drafter:Chen Yongquan, Bai Dianyi, Qiang Yi, Guo Ting, Zou Chuanyu, Zhang Liang, Yang Zhuanian, Liu Jiawei, Zhou Ke
Drafting unit:China National Institute of Standardization, China Academy of Mechanical Science, Light Industry Standardization Research Institute, etc.
Focal point unit:National Technical Committee for Standardization of Graphic Symbols (SAC/TC 59)
Proposing unit:National Technical Committee for Standardization of Graphic Symbols (SAC/TC 59)
Publishing department:General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China
This part of GB/T 15565 defines the basic terms and definitions of signs and guidance systems. This part is applicable to signs, guidance systems and related fields. GB/T 15565.2-2008 Graphical Symbols Terminology Part 2: Signs and Guidance Systems GB/T15565.2-2008 Standard Download Decompression Password: www.bzxz.net
This part of GB/T 15565 defines the basic terms and definitions of signs and guidance systems.
This part is applicable to signs, guidance systems and related fields.
GB/T 15565 "Graphic Symbols Terminology" is divided into two parts:
——— Part 1: General;
——— Part 2: Signs and Guidance Systems.
This part is the second part of GB/T 15565.
This part is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Graphic Symbols (SAC/TC59).
The drafting organizations of this part are: China National Institute of Standardization, China Academy of Mechanical Science, Light Industry Standardization Research Institute, Civil Aviation Administration of China
Aviation Safety Technology Center, Beijing Subway Line Company.
The main drafters of this part are: Chen Yongquan, Bai Dianyi, Qiang Yi, Guo Ting, Zou Chuanyu, Zhang Liang, Yang Zaonian, Liu Jiawei, Zhou Ke.
Some standard content:
ICS 01.080.10 National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T15565:2—2008 Graphical symbols Part 2: Signs and guidance system Graphical symbols-Terms- Part 2:Signs and guidance system2008-12-30Promulgated General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of China Implementation on 2009-07-01 Terms" is divided into two parts: GB/T15565 "Graphical Symbols Part 1: General; Part 2: Signs and guidance system. This part is the second part of GB/T15565. This part is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Graphical Symbols (SAC/TC59). GB/T15565.2—2008 The drafting organizations of this part are: China National Institute of Standardization, China Academy of Mechanical Science, Light Industry Standardization Research Institute, Aviation Safety Technology Center of Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing Subway Line Company. The main drafters of this part are: Chen Yongquan, Bai Dianyi, Qiang Yi, Guo Ting, Zou Chuanyu, Zhang Liang, Yang Zuonian, Liu Jiawei, Zhou Ke. Scope Terms of graphic symbols Part 2: Signs and guidance systems This part of GB/T15565 defines the basic terms and definitions of signs and guidance systems. This part is applicable to signs, guidance systems and related fields. 2 Signs and their applications 2.1 Signs Signs GB/T15565.2—2008 A visual image that conveys specific information formed by a combination of symbols, text, colors and geometric shapes (or frames). 2.1.2 Graphical signgraphical sign A sign formed by a combination of graphic symbols, colors, geometric shapes (or borders), etc. for signs (2.1.1). Example "No fireworks\Graphic sign, see Figure 1 Note: Graphic symbols for terminology signs" See GB/T15565.1. Figure 1 Graphic sign example Letter signlettersign A rectangular sign formed by a combination of text, colors or borders (2.1.1). Example: "People's Hospital" letter sign, see Figure 2 People's Hospital Main signmainsign Letter sign example Graphic sign (2.1.2) that conveys the main information or plays a major role relative to auxiliary signs (2.1.5) or supplementary signs (2.1.6). Example: As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the graphic signs in the figures are main signs. GB/T15565.2-2008 Supplementary sign supplementarysign Beware of electric shock Figure 3 Examples of main and auxiliary signs 7:30-10:00 Figure 4 Examples of main and supplementary signs Subordinate to the main sign (2.1.4), the sign that uses words to explain the information conveyed by the main sign (2.1.1). Example: As shown in Figure 3, the text sign in the figure is a supplementary sign. 2.1.6 Supplementary sign complementarysign Subordinate to the main sign (2.1.4), the sign that conveys additional information (2.1.1). Example: As shown in Figure 4, the text sign in the figure is a supplementary sign. 2.1.7 singlesign A sign (2.1.1) that expresses a single message and is formed by a graphic sign (2.1.2) or a text sign (2.1.3). 2.1.8 combination signcombination sign A sign (2.1.1) that expresses a certain message and is formed by a main sign (2.1.4) and an auxiliary sign (2.1.5) or a supplementary sign (2.1.6) on the same sign carrier (2.3.20). 2.1.9 multiplesign collective sign A sign (2.1.1) that expresses multiple messages and is formed by two or more single signs (2.1.7) or combination signs (2.1.8) on the same sign carrier (2.3.20). Public information graphic signpublicinformationgraphicalsignGraphic sign (2.1.2) that conveys information about public places, public facilities (3.4) and service functions (3.7). 2.1.11 roadtrafficsign Road traffic sign Sign that conveys road traffic information (2.1.1). 2 Safety signsafetysign GB/T15565.2—2008 Sign that conveys specific safety information (2.1.1) formed by combining safety symbols with safety colors (2.2.5) and safety shapes (2.2.7). Note: According to the meaning of the signs formed by different combinations of safety colors (2.2.5) and safety shapes (2.2.7), safety signs can be divided into prohibition signs (2.1.12.1), warning signs (2.1.12.2), instruction signs (2.1.12.3), safety condition signs (2.1.12.4) and fire protection facility signs (2.1.12.5). 2.1.12.1 Prohibition sign prohibition sign Safety sign prohibiting certain behavior or action (2.1.12). Example: "No fireworks" sign, see Figure 1. 2.1.12.2 Warning sign warningsign Safety sign reminding people to pay attention to the surrounding environment and things to avoid potential hazards (2.1.12). Example: "Beware of electric shock" sign, see Figure 5. Figure 5 Example of warning sign Mandatory sign mandatorysign Safety sign that forces you to take a certain safety measure or make a certain action (2.1.12). Example: "Must be grounded" sign, see Figure 6. Figure 6 Example of mandatory sign Safety condition sign safetyconditionsign Safety sign that prompts safe behavior or indicates the location of safety equipment, safety facilities and evacuation routes (4.6) (2.1.12). Example, "Emergency exit" sign, see Figure 7. Garden Figure 7 Example of safety condition sign GB/T15565.2—2008 Fire equipment sign fireequipmentsign Safety sign that indicates the location of fire equipment or prompts how to use fire equipment (2.1.12). Example: "Fire extinguisher" sign, see Figure 8. 3 Example of fire equipment sign Safety marking safetymarking A mark that makes an object or place conspicuous for safety purposes. Note: It is usually formed by means of safety colors (2.2.5), contrasting colors, luminous materials, separated point light sources, etc. Example: See Figure 9. Example of safety marking Environmental information signThe information provided by environmental information sign involves a certain range of graphic signs (2.1.2). Note: For example, the "No Smoking" sign set up in the hall means that smoking is prohibited within the hall. 2.1.15 Partial information sign Partial information sign The information provided by partial information sign only involves a graphic sign (2.1.2) for a specific location, equipment or component. Note: For example, the "Beware of Electric Shock" sign set up on electrical equipment means that the warning information of Beware of Electric Shock is only valid for this equipment. 2.2 Sign composition Border enclosure Lines of a certain width that form the shape of a sign (2.1.1). Example: See Figure 10. Background colour Examples of border, frame and background colour of logo2.2.2 Border GB/T15565.2-2008 A strip of a certain width around the border (2.2.1) (outer edge) of the logo (2.1.1) in a colour contrasting with the colour of the border (outer edge). Example: See Figure 10. Background colourbackgroundcolour Logo (2.1.1) The color used to set off graphic symbols or text. Example: See Figure 10. Color code colourcode A group of colors used to represent specific meanings. 2.2.5 Safety colorsafetycolour A color with special properties that is given a safety meaning2.2.6 Shape code shapecode A group of shapes used to represent specific meanings Note: Different shapes are often used to represent prohibition, warning, instruction restriction, safety condition (fire protection facilities), etc. 2.2.7 safety shape Safety shape A geometric shape given a safety meaning. Contrast The difference between the maximum optical density and the minimum optical density in an image. See: positive contrast (2.2.8.1), negative contrast (2.2.8.2) 2.2.8.1 Positive contrast The contrast formed by using black or dark characters on a white or light background. See: negative contrast (2.2.8.2) Note: For the term "character", see GB/T 15563, 1. 2.2.8.2 Negative contrast The contrast formed by using white or light characters on a black or dark background. See: positive contrast (2.2.8.1). Note: The term "character\ See GB/T15565.1. 2.3 Sign application Conspicuity The degree to which a sign (2.1.1) in the field of vision is easier to notice than its background. 2.3.2 Visibility The degree to which a sign (2.1.1) can be visually perceived under certain distance, light and general weather conditions at a specific time. GB/T15565.2—2008 Detection The process by which the visual system responds to stimuli that appear in the field of vision. 2.3.4 Observation distance observation distance The maximum distance within the observer's field of vision at which the sign (2.1.1) is clear and noticeable to the observer. Example: See Figure 11. resolution The observer's visual ability to distinguish details of a figure. 2.3.6 Visual acuity The observer's ability to clearly see fine details with very small angular separations. 2.3.7 displacement The vertical distance from the center of the sign (2.1.1) to the normal centerline of the observer's field of vision. Example: See Figure 11. angleofdisplacement The angle between the observer's line of sight to the center of the sign (2.1.1) and the normal centerline of the observer's field of vision. Example: See Figure 11. Viewing angle angle The angle formed by the plane where the sign (2.1.1) is located and the observer's line of sight. Example: See Figure 11. Normal center line of visual field Note: α is the observation angle, l is the observation distance, X is the offset6 is the offset angle. Figure 11 Observation angle, observation distance, offset and offset angle example6 Visual anglevisual angle The angle formed by the lines connecting the two ends of the longest axis of the observed sign (2.1.1) from the observer's eyes. Example: See Figure 12, Figure 12 Visual angle example Sign heightsignheight GB/T15565.2—2008 The diameter of the sign (2.1.1) with a circular geometric shape or the height of the sign with a rectangular (or triangular) geometric shape2.3.12 Distance factor factorof distance The ratio of the viewing distance (1) (2.3.4) to the height of the sign (h) (2.3.11). 2=/h Apparent sizeapparentsize The subjective feeling of the size of the sign without considering the actual size of the graphic symbol or the different shapes of the border (2.2.1). Note: Shapes with different geometric sizes can be perceived by the human eye as the same size. For example, when the sizes of a square, an oblique square, a circle, and an equilateral triangle are kept in a ratio of 25:25:28:35, the apparent sizes of the geometric shapes are basically the same. 2.3.14 Brightness contrast luminance contrast The ratio of the brightness L of the contrast color in the safety sign (2.1.12) to the brightness L of the safety color (2.2.5), where L is greater than Lz. k=Lr/L2 luminance factor The ratio of the luminance of the sample surface along a given direction to the luminance of a total reflection or total transmission scatterer under the same lighting conditions. 2.3.16 Retroreflection Reflection of light in a direction close to the direction of the incident light. 2.3.17 Coefficient of retroreflection coefficientof retroreflectionR' <Planar retroreflective surface The luminous intensity (I) of a planar retroreflective material (2.3.22) along the observation direction divided by the product of the illuminance (E') of the retroreflective surface on a plane perpendicular to the incident light and its area (A). R Photoluminescence Luminescence caused by the absorption of light radiation. GB/T15565.2-2008 Phosphorescence Photoluminescence (2.3.18) delayed by energy stored in an intermediate energy level. 2.3.20 Sign carrier Material that carries and displays a sign (2.1.1). 2.3.21 Ordinary material Material that cannot retroreflect (2.3.16) light or emit light. 2.3.22 +retroreflecting material Retroreflecting material Material that can only retroreflect (2.3.16) light. 2.3.23 Combined material Combined material Material that has the optical properties of both photoluminescent material and retroreflective material (2.3.22). 2.3.24 Internally illuminated sign A sign made of transparent or translucent material, which is displayed through the light source inside or behind the sign carrier (2.3.20). 3 Public information guidanceWww.bzxZ.net Public information guidance system public information guidance system A sign system composed of guidance elements (3.2) that guides people to carry out orderly activities in public places. 3.2 Guidance element guidance element The smallest component with a specific function in a guidance system. Note: In the public information guidance system (3.1), guidance elements mainly include location signs (3.2.1), guidance signs (3.2.2), floor plans (3.2.3), information boards (3.2.4), block guide maps (3.2.5), portable printed materials (3.2.6), etc. 3.2.1 Location sign locationsign Formed by graphic signs (2.1.2) and/or text signs (2.1.3), a public information graphic sign (2.1.10) used to indicate the location of service facilities (3.6) or service functions (3.7). 3.2.2 Direction sign direction sign Formed by graphic signs (2.1.2) and/or text signs (2.1.3) and arrow symbols, a public information graphic sign (2.1.10) used to indicate the route to the intended destination. 3.2.3 Layout plan layoutplan A plan showing the location distribution information of service functions (3.7) or service facilities (3.6) in a specific area or place. 3.2.4 Information boardinformationboard A sign (2.1.1) showing the location index information of service functions (3.7) or service facilities (3.6) in a specific place or range. 8 Street guidance mapstreetguidancemap GB/T15565.2—2008 A simplified map that provides the main natural geographical information, location distribution information of public facilities (3.4) and guidance information in the street. 3.2.6 Portable printed matterportableprintingmatterGuide information that is easy for users to carry and consult at any time. 3.2.6.1 Function listfunction list A diagram that provides the main function information of service facilities (3.6) in the form of a list in portable printed matter (3.2.6). 3.2.6.2 locationmap Location map A schematic diagram in a portable printed matter (3.2.6) that marks the location of a place or area and provides information about its surrounding environment and traffic: 3.2.6.3 distributionmap Distribution map A schematic diagram in a portable printed matter (3.2.6) that provides information about the geographical distribution of a certain type of public facility (3.4) or service facility (3.6). 3.2.6.4 Pathmap A schematic diagram in a portable printed matter (3.2.6) that provides information about the route from a specific starting point to a destination. 3.3 Instruction sign A public information graphic sign that restricts certain behaviors of people (2.1.10). Note: For example, the "Please Keep Quiet" sign and the "Do Not Litter" sign. 3.4 Public facilitiespublic facility Tangible objects and equipment such as buildings and structures provided for public use in a certain place or scope due to public needs. Note: such as elevators, toilets, etc. Traffic facilitiestraffic facility Public facilities that provide services for public travel (3.4). Note: such as public tram (steam) stations, railway passenger stations, etc. 3.6 Service facilitiesservicefacility Public facilities that provide certain services to the public (3.4). Note: such as hospitals, shopping malls, etc. servicefunction Service function Service facilities (3.6) Services provided to the public. Note: such as shopping services, medical services, etc. 3.8 Legendlegend Description of the symbols, signs or colors with specific meanings used in the figure. 3.9 Observer location observer location In a plan view (3.2.3) or a block navigation map (3.2.5), the symbolic location of the observer in the map. 9 GB/T15565.2—2008 Node intersection The intersection of a guidance route with other paths or the change of direction in a guidance system. 3.11 Place name sign placenamesign A sign indicating the proper name of a geographical entity (2.1.1). 3.12 Guidance line guidanceline A colored linear mark set on the ground or wall to indicate the direction of the route. 4 Emergency guidance Emergency guidance system safetywayguidancesystem (SWGS) A guidance system that guides people to evacuate dangerous areas along designated evacuation routes (4.6) in an emergency through emergency guidance elements such as safety signs (2.1.12) and safety markings (2.1.13). 4.2 Emergency guidance line emergencyguidanceline A clear linear mark that marks an evacuation route (4.6) or determines an evacuation path through an open area. 4.3 Emergency exit emergencyexit A door or passage leading to a safe place in an evacuation route (4.6). 4.4 Final exit final exit The final emergency exit (4.3) that connects an evacuation route (4.6) to a safe place. 4.5 escapeplan Escapeplan A plan providing information such as evacuation routes (4.6) and firefighting facilities to facility users. 4.6 Escaperoute A safe route leading from any location in the building to the terminal exit (4.4). 4.7 Escaperoutesign A sign (3.2.2) that guides people along the evacuation route (4.6) to the terminal exit (4.4). 4.8 Traveldistance The distance from any location in the building to a protected evacuation route (4.6), an external evacuation route or a terminal exit (4.4). 4.9 Assemblyarea A designated safe area outside the danger zone for evacuees to gather. 4.10 Dead end corridor Dead end corridor A corridor or a section of a corridor with only one unidirectional evacuation route (4.6).2—2008 Node intersection The intersection of a guidance route with other paths or the change of direction in a guidance system. 3.11 Place name sign placenamesign A sign indicating the proper name of a geographical entity (2.1.1). 3.12 Guidance line guidanceline A colored linear mark set on the ground or wall to indicate the direction of the route. 4 Emergency guidance Emergency guidance system safetywayguidancesystem (SWGS) A guidance system that guides people to evacuate a dangerous area along a designated evacuation route (4.6) in an emergency through emergency guidance elements such as safety signs (2.1.12) and safety markings (2.1.13). 4.2 Emergency guidance line emergencyguidanceline A clear linear mark that indicates an evacuation route (4.6) or determines an evacuation path through an open area. 4.3 emergency exit A door or passage leading to a safe place in an evacuation route (4.6). 4.4 final exit A final emergency exit (4.3) connecting an evacuation route (4.6) and a safe place. 4.5 escape plan Evacuation plan A plan that provides information such as evacuation routes (4.6) and fire-fighting facilities to facility users. 4.6 Escape route escape route A safe route leading to a final exit (4.4) from any location in a building. 4.7 Escape route sign escape route sign A guide sign (3.2.2) that guides people along the evacuation route (4.6) to the final exit (4.4). 4.8 traveldistance The distance from any location in a building to a protected evacuation route (4.6), an external evacuation route or a terminal exit (4.4). 4.9 assemblyarea A designated safe area outside the danger zone for evacuees to gather. 4.10 Dead end corridor Dead end corridor A corridor or a section of a corridor with only one unidirectional evacuation route (4.6). 102—2008 Node intersection The intersection of a guidance route with other paths or the change of direction in a guidance system. 3.11 Place name sign placenamesign A sign indicating the proper name of a geographical entity (2.1.1). 3.12 Guidance line guidanceline A colored linear mark set on the ground or wall to indicate the direction of the route. 4 Emergency guidance Emergency guidance system safetywayguidancesystem (SWGS) A guidance system that guides people to evacuate a dangerous area along a designated evacuation route (4.6) in an emergency through emergency guidance elements such as safety signs (2.1.12) and safety markings (2.1.13). 4.2 Emergency guidance line emergencyguidanceline A clear linear mark that indicates an evacuation route (4.6) or determines an evacuation path through an open area. 4.3 emergency exit A door or passage leading to a safe place in an evacuation route (4.6). 4.4 final exit A final emergency exit (4.3) connecting an evacuation route (4.6) and a safe place. 4.5 escape plan Evacuation plan A plan that provides information such as evacuation routes (4.6) and fire-fighting facilities to facility users. 4.6 Escape route escape route A safe route leading to a final exit (4.4) from any location in a building. 4.7 Escape route sign escape route sign A guide sign (3.2.2) that guides people along the evacuation route (4.6) to the final exit (4.4). 4.8 traveldistance The distance from any location in a building to a protected evacuation route (4.6), an external evacuation route or a terminal exit (4.4). 4.9 assemblyarea A designated safe area outside the danger zone for evacuees to gather. 4.10 Dead end corridor Dead end corridor A corridor or a section of a corridor with only one unidirectional evacuation route (4.6). 10 Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. 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