This standard specifies the basic command set for interactive retrieval of data from a retrieval system and the types of responses expected from the system. This standard is intended for use by designers and users of information retrieval systems, including tools for accessing and searching computerized library catalogs and databases. This standard does not restrict other types of user-system interactions, such as menu-based, natural language interfaces, or the use of non-standard command languages. Compared with this standard, some retrieval systems may have fewer functions than this standard, and some systems may have additional functions, such as command names, operators, qualifiers, and qualification techniques. These additional functions and the resulting response types must be consistent with the provisions of this standard. GB/T 19689-2005 Information and Documentation Interactive Text Retrieval Command Set GB/T19689-2005 Standard Download Decompression Password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the basic command set for interactive retrieval of data from a retrieval system and the types of responses expected from the system. This standard is intended for use by designers and users of information retrieval systems, including tools for accessing and searching computerized library catalogs and databases. This standard does not restrict other types of user-system interactions, such as menu-based, natural language interfaces, or non-standard command languages. Compared with this standard, some retrieval systems may have fewer functions than this standard, and some systems may have additional functions, such as command names, operators, qualifiers, and qualification techniques. These additional functions and the resulting response types must be consistent with the provisions of this standard.

ICS35.240.30
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 19689-2005/ISO8777:1993
Information and documentation
Information nation and documentation-Commands for interactive text searching(IS0 8777:1993,IDI)
Published on March 23, 2005
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Administration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
Implemented on October 1, 2005
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GB/T 19689--2005/1ISO 8777: 1993 This standard is equivalent to the national standard ISO8777:1993 "Information and Documentation Interactive Text Retrieval Command Set"
This standard makes some modifications to the international standard ISO8777 in terms of the meaning [: suitable for national conditions, and the technical content has not been changed. Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C of this standard are informative appendices. This standard is proposed by the Fourth Technical Committee of the National Information and Documentation Standardization Technical Committee. This standard is promoted by the National Information and Documentation Standardization Technical Committee Hongkou. The main drafting unit of this standard: China Information Center. The main drafters of this standard are Cai Zhiyong and Jin Chao. 1 Scope
GB/T19689—2005/ISO 8777:1993 Information and Documentation Interactive Text Retrieval Command Set This standard specifies the basic technical command set for interactive retrieval of retrieval system data and the response type expected by the system. This standard is for designers and users of information retrieval systems. Information retrieval systems include computerized library catalogs and database access and search tools.
This standard does not restrict other types of user-system interactions, such as menu-based, natural language interfaces, and non-standard command languages.
Compared with this standard, some retrieval systems may have fewer functions than this standard: some systems may have additional functions, such as command names, operators, qualifiers, and restriction techniques. These additional functions and the types of responses they produce must be consistent with the provisions of this standard. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents are generally the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated references, the latest versions apply to this standard. GB/T 1988-1998 Information technology - Seven-bit coded character set for information interchange (eqVIS(3/1LC:646:1991)IS()/IEC646:1991 Information technology: Seven-bit coded character set for information interchange 3 Terms and definitions
The terms in this standard reflect the viewpoints of search users rather than computer technology or engineering. For this reason, this standard uses the following terms.
Basic index
The index used by the system when no search field is specified. 3.2
Command expression
Command expression
Used to complete a complete request for a function. 3.3
Command name command nane
Special reserved word or abbreviation used to start a command statement. 3.4
Command expression comaandspecificatijors A string of characters after the command name that specifies what the command statement does and what it does. 3.5
Connector cornector
Symbol for connecting search terms and qualifiers:
Default value default
1) When the meaning of a standard command name conflicts with this standard, the meaning of the command name in this standard shall prevail. GB/T 19689--2005/IS0 8777,1993 Use \ When no value is specified, the value automatically assigned by the system. 3.7
Field
Structured data processed as a unit, used to store specific types of data, is a subset of records. 3.8
field label
A unique string that identifies a specific field defined in a record. 3.9
masking
A specified character that represents any one or more characters, unknown characters, or spaces in a search term. 3.10
operator
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A reserved word or symbol that specifies the relationship between two search terms in a search, including Boolean operators, positional operators, and range operators. 3. 10.1
Boolean operators
An operator that represents the logical relationship between two search terms or search terms, such as AND, NOT, and OR. 3.10.2
Proximity operator
An operator that represents the distance and position between two search terms. 3.10.3
ranging operator
an operator used to specify a range of consecutive values ​​between two search terms. 3.11
parameter
a variable which, for a given application, takes a constant value and may indicate the application (see TS02382-2). 3.12
qualifier
a parameter which restricts or indicates the range of values ​​of a given variable. 3.13
record
a data set which is processed as a unit and consists of several fields. 3.14
reserved word
a word, abbreviation or symbol which has a specific meaning and is explicitly defined in the command language. 3.15
frestoration mark
restore
a symbol which restores the literal meaning of a specific reserved word. 3.16
resultset
The set of records retrieved by a search statement.
result set identifier
result set identifier
The identifier assigned to a result set by the system or user, which is equivalent to the search statement identifier assigned to the corresponding search statement. 3.18
search
GB/T19689—2005/1S0 8777:1993 The process of interactively searching a database by a computer when a user is looking for the information he or she requires. 3.19
searchelement2
It can be a Boolean combination of a search element, a search closure and its qualifiers (including implicit forms), a result set identifier, or a search term selected from the displayed results obtained by the SCANRELATE command statement. 3.20
search terms search stalemen
command expressions for FIND commands,
search statement identifier searchstatementidentifler a tag assigned by the system to each search statement, 3.22
search strategy searchstrategy
a series of command expressions that contain various database selection commands, index commands, search commands, and display commands. 3.23
search terms search term\
a word or set of words that the FIN command instructs the system to search for. It contains search and positional operators, but does not contain Boolean operators, range operators, and qualifiers.
search terms search term
a word that the system can search for.
separator
a space, comma, semicolon, or parenthesis that separates the components of a command statement. 3.26
Session sessinn
All transactions between a user and the system from login to offline. 3.27
Prohibited words
stpword
A specific database document index with prohibited words 3.28
Thesaurus
A collection of words that represent synonyms, hierarchies, relatedness, and affiliations, whose function is to provide an established controlled vocabulary for information storage and retrieval.
Trimming iruncatlon
A special form of word/character masking performed at either end of a word. 2) The search terms are defined in 3.23.
3) The meaning of the words is defined in 3.30 and the meaning of the search terms is defined in 3.22. GB/T19689—2005/IS0 8777:19933.30
Word wnrt
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A character or multiple characters separated by a separator, which can be a letter, a number, or a symbol (including no characters). 4 General Principles
4.1 Implementation
This standard does not specify how system designers implement the functions described in this standard. Command functions and requested system responses are described from the user's point of view.
4.2 Conformance
In recognizing and responding to each command specified in this standard, the information retrieval system shall be consistent with this standard. When a function cannot be implemented, the system responds to inform the user. 4.3 Command Structure
This standard uses the following general command structure: Command Description=Command Name Command Expression
Begins with a command name or its abbreviation, and does not necessarily have a command expression. 4.4 Command Name
4.4.1 Overview
Command names are internationally used in language to describe the functions to be performed. See the table for a list of command names. The following shall be used to select command names or to form additional command names: a) The number of command names shall be kept to a minimum; h) Verbs shall be used first;
(): Command names shall be as self-expressive as possible. 4. 4. 2 Command name abbreviations
Command name abbreviations shall be right truncated. This standard defines the standard abbreviation of command names as the first three characters (see Appendix A): The system shall be able to accept both the full name and the abbreviation of the command name. The system can accept any abbreviation form within the range from a single start symbol to the full command name without causing misunderstanding. If misunderstanding is caused by the user's abbreviation, the system will respond and request a more complete command name form that will not cause misunderstanding. 4.5 Composition and format of command expressions
4.5. 1 Composition
A command expression contains the following user-provided data: a) Validation:
b) System-defined qualifiers (such as field tags): c) Record or format identifiers:
d) Word identifiers (such as word identifiers generated by SCAV or RELAIE command expressions); e) Boolean operators, positional operators and range operators defined in this standard; () General symbols:
g) Result set identifier,
If the command expression lacks necessary details, the system will respond and ask the user to provide the necessary information or the system will operate according to pre-set default values.
4.5.2 Format
This standard specifies the order and format of the components in a command statement. 4.6 Character abbreviations
4) See the appendix for commonly used segment markers.
GB/T 19689--2005/ISO 8777 : 1993 This standard uses the 1-bit encoding specified in GB/T 1988-1998. All symbols or special characters are quoted in the above encoding. Systems that can provide the same or equivalent graphic symbols using other encodings may also be used. 4.7 Characters
Both uppercase and lowercase character systems of the user are acceptable. 4.8 Delimiters
4.8.1 Spaces
Spaces are very important and are used to separate the components of a command statement: there should be a space between the command name and the command expression. Systems that conform to this standard should treat multiple spaces as if they were a single space as a separator. 4.8.2 Comma
Commas (.) are used as special delimiters to separate two or more identical command components, such as qualifiers (such as word marks) or record identifiers (: record numbers). The system should treat any combination of spaces and commas as a single comma. Commas in the text of data fields are not treated as delimiters, such as conversion names in the author field. In other cases, when commas conflict with the rules of this standard, the recovery character is used to replace the text nature of the comma. 4.8.3 Semicolon
Semicolons (;) are used to separate multiple command statements in a defined order; for command stacking, semicolons should be used when several commands are submitted to the system as a single transaction. 4.8.4 Parentheses
Parentheses are implicit delimiters, that is, spaces are not required before the left parenthesis, the right parenthesis, or the space immediately after the parenthesis is insignificant. Use parentheses to precisely specify the units in a search statement to ensure that operations are performed in the predetermined order. 5 Command Name
The exact command names specified in this standard are shown in Table 1, and detailed in Chapters 6 to 17. Table] Basic Command Name
In Application
User Help
Data Selection
Review
Thesaurus Scan
Expression Commands
Saving and Adjusting Search Strategies
User Defined Functions
Session End
6 User Help
6.1 System Guide: INFO
Command Name
REVIEW
HOWAREN
RELATE
DELETE
PEFINE
Unspecified
Notes
6. 1. 1 The INFO command is used to obtain information about the system, database, or other features. This information is consistent at all times during the session.
GB/T 19689—2005/ISO 8777:1993TYKAONIKAca-
6.1.2 The INFO command may have a command expression or not. When you type INFO, the system will display a list of available topics.
6.1.3 Only one topic can be specified in the command expression. If the topic specified by the user is not available, the system will display a list of available topics.
6.1.4 See C.1.1 for examples of the use of INFO. 6.2 Conversation Guide, HEL
6.2. The HELP command is designed for users to obtain online help and guidance information during a conversation. 6.2.2 HELP does not necessarily require a command expression. This standard does not define a command expression. 6.2.3 For the use of the HELP command, see C.1.2. 6.3 Search History; REVIEW
The REVIFW command is used to review the search terms and search statements that were entered during the session and are still available. The REVIEW command can have one or no command expression. When RFVIEW is linked, the system will provide a list of all search statements entered during the session, including the number of hit records for each search statement and the search statement identifier or result set identifier. The following command expressions can be used:
a) Search statement identifier: The search statement identified by the command is reviewed, including their number of hit records. The identifier can be a range from 1 to mt.
b) SAVE - saved search strategy identifier: call a saved search strategy, but do not execute it. For an example of the use of the REVIEW command, see C.1.3www.bzxz.net
6. 4 Numbering; ≤number>
Numbers or other means should be used to identify: a) search statements:
h) search results displayed in response to SCAN or REL.ATE command statements: search hits;
) print command statements;
e) saved searches.
The specific format of the identifier may vary from system to system. Each series should be marked separately and, if numeric, should be arranged in order.
7 Page turning
7. 1 Forward: FORWARD
In any practical application, FORWARD can be used to browse to subsequent data, or to browse to subsequent data of a displayed data or item in a list.
FORWARD can have a command expression or not. If there is no command expression, the system will use the default value. The following are the command expressions that can be used in the FORWARD command statement: a) >: n is a positive integer, and it moves forward by screen or page;
b) REC n>: n is a positive integer, and it moves forward by n records regardless of the number of screens or pages. FORWARD cannot replace search statements or other command statements. The FORWARD command is usually used after executing the DIS-PL.AY, RFI.ATF, RFVIFW or SCAN command statements.And after other command statements whose response results occupy several screens or pages.
Forward to command usage examples are shown in C, 2.1. 7.2 Back, 8ACK
In any practical application, the BACK command can be used to browse the previous data, or browse the data that has been displayed in a list or the data of the item.
GB/T19689—2005/ISO 8777:1993BACK command can have a command expression or not. If there is no command expression, the system will use the default value. The following are the command expressions that can be used for BACK command statements: a! n is a positive integer, backs up screens or pages:
h) RECn>: n is a positive integer, regardless of the number of records or pages, it will back up n records. The BACK command cannot replace the search statement or other command statements. The BACK command is usually used after executing a DISPLAY, REI.ATE, REVIEW or SC.AN command statement, as well as after other command statements that respond to results using a screen or page. For examples of the use of the BACK command, see C.2.2. 8 Database selection; BASE
The BASE command is used to select the database to be searched. The BASE command can have a command expression or not. When the BASE command is typed, the system responds with a list of available databases and instructions for selecting one or more databases. When the BASE command has a command expression, the system first confirms the selected database name and then gives its time range.
Database names are system-dependent
If multiple databases can be accessed simultaneously, use backslashes to separate the database names in the command expression. Database names representing groups of databases are acceptable, and shield characters are used in the database name. See C.3 for examples of using the BASE command. 9 Search formula: FINE 9.1 Overview The FINE command is used to create a search formula to search one or more databases: 9.2 Search statements The FINE command must have a command expression called a search query. A search statement consists of one or more search terms. Search terms - search terms Search terms A search term consists of the following terms or terms: (a) a Boolean combination of a search term or a result set to be searched in the same index and its qualifiers (which may be implicit): (b) a range expression with qualifiers: (c) a result set identifier: (d) a query identified by a SCAV or REI.ATE command statement A search term contains search terms and position operators, but does not contain display operators, range operators, and qualifiers. Example [
Command Pei Mi
FIND s/ AND (mark ! iwain OR saurue: ! elemens! AND TI.SU-lun sawyes AND) IDA LT 1gOO Where:
Command name is FIND
Search word is
sarmuel
elemarns
sawyer
Search word is
B/T19689-2005/IS08777:1993
nar (wair
samel ! elemner2s
ton sawyer
Search item is
(nRml!le
TI.sL-wm sawyer
DA LT ISU?
Command expression or search statement
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s4 AND (mark ! twsin (R samues 1 clenens) AND Tl.SU-- tom sawyer AND DA LT Ig00Example 2:
Command expression
FIND 3 ANI (China OR People's Republic of China) ANL TI-Automobile carburetor AND [A GT G Among them:
Command name is FINL
Search station
People's Republic of China
Carburetor
Keyword
People's Republic of China
Automobile?Carburetor
Search item is
(China People's Republic of China)
TI=Automobile carburetor
DA GT 199C
Command expression or case statement
s3AN (China OR People's Republic of China)AN bamboo T-carburetorANDDAGT1990For more examples, see C.4.1.
9.3 Recovery character
If a reserved command name, abbreviation, operation or symbol is used as a search term, it must be enclosed in recovery character double quotes (\\) to restore its literal meaning.
For examples of the use of recovery characters, see, 1, 2.
9. 4 Character masking31
There are two characters that can be used to perform character masking and truncation. In any case, the masking character should be embedded in the masking position without any space. There is no space between several masks of the same type. Different masks can be used in different places in a word. 9.4.1 Masking a specified number of characters
≠ means masking a word box. The number of represents the number of masked characters. For examples of its use, see C. 4. 3.1.
5) For systems that support Chinese characters, it can also refer to the masking of Chinese characters. 9.4.2 Masking a variable number of characters
GB/T 19689—2005/IS 8777:1993? indicates that the number of masked characters is unlimited. n indicates that the number of masked characters ranges from zero to n, which is an integer
. For examples of its use, see (4.3.2.
9.4.3 Response
The system's response to a request containing a masking character is: a) the result of combining all words that meet the masking condition with the Boolean operator (R: or b) a list of words that meet the masking condition.
If the default response of the nested system is b), then AI.I should be entered before the masking call, and the system will respond a?. 9.5 Operators
9.5.1 Boolean Operators
The AND, NOT, and R logical operators are used to connect search terms, result sets, or result sets of a search using the RELATE.SCAN command. They can also be used to connect arbitrary terms. Brackets are used to ensure that the operations are performed in a predetermined order. The logical operation enclosed by the lowest level of brackets is performed first. Search terms can be nested, that is, the search terms themselves contain operators, or the search terms can be previous search terms or result set identifiers. Boolean operator components are processed from left to right according to the logical combination. Examples of the use of Boolean operators are shown in C.4.4.1.9.5.2 Range Operators
The operators (or GT), (or 11), = (or EQ), (or NE), - (or GF), - (or 1E), and - (or TO) are used to assign ranges to the values ​​of search term parameters. If alphabetic forms (such as GT, LF, etc.) are used, spaces should be placed before and after them. The spaces on both sides of symbolic operators (such as, etc.) are ignored. Operator 1 (or T()) includes the start value and the end value. Either end of the connected value can be empty, that is, no value is entered. Examples of the use of range operators are shown in 4.4.2. 9.5.3 Positional operators
9.5.3.1 Overview
Positional operators are used to specify the relative position and distance between two search words or search terms. This standard specifies the three positional operators
. The operators are executed from left to right. Positional operators and search terms must be separated by spaces. This standard does not make special provisions for the treatment of banned words (topwords) or "common" words. 9.5.3.2 Sequence of words
Direct sequence refers to the order of the words being directly adjacent. The positional operator used is a single space. Multiple spaces are treated as single spaces.
Direct sequence position operator usage examples are shown in C 1.4.3.19.5.3.3 Specifying word order
position operator ! is used to specify the exact word order between search words in a search statement. A ! between two words indicates that they are directly adjacent in the order in which they are typed; ! \ is used to specify the maximum number of words between two words in a search statement, \ is a positive integer, and the order of the words is the order of the keystrokes.
Specifying frequency sequence position operator usage examples are shown in C.4.4.3.2.9.5.3.4 Unspecified order
The positional operator is used between two words without specifying the order. A % between two words means that the two words are close to each other but do not change their order. % is used to specify the maximum number of words between two words. It does not specify the order and must be a positive number. For examples of the use of unspecified positional operators, see (4.4.3, 3. GB/T 19689---2005/ISO 8777: 19939.5.4 Operator operation priority
The priority is as follows:
a) Symbol mask:
b) Positional operator (from left to right):
e) Boolean operator (from left to right). See C.4.4.4 for examples of operator precedence. 9.6 Qualifiers
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Qualifiers precede the search terms and are connected to the search terms with =. They can also be connected to the search terms with the range operator. Qualifiers are used to specify the search for a specific index or text unit (such as a word or paragraph). The available qualifiers and their types depend on the system and database, and are not specified by this standard; but when qualifiers can be used, they must be consistent with the mode described in this standard. If no qualifier is specified, the default index is searched. There is a special method for selecting the default index, which is not specified by this standard. When multiple qualifiers are used at the same time, they must be separated by commas. The result set is a combination of each qualifier using the Boolean operator OR. Each specified qualifier should operate on the complete logical form of the search term. In the absence of brackets, qualifiers should only be used before the next Boolean operator. See C.4.5 for examples of the use of qualifiers.
10 Index Scanning: SCAN
The SCAV command is used to browse adjacent spaces in alphabetical or other order. The SCAN command may or may not have a command expression. When the SCAN command is typed alone, the system displays the base index or default index word list from the beginning, or displays the dictionary file. A single search term can be used as a command expression for the SCAN command to specify the position at which the index term is to be displayed. If no matching term is found for the specified term, the system displays the sequence position where the term may be found. The command expression can optionally contain a qualifier, which precedes the search term and is connected by a . Only one qualifier can be specified at a time. If there is no search term after the qualifier, the system displays the sequential list of the specified index from the beginning in alphabetical or other order. When the user types a qualifier that is ambiguous or not accepted by the system, the system suggests available qualifiers to the user. The terms displayed by the system in response to the SC.AN command shall have an identifier (such as a sequence number) for later reference. After the system displays a list of terms in response to the SCAN command, one or more terms may be selected from the list for use in a FIND command. The system shall accept identifiers in place of search terms and may use a hyphen to indicate the range of identifiers. See L.6 for examples of the use of the SCAN command.
11 Vocabulary Scanning: RELATE
The RELATE command is used to browse logically related terms in a thesaurus, classification, or other hierarchical table. The RELATE command must have a command expression and may specify only one search term at a time. The command expression may include term relationships (such as superordinate or subordinate). The term relationships take the form of prefix qualifiers connected to the search terms by an equal sign. Only AND relationships can be specified at a time, so only one prefix can be specified.
The terms displayed by the system in response to the RFI.ATF command shall have an identifier (such as a sequence number) for later reference. After the system displays a list of terms in response to the REI.ATE command, one or more terms may be selected from the list for use in a FIN1 command.
For databases without a categorical table or a hierarchical table, the system's response to the RELATE command should be "not applicable". See C. 6, 12 Output commands: SHOW, PRINT
12.1 Overview
The SHOW and FRINT commands can be used to extract the found records:
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