SY/T 10021-1998 Technical Guide for Offshore 3D Seismic Data Processing
Some standard content:
ICS75.020
Registration No.: 1891-1998
People's Republic of China Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Standard SY/T10021—1998
Technical Guide for Marine 3-D Seismic Data Processing Processing199806-07 Issued
China Offshore Shishan Corporation
1998-10-01 Implementation
SY/T10021—1998
Policy Statement
E Scope
2 Original Data
3 Positioning Data
4 Data Processing
I++I++++I+-T
Processing Results and Data Archiving
SY/T10021-1998
This standard is based on the development of offshore one-dimensional seismic exploration data processing technology and the actual situation of three-dimensional data processing. According to (GB/T I.1-1993, and with reference to the enterprise standard Q/CXXC.T10.3.021995. Compared with the enterprise standard Q/C(KCT103.02-1995, this standard has not adjusted the basic structure of the environmental standard except for adding the number and the preamble, but has made important revisions to the contents of Chapters 4-8 of the original standard, making this standard more complete and accurate, such as shortening the 8 chapters of the original standard to 5 chapters; for example, this revision emphasizes "surface element homogenization" as a must-do item and puts it in the first place and raises its specific quality requirements; for example, the conventional combat test in Chapter 5, Section 2 of the original standard was revised to "treatment test" in Chapter 4, Section 2, and then further revised to "must-do item ""option""; this revision adds quality requirements in all major links.
This standard shall be implemented from October 1, 1998. This standard is proposed and managed by China National Offshore Oil Corporation. The drafting unit of this standard: China National Offshore Oil Corporation. The main drafters of this standard: Lin Jiwu, Ou Shouquan, Zhang Chang. The chief reviewer of this standard: Zhang Zhenping
Policy Statement
Offshore oil and gas industry standard publications are only for general issues. When it comes to specific situations, national and local laws and regulations should be consulted.
Offshore oil and gas industry standard publications do not assume any responsibility for users, manufacturers or suppliers for their employees and other The Company does not provide advance notice and training on health, safety and hazard prevention to other field operators, nor does it assume any responsibility for them under national and local regulations. The contents of any offshore oil and gas industry standard publication shall not be interpreted, implicitly or otherwise, as granting any right to manufacture, sell or use any method, equipment or product involving patent rights, nor shall it assume any responsibility for any person who infringes patent rights. Generally, offshore oil and gas industry standards are reviewed, revised, re-certified or revoked at least every five years. Sometimes, this review cycle can be extended by one year, but not more than two years at most. Therefore, the validity period of the publication shall not exceed five years from the date of publication, unless the validity period is extended by authorization. The status of the publication can be inquired from the Secretariat of the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Standardization Technical Committee (Tel. 01064610022-7875, mailing address: Standardization Office of Offshore Oil Production Research Center, Box 235, Beijing, Postal Code 101149) or the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Standardization Technical Committee (Tel. 010-64665361, mailing address: Offshore Oil Science and Technology Office, 25th Floor, Dongjingxin Building, Sanyuanqiao, Beijing, Postal Code 100027).
The purpose of publishing offshore oil and gas industry standards is to promote proven, good engineering techniques and operating practices. It is not intended to eliminate the need to make a correct judgment on when and where to apply these techniques and practices. The development and publication of offshore oil and gas industry standards are not intended to restrict anyone from adopting any other techniques and practices in any way. This standard is available to anyone who wishes to adopt it. The Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Standardization Technical Committee and its authorized issuing units have made every effort to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained therein. However, the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Standardization Technical Committee and its authorized issuing units do not represent or guarantee the standards they publish, and hereby expressly state that the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Standardization Technical Committee and its authorized issuing units do not assume any obligation or responsibility for losses or damages caused by the use of these standards, for the use of standards that may conflict with any national or local regulations, and for the consequences of infringement of any patent rights caused by the use of these standards.
Offshore Oil and Gas Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China Technical Guide for Marine 3-D Seismic Data Processing This standard specifies the technical requirements for offshore 3-D seismic data processing. This standard applies to offshore three-dimensional seismic data processing. 2 Original data
2.1 Seismic instrument recording shift report
The main contents should include:
Construction area;
Time;
Ship number, team number, construction date;
Survey line number and navigation serial number;
Construction direction;
Recording factors, including instrument type, recording format, sampling rate, recording length, and recording density; SY/T10021-1998bzxZ.net
Excitation factors, including the interval between homologous shots, excitation method, source serial number, source capacity, airgun working pressure, source sinking depth, delayed receiving factors, including the number of cable tracks, track spacing, offset distance, near-source track number, cable sinking depth, and cable feather angle; Construction system configuration diagram
The correspondence between the source and the shot number during multi-source and multi-cable construction: The correspondence between the shot number and the recording number:
k) Water depth, wind speed, and wave height.
2.2 Seismic data tape
Seismic data tape is a field data tape or a copy tape after the field tape is converted into a different format. The tape label should indicate the region name, survey line number, tape number, start and end file number, start and end shot number, recording format, recording length and sampling rate, etc. 2.3 Seismic wavelet.
3 Positioning data
3.1 UKOOAP1/×× format positioning data tape. 3.2 Acquisition construction design drawings, on which the origin of the three-dimensional work area (or the coordinates of the endpoints around the work area) and the azimuth of the survey line should be indicated. 4 Data processing
4.1 Main items and technical requirements for data processing 4.1.1 Data format conversion
Data format conversion is to convert the input tape data into data accepted by the processing system. The accuracy of the input data should not be reduced during the conversion process. 4.1.2 Bad shot and channel editing and pre-selection denoising
Delete abnormal shots, channels and field values, eliminate the noise that affects the superposition effect, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Approved by China National Offshore Oil Corporation on June 7, 1998 and implemented on October 1, 1998
4.1.3 Bin averaging (dynamic binning)
SY/T10021—1998
4.1.3.1 Determine the processing origin coordinates, the inline axis and the vertical line direction (CR(SSLINIE) axis) 4.1.3.2 Determine the bin size
4.1.3.3 Apply positioning data to perform bin coverage averaging calculations 4.1.3.4 Combine seismic data and positioning data to achieve element averaging and expansion. 4.1.4 Vibration compensation Perform amplitude compensation to eliminate the amplitude reduction of seismic waves during propagation. 4.1.5 Source wavelet anti-integration Reshape the source wavelet to improve the resolution of seismic recording. 4.1.6 Anti-integration Attenuate multiple waves, compress seismic wavelets, and improve resolution. 4.1.7 Static correction
4.1.7.1 Source and instrument delay correction, cable and source correction to sea level4.1.7.2 Submarine cable data acquisition should use residual static correction. When calculating residual static correction, choose a reflective surface with strong reflection and good continuity: the profile of residual static correction should not be lower than the profile quality before static correction. 4.1.8 Velocity analysis
4.1.8.1 The density of velocity analysis points is selected according to the formation dip angle. There are at least - points per square kilometer. The larger the dip angle, the higher the density. The greater the density. 4.1.8.2 Select the appropriate number of bin gathers. Generally, the greater the inclination angle, the fewer bins, the lower the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic signal, and the more gathers. 4.1.8.3 More accurate prediction of velocity,
4.1.8.4 Reasonable velocity interpretation, refer to the initial section, consider the changes in geological structure, and pick correctly. 4.1.8.5 The velocity of the inclined stratum after the inclination time difference correction (DM0) should be reduced. Otherwise, the cause should be found. 4.1.9 Normal Moment Correction (NMO) Correction and Selected Use of Selected Velocity for Dynamic Correction (VMO) 4.1.10 DMO 4.1.11 Interpolation 4.1.12 Determine the auxiliary value interval according to the sampling interval of the RCSSLINE direction to eliminate the influence of false frequency and improve the migration effect. 4.1.12.1 The velocity field without dip correction needs to be corrected. 4.1.12.2 The velocity field without dip correction needs to be corrected. Velocity slide
4.1.12.3 Velocity field velocity calibration, 4.1.13 Post-transmission time migration
4.1.13.1 One-step time migration
4.1.13.2 Data volume migration velocity test, 4.1.13.3 Effective wave return after migration, breakpoints and sections are clear, there is no spatial false frequency and arcing phenomenon that affects seismic interpretation: When the signal-to-noise ratio is relatively low, do post-overlap denoising: 4.1.14 Filtering and amplitude equalization (gain)
After filtering and amplitude equalization processing, the effective reflection event axis has clear characteristics, which is conducive to the interpretation of seismic data , 4.1.15 Intermediate results display
In order to facilitate the comparison of processing results, the display direction and parameters are consistent. 4.2 Processing test
SY/T10621-1998
In order to obtain good processing results, experiments are used to determine the processing process and parameters. 4.2.1 Selection of experimental processing process
The processing process consists of a series of processing modules: The selection of processing process components should consider the following factors: a) underground geological conditions and exploration objectives;
b) T location and application conditions;
c) quality of original data;
) acquired processing experience.
4.2.2 Test items
4.2.2.1 Required items
Contents include:
a) Averaging:
b) Amplitude compensation;
c) Resection;
d) Pre-deconvolution:
) Iteration:
f) Migration:
g) Amplitude equalization:
h) Filtering;
i) Display.
4.2.2.2 Select items based on data conditions and processing objectives including:
a) Pre-deconvolution; Post-iteration denoising:
b) Source f-wave deconvolution;
c) Pre- and post-delivery frequency compensation:
d) One-dimensional IMO;
) Multiple wave removal.
4.2.3 Test method
The test items should be processed to make the old single parameter change. According to the technical requirements of 4.1, the selection of items and the selection of processing parameters are determined according to the treatment effect.
4.3 Batch quality control
4.3.1 Batch treatment process
The batch process is determined in 4.2.
4.3.2 Data format conversion
4.3.2.1 Remove the lost gun, the channel rate is not more than 1%, and the continuous lost gun is not more than 2 guns. If it exceeds this limit, it is proved to be a human problem. 4.3.2.2 According to the actual data, single gun and single channel display are made to determine the bad gun, bad channel and lost gun and channel. 4.3.3 Surface element averaging
Before averaging, check the correspondence and consistency of the positioning data survey line number, gun bow, cable number and ground data. 4.3.4 Merge seismic data with positioning data
After merging seismic data and positioning data, check the number of input channels and output channels of each survey line, and the range of INLINE and (ROSS LINE
4.3.5 Residual static correction
Check the rationality of the static correction amount, and check the profiles before and after INLINE and CROSS LINE static correction E 4.3.6 Velocity analysis
SY/T10021-1998
4.3.6.1 Display the layer velocity and selected acceleration profiles in the two directions of INLINE and CROSSLINE, and check the rationality of the velocity. 4.3.6.2 Velocity time slice display, check and adjust the abnormal velocity points. 4.3.6.3 Velocity point track set dynamic correction check. 4.3.7 DMO selection
Display INLINE and CROSSLINE at a certain interval LINE two-way profile, check the processing effect. 4.3.8 Interpolation
4.3.8.1 Display the CROSSLINE direction profile at a certain interval to check the processing effect. 4.3.8.2 Display the time slice profile to check the integrity of the interpolated data. 4.3.9 Post-iteration one-step time migration
Display the INLINE and CROSSLINE two-way profiles and time slices at a certain interval to check the migration processing effect. 5 Processing results and data archiving
5.1 Result profile display
5.1.1 The header
The content should include:
a) User name;
b) Work area name, survey line name, profile type: c) Field acquisition parameters;
d) Basic processing flow and main processing parameters e) Display direction, aspect ratio, and processing data recording polarity. 5.1.2 Surface
Inline and CROSSLINE numbers are marked at a certain interval on the top of the profile. 5.2 The results to be submitted mainly include: a) SEG-Y format results tape: results profiles, including INLINE profile, CROSSLNE profile and time slices: velocity spectra bound in books and velocity field data recorded in ASCII code; including, but not limited to the following contents: data processing report, content sales: origin coordinates, NE and CROSSLINE orientation, and bin size; INLINE geological tasks and processing requirements; processing workload and start and end dates; original data quality analysis; processing flow design and parameter test analysis; processing flow and effect analysis; problems encountered in processing and solutions; existing problems and suggestions; results tape list.
5.3 Archived data
Mainly include:
a) SEG-Y format data bands and corresponding lists for delivery and offset; b) Velocity spectrum and ASCII code velocity data; 4
c) Result profile displayed on film;
d) Processing report.
SY/T10021-19981. The required items include: a) averaging processing; b) amplitude compensation; c) excision; d) pre-deconvolution; f) offset; g) amplitude equalization; h) filtering; i) display. 4.2.2.2.2. The items selected according to the data conditions and processing objectives include: a) pre-deconvolution and post-deconvolution denoising; b) source f-wave deconvolution; c) pre-deconvolution and post-deconvolution frequency compensation; d) one-dimensional IMO; d) multiple wave removal.
4.2.3 Test method
The test items should be processed to make the old single parameter change. According to the technical requirements of 4.1, the selection of items and the selection of processing parameters are determined according to the treatment effect.
4.3 Batch quality control
4.3.1 Batch treatment process
The batch process is determined in 4.2.
4.3.2 Data format conversion
4.3.2.1 Remove the lost gun, the channel rate is not more than 1%, and the continuous lost gun is not more than 2 guns. If it exceeds this limit, it is proved to be a human problem. 4.3.2.2 According to the actual data, single gun and single channel display are made to determine the bad gun, bad channel and lost gun and channel. 4.3.3 Surface element averaging
Before averaging, check the correspondence and consistency of the positioning data survey line number, gun bow, cable number and ground data. 4.3.4 Merge seismic data with positioning data
After merging seismic data and positioning data, check the number of input channels and output channels of each survey line, and the range of INLINE and (ROSS LINE
4.3.5 Residual static correction
Check the rationality of the static correction amount, and check the profiles before and after INLINE and CROSS LINE static correction E 4.3.6 Velocity analysis
SY/T10021-1998
4.3.6.1 Display the layer velocity and selected acceleration profiles in the two directions of INLINE and CROSSLINE, and check the rationality of the velocity. 4.3.6.2 Velocity time slice display, check and adjust the abnormal velocity points. 4.3.6.3 Velocity point track set dynamic correction check. 4.3.7 DMO selection
Display INLINE and CROSSLINE at a certain interval LINE two-way profile, check the processing effect. 4.3.8 Interpolation
4.3.8.1 Display the CROSSLINE direction profile at a certain interval to check the processing effect. 4.3.8.2 Display the time slice profile to check the integrity of the interpolated data. 4.3.9 Post-iteration one-step time migration
Display the INLINE and CROSSLINE two-way profiles and time slices at a certain interval to check the migration processing effect. 5 Processing results and data archiving
5.1 Result profile display
5.1.1 The header
The content should include:
a) User name;
b) Work area name, survey line name, profile type: c) Field acquisition parameters;
d) Basic processing flow and main processing parameters e) Display direction, aspect ratio, and processing data recording polarity. 5.1.2 Surface
Inline and CROSSLINE numbers are marked at a certain interval on the top of the profile. 5.2 The results to be submitted mainly include: a) SEG-Y format results tape: results profiles, including INLINE profile, CROSSLNE profile and time slices: velocity spectra bound in books and velocity field data recorded in ASCII code; including, but not limited to the following contents: data processing report, content sales: origin coordinates, NE and CROSSLINE orientation, and bin size; INLINE geological tasks and processing requirements; processing workload and start and end dates; original data quality analysis; processing flow design and parameter test analysis; processing flow and effect analysis; problems encountered in processing and solutions; existing problems and suggestions; results tape list.
5.3 Archived data
Mainly include:
a) SEG-Y format data bands and corresponding lists for delivery and offset; b) Velocity spectrum and ASCII code velocity data; 4
c) Result profile displayed on film;
d) Processing report.
SY/T10021-19981. The required items include: a) averaging processing; b) amplitude compensation; c) excision; d) pre-deconvolution; f) offset; g) amplitude equalization; h) filtering; i) display. 4.2.2.2.2. The items selected according to the data conditions and processing objectives include: a) pre-deconvolution and post-deconvolution denoising; b) source f-wave deconvolution; c) pre-deconvolution and post-deconvolution frequency compensation; d) one-dimensional IMO; d) multiple wave removal.
4.2.3 Test method
The test items should be processed to make the old single parameter change. According to the technical requirements of 4.1, the selection of items and the selection of processing parameters are determined according to the treatment effect.
4.3 Batch quality control
4.3.1 Batch treatment process
The batch process is determined in 4.2.
4.3.2 Data format conversion
4.3.2.1 Remove the lost gun, the channel rate is not more than 1%, and the continuous lost gun is not more than 2 guns. If it exceeds this limit, it is proved to be a human problem. 4.3.2.2 According to the actual data, single gun and single channel display are made to determine the bad gun, bad channel and lost gun and channel. 4.3.3 Surface element averaging
Before averaging, check the correspondence and consistency of the positioning data survey line number, gun bow, cable number and ground data. 4.3.4 Merge seismic data with positioning data
After merging seismic data and positioning data, check the number of input channels and output channels of each survey line, and the range of INLINE and (ROSS LINE
4.3.5 Residual static correction
Check the rationality of the static correction amount, and check the profiles before and after INLINE and CROSS LINE static correction E 4.3.6 Velocity analysis
SY/T10021-1998
4.3.6.1 Display the layer velocity and selected acceleration profiles in the two directions of INLINE and CROSSLINE, and check the rationality of the velocity. 4.3.6.2 Velocity time slice display, check and adjust the abnormal velocity points. 4.3.6.3 Velocity point track set dynamic correction check. 4.3.7 DMO selection
Display INLINE and CROSSLINE at a certain interval LINE two-way profile, check the processing effect. 4.3.8 Interpolation
4.3.8.1 Display the CROSSLINE direction profile at a certain interval to check the processing effect. 4.3.8.2 Display the time slice profile to check the integrity of the interpolated data. 4.3.9 Post-iteration one-step time migration
Display the INLINE and CROSSLINE two-way profiles and time slices at a certain interval to check the migration processing effect. 5 Processing results and data archiving
5.1 Result profile display
5.1.1 The header
The content should include:
a) User name;
b) Work area name, survey line name, profile type: c) Field acquisition parameters;
d) Basic processing flow and main processing parameters e) Display direction, aspect ratio, and processing data recording polarity. 5.1.2 Surface
Inline and CROSSLINE numbers are marked at a certain interval on the top of the profile. 5.2 The results to be submitted mainly include: a) SEG-Y format results tape: results profiles, including INLINE profile, CROSSLNE profile and time slices: velocity spectra bound in books and velocity field data recorded in ASCII code; including, but not limited to the following contents: data processing report, content sales: origin coordinates, NE and CROSSLINE orientation, and bin size; INLINE geological tasks and processing requirements; processing workload and start and end dates; original data quality analysis; processing flow design and parameter test analysis; processing flow and effect analysis; problems encountered in processing and solutions; existing problems and suggestions; results tape list.
5.3 Archived data
Mainly include:
a) SEG-Y format data bands and corresponding lists for delivery and offset; b) Velocity spectrum and ASCII code velocity data; 4
c) Result profile displayed on film;
d) Processing report.
SY/T10021-19983 Archived data mainly include: a) Send and offset SEG-Y format data band and corresponding list; b) Velocity spectrum and ASCII code velocity data; c) Result profile displayed on film; d) Processing report. SY/T10021-19983 Archived data mainly include: a) Send and offset SEG-Y format data band and corresponding list; b) Velocity spectrum and ASCII code velocity data; c) Result profile displayed on film; d) Processing report. SY/T10021-1998
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