This standard is formulated to unify heating terms and their definitions, realize the standardization of professional terms, promote the development of heating technology, and facilitate domestic and foreign exchanges. This standard is applicable to heating and related fields. CJJ 55-1993 Heating Terminology Standard CJJ55-1993 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
#Heating Terminology Standard
CJJ55-93
Editor: Harbin Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering Approval Department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China Effective Date: July 1, 1994
Notice on the Release of Industry Standard
"Heating Terminology Standard"
Jianbiao (1993) No. 923
According to the requirements of the Ministry of Construction (90) Jianbiao No. 407, the "Heating Terminology Standard" edited by Harbin Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering has been reviewed and approved as an industry standard, numbered CJJ55-93, and will be implemented from July 1, 1994. This standard is managed by the Ministry of Construction's Urban Construction Standards and Technology Management Unit, the Ministry of Construction's Urban Construction Research Institute, and its specific interpretation is the responsibility of Harbin Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Published by the Standard and Norms Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
January 3, 1994
1 General
Basic terms
2.1 Heating
2.2 Heating medium and its parameters
2.3 Heating system
3 Heat load and heat consumption
3.1 Heat load
3.2 Heat index and heat consumption
3.3 Load diagram and heat load duration diagram
4 Heating source
Heating source
Boiler room and its auxiliary equipment
4.3 Thermal power plant
Heating pipeline
5.3 Laying of heating pipelines
5.4 Pipe supports and brackets
5.5 Insulation and anti-corrosion
Heat compensation|| tt||6 Heat station and heat users
6.1 Heat station and relay pump station
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6.2 Heat exchanger.
6.3 Heat users and their connection methods
6.4 Control valve·
7 Hydraulic calculation and strength calculation| |tt||7.1 Hydraulic calculation of heating network
7.2 Strength calculation of heating pipes
8 Constant pressure and hydraulic conditions of hot water heating system8.1 Constant pressure of hot water heating system
8.2 Water pressure diagram
8.3 Hydraulic conditions and thermal conditions
9 Heating regulation, operation management, test and trial operation9.1 Regulation
9.2 Operation management
9.3 Test and trial operation
Appendix A Index of Chinese Pinyin terms
Appendix B
Appendix C
Index of English terms
Terms used in this standard
Additional instructions||tt ||Article Explanation
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1..1 This standard is formulated to unify heating terms and their definitions, realize the standardization of professional terms, promote the development of heating technology, and facilitate domestic and international exchanges. 1.0.2 This standard applies to heating and related fields. 1.0.3 The use of heating terms and their definitions shall comply with the provisions of this standard. The terms not included in this standard and related to heat supply shall comply with the provisions of the relevant national terminology standards in force.
Basic terms
2.1.1 Heat-supply
The technology of supplying heat energy to heat users.
2.1.2 Heat-supply engineeringThe engineering of producing, distributing and applying medium and low-grade heat energy. 2.1.3 Centralized heat-supplyThe supply of heat from one or more heat sources to a city, a city or some regional heat users through a heat network.
2..4 Group heating
Centralized heating in which multiple small heating systems are connected into one. 2.ls Regional heatingCentralized heating in a certain area of ​​a city.
2.1.6 Municipal heat--supplyCentralized heating for several blocks or even the entire city. 2.1.7 Interutban heat--supply Centralized heat supply of several cities.
2.1.8 Decentralized heat-supply Single or small-scale heating mode with fewer heat users, smaller heat sources and smaller heat networks.
2.1.9 Heat-supply based upon heat and power cogeneration
Centralized heating based on combined heat and power generation.
2.1.10 Share of cogenerated heat in maximum heating load
The share of the maximum heating capacity of combined heat and power generation in the maximum heat load of the heating area. 2.1.11 Cogeneration level The ratio of the power generated by combined heat and power in a thermal power plant to the heat supplied by steam that has done work in the turbine. Steam heat supply includes the heat supply from steam turbine extraction or tail exhaust to the external heating system and the heat supply from extraction to the heat recovery device for heating boiler water replenishment and feed water in the thermal power plant.
2.1.12 Heat and power cogeneration Heat and power cogeneration The combined production mode of electricity and usable heat energy produced by thermal power plants. 2.1.13 Separate generation of heat and power The production mode of electricity and heat energy produced by power plants and heating boiler rooms respectively. 2.1.14 Development program of municipal heat-supply
The work of determining the scale and steps of phased development of centralized heat supply according to the needs of urban construction development and the principle of combining short-term and long-term development with the national economic plan. 2.1.15 Heating capacity The maximum heat load that can be supplied by heating equipment or heating system. 2.1.16 Range of heat-supply service The length along the route from the heat source to the farthest thermal power station or heat user. 2.1.17 Area of ​​heat-supply service The building area of ​​the building to be heated.
2.1.18 Coverage factor of centralized heal-supply
The percentage of the heating area that has been provided with centralized heating to the building area that needs heating.
2.1.19 Reliability of heat-supply system The probability that a certain flow rate can be provided to heat users according to the specified heating medium and operating parameters within the specified operating cycle and that it can maintain uninterrupted operation. 2.1.20 Reservation characteristic of heat-supplysystem
-iiKAoNni KAca-
17—4
The performance of a heating system with a certain heating capacity under maintenance or accident conditions. 2.1.21 Two-way heat-supply Two-way heat-supply can supply heat to heat users from two directions.
2.1.22 Economical effect of heat-supply The economic benefits of the heating system in terms of energy saving, investment payback period, service life, etc.
2.1.23 Cost of heat-supply The sum of various operating expenses and depreciation expenses incurred in the production and distribution of heat energy. 2.1.24 specific fuel consumption chargeable to heat output
The amount of standard coal consumed per unit of heat output. 2.1.25 specific fuel consumption chargeable to power generation
The amount of standard coal consumed per unit of electricity produced. 2.1.26 specific fuel consumption chargeable to power output
The amount of standard coal consumed per unit of electricity produced. 2.1.27 heat rates
The price per unit of heat.
2.1.28 net investment for saving ofone ton of standard coal annually
The additional investment required to save one ton of standard coal annually by comparing cogeneration or other centralized heating methods with separate heat and power generation or decentralized heating, after deducting the investment required for the additional production capacity.
Heating medium and its parameters
2.2.1 Heating medium
Intermediate medium used to transfer heat energy in a heating system. 2.2.2 High-temperature hot water Hot water with a temperature exceeding 100℃.
2.2.3 Low-temperature hot water Hot water with a temperature lower than or equal to 100℃.
2.2.4 Supply water
Hot water supplied to a heating station or heat user.
2.2.5 Retum water
Hot water returned to a heat source or heating station.
2.2.6 Domestic hot-water Hot water used in people's daily life.
2.2.7 Saturated steam Steam with a temperature equal to the saturation temperature at the corresponding pressure. 2.2.8 Superheated steam Steam with a temperature higher than the saturation temperature at the corresponding pressure. 2.2.9 Flash steam
Steam produced by condensation due to the pressure drop below the saturation pressure corresponding to its temperature.
2.2.10 Condensate
Water formed by the condensation of steam.
2.2.11 Condensate in steam pipeline Condensate produced when steam is transported in a pipeline. 2.2.12 Make-up water
Part of the water added from the outside due to the decrease in water temperature, system leakage and the use of hot water by users.
2.2.13 Parameters of heating medium
Various physical quantities that describe the state characteristics of the heating medium. 2.2.14 Design temperature of supply water Design temperature of supply water The selected water temperature under the design condition. 2.2.15 Design temperature of return water Design temperature of return water The selected water temperature under the design condition. 2.2.16 Actual temperature of supplywateractual temperature of supplywaterThe actual temperature of supply water during operation.
2.2.17 Actual temperature of return wateractual temperature of return waterThe actual temperature of return water during operation.
2,2.18 Optimal temperature of supply wateroptimal temperature of supply waterThe optimal value of supply water temperature determined by technical and economic analysis, 2.2.19 Optimal temperature of return wateroptimal temperature of return waterThe optimal value of return water temperature determined by technical and economic analysis. 2.2.20 Design temperature difference between supply water and return waterdesign temperature difference between supply water and return waterThe difference between the design temperature of supply water and the design temperature of return water. 2.2.21 Actual temperature difference between supply water and return wateractual temperature difference between supply water and return waterThe difference between the actual temperature of supply water and the actual temperature of return water. 2.2.22 Optimal temperature difference between supply water and return wateroptimal temperature difference between supply water and return waterThe optimal value of the difference between the temperature of supply water and the temperature of return water under the design conditions determined by technical and economic analysis.
2.2.23 supply water pressurepressure of supply waterThe pressure in the water supply pipe in a hot water heating system. 2.2.24 return water pressurepressure of return waterThe pressure in the return pipe in a hot water heating system. 2.2.25 supply steam temperaturetemperature of supply steamThe steam temperature at the heat source outlet, user entrance or equipment entrance in a steam heating system.
2.2.26 supply steam pressurepressure of supply steamThe steam pressure at the heat source outlet, user entrance or equipment entrance in a steam heating system.
Heating system
2.3.1 heat supply systemheatrsupply systemA general term for systems that supply heat energy from a heat source to heat users through a heat network. 2.3.2 heat-supply systembased upon heatpower cogeneration piant
Heating system with a thermal power plant as the main heat source. 2.3.3 Heat-supply system based upon heating plant
Heating system with district heating boiler as main heat source. 2.3.4 Heat-supply system based upon industrial waste heat
Heating system with industrial waste heat as main heat source. 2.3.5 Heat-supply system based upon geo-thermal energy
Heating system with geothermal energy as main heat source. 2.3.6 Heat-supply system based upon garbage incineration plant
Heating system with garbage incineration plant as main heat source. 2.3.7 Heat-supply system based upon lowtemperature nuclear reactor
Heating system with lowtemperature nuclear reactor as main heat source. 2.3.8 Hot-water heat-supply system Heating system with hot water as heating medium.
2.3.9 Low-temperature hot water heat-supply system
Heating system with low-temperature water as heating medium. 2.3.10 High-temperature hot water heat-supply systembzxz.net
-iiKAoNniKAca-
Heating system with warm water as heating medium. 17-6
2.3.11 Closed-type hot-water heat-supplysystem
A heating system in which the heat user consumes the heat energy of the heating network but does not directly use the hot water. 2.3.12 Open-type hot-water heat-supplysystem
A heating system in which the heat user does not consume the heat energy of the heating network but directly uses the hot water.
2.3.13 Steam-supply systemSteamheat-supply systemA heating system in which the heating medium is steam.
2.3.14 Condensate return systemA system that collects the condensate in the heat-using equipment and the condensate along the steam pipeline and returns it to the heat source
2.3.15 Open-type condensate return system
A condensate return system that is isolated from the atmosphere. 2.3.16 Closed-type condensate return system
A condensate return system that is not open to the atmosphere. 2.3.17 Back-pressure condensate return system
A condensate return system that uses the back pressure of the steam trap as the power source. 2.3.18 Gravity condensate return system A condensate return system that uses the available condensate level energy as the power source. 2.3.19 Forced condensate return system A system that uses a pump or other equipment to force the condensate return. 23.20 Combined tundensal rerurm system A system that uses residual pressure, gravity, pressurization and other methods to recover condensate. 3. Heat load and heat consumption 3.1 Heat load 3.1.1 Heat load The heat supply required by the heat users (or heat-using equipment) of the heating system in unit time. Including heating, ventilation, air conditioning, production technology and hot water supply heat load. 3.1.2 Design heat load Design heating load The heat load under given design conditions. 3.1.3 Maximum heat load Maximum heating load The maximum value of the heat load that may occur under certain conditions (such as the lowest outdoor temperature, the maximum hourly water consumption, the maximum hourly steam consumption, etc.). 3.1.4 Actual heat load Actual heating load The real-time heat load during operation.
3.1.5Base heating loadBase heating loadRelatively stable heating load supplied by basic heat source. 3.1.6Peak heating loadPeak heating loadThe difference heating load provided by peak heating source that cannot be met by the heating capacity of basic heat source.
3.1.7Seasonal heating loadSeasonal heating loadHeating load required only in certain seasons of the year. 3.1.8Space-heating loadHeating load that can maintain the room at the required temperature during the heating period. Synonym: Heating load.
3.1.9Design space-heating loadDesign space-heating loadHeating load corresponding to the calculated outdoor temperature for heating. Synonym: Design space-heating load.
3.1.10Average space-heating load during heating period
The average value of heating load at different outdoor temperatures during the heating period, i.e. the heating load corresponding to the average outdoor temperature during the heating period. Synonyms: average heating load for ventilation during heating period; average heating load for heating during heating period. 3.1.11 heating load for ventilation and air-conditioning
is the heating load for heating the outdoor air entering the building from the ventilation and air-conditioning system. 3.1.12 design heating load for ventilation the ventilation heating load corresponding to the calculated outdoor temperature for ventilation in winter. 3.1.13 average heating load for ventilation during heating period the average value of the ventilation heating load at different outdoor temperatures during the heating period. 3.1.14 design heating load for air-conditioning
is the air-conditioning heating load corresponding to the calculated outdoor temperature for air conditioning in winter. 3.1.15 Average heating load for air-conditioning during heat-ing period averageheatingioadfor
air-conditioning during heat-ingperiod
The average value of air-conditioning heating load at different outdoor temperatures during the heating period 3.1.16 Year-round heating load year-round heating ioad The heating load that is not related to meteorological conditions and is required all year round. 3.1.17 Process-heating load process-heating load The heating load of heating equipment used in the production process. 3.1.18 Hot-water heating load hot-water heatingload The heating load of hot water consumed in life and production. 3.1.19 Maximum hot-water heating load maximumhot-waterheatingload
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The hot-water heating load corresponding to the maximum hourly water consumption of the hot-water supply system. 3.1.20 Average hot-water heating load average hot-water heating load The daily hot-water supply heat consumption (maximum day) is calculated as the average value over 24 hours. 3.1.21 Heat-supply load factor The ratio of the average heat load to the maximum heat load in a year or a heating period. 3.1.22 Number of working hours based on maximum load The number of working hours converted from the total heat consumption to the design heat load within a certain period of time (heating period). It is numerically equal to the ratio of the total heat consumption to the design heat load. 3.1.23 Hourly variation factor of heating load A coefficient not less than 1 introduced to consider the uneven variation of heat consumption during a day and night. It is equal to the ratio of the maximum heat load to the average heat load within a day. 3.1.24 Diversity factor A coefficient not greater than 1 introduced to consider that all heat-using equipment cannot have the maximum heat load at the same time when calculating the heat load of the production process. It represents the ratio of the actual maximum heat load when all heat-using equipment is in operation to the sum of the maximum heat loads of each heat-using equipment. 3.2
Heat index and heat consumption
3.2.1 Heat index heuting load data for ioad estimationHeat load or heat consumption per unit building area, unit volume and unit indoor and outdoor temperature difference.
3.2.2 Heating area heat index space-huating 1Jad dara per unit floorarea
Heating heat load per unit building area.
Synonym: heating area heat index.
3.2.3 Heating volume heat index
space-heating load data per unit building.ing volume
Heating heat load per unit building exterior volume under unit indoor and outdoor greenhouse. iiKAoNniKAca-
Synonym: heating volume heat index.
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2.4 Ventilation volume heat index ventilation heating load data per unit building volume
Ventilation heat load per unit building perimeter volume under unit indoor and outdoor temperature difference. 3.2.5 Hot water supply heat index heating load data per unit of hot-water usage
The average hot water supply heat load according to the building area using domestic hot water. 3.2.6 Heat consumption heat consumption
The heat consumed by different types of heat user systems (or heat-using equipment) in the heating system over a certain period of time.
32.7 Annual heat consumption annual heat consumption The total heat consumption of the heat user system or the entire heating system in one year. 3.2.8 Annual heat consumption on space-heat-ing
The total heat consumption of the heating system in…heating periods. Synonym: Annual heating heat consumption.
3.2.9Annual heat consumption on ventilation and air-conditioning Total heat consumption of ventilation and air-conditioning systems in one year. 3.2.10Annual heat consumption on process heating
Total heat consumption of production process heating systems in one year. 3.2.11Annual heat consumption on hot-water supply
Total heat consumption of hot-water supply systems in one year. 3.2.12Heat consumption quotaThe amount of heat consumption scheduled in the production process to complete a task or produce a certain product.
3.2.13Heat consumption quota per unit of product
The amount of heat consumption scheduled in the production process to produce a unit of product. 3.2.14Average hourly steam consumptionAverage hourly steam consumptionThe average value of the total steam consumption of steam-using equipment or production units in a certain period of time according to the number of hours in this period of time.
3.2.15 Maximum hourly steam consumption
maximum hourly steam consumptionThe maximum amount of steam consumed per hour by steam-using equipment or production units. 3.2.16 Hourly heat consumption on hot-water supply
The amount of heat consumed per hour by the hot-water supply system calculated according to the hot-water supply heat index or the hot-water supply water consumption standard.
3.2.17 Design hourly demand of hot-water.
The amount of water consumed per hour by the hot-water supply system calculated according to the hot-water supply water consumption standard.
Load diagram and heat load duration diagram
3.3.1 Heating load diagramHeating load diagramThe graph of the heat consumption per unit time of the heat users in the heating system changing with time. 3.3.2 Hourly variation graph of heat consumption in one day
The graph of the hourly variation of the heat load in the heating system during one day. The horizontal axis in the figure is hour (time), and the vertical axis is hourly heat consumption. 3.3.3 Monthly load graph
daily variation graph of heat consumption inone month
A graph showing the daily variation of heat load in a heating system in one month. The horizontal axis in the figure is day (time), and the vertical axis is daily heat consumption. monthly variation graph of heat consumption3.3.4 Annual load graph
in one year
A graph showing the monthly variation of heat load in a heating system in one year. The horizontal axis in the figure is month (time), and the vertical axis is monthly heat consumption. 3.3.5 Hourly variation graph of do-mestic hot-water consumption in oneday
A graph showing the hourly variation of water consumed by a hot water supply system during a day and night. The horizontal axis in the figure is hour (time), and the vertical axis is hourly water consumption. 3.3.6 Heating load duration graph Heating load duration graph The relationship between the change of heat load at different outdoor temperatures throughout the year or during the heating period and the corresponding duration. The area under the curve in the figure represents the total heat consumption throughout the year or during the heating period.
Heating source
Heating source
4.1.1 Heat source of heat--supply system The device that converts natural or artificial heat source into heat energy that meets the heating requirements is referred to as heat source.
4.1.2 Boiler plant
A complex of boilers and auxiliary equipment and facilities that ensure the normal operation of the boiler. 4.1.3 Regional heating boiler plant A boiler plant that serves as a heating source for a certain region. 4.1.4 Cogeneration power plant A factory that uses a thermal prime mover to drive a generator and can achieve cogeneration of heat and power. 4.1.5 Factory-owned cogeneration power plant Factory-owned cogeneration power plant A cogeneration power plant set up by the factory to ensure the power and heat supply of the factory. 4.1.6 Nuclear-powered cogeneration power plant A cogeneration power plant that uses the heat energy generated by nuclear fission or nuclear mutation as a heat source. 4.1.7 Low-temperature nuclear heating reactor A nuclear reactor with a working pressure lower than 1.5MPa and a core outlet temperature lower than 198°C for the purpose of heating.
4.1.8 Industrial waste Heat released by products, emissions and equipment in the process of industrial production. 4.1.9 Heat pump A device that generates heat energy by using a reverse thermodynamic cycle. 4.1.10 Base-load heat source-iiKAoNni KAca-
The heat source that runs at full power for the longest time during the entire heating period4.1.11 Peak-load heat source17—10
When the heat production capacity of the base heat source cannot meet the actual heat load requirements, the heat source that is put into operation to make up for the difference.
4.1.12 Standby heat sourceThe heat source that is put into operation under maintenance or accident conditions. 4.2
Boiler room and its auxiliary equipment
4.2.1. Heating boilerHeating boilerA boiler that produces steam or (and) hot water and sends it to the heating network to supply heat users. Synonym: industrial boiler.
4.2.2Boiler auxiliariesIn addition to the boiler body, the equipment involved in the operation of the boiler. Including: equipment and monitoring systems for water, coal, ash, slag, smoke, wind and other systems. 4.2.3 Forced draft fan A fan that delivers the air required for combustion into the furnace. 4.2.43 Induced draft fan A fan that sucks out the combustion products in the furnace and delivers them to the smokestack. 4.2.5 Dust collector DTAST trap A device that separates and captures dust particles entrained in the gas. 4.2.6 Boiler feed-water pump A water pump that delivers water to the boiler to maintain a safe water level in the steam boiler. 4.2.7 Boiler circulation pump A water pump that provides the water circulation pressure head in the boiler in a forced circulation or combined circulation boiler system.
4.2.8 Make-p water pump of heat-supply network
A water pump that supplies water from outside the system to the system to maintain a reasonable pressure condition in the heat network.
4.2.9 Circulation pump of heat-supply lietwork A water pump that circulates water in the hot water network. 4.2.10 Variable speed pump A water pump that can change the speed.
4.2.11 Standby pump
A water pump that is set up for maintenance, accident handling and to ensure normal operation. 4.2.12 Heat-storing device A device that can store excess heat when the heat supply of the heat source exceeds the heat demand of the heat user, and release the stored heat to make up for the difference between supply and demand when the heat supply of the heat source is insufficient.
4.2.13 Boiler water treatment Boiler water treatment Measures that use physical and/or chemical methods to make the water quality in the boiler meet the requirements of boiler safety and economic operation.
4.2.14 Boiler feed-water treatment Water treatment of boiler feed water before it enters the boiler. 4.2.15 Boiler water conditioning Water treatment by adding substances with anti-scaling or corrosion-inhibiting effects to water. 4.2.16 Vacuum deaeration Vacuum deaeration makes water boil under vacuum pressure, thereby releasing the gas and oxygen dissolved in the water.
4.2.17 Thermo-deaeration Heat water to boiling and try to expand the gas-water interface to remove dissolved gases and oxygen in the water.
4.2.18 Desorption deoxidation Mix water and oxygen-free gas intensively to release dissolved oxygen in the water.
4.2.19 Chemical deoxidation Contact water with appropriate substances to achieve deoxidation by combining these substances with dissolved oxygen in the water.
4.3.1 Turbine
Thermal power plant
A rotary power machine with blades that converts the energy of a fluid into mechanical work. 4.3.2 Gas turbine
A turbine that converts the energy of the combustion products of fuel or hot gas into mechanical work. 4.3.3 Steam turbine
A turbine that converts the heat energy of steam into mechanical work. 4.3.4 Condensing turbine A steam turbine that does not supply heat to the outside and discharges the expanded steam into the condenser. 4.3.5 Cogeneration turbine A steam turbine that not only outputs electrical energy but also supplies heat to the outside. 4.3.6 Back-pressure turbine A steam turbine that supplies heat to the outside and whose exhaust pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure. 4.3.7 Extraction turbine A steam turbine that extracts part of the expanded steam before it flows to the exhaust port at the rear end to supply heat to the outside.
4.3.8 Back-pressure turbine with intermediate bleed-off
A back-pressure turbine with an intermediate bleed-off. 4.3.9 Primary calorifier A heat exchanger that runs from the beginning to the end of the heating period and is used to heat the circulating water of the heat network when the thermal power plant is the heat source.
4.3.10 Peak-load calorifier
When the thermal power plant is the heat source, in order to increase the water supply temperature of the heat network, the heat exchanger used to heat the circulating water of the heat network is put into use when the basic heater cannot meet the heating requirements. 4.3.11 Desuperheater A device that throttles and humidifies the superheated steam to make it steam with lower pressure and lower temperature.
4.3.12 Operating with reduced vacuum A condensing steam turbine operates in a way that reduces the vacuum degree of the condenser. 4.3.13 Extracted steam from turbine Steam that is extracted from the turbine and used outside the turbine before it flows to the tail end. 4.3.14 Pressure of extracted steam from turbine
The pressure of extracted steam from turbine when it flows out of the extraction port. -iiKAoNni KAca=
5.1.1 Heat-supply network network
A pipeline system for transporting and distributing heat-supply medium from heat source to heat users, synonym: heat network.
5.1.2 Steam heat-supply network17— 12
A heat-supply network with steam as the heat-supply medium.
5.1.3 One-pipe steam heat-supply network One-pipe steam heat-supply network A steam heat-supply network with one steam supply pressure pipe from the heat source. 5.1.4 Two-pipe steam heat-supply network Two-pipe steam heat-supply network A steam heat-supply network with two steam supply pressure pipes from the heat source. 5.1.5 Multi-pipe steam heat-supply network Multi-pipe steam heat-supply network A steam heat-supply network with more than two steam supply pressure pipes from the heat source. 5.1.6 Hot-water heat-supply network A heat-supply network whose heating medium is hot water.
5.1.7 Closed-type hot-water heat-supply net+work
A heat-supply network with a closed hot-water heating system.
5.1.8 Open-type hot-water heat-supply net-work
A heat-supply network with an open hot-water heating system.
5.1.9 One-pipe hot-water heat-supply net-work
An open hot-water heat-supply network with only a water supply main and no return main to the heat source. 5.1.10 Two-pipe hot-water heat-supply networktwo-pipenetwork
hot-water
heat-supply
A hot-water heat-supply network consisting of a water supply main and a return main.14 Boiler feed-water treatment Water treatment of boiler feed water before it enters the boiler. 4.2.15 Boiler water conditioning Water treatment by adding substances with anti-scaling or corrosion-inhibiting effects into water. 4.2.16 Vacuum deaeration Make water boil under vacuum pressure, thereby releasing the gas and oxygen dissolved in the water.
4.2.17 Thermo-deaeration Heat water to boiling and try to expand the gas-water interface to remove the gas and oxygen dissolved in the water.
4.2.18 Desorption deoxidization Make water and oxygen-free gas mix strongly, thereby releasing the oxygen dissolved in the water.
4.2.19 Chemical deoxidization Make water contact with appropriate substances, and achieve the purpose of deoxidation by combining these substances with the oxygen dissolved in the water.
4.3.1 Turbine
Cogeneration plant
A rotary power machine with blades that converts the energy of a fluid into mechanical work. 4.3.2 Gas turbine
A turbine that converts the energy of the combustion products of fuel or hot gas into mechanical work. 4.3.3 Steam turbine
A turbine that expands steam and converts heat energy into mechanical work. 4.3.4 Condensing turbineA steam turbine that discharges the expanded steam into a condenser and does not supply heat to the outside. 4.3.5 Cogeneration turbineA steam turbine that not only outputs electrical energy but also supplies heat to the outside. 4.3.6 Back-pressure turbineA steam turbine that supplies heat with an exhaust pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. 4.3.7 Extraction turbine A steam turbine in which part of the steam after expansion and work is extracted before flowing to the exhaust port at the rear end for external heat supply.
4.3.8 Back-pressure turbine with intermediate bleed-off
A back-pressure turbine with an intermediate extraction port. 4.3.9 Primary calorifier A heat exchanger that runs from the beginning to the end of the heating period and is used to heat the circulating water of the heating network when the thermal power plant is the heat source.
4.3.10 Peak-load calorifier A heat exchanger that is used to heat the circulating water of the heating network when the primary calorifier cannot meet the heating requirements in order to increase the water supply temperature of the heating network when the thermal power plant is the heat source. 4.3.11 Desuperheater A device that throttles and humidifies the superheated steam to make it steam with lower pressure and lower temperature.
4.3.12 operating with reduced vacuum A condensing steam turbine operates in a manner that reduces the vacuum of the condenser. 4.3.13 extracted steam from turbine Steam extracted from turbine Steam used outside the turbine before it reaches the tail end. 4.3.14 pressure of extracted steam from turbine
The pressure at which the extracted steam from the turbine flows out of the extraction port. -iiKAoNni KAca=
5.1.1 heat-supply network network
A pipeline system that transports and distributes heat-supply media from heat sources to heat users. Synonym: thermal network.
5.1.2 steam heat-supply network 17— 12
A heat-supply network in which the heat-supply media is steam.
5.1.3One-pipe steam heat-supply networkOne-pipe steam heat-supply networkA steam heat-supply network with one steam supply pressure pipe drawn from the heat source. 5.1.4Two-pipe steam heat-supply networkTwo-pipe steam heat-supply networkA steam heat-supply network with two steam supply pressure pipes drawn from the heat source. 5.1.5Multi-pipe steam heat-supply networkMulti-pipe steam heat-supply networkA steam heat-supply network with more than two steam supply pressure pipes drawn from the heat source. 5.1.6Hot-water heat-supply networkA heat-supply network with hot water as the heating medium.
5.1.7Closed-type hot-water heat-supply net+work
A heat-supply network of a closed hot-water heat-supply system.
5.1.8Open-type hot-water heat-supply net-work
A heat-supply network of an open hot-water heat-supply system.
5.1.9 One-pipe hot-water heat-supply net-work
Open hot-water heat-supply net-work with only a water supply main and no return main to the heat source. 5.1.10 Two-pipe hot-water heat-supply net-work two-pipenetwork
hot-water
heat-supply
A hot-water heat-supply net-work consisting of a water supply main and a return main.14 Boiler feed-water treatment Water treatment of boiler feed water before it enters the boiler. 4.2.15 Boiler water conditioning Water treatment by adding substances with anti-scaling or corrosion-inhibiting effects into water. 4.2.16 Vacuum deaeration Make water boil under vacuum pressure, thereby releasing the gas and oxygen dissolved in the water.
4.2.17 Thermo-deaeration Heat water to boiling and try to expand the gas-water interface to remove the gas and oxygen dissolved in the water.
4.2.18 Desorption deoxidization Make water and oxygen-free gas mix strongly, thereby releasing the oxygen dissolved in the water.
4.2.19 Chemical deoxidization Make water contact with appropriate substances, and achieve the purpose of deoxidation by combining these substances with the oxygen dissolved in the water.
4.3.1 Turbine
Cogeneration plant
A rotary power machine with blades that converts the energy of a fluid into mechanical work. 4.3.2 Gas turbine
A turbine that converts the energy of the combustion products of fuel or hot gas into mechanical work. 4.3.3 Steam turbine
A turbine that expands steam and converts heat energy into mechanical work. 4.3.4 Condensing turbineA steam turbine that discharges the expanded steam into a condenser and does not supply heat to the outside. 4.3.5 Cogeneration turbineA steam turbine that not only outputs electrical energy but also supplies heat to the outside. 4.3.6 Back-pressure turbineA steam turbine that supplies heat with an exhaust pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. 4.3.7 Extraction turbine A steam turbine in which part of the steam after expansion and work is extracted before flowing to the exhaust port at the rear end for external heat supply.
4.3.8 Back-pressure turbine with intermediate bleed-off
A back-pressure turbine with an intermediate extraction port. 4.3.9 Primary calorifier A heat exchanger that runs from the beginning to the end of the heating period and is used to heat the circulating water of the heating network when the thermal power plant is the heat source.
4.3.10 Peak-load calorifier A heat exchanger that is used to heat the circulating water of the heating network when the primary calorifier cannot meet the heating requirements in order to increase the water supply temperature of the heating network when the thermal power plant is the heat source. 4.3.11 Desuperheater A device that throttles and humidifies the superheated steam to make it steam with lower pressure and lower temperature.
4.3.12 operating with reduced vacuum A condensing steam turbine operates in a manner that reduces the vacuum of the condenser. 4.3.13 extracted steam from turbine Steam extracted from turbine Steam used outside the turbine before it reaches the tail end. 4.3.14 pressure of extracted steam from turbine
The pressure at which the extracted steam from the turbine flows out of the extraction port. -iiKAoNni KAca=
5.1.1 heat-supply network network
A pipeline system that transports and distributes heat-supply media from heat sources to heat users. Synonym: thermal network.
5.1.2 steam heat-supply network 17— 12
A heat-supply network in which the heat-supply media is steam.
5.1.3One-pipe steam heat-supply networkOne-pipe steam heat-supply networkA steam heat-supply network with one steam supply pressure pipe drawn from the heat source. 5.1.4Two-pipe steam heat-supply networkTwo-pipe steam heat-supply networkA steam heat-supply network with two steam supply pressure pipes drawn from the heat source. 5.1.5Multi-pipe steam heat-supply networkMulti-pipe steam heat-supply networkA steam heat-supply network with more than two steam supply pressure pipes drawn from the heat source. 5.1.6Hot-water heat-supply networkA heat-supply network with hot water as the heating medium.
5.1.7Closed-type hot-water heat-supply net+work
A heat-supply network of a closed hot-water heat-supply system.
5.1.8Open-type hot-water heat-supply net-work
A heat-supply network of an open hot-water heat-supply system.
5.1.9 One-pipe hot-water heat-supply net-work
Open hot-water heat-supply net-work with only a water supply main and no return main to the heat source. 5.1.10 Two-pipe hot-water heat-supply net-work two-pipenetwork
hot-water
heat-supply
A hot-water heat-supply net-work consisting of a water supply main and a return main.3.11 desuperheater A device that throttles and humidifies superheated steam to make it steam at a lower pressure and lower temperature.
4.3.12 operating with reduced vacuum A condensing steam turbine that operates in a way that reduces the vacuum of the condenser. 4.3.13 extracted steam from turbine Steam that is extracted from the turbine for use outside the turbine before it reaches the tail end. 4.3.14 pressure of extracted steam from turbine
The pressure at which the extracted steam from the turbine flows out of the steam extraction port. -iiKAoNni KAca=
5.1.1 heat-supply network
A pipeline system that transports and distributes heat-supply medium from heat sources to heat users. Synonym: thermal network.
5.1.2 Steam heat-supply network17— 12
Heat-supply network with steam as the heating medium.
5.1.3 One-pipe steam heat-supply network One-pipe steam heat-supply network A steam heat-supply network with one steam supply pressure pipe drawn from the heat source. 5.1.4 Two-pipe steam heat-supply network Two-pipe steam heat-supply network A steam heat-supply network with two steam supply pressure pipes drawn from the heat source. 5.1.5 Multi-pipe steam heat-supply network Multi-pipe steam heat-supply network A steam heat-supply network with more than two steam supply pressure pipes drawn from the heat source. 5.1.6 Hot-water heat-supply network Hot-water heat-supply network A heat-supply network with hot water as the heating medium.
5.1.7 Closed-type hot-water heat-supply net+work
A heat-supply network with a closed hot-water heating system.
5.1.8 Open-type hot-water heat-supply net-work
Open-type hot-water heat-supply net-work.
5.1.9 One-pipe hot-water heat-supply net-work
Open-type hot-water heat-supply net-work with only a water supply main and no return main to the heat source. 5.1.10 Two-pipe hot-water heat-supply net-work
hot-water
heat-supply
Hot-water heat-supply net-work consisting of a water supply main and a return main.3.11 desuperheater A device that throttles and humidifies superheated steam to make it steam at a lower pressure and lower temperature.
4.3.12 operating with reduced vacuum A condensing steam turbine that operates in a way that reduces the vacuum of the condenser. 4.3.13 extracted steam from turbine Steam that is extracted from the turbine for use outside the turbine before it reaches the tail end. 4.3.14 pressure of extracted steam from turbine
The pressure at which the extracted steam from the turbine flows out of the steam extraction port. -iiKAoNni KAca=
5.1.1 heat-supply network
A pipeline system that transports and distributes heat-supply medium from heat sources to heat users. Synonym: thermal network.
5.1.2 Steam heat-supply network17— 12
Heat-supply network with steam as the heating medium.
5.1.3 One-pipe steam heat-supply network One-pipe steam heat-supply network A steam heat-supply network with one steam supply pressure pipe drawn from the heat source. 5.1.4 Two-pipe steam heat-supply network Two-pipe steam heat-supply network A steam heat-supply network with two steam supply pressure pipes drawn from the heat source. 5.1.5 Multi-pipe steam heat-supply network Multi-pipe steam heat-supply network A steam heat-supply network with more than two steam supply pressure pipes drawn from the heat source. 5.1.6 Hot-water heat-supply network Hot-water heat-supply network A heat-supply network with hot water as the heating medium.
5.1.7 Closed-type hot-water heat-supply net+work
A heat-supply network with a closed hot-water heating system.
5.1.8 Open-type hot-water heat-supply net-work
Open-type hot-water heat-supply net-work.
5.1.9 One-pipe hot-water heat-supply net-work
Open-type hot-water heat-supply net-work with only a water supply main and no return main to the heat source. 5.1.10 Two-pipe hot-water heat-supply net-work
hot-water
heat-supply
Hot-water heat-supply net-work consisting of a water supply main and a return main.
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