12. 11Calibration of the microscope
11.1Place the objective micrometer on the microscope stage equipped with a 10x micrometer eyepiece and a 10x objective lens, and clamp it properly. 11.2Adjust the 10x micrometer eyepiece so that the eyepiece micrometer scale lines are clear. 11.3Adjust the stage and focus so that the objective micrometer scale lines are clear. 11.4Align the zero scale of the eyepiece micrometer and the objective micrometer, and record the corresponding scale number on the objective micrometer corresponding to the end scale of the eyepiece micrometer.
11.5Calculate the actual size value (um) represented by each scale of the eyepiece micrometer in this optical combination. 11.6 Turn the objective lens converter and replace the 10x objective lens with the 20x and 40x objective lenses respectively. Operate according to 11.3 to 11.5 to calculate the actual size (μm) represented by each scale of the eyepiece micrometer when using the 20x and 40x objective lenses. 11.7 Re-check and calibrate every year or when replacing optical components. 12 Liquid sample counting
12.1 Place the test piece on the microscope stage and focus on the pollutant particles on the filter membrane at a low magnification. Observe the pollutants on the effective area of the filter membrane and check whether the pollutant particles are in a normal distribution state. If the distribution is uneven, it is necessary to re-make the piece or count the entire effective area. 12.2 Particle size classification and required magnification and its optical combination (see Table 2). 12.3 Statistical counting
12.3.1 In order to measure the total number of pollutant particles in each size range, the pollutant particles in several squares can be counted, and then the total number of pollutant particles representing the effective filtration area of the filter membrane can be calculated by statistical methods. Table 2
Particle size range μm
Magnification
Optical combination
Eyepiece magnification
Objective magnification
If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be 1 to 50, the entire filtration area should be counted. 12.3.2
12.3.3If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be 51 to 1000, count the particles in 20 squares. 12.3.4If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be 1001 to 5000, count the particles in 10 squares. 12.3.5If the number of particles in a certain size range within the effective filtration area is estimated to be more than 5000, count the particles in 10 unit areas. 12.3.6 If the particle density is very high and the number of particles of a certain size range in any unit area is more than 50, count the particles in 10 sub-unit areas.
JB/T 9737.2-2000
12.3.7 When the particles are on the upper boundary line and the left boundary line of the grid, they should be counted. When the particles are on the lower boundary line and the right boundary line, they are not counted in the grid.
12.3.8 The counting method is shown in Figure 3. Fill in the number of particles measured from each area into Table 1. 12.3.9 Calculate the items in Table 1 and compare them with JB/T9737.1 to obtain the solid particle contamination level of the liquid sample being tested. 308
Microscope field of view
Graduation of the graticule
Figure 1 Grid, unit area and subunit areaUnit area
Subunit area
Connect to vacuum pump C
JB/T9737.2
Glue case
Figure 2 Filter device and filter membrane
Figure 3 Counting method
Diameter $40mm
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