Rules for forcast technology of the peach fruit moth(Carposina sasakii Matsumura)
Some standard content:
ICS65.020
Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
NY/T 1610—2008
Rules for forecast technology of the peach fruit moth(Carposina sasakii Matsumiura)2008-05-16Promulgated
2008-07-01Implemented
Promulgated by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China
Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are normative appendices, and Appendix C, Appendix D and Appendix E are informative appendices. This standard is proposed and managed by the Crop Production Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China. The main units of this standard are: National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center of the Ministry of Agriculture: The main drafters of this standard are: Feng Xiaodong, Yang Wanhai, Feng Xiaojun, Zhang Wanmin, Qin Kongxue, Xia Bing. NY/T 1610 -2008
1 Scope
Technical Specifications for Peach Plant Disease
NY/T 1610- 2008
This standard specifies the survey of peach pod borer emergence, field adult survey, field egg volume survey, fruit infestation rate survey, forecasting methods, occurrence level classification, data transmission, survey data sheets, etc. This standard is applicable to field survey and forecast of peach pod borer in apple and pear orchards. Other fruit trees can refer to this standard. 2 Survey of emergence of overwintering larvae
2.1 Survey time
Starting from the end of flowering until all overwintering larvae emerge in mid- to late August. 2.2 Survey method
In representative fruit fans, select 5 trees that were severely damaged last year as survey trees (the insect population density is low, and the amount can be supplemented by collecting canal insect fruits after the end of August last year and piling them under the survey trees). Place 50 small tiles in a concentric ring pattern in a circle with a radius of 1m under each tree with the tree as the center: starting from the end of the flowers, check the tiles regularly every day to check the number of overwintering larvae, and record the survey results (see Appendix A Table A: 1) 3 Field adult insect growth and decline survey
3.1 Survey time
May 10 to September 30, the main growth period of fruits. 3.2 Survey method
The sex attractant luring method is used.
3.2.1 Sex attractant components and content
Artificially synthesized peach borer sex pheromone, its A component is cis-7-diene-11-one, which is cis-7-nonadecaene-11-one. The ratio of the two components in the mixed medium is generally 80-95:20-5. The sex pheromone attractant core contains sex pheromone No. 500. 3.2.2 Sex attractant trap structure
The sex attractant trap consists of two parts: the trap and the hanging rope. The trap basin is made of a bowl or plastic basin with a diameter of about 20 cm. The hanging rope uses three thin iron wires with a length of 50cm to tie one end of the iron wire together, and use the three iron wires to tie one end of the wire at an equal distance to the prepared iron ring with a diameter of less than 20cm. The trapping basin is placed on the iron ring, and clean water containing a little washing powder is poured into the basin. The water accounts for about 4/5 of the trapping basin. The sex attractant is fixed in the middle of the trapping basin, 1cm away from the water. A nylon sand cover is placed around the trapping basin to prevent the moth from being washed out during rainfall. 3.2.3 Setting of sex attractant traps
Select 2 to 3 orchards with a serious peach borer infestation last year and an area of not less than 5×667m. Each orchard adopts the diagonal 5-point sampling method, selects 5 trees in the middle of the orchard, and the tree spacing is 50m. Hang a sex attractant trap on each tree. The trap is hung outside the tree canopy in the shade 1.5m above the ground.
3.2.4 Management and data recording
The permeable trap should be cleaned and watered frequently. After rain, the excess water should be poured out; and a small amount of washing powder water should be added. The bait should be replaced every 30 days. Check the number of moths in the trap every day at noon, and count and record the number of moths in the trap every day (see Appendix A Table A2). 4 Field egg quantity change survey
Survey timebZxz.net
The period of adult occurrence, that is, from the beginning of adult appearance to the end of adult appearance. NY/T 1610 2008
4.2 Survey method
Choose 3 to 5 orchards with different infestations and an area of not less than 5×667m as feeding orchards. In each orchard, adopt the chessboard sampling method and select 10 apple trees. Randomly survey 20 fruits at 3 positions in the east, south, west and center of each tree: 100 fruits per tree, survey once every 5 days, record the number of ovum fruits and eggs in the surveyed fruits, wipe out the eggs after mixing, and calculate the ovum fruit rate according to formula (1). The results are summarized in the survey table (see Appendix A Table A.3): A--
Where: A--ovum fruit rate; E--number of peach borer egg fruits in the surveyed fruits; N--total number of surveyed fruits.
5 Survey on fruit insect rate
5.1 Survey time
Surveyed twice, the first survey time was August 10, the second survey time was before the usual harvest period, 5.2 Survey method
Sampling method Survey on fruit insect rate, check the fruit damage (see Appendix C for identification symptoms), record the number of fruits and the number of larvae holes in the investigated fruits, calculate the fruit insect rate by formula (2) (see Appendix A Table A). M
-fruit insect rate:
-the number of peach fruit with small edible core in the investigated fruits; check the total number of fruits.
6 Prediction and forecast
6.1 Prediction and forecast of overwintering larvae emergence period
Observe according to the survey method of insect emergence period, when the larvae are found for 2 consecutive days, it can be determined as the beginning of the emergence of overwintering larvae. 6.2 Medium-term forecast of occurrence period and occurrence amount
Starting from late June, a medium-term forecast of occurrence period and occurrence amount will be made based on field success and egg quantity survey data, compared with previous years' monitoring data, and combined with recent atmospheric, fruiting and growth conditions. 6.3 Long-term occurrence trend forecast
In April, based on the survey results of fruit set rate before the fruit harvest period of the previous year, compared with the monitoring data of previous years, combined with the local long-term weather trend forecast, the long-term occurrence trend forecast of peach borer in the current year is made: Occurrence degree classification index
Based on the damage situation of the orchards, the insect-fruit rate is used as the peach borer occurrence degree classification index Occurrence degree (level)
Outcome rate()
1. 1-- 3. G
3. 1 8. 0
8. 1~14. 9
Data aggregation and transmission
Main transmission tools
Internet and fax machine are used:
8.2 Model report
NY/T1610—2008
Summarize and report according to the unified reporting format, time and content. Among them, the increase, more, and higher compared with previous years are represented by "10", and the decrease, less, and lower are represented by "2"; the same and similar to previous years are represented by "0\"; the missing items are represented by "××". 9 Survey data form
A sample form of the unified "Survey data form" is formulated nationwide (see Appendix A) for copying when used in various places. It is used to standardize the survey and investigation behavior of each regional observation and reporting station and ensure the accumulation of unified and complete survey and investigation data for the national database: the content cannot be changed at will, and the contents of each survey must be carefully counted and filled in at the end of the survey. 3
NY/T 1610 2008
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Data Tables of Survey on Pests and Diseases of Crop
Data Tables of Survey on Pests and Diseases of Crop
Peach Borer
(Latitude:
Longitude:
Observer
Responsible Person
Altitude:
Compiled by National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center Survey Period
Garden Name
Table A1 Survey Table of Larvae Emergence of Peach Borer Number of Larvae Emerging from the Ground for Wintering on Each Tree (Head/Plot)4
Table A.2 Survey Table of Adult Occurrence Period of Peach Borer Maximum Number of Traps for Each Tree (Head)
Note: In each note, fill in the date of amine application, the type of agent and other reasons for the unstable effect of the penetrating trap5
Table A.3 Investigation form of the increase and decrease of egg quantity in the field of peach borer Xie investigated
cultivated land area
number of springs
(pieces)
Among them: apple planting area
main apple varieties
cultivated area
in total,
infestation degree
treated area
number of egg fruits
(pieces)
investigated number of plants
(plants)
average number of eggs
(pieces/fruit)
investigation form of the fruit infestation rate of peach borer
number of slag fruits
(pieces)
number of insect racks
fruit infestation rate
cumulative egg quantity
(pieces/fruit)
NY/T 1610 -2008
Weather conditions:
Highest number of eggs
(grain/fruit)
Number of holes for fruit removal
(pieces)
Table A.5 Basic situation record of peach borer occurrence and controllum
Planting research area
Planting area
Single planting area
Planting area
Planting area
hr, occupies occurrence area
Representative area
NY/T 1610—2008
Among them:
Painting loss
Overview and characteristics of management violations:
t: Actual damage
Table A.5 (continued)
Appendix B
[Normative Appendix]
Peach fruit borer model report
Table B.1 First generation peach fruit borer prediction model report (M1SX4) Reporting time: Report once before the end of April Compilation project
Report code|| tt||Inspection period, ）
Local apple orchard area (hm2)
Fruit encapsulation rate in the previous month ()
Shanghua August, the first ten days of the month, the average number of fruit holes that fell off each fruit (pcs) Worm fruit rate before harvest last year (5)
Average number of fruit holes that fell off each fruit before harvest last year (pcs) Yield of 667m2 orchard last year (kg)
Average fruit weight last year (kg)
Expected occurrence degree of the first generation (grade)
Expected area of cattle outbreak (hm2)||tt| |Estimated suitable period for ground control (month, day)
Reporting unit
Report code
Report for the second generation of peach borer prediction model (M2SXA) Reporting time: once in the first ten days of August
Reporting items and
Survey date (month, month, day)
Average number of traps per core before August 5 (heads) Ratio of increase or decrease of the number of traps per core compared with the average of previous years (5%6) Survey date (month, month)
Average number of eggs per fruit (grains)
Egg-fruit rate ()
Fruit-fruit rate compared with the average increase/decrease ratio of previous years (%)
Skin-fruit)
Electrical collection rate compared with the average increase/decrease ratio of previous years (%)
Expected second-generation occurrence level (level)
Expected outbreak area (hm2)
Estimated appropriate period for prevention and control (month, day)
Reporting unit
NY/T 1610—2008
Reporting procedure
Reporting sequence
NY/T 1610--2008
Appendix C
[Informative Appendix]
Morphological characteristics of peach borer
Adult: The whole body is light gray-brown. The female is 7mm~8mm long and has a wingspan of 16mm~18mm. The male is slightly smaller. There is a blue-black, almost blue-horn-shaped spot near the front edge of the front wings. There are 7 clusters of dark-colored oblique scales from the base to the middle of the wings. The hind wings are gray. The antennae of the female moth are filamentous, and the lower corridor whiskers are long and straight and curled forward. The antennae of the moth are tooth-shaped, and the whiskers of the lower lip are short and upturned. The eggs are red, dark red when they are about to hatch, oval, 0.4mm~0.41mm long and 0.31mm~0.361mr wide, with oval engravings on the surface, and 2~3 circles of ""-shaped spines around the top. Larvae: newly hatched larvae are light yellow and concave; mature larvae are pink: resting length is 1mn16m, head and pronotum are dark brown, pronotum hair group has two vibrations of bristles, abdominal toes are arranged in a single order, and there is no anal ladder. There are two types of cocoons: summer fireflies and winter fireflies. The wintering larvae are fan-shaped, 4.5mm~6.2mm long, 3.2mm~5.2mm wide, with a tight texture, covering the old dormant larvae. Summer drought spindle-shaped: 7.8mm~9.9mm long, 3.2mm~5.2mm wide, loose texture: one end has a molting hole, covering the body.
Newt: yellow-white, 6.5rrm~8.6mm long, just yellowish, gray-black when close to molting, with smooth and thornless walls. 8
Appendix D
(Informative Appendix)
Symptoms of peach borer: NY/T1610-2008
Peach borer damages the fruit with its larvae. When the larvae first hatch, they dig from the surface of the fruit and leave a needle-sized digging hole. After 2 to 3 days, the hole overflows with juice in the form of water beads. After withering, it becomes a waxy substance. Soon, the digging hole turns into a tiny black dot with a slight depression around it: In the early stage of fruit damage, most of the larvae feed under the peel, and the insect tunnel is curved, causing the fruit to develop into a deformed fruit with uneven shape, commonly known as "monkey head fruit". In the later stage of damage, the shape of the fruit changes little, and most of the larvae directly enter the deep layer of the fruit and feed directly in the center of the fruit. The insect tracts in the damaged fruits are filled with discolored granular insect feces, commonly known as "bean paste filling". When the larvae mature, they fall out of the fruit, leaving obvious holes on the fruit surface, often with insect feces outside the holes. NY/T1610--2008
Appendix E
(Informative Appendix)
Reference control indicators of peach borer under different unit yield of apple (ovarian rate limit)
657m2Unit yield (kg)
Below 1100
= _00-1400
1 401--1 600
= 601-2 200
2 201-~3 330
Above 3301
Below 200
80--1 000
1 00]---1 200
= 201~-1 590
1 5012 2C
Above 2200
Control methods
Underground shade
Control on trees
Control on trees1 Generation peach borer prediction model report (M1SX4) Reporting time: Report once before the end of April Compilation project
Report code
Inquiry period,)
Local apple orchard area (hm2)
Fruit encapsulation rate in the previous month ()
Average number of fruit-dropping holes per fruit in the first ten days of August (pcs) Fruit-dropping rate before harvest in the previous year (5)
Average number of fruit-dropping holes per fruit before harvest in the previous year (pcs) Yield of 667m2 orchard in the previous year (kg)
Average fruit weight of fruit in the previous year (kg)
Expected occurrence degree of the first generation (level)
Expected area of occurrence (hm2)
Expected suitable period for ground control (month, day)
Compilation unit
Report code
2 Generation peach borer prediction model report (M2SX A) Reporting time: once in the first ten days of August
Reporting items and
Survey date (August 5 to August 5)
Average number of roaches per lure (heads)
Average number of eggs per fruit (grains)
Egg-fruit rate ()
Fruit-fruit rate compared to the average of previous years - Increase/decrease ratio (%)
Pear and fruit）
Electricity collection rate is higher than the average increase rate of previous years (%)
Expected second generation occurrence level (level)
Expected outbreak area (hm)
Estimated suitable period for prevention and control (month, day)
Reporting unit
NY/T1610—2008
Reporting procedure
Reporting sequence
NY/T 1610--2008
Appendix C
[Informative Appendix]
Morphological characteristics of peach borer
Adult: The whole body is light gray-brown, the female body length is 7mm~8, the wingspan is 16mm~18mm, and the male is slightly smaller. There is a blue-black, almost blue-horn-shaped spot near the front edge of the front wings. There are 7 clusters of dark-colored oblique scales from the base to the middle of the wings. The hind wings are gray. The antennae of the female moth are filamentous, and the lower corridor whiskers are long and straight and curled forward. The antennae of the moth are tooth-shaped, and the whiskers of the lower lip are short and upturned. The eggs are red, dark red when they are about to hatch, oval, 0.4mm~0.41mm long and 0.31mm~0.361mr wide, with oval engravings on the surface, and 2~3 circles of ""-shaped spines around the top. Larvae: newly hatched larvae are light yellow and concave; mature larvae are pink: resting length is 1mn16m, head and pronotum are dark brown, pronotum hair group has two vibrations of bristles, abdominal toes are arranged in a single order, and there is no anal ladder. There are two types of cocoons: summer fireflies and winter fireflies. The wintering larvae are fan-shaped, 4.5mm~6.2mm long, 3.2mm~5.2mm wide, with a tight texture, covering the old dormant larvae. Summer drought spindle-shaped: 7.8mm~9.9mm long, 3.2mm~5.2mm wide, loose texture: one end has a molting hole, covering the body.
Newt: yellow-white, 6.5rrm~8.6mm long, just yellowish, gray-black when close to molting, with smooth and thornless walls. 8
Appendix D
(Informative Appendix)
Symptoms of peach borer: NY/T1610-2008
Peach borer damages the fruit with its larvae. When the larvae first hatch, they dig from the surface of the fruit and leave a needle-sized digging hole. After 2 to 3 days, the hole overflows with juice in the form of water beads. After withering, it becomes a waxy substance. Soon, the digging hole turns into a tiny black dot with a slight depression around it: In the early stage of fruit damage, most of the larvae feed under the peel, and the insect tunnel is curved, causing the fruit to develop into a deformed fruit with uneven shape, commonly known as "monkey head fruit". In the later stage of damage, the shape of the fruit changes little, and most of the larvae directly enter the deep layer of the fruit and feed directly in the center of the fruit. The insect tracts in the damaged fruits are filled with discolored granular insect feces, commonly known as "bean paste filling". When the larvae mature, they fall out of the fruit, leaving obvious holes on the fruit surface, often with insect feces outside the holes. NY/T1610--2008
Appendix E
(Informative Appendix)
Reference control indicators of peach borer under different unit yield of apple (ovarian rate limit)
657m2Unit yield (kg)
Below 1100
= _00-1400
1 401--1 600
= 601-2 200
2 201-~3 330
Above 3301
Below 200
80--1 000
1 00]---1 200
= 201~-1 590
1 5012 2C
Above 2200
Control methods
Underground shade
Control on trees
Control on trees1 Generation peach borer prediction model report (M1SX4) Reporting time: Report once before the end of April Compilation project
Report code
Inquiry period,)
Local apple orchard area (hm2)
Fruit encapsulation rate in the previous month ()
Average number of fruit-dropping holes per fruit in the first ten days of August (pcs) Fruit-dropping rate before harvest in the previous year (5)
Average number of fruit-dropping holes per fruit before harvest in the previous year (pcs) Yield of 667m2 orchard in the previous year (kg)
Average fruit weight of fruit in the previous year (kg)
Expected occurrence degree of the first generation (level)
Expected area of occurrence (hm2)
Expected suitable period for ground control (month, day)
Compilation unit
Report code
2 Generation peach borer prediction model report (M2SX A) Reporting time: once in the first ten days of August
Reporting items and
Survey date (August 5 to August 5)
Average number of roaches per lure (heads)
Average number of eggs per fruit (grains)
Egg-fruit rate ()
Fruit-fruit rate compared to the average of previous years - Increase/decrease ratio (%)
Pear and fruit）
Electricity collection rate is higher than the average increase rate of previous years (%)
Expected second generation occurrence level (level)
Expected outbreak area (hm)
Estimated suitable period for prevention and control (month, day)
Reporting unit
NY/T1610—2008
Reporting procedure
Reporting sequence
NY/T 1610--2008
Appendix C
[Informative Appendix]
Morphological characteristics of peach borer
Adult: The whole body is light gray-brown, the female body length is 7mm~8, the wingspan is 16mm~18mm, and the male is slightly smaller. There is a blue-black, almost blue-horn-shaped spot near the front edge of the front wings. There are 7 clusters of dark-colored oblique scales from the base to the middle of the wings. The hind wings are gray. The antennae of the female moth are filamentous, and the lower corridor whiskers are long and straight and curled forward. The antennae of the moth are tooth-shaped, and the whiskers of the lower lip are short and upturned. The eggs are red, dark red when they are about to hatch, oval, 0.4mm~0.41mm long and 0.31mm~0.361mr wide, with oval engravings on the surface, and 2~3 circles of ""-shaped spines around the top. Larvae: newly hatched larvae are light yellow and concave; mature larvae are pink: resting length is 1mn16m, head and pronotum are dark brown, pronotum hair group has two vibrations of bristles, abdominal toes are arranged in a single order, and there is no anal ladder. There are two types of cocoons: summer fireflies and winter fireflies. The wintering larvae are fan-shaped, 4.5mm~6.2mm long, 3.2mm~5.2mm wide, with a tight texture, covering the old dormant larvae. Summer drought spindle-shaped: 7.8mm~9.9mm long, 3.2mm~5.2mm wide, loose texture: one end has a molting hole, covering the body.
Newt: yellow-white, 6.5rrm~8.6mm long, just yellowish, gray-black when close to molting, with smooth and thornless walls. 8
Appendix D
(Informative Appendix)
Symptoms of peach borer: NY/T1610-2008
Peach borer damages the fruit with its larvae. When the larvae first hatch, they dig from the surface of the fruit and leave a needle-sized digging hole. After 2 to 3 days, the hole overflows with juice in the form of water beads. After withering, it becomes a waxy substance. Soon, the digging hole turns into a tiny black dot with a slight depression around it: In the early stage of fruit damage, most of the larvae feed under the peel, and the insect tunnel is curved, causing the fruit to develop into a deformed fruit with uneven shape, commonly known as "monkey head fruit". In the later stage of damage, the shape of the fruit changes little, and most of the larvae directly enter the deep layer of the fruit and feed directly in the center of the fruit. The insect tracts in the damaged fruits are filled with discolored granular insect feces, commonly known as "bean paste filling". When the larvae mature, they fall out of the fruit, leaving obvious holes on the fruit surface, often with insect feces outside the holes. NY/T1610--2008
Appendix E
(Informative Appendix)
Reference control indicators of peach borer under different unit yield of apple (ovarian rate limit)
657m2Unit yield (kg)
Below 1100
= _00-1400
1 401--1 600
= 601-2 200
2 201-~3 330
Above 3301
Below 200
80--1 000
1 00]---1 200
= 201~-1 590
1 5012 2C
Above 2200
Control methods
Underground shade
Control on trees
Control on trees
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