Some standard content:
Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China SY5510—92
Common Terms in Oilfield Chemistry
Issued on November 3, 1992
Ministry of Energy of the People's Republic of China
Implemented on April 1, 1993
Subject Content and Scope of Application
Drilling and Well Completion
Improved Oil Recovery
Appendix A
Chinese Index (reference).
Appendix B English Index (reference).
1 Subject Content and Scope of Application
Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China Common Terms in Oilfield Chemistry
This standard specifies the common terms in oilfield chemistry. This standard applies to the field of oilfield chemistry and also to other fields of the petroleum industry: 2 General
2.1 Oilfield Chemistry 5510—92
The science of studying chemical problems in the process of oilfield drilling, completion, oil production, water injection, oil recovery and transportation. 2.2 Oilfield chemica[s Chemicals used to solve chemical problems in the process of oilfield drilling, completion, oil production, water injection, oil recovery and transportation. 2.3 Surfactant, surface active Agent molecules consist of a hydrophilic polar part and a lipophilic non-polar part, and a small amount of it can greatly reduce the surface tension. 2.3.1 Anionic surfactants Anionic surfactants that are activated by the anionic part after dissociation. 2.3.1.1 Carboxylate surfactants carbaxylatesurfactant Anionic surfactants with the general formula of RCOOM. In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon salt and M is a metal ion. 2.3.1.2 Sulfonate surfactants sulfonatesurfactant Anionic surfactants with the general formula of RSOM. In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group and M is a metal ion. 2.3.1.3·Petroleum sulfonate petroleumsulfonate Sulfonate surfactants prepared by sulfonating petroleum or petroleum fractions with a sulfonating agent and then neutralizing with alkali. 2.3.1.4 α-olefin sulfonate a-olefinsulfonate Sulfonate surfactants prepared by sulfonating α-olefins with a sulfonating agent and then neutralizing with alkali. 2.3.1.5 Sulfate surfactants sulfatesurfactant R-0
General formula is
salt structure.
anionic surfactants. In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group, M is a metal ion, and the molecule has an ester structure OM
2.3.1.6 E
Phosphate surfactants phosphate surfactant R-0
General formula is
M is a metal ion, and the molecule has an ester structure. The Ministry of Energy of the People's Republic of China approved P
anionic surfactants on November 3, 1992. Formula R, R1, R, are hydrocarbons, OM
1993-04-01 implementation
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2.3.2 Cationic surfactants catianlc surfactants are surfactants in which the cationic part plays an active role after dissociation. 2.3.2.1 Amine salt surfactants aminesalt surfactants R.
The formula is
［Ri-N-
ion.
-HX cationic surfactants. In the formula, R, is a hydrocarbon group, R2, R, are H or a hydrocarbon group, and X is an anion 2.3.2.2 Quaternary ammonium salt surfactants quaternaryammoniumsaltsurfactant R2
The general formula is
［R,-N--RX cationic surfactants. In the formula, R1R2Ra, R is a hydrocarbon group, and X is an anion. R
2.3.2.3 Pyridine salt surfactant pyridine salt surfactant is a cationic surfactant with the general formula of R—N
>JX. In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group, and X is an anion. 2.3.3 Nonionic surfactant nonionic surfactant surfactant whose active part cannot be dissociated. 2.3.3.1 Vinegar surfactant sfer surfactant nonionic surfactant containing ester structure in the molecule. 2.3.3.2 Polyoxyethylene carboxylate polyoxyethylatedcarboxylate0
General formula is
O--fCHCHO-H
2.3.3.3 Ether surfactant ethersurfactant molecule is a surfactant with ether structure.
23.3.4 Vinegar surfactant of polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol [[ether]]. In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group, and is the degree of polymerization. Polyoxyethylated alkyf alcohol is an ether surfactant with the general formula of R-O-CH.CHO--H. In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group and n is the degree of polymerization. 2.3.3.5 Polyoxyethylatedalkyl phenol is an ether surfactant with the general formula of -O-CHCH2O+-TI. In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group and n is the degree of polymerization. 2.3.3.6 Polyoxyethylenepolyoxypropyleneglycol is an ether surfactant generated by reacting glycol as a starting material with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide in sequence. 2.3.3.7 Polyoxyethylenepolyoxypropylenphenolicresin is an ether surfactant generated by reacting phenolic resin as a starting material with alkylene oxide and alkylene oxide in sequence. 2.3.3.8 Aminesurfactant is a non-detachable surfactant containing an amine structure in its molecule. 2.3.3.9 Polyoxyethylated amineCH2CH20→-H
An amine surfactant with the general formula of
. In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group and n:n is the poly content. +CH2CH2O→H
Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyethylene poly~amine
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An amine surfactant produced by reacting polyethylene polyamine as a starting material with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide in sequence. 2.3.3.11 Amide surfactantA non-ionic surfactant containing an amide structure in the molecule. 2.3.3.12 Polyoxyethylene amidepolyoxyethylated amide0
An amide surfactant with the general formula of
+CHCH,0-H
. Where R is a hydrocarbon group, and n1 and n2 are the degree of polymerization. (CH2CH20→n—H
2.3.4 Amphoteric surfactant Amphoteric surfactant The active part of the surfactant has two electrical properties. 2 3.4.1 Anionic-cationic surfactant Anionic surfactant The active part of the surfactant has anionic and cationic properties. 2.3.4.2 Anionic-nonionic surfactant Anionic surfactant The active part of the surfactant has anionic and nonionic properties. 2.3.4.3 Cationic-nonionic surfactant Cationic-nonionic surfactant The active part of the surfactant has ionic and nonionic properties. 2.3.5 Macromolecular surfactant refers to a high molecular weight compound with surfactant properties. 2.3.6 Natural surfactant Natural surfactant Surfactant from animals, plants or minerals. 23.7 Biosurfactant Biosurfactant Surfactant produced in the process of biological metabolism. 2.3.8 Synthetic surfactant Synthetic surfactant Surfactant synthesized by chemical methods. 2.3.9 Silicon-containing surfactants are surfactants with silane or polysiloxane as the lipophilic part. 2.3.10 Fluorine-containing surfactants are surfactants with fluorine atoms partially or completely replacing the hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon chain. 2.3.11 Hydrophile-lyophile balance value is the value that indicates the relationship between the hydrophilicity and lipophilicity of the surfactant. The smaller the value, the more lipophilic the surfactant is. 2.3.12 Critical micelle concentration is the concentration at which the surfactant begins to obviously form micelles in the solution. 2.313 Krafft point is the temperature at which the solubility of ionic surfactants increases sharply. 2.3.14 Cloud point is the temperature at which the aqueous solution of some non-ionic surfactants changes from transparent to turbid when the temperature rises. This temperature is the cloud point. 2.3.15 Synergistic effect
The effect of two or more chemical agents combined is better than the sum of the effects of the individual chemical agents under the same conditions. 2.4 Macromolecular compound Macromolecular compound Compound with a molecular weight ranging from a few to several million (or even tens of thousands). 2.4.1 Polymer Polymer composed of repeating units. 2.4.2 Natural polymer Polymer from nature.
2.4.2.1 Natural plant gum SY5510—92
Natural polymer from plants with thickening effect. 2.4.2.2 Polysaccharide Polysaccharide that can be hydrolyzed to form monosaccharides.
2.4.2.3 Glucosan Glucose that can be hydrolyzed to form glucose.
2.4.2.4 Carboxymethylcellulose carboxymethylcellulose A cellulose modified product obtained by carboxymethylation. 2.4.2.5 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydroxyethyl cellulase A cellulose modified product obtained by hydroxyethylation. 2.4.2.6 Carbaxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose carbaxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose A cellulose modified product obtained by carboxymethylation and hydroxyethylation. 2.4.2.7 Carboxymethylstarch A starch modified product obtained by carboxymethylation. 2.4.2.8 Hydroxyathyl starch A starch modified product obtained by hydroxyethylation. 2.4.2.9 Glucomannan A polysaccharide that can be hydrolyzed to form glucose and mannose. 2.4.2.10 Mo-yu gum, konjak gum A plant gum from mo-yu, the main component of which is glucomannan. 2.4.2.11 Galactomannan can be hydrolyzed to form a polysaccharide of lactose and mannose. 2.4.2.12 Fenugreek gum (fenugreek gum) is derived from fenugreek bean endosperm, and its main component is galactomannan, in which the molar ratio of lactose to mannose is about 1:1.2.
2.4.2.13 Tian-jing gum, sesbania gum is derived from Tian-jing bean endosperm, and its main component is galactomannan, in which the molar ratio of galactose to mannose is about 1:2. 2.42.14 Guar gum Guar gum
comes from the endosperm of white guar beans. Its main component is lactomannan, in which the molar ratio of galactose to mannose is about 2. 2.4.2.15 Lignin (lignin) Lignin is a class of natural polymer compounds with similar chemical structures, which are formed by phenylpropane units connected by ether bonds and carbon-carbon bonds. It is the non-fibrous part of the raw material and plant stems, mainly lignin. 2.4.2.16 Alkaline lignin is mainly derived from the alkalization product of lignin in the waste liquid of alkaline papermaking (black liquor). 2.4.2.17 Lignosulfonate is mainly derived from the sulfonation product of lignin in the waste liquid of sulfite papermaking. 2.4.2.18 Humic acid Acid
A natural molecular compound that is partially decomposed by biological residues in the presence of air and moisture and can be extracted from peat, lignite or certain soils.
2.4.2.19 HumateWww.bzxZ.net
The reaction product of humic acid and alkali.
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2.4.2.20 Sulfamethylatedhumic acid Modified humic acid formed by the reaction of humic acid with formaldehyde and sulfite. 2.4.3 Synthetic polymer The product obtained by polymerization of monomers. 2.4.3.1 Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile ... Polyacrylamide is a polymer containing acrylamide and acrylate chain segments, which can be obtained by copolymerizing some polyacrylamide monomers or corresponding monomers. 2.4.3.3 Acrylate Polyacrylate
The neutralization product of acrylate homopolymerization, its structural formula is: 7CH,-CH}
Wherein M is a metal ion.
2.4.3.4 Carbamate polyurethane The reaction product of polyols and polycyanates. 2.4.3.5 Quaternary ammonium salt Polyquaternary ammonium salt Polymer containing quaternary ammonium salt structure in the chain segment. 2.4.3.6 Amine salt Polyamine salt
Compound containing amine salt structure in the chain segment.
Ethylene-vinylacetatecopolymer2. 4,3,7 Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is the product obtained by the copolymerization of ethylene and vinyl acetate, and its structural formula is, -{-CH2—CH2→{-CH1z—CH-
C—CHa
2.4.3.8Z Ethylene-acrylate copolymer is the product obtained by the copolymerization of ethylene and acrylate, and its structural formula is: (CH2-CH (CH2CH+
where R is hydrocarbon salt.
2.4.3.9 Polyethylene glycol polyglycol
The condensation product of ethylene glycol or the addition product of ethylene oxide, its structural formula is: fCH—CH2—0→
dimethylsiliconepolymer 2.4.3.10
The hydrolysis condensation product of dimethyldichlorosilane, its structural formula is: CHa
tsi-oJ}
2.4.3,11 Phenolic resin SY 5510—92
The condensation product of phenol and its derivatives with formaldehyde and its homologues. 2.4.3.12 Urea-aldehyde resin The condensation product of urea with formaldehyde and its homologues. 2.4.3.13 Epoxy resin
Resin containing CH2-CH- epoxy groups
Furan resin
Resin containing furan rings
2.44 Biopolymer
Polymers produced during biological metabolism. 2.4.4.1 Xanthangum
Biopolymers obtained by fermenting carbohydrate solutions under the action of bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas. 2.4.4.2 Scleroglucan
Biopolymers obtained by fermenting glucose solutions under the action of fungi of the genus Sclerotium. 2.4.4.3 Dextran
Biopolymers obtained by fermenting glucose solutions under the action of bacteria of the genus Morpholipids. 2.4.5 Water-soluble polymer A polymer that can be dispersed in water.
2.4.6 Oil-soluble polymer A polymer that can be dispersed in oil.
2.4.7 Anionic polymer A polymer that can produce polyanions in water. 2.4.8 Cationic polymer A polymer that can produce polycations in water. 2.4.9 Nonionic polymer A polymer that cannot dissociate in water.
2.4.10 Graft copolymer A product in which another monomer is attached to the main chain of a polymer to form a branched chain. Chemical modification 2.4.11
Changing the structure of a substance by chemical methods to change its properties. 2.4.12 Crosslinking
The process of producing a linear polymer by forming chemical bonds between molecules. 2.4.13 Crosslinking agent A chemical agent that can crosslink the linear structure of a polymer into a three-dimensional structure. 2.4.14 Degradation The process of reducing the molecular weight of a polymer under the action of physical, chemical or biological factors. 2.4.14.1 Thermal degradation The degradation of a polymer caused by temperature. 2.4.14.2 Shear degradation The degradation of a polymer caused by shear. 6
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2.4.14.3 Chemical degradation The degradation of a polymer caused by chemical action. 2.4.14.4 Biodegradation The degradation of a polymer caused by biological action. 2.4.15 Stability The ability of a substance to maintain its original properties under the action of certain factors. 2.4.15.1 Thermal stability The ability of a substance to maintain its original properties under the action of heat. 2.4.15.2 Shear stability The ability of a substance to maintain its original properties under shear. 2.4.15.3 Chemical stability The ability of a substance to maintain its original properties under the action of chemical factors. 2.4.15.4 Biostability The ability of a substance to maintain its original properties under the action of biological factors. 2.5 Tracer
A chemical agent that can flow with a fluid and indicate the presence, flow direction and flow speed of the fluid. 2.5.1 Tracer for gas
A tracer used to indicate the presence, flow direction and flow speed of a gas. 2.5.2 Tracer for liquid A tracer used to indicate the presence, flow direction and flow speed of a liquid. 2.5.3 Radioactive tracer Radioactive tracer A tracer whose concentration is analyzed by radioactivity. 2.5.4 Chemical tracer Chemical tracer A tracer whose concentration is analyzed by chemical properties. 3 Drilling and completion
3.1 Drilling fluid (mud)
Fluid used for drilling.
driHing fluid
3.1.1 Water-base drilling fluidDrilling fluid with water as continuous phase.
3.1.1.1 Non-dispersed drilling fluidWater-base drilling fluid formed by mixing bentonite and clean water or using clean water in slurry-prone formations. 3.1.1.2 Dispersed drilling fluidWater-base drilling fluid made of water, bentonite, dispersant and other treatment agents. 3.1,t.3 Calcium treated drilling fluidCalcium treated drilling fluidWater-base drilling fluid treated with lime, clay or calcium chloride, with the property of inhibiting clay expansion. 3.1.1.4 Polymer drilling fluid polymer driling fluid water-based drilling fluid treated with polymer, which has the characteristics of flocculating inferior soil, adjusting viscosity, shear force, reducing loss, stabilizing formation, etc.
3.1.1.5 Low solids drilling fluid low solids drilling fluid water-based drilling fluid with a total solid content of 6% to 10% (V/V), in which the swelling content is controlled at 3% (/V) or lower, and the ratio of cuttings to swelling is less than 2:1 (V/). 3.1.1.6 Saturated saltwater drilling fluid saturated with sodium chloride, that is, a water-based drilling fluid with a fluoride ion concentration of 189000mg/L. 3.1.1.7 Saltwater drilling fluid saltwater drilling fluid water-based drilling fluid with a chlorine ion concentration of 6000189000mg/L. 3.1.2 Oil-base drilling fluid includes oil-in-water emulsified drilling fluid with oil as continuous phase, water (volume content can be up to 50%) as dispersed phase, emulsifier as stabilizer, and drilling fluid usually made of diesel oil, oxidized asphalt, organic acid, alkali and other chemical agents. 3.1.3 Foam drilling fluid foam drilling fluid drilling fluid with water as continuous phase, gas as dispersed phase, foaming agent as stabilizer. 3.2 Additive for drilling fluid Substances that can adjust the performance of drilling fluid.
3.2.1 pH control agent for drilling fluid Chemical agent that can control the acidity of drilling fluid. 3.2.2 Bactericide for drilling fluid Chemical agent that can kill bacteria and maintain the performance of various treatment agents for drilling fluid. 3.2.3 Corrosion inhibitor for drilling fluid Chemical agent that can inhibit corrosion of steel by corrosion sources existing in water-based drilling fluid or invading from outside. 3.2.4 Defoamer
Chemical agent that can eliminate foam.
3.2.5 Foamer, foaming agent Substance that can promote the formation of stable foam, mainly surfactant. 3.2.6 Emulsifier
Substance that can promote the formation of stable emulsion, mainly surfactant. 3.2.7 Filtrate reducer for drilling fluid Chemical agent that can reduce the filtration loss of drilling fluid. 3.2.8 Flocculant for drilling fluid Chemical agent that can aggregate, settle or moderately condense clay particles in drilling fluid. 3.2.9 Tubular lubricant for drilling fluid Substance that can reduce the flow resistance of drilling fluid and the friction coefficient of filter cake. 3.2.10 Pipe-freeing agent A substance that can penetrate into the adhesion between the drill bit and the wall, reduce the adhesion force and remove the stuck drill bit. 3.2.11 Shale-control agent A chemical agent that can inhibit the hydration, expansion and dispersion of shale. 3.2.12 Calcium remover for drilling fluid A chemical agent that can remove calcium ions from drilling fluid. 3.2.13 Thinner for drilling fluid A chemical agent that can reduce the viscosity and force of drilling fluid. 3.2.14 Viscosifier for drilling fluid A chemical agent that can increase the viscosity and cutting force of drilling fluid. 3.2.15 Temperature stabilizer A chemical agent that can increase the usable temperature of drilling fluid. 3.2.16 Lost circulation material A material that can plug the lost circulation layer.
3.2.17 Weighting material 8
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Material that can increase the density of drilling fluid without affecting its performance. 3.3 Completion fluid
Any fluid that contacts the production layer and is used for the purpose of operation from the time the production layer is drilled to the time it is officially put into production. 3.3.1 Workover fluid
Liquid used for workover.
3.3.2 Perforating fluid
Liquid used for casing perforation.
3.3.3 Gravel-packing fluid Gravel-packing fluid Liquid that carries gravel to the predetermined position underground. 3.3.4 Cement slurry
A uniform slurry mainly composed of water and cement. 3.4 Oil well cement
Cement specially used for oil and gas well cementing.
3.5 Cement admixture additive for cement slurry Chemical agent that can change the properties of cement slurry as required and whose dosage is not more than 5% of cement mass. 3.5.1 Cement accelerator for forcement slurry Admixture that can accelerate cement hydration reaction and improve the final strength of cement paste. 3.5.2 Cement retarder for cement slurry Admixture that can delay cement hydration reaction and prolong the setting time of cement slurry. 3.5.3 Cement friction reducer for cement slurry Admixture that can reduce water-cement ratio and improve rheological properties of cement slurry. 3.5.4 Expansive agent for forcement slurry Admixture that makes cement slurry expansive after initial setting. 3.5.5 Cement filtrate reducer for cement slurry Admixture that can reduce the filtrate loss of cement slurry. 3.5.6 Gas channeling inhibitor for cement slurry Cement admixture that can be used as a cement admixture to prevent gas migration during and after cement injection. 3.6 Cement admixtures admixtures forces slurry Inert materials added to cement slurry in an amount exceeding 5% of the cement mass. 3.6.1 Light-weight admixture for cement slurry Admixture that can reduce the density of cement slurry.
3.6.2 Heavy-weight admixture for cement slurry Admixture that can increase the density of cement slurry.
3.6.3 Lost-circulation-control admixture for cement slurry Admixture that prevents cement slurry from leaking and increases the return height of cement slurry. 4 Oil production
4.1 Acidizing fluid A liquid prepared with appropriate acid and additives is selected according to the acidizing month and formation conditions. 4.1.1 Regular acid
Acid within a certain concentration range that has not been retarded. 4.1.1.1 Mud acid
A mixture of hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid, used to remove mud blockage and improve the permeability of exudative sandstone formations. 9
4.1.2 Retarded acid
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Acid prepared to delay the reaction rate between acid and formation and increase the effective action distance of acid. 4.1.2.1 Viscous acid. Gelledacid A retarded acid prepared by adding a thickener to the acid. 4.1.2 Emulsified acid A mixture of acid, oil and emulsifier: an oil-in-acid emulsion that can delay the reaction between acid and formation. 4.1 2.3 Lactic acid microemulsified acid is a microemulsion composed of acid, oil, alcohol and surfactant, which can delay the reaction between acid and formation. 4.1.2.4 Foamed acid foamed acid is a foam composed of acid, gas and foaming agent, which can delay the reaction between acid and formation. 4.1.2.5 Latent acid, acid precursor is a substance that can produce acid under formation conditions. 4.1.2.6 Clay acid clayacid refers to the latent acid that can erode clay deep in the formation. 4.1.3 Spent acid spent acid acid after acidification. 4.1.4 Secondary precipitation secondary precipitation is the precipitation of iron, silicon and other compounds precipitated from the acid deficient. 4.2 Acid additive far acidizing fluid chemical agent added to the acid to improve performance. 4.2.1 Mutual solvent mutual solvent
Chemical agent that can make oil and water miscible.
4.2.2 Retardant
Chemical agent that can slow down the reaction rate of acid fluid to the formation. 4.2.3 Corrosion inhibitor for acidizing fluid Chemical agent that can inhibit the corrosion of acid fluid to metal. 4.2.3.1 Adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor Adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor Corrosion inhibitor that acts by adsorption on the metal surface. 4.2.3.2 Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Corrosion inhibitor that acts by film formation. 4.2.4 Mulsion inhibitor Chemical agent that can prevent the formation of emulsions.
4.2.5 Iron chelating agent, iron sequestering agent Chemical agent that can bind iron ions and prevent their secondary precipitation. 4.2.6 Iron stabilizer
Chemical agent that can prevent secondary precipitation of iron ions through complexation, integration, reduction and (or) pH control. 4.2.7 Sludge inhibitor, sludge preventive Chemical agent that can prevent acid from forming sludge with some non-hydrocarbon substances in the original Shan. 4.2.8 Cleanup additive
Substance that can help the residual material to be returned from the formation. 4.2.9 Temporary blocking agent Substance that can temporarily reduce the permeability of the formation. 4.2.10 Diverting agent4 Expansive agent for cement slurry An admixture that makes cement slurry expandable after initial setting. 3.5.5 Filtrate reducer for cement slurry An admixture that can reduce the filtration loss of cement slurry. 3.5.6 Gas channeling inhibitor for cement slurry An admixture that can be used as a cement admixture to prevent gas migration during cement injection and after slurry injection. 3.6 Admixture for cement slurry An inert material added to cement slurry in an amount exceeding 5% of the mass of cement. 3.6.1 Light-weight admixture for cement slurry An admixture that can reduce the density of cement slurry.
3.6.2 Heavy-weight admixture for cement slurry An admixture that can increase the density of cement slurry.
3.6.3 Lost-circulation-control admixture for cement slurry An admixture that prevents cement slurry from leaking and increases the return height of cement slurry. 4 Oil production
4.1 Acidizing fluid A liquid made of appropriate acid and additives according to the acidizing month and formation conditions. 4.1.1 Regular acid Regular acid
Acid that has not been retarded within a certain concentration range. 4.1.1.1 Mud acid
A mixture of hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid, used to remove mud blockage and improve the permeability of exudative sandstone formations. 9
4.1.2 Retarded acid
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Acid prepared to delay the reaction rate between acid and formation and increase the effective action distance of acid. 4.1.2.1 Viscous acid. Gelle acid is a slow-acting acid prepared by adding a thickener to an acid. 4.1.2 Emulsified acid is an acid-in-oil emulsion made of acid, oil and emulsifier that can delay the reaction between the acid and the formation. 4.1 2.3 Lactic acid microemulsified acid is a microemulsion made of acid, oil, alcohol and surfactant that can delay the reaction between the acid and the formation. 4.1.2.4 Foamed acid foamed acid is a foam made of acid, gas and foaming agent that can delay the reaction between the acid and the formation. 4.1.2.5 Latent acid latent acid, acid precursor is a substance that can produce acid under formation conditions. 4.1.2.6 Clay acid clayacid refers to a latent acid that can erode clay deep in the formation. 4.1.3 spent acid
acid after acidizing the layer.
4.1.4 secondary precipitation secondary precipitation Precipitation of compounds such as iron and silicon precipitated from the spent acid. 4.2 additive far acidizing fluid chemical agent added to the acid fluid to improve performance. 4.2.1 mutual solvent mutual solvent
a chemical agent that can make oil and water miscible.
4.2.2 retardant
a chemical agent that can slow down the reaction rate of the acid fluid to the formation. 4.2.3 corrosion inhibitor for acidizing fluid chemical agent that can inhibit the corrosion of the acid fluid to the metal. 4.2.3.1 adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor for corrosion inhibitor that acts by adsorption on the metal surface.1. 4.2.3.2 Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Corrosion inhibitor that inhibits corrosion by forming a film. 4.2.4 Mulsion inhibitor Chemical agent that prevents the formation of emulsions.
4.2.5 Iron chelating agent, iron sequestering agent Chemical agent that binds iron ions and prevents their secondary precipitation. 4.2.6 Iron stabilizer Iron stabilizer Chemical agent that prevents the secondary precipitation of iron ions by complexation, integration, reduction and (or) pH control. 4.2.7 Sludge inhibitor, sludge preventive Chemical agent that prevents acid from forming sludge with some non-hydrocarbon substances in the original. 4.2.8 Cleanup additive Material that helps to work residues back from the formation. 4.2.9 Temporary blocking agent A substance that can temporarily reduce the permeability of a formation. 4.2.10 Diverting agent4 Expansive agent for cement slurry An admixture that makes cement slurry expandable after initial setting. 3.5.5 Filtrate reducer for cement slurry An admixture that can reduce the filtration loss of cement slurry. 3.5.6 Gas channeling inhibitor for cement slurry An admixture that can be used as a cement admixture to prevent gas migration during cement injection and after slurry injection. 3.6 Admixture for cement slurry An inert material added to cement slurry in an amount exceeding 5% of the mass of cement. 3.6.1 Light-weight admixture for cement slurry An admixture that can reduce the density of cement slurry.
3.6.2 Heavy-weight admixture for cement slurry An admixture that can increase the density of cement slurry.
3.6.3 Lost-circulation-control admixture for cement slurry An admixture that prevents cement slurry from leaking and increases the return height of cement slurry. 4 Oil production
4.1 Acidizing fluid A liquid made of appropriate acid and additives according to the acidizing month and formation conditions. 4.1.1 Regular acid Regular acid
Acid that has not been retarded within a certain concentration range. 4.1.1.1 Mud acid
A mixture of hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid, used to remove mud blockage and improve the permeability of exudative sandstone formations. 9
4.1.2 Retarded acid
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Acid prepared to delay the reaction rate between acid and formation and increase the effective action distance of acid. 4.1.2.1 Viscous acid. Gelle acid is a slow-acting acid prepared by adding a thickener to an acid. 4.1.2 Emulsified acid is an acid-in-oil emulsion made of acid, oil and emulsifier that can delay the reaction between the acid and the formation. 4.1 2.3 Lactic acid microemulsified acid is a microemulsion made of acid, oil, alcohol and surfactant that can delay the reaction between the acid and the formation. 4.1.2.4 Foamed acid foamed acid is a foam made of acid, gas and foaming agent that can delay the reaction between the acid and the formation. 4.1.2.5 Latent acid latent acid, acid precursor is a substance that can produce acid under formation conditions. 4.1.2.6 Clay acid clayacid refers to a latent acid that can erode clay deep in the formation. 4.1.3 spent acid
acid after acidizing the layer.
4.1.4 secondary precipitation secondary precipitation Precipitation of compounds such as iron and silicon precipitated from the spent acid. 4.2 additive far acidizing fluid chemical agent added to the acid fluid to improve performance. 4.2.1 mutual solvent mutual solvent
a chemical agent that can make oil and water miscible.
4.2.2 retardant
a chemical agent that can slow down the reaction rate of the acid fluid to the formation. 4.2.3 corrosion inhibitor for acidizing fluid chemical agent that can inhibit the corrosion of the acid fluid to the metal. 4.2.3.1 adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor for corrosion inhibitor that acts by adsorption on the metal surface.1. 4.2.3.2 Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Corrosion inhibitor that inhibits corrosion by forming a film. 4.2.4 Mulsion inhibitor Chemical agent that prevents the formation of emulsions.
4.2.5 Iron chelating agent, iron sequestering agent Chemical agent that binds iron ions and prevents their secondary precipitation. 4.2.6 Iron stabilizer Iron stabilizer Chemical agent that prevents the secondary precipitation of iron ions by complexation, integration, reduction and (or) pH control. 4.2.7 Sludge inhibitor, sludge preventive Chemical agent that prevents acid from forming sludge with some non-hydrocarbon substances in the original. 4.2.8 Cleanup additive Material that helps to work residues back from the formation. 4.2.9 Temporary blocking agent A substance that can temporarily reduce the permeability of a formation. 4.2.10 Diverting agent2 Retardant
Chemical agent that can slow down the reaction rate of acid fluid to formation. 4.2.3 Corrosion inhibitor for acidizing fluid Chemical agent that can inhibit the corrosion of acid fluid to metal. 4.2.3.1 Adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor Adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor Corrosion inhibitor that acts as a corrosion inhibitor by adsorption on the metal surface. 4.2.3.2 Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Corrosion inhibitor that acts as a corrosion inhibitor by film formation. 4.2.4 Mulsion inhibitor Chemical agent that can prevent the formation of emulsion.
4.2.5 Iron chelating agent, iron sequestering agent Chemical agent that can bind iron ions and prevent their secondary precipitation. 4.2.6 Iron stabilizer Iron stabilizer Chemical agent that can prevent the secondary precipitation of iron ions by complexation, integration, reduction and (or) pH control. 4.2.7 Sludge inhibitor, sludge preventive Chemical agent that can prevent acid from forming sludge with some non-hydrocarbon materials in the original Shan. 4.2.8 Cleanup additive
Substance that can help the residual material to be returned from the formation. 4.2.9 Temporary blocking agent Temporary blocking agent Substance that can temporarily reduce the permeability of the formation. 4.2.10 Diverting agent2 Retardant
Chemical agent that can slow down the reaction rate of acid fluid to formation. 4.2.3 Corrosion inhibitor for acidizing fluid Chemical agent that can inhibit the corrosion of acid fluid to metal. 4.2.3.1 Adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor Adsorption-type corrosion inhibitor Corrosion inhibitor that acts as a corrosion inhibitor by adsorption on the metal surface. 4.2.3.2 Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Film-forming-type corrosion inhibitor Corrosion inhibitor that acts as a corrosion inhibitor by film formation. 4.2.4 Mulsion inhibitor Chemical agent that can prevent the formation of emulsion.
4.2.5 Iron chelating agent, iron sequestering agent Chemical agent that can bind iron ions and prevent their secondary precipitation. 4.2.6 Iron stabilizer Iron stabilizer Chemical agent that can prevent the secondary precipitation of iron ions by complexation, integration, reduction and (or) pH control. 4.2.7 Sludge inhibitor, sludge preventive Chemical agent that can prevent acid from forming sludge with some non-hydrocarbon materials in the original Shan. 4.2.8 Cleanup additive
Substance that can help the residual material to be returned from the formation. 4.2.9 Temporary blocking agent Temporary blocking agent Substance that can temporarily reduce the permeability of the formation. 4.2.10 Diverting agent
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