Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Reactive energy meters
GB/T15282-94
Replaces GB3924-83
This standard is equivalent to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Publication No. 145 (1963) "Var-hour (reactive energy) meter". 1 Scope
This standard is only applicable to the latest manufactured Class 2 and Class 3 general-purpose reactive energy meters (hereinafter referred to as meters) for measuring reactive energy in the frequency range of 45 to 65 Hz and their type inspection. This standard does not apply to special types of reactive energy meters (except multi-rate meters). When the meters described in this standard are used in connection with instrument transformers, this standard does not apply to instrument transformers. 2 Reference standards
GB/T15283
30.5, 1 and 2 level AC active energy meter
3 Definitions
In addition to the GB/T15283 definitions, the following terms and definitions are added. 3.1 Reactive energy meter reactiveenergymeter A meter that measures reactive energy by integrating reactive power over time (IEV301-04). 3.2 Reactive energy meter constant constantofareactiveenergymeter A coefficient given by the relationship between the reactive energy measured by the meter and the corresponding angular displacement of the rotor. Usually expressed in var-hours per revolution (var·h/r) or revolutions per thousand var-hours (r/kvar·h). 4 Classification
The meter is classified according to the following items:
According to the grade index, it is divided into 2 and 3 levels;
According to the phase angle, it is divided into three categories: 0°60°90°. 5 Mechanical requirements
5.1 General requirements
Shall comply with Article 5.1 of GB/T15283. 5.2 Meter case
Shall comply with Article 5.2 of GB/T15283. 5.3 Window
Shall comply with Article 5.3 of GB/T15283. 5.4 Terminals-terminal blocks-protective earth terminals shall comply with Article 5.4 of GB/T15283. Approved by the State Bureau of Technical Supervision on December 7, 1994 and implemented on May 1, 1995
5.5 Terminal covers
Shall comply with Article 5.5 of GB/T15283. 5.6 Insulated and enclosed Class I protective instruments
Shall comply with Article 5.6 of GB/T15283. 5.7 Non-flammability
Shall comply with the provisions of Article 5.7 of GB/T15283. 5.8 Meter (Counting Mechanism)
The meter can be of drum type or pointer type. GB/T 15282-94
The basic unit recorded by the meter shall be kilovar hour (kvar·h) or megavar hour (Mvar·h). In a drum meter, the basic unit recorded by the meter shall be marked adjacent to the drum assembly. In a drum meter, only the last drum, i.e. the rightmost drum, can rotate continuously. In a pointer meter, the unit recorded by the meter shall be marked adjacent to the unit dial in the form of 1kva·h/div or 1Mvar·h/div, and multiples of 10 may be marked adjacent to the dial. For example, for an instrument measuring in kilovar hours, the unit dial shall be marked with 1 kvar·h/div, and the other dials adjacent to the left of the unit dial shall be marked with 101001000, etc. Continuously rotating drums, or dials indicating the lowest value, shall be graduated and numbered in ten divisions, each division shall be subdivided into ten parts or any other arrangement that ensures the same reading accuracy. The drum of a drum meter indicating the decimal part of the unit or the dial of a pointer meter, if readable, shall be circled with a color circle or colored itself.
The meter shall be able to record at least 1500h from zero and record electrical energy at the rated maximum current when the reference voltage and power factor are 1. Any higher value may be agreed upon between the parties concerned. The meter marking shall be indelible and easy to read 6 Electrical requirements
6.1 Basic current of the standard
See GB/T15283, Section 6.1.
6.2 Standard reference voltage
See GB/T15283, Section 6.2.
6.3 Power loss
a. Voltage circuit
At the reference voltage, reference temperature and reference frequency, the active power and apparent power loss of each voltage circuit of the instrument shall not exceed 5W and 10V·A.
b. Current circuit
For instruments with a basic current less than 30A, the apparent power lost in each current circuit of the directly connected instrument shall not exceed 5V·A at the basic current, reference frequency and reference temperature. At the reference temperature and reference frequency, the apparent power lost in each current circuit of the instrument used through the current transformer shall not exceed 2.5V·A when its current value is equal to the rated secondary current value of the corresponding transformer. Note: The rated secondary current is the secondary current value of the current transformer, and the characteristics of the transformer are based on this value. The standard value of the rated extended secondary current is 120%, 150% and 200% of the rated secondary current. 6.4 Temperature rise
shall comply with the provisions of Article 6.4 of GB/T15283. 6.5 Dielectric properties
shall comply with the provisions of Article 6.5 of GB/T15283. 2
7 Instrument marking
7.1 Nameplate
Each instrument shall have the following information:
GB/T15282-94
Manufacturer name or trademark and manufacturer address (if required); b.
Type name and location of approval mark (if necessary); C.
Applicable to the number of phases and lines of the instrument (for example, single-phase two-wire, three-phase three-wire, three-phase four-wire), this mark can be replaced by the graphic symbol shown in Appendix A:
d. Serial number and year of manufacture. If the serial number is marked on a plate fixed on the meter cover, this number should also be marked on the bottom and base of the meter; e.
Reference voltage, marked in one of the following forms: number of components (if more than one), and the voltage at the terminal of the instrument voltage line; the nominal voltage of the system or the secondary voltage of the instrument transformer used to connect to the meter. Marking examples are shown in Table 1.
Voltage marking
Single-phase two-wire 127V meter
Single-phase three-wire 127V meter (127V is relative to the middle line) Three-phase three-wire, phase-to-phase 220V, 2 elements
Three-phase four-wire 0° meter 220/380, 3 elements three-element 90° meter three (or four) wire, phase-to-phase 220V using relative phase voltage meter
Single-phase two-wire meter voltage range is 110V~143V Single-phase two-wire meter reference voltage 127V and 220V voltage line terminal voltage and single Number of elements 127V
2×220V
3X220(380)V
3×220V
110~143V
127 and 220V
Nominal system voltage
3×220V
3X220/380V
3×220V
(3X127/220V)
110~143V
127 and 220V
f. For directly connected instruments, the basic current and maximum current examples are: 10-40A or 10 (40) A, which means the basic current of the instrument is 10A and the rated maximum current is 40A; for instruments connected to transformers, the secondary current of the transformer connected to the instrument is expressed as /5A. The basic current and rated maximum current of the instrument can be included in the type name, for example: ABC-1.5-6 or ABC-1.5 (6); g.
reference frequency is expressed in Hz;
instrument constant is expressed in the form of avar·h/r or ar/kvar·h; if required, it is classified by phase angle (such as: 0°90° or 60°): the instrument grade index is expressed by the grade number 2 or 3 in the circle or by \c1.2", "c1.3" indicates; if the reference temperature is not 23℃, it should be marked;
Symbol for insulated and enclosed Class I protection instruments.
Items a, b and c above can be marked on a plate permanently fixed on the meter cover. The information from items d to 1 is marked on a nameplate located inside the meter, for example, the nameplate can be fixed on the meter meter. This information can also be marked on the meter plate.
The marking should be clear, not easy to erase, and can be read from the outside of the meter. If the meter is a special type (for example, with a check valve, or when the voltage of the switching magnet of a multi-rate meter is different from the reference voltage, it should be specially marked on the nameplate or on another plate. If the meter records reactive energy by using only a transformer and the transformer has been taken into account in the meter constant, the transformer ratio should be marked. Standard symbol (see the translation of IEC Publication No. 387). 7.2 Wiring diagram and terminal markings
GB/T15282—94
Each meter should be marked with a wiring diagram that cannot be painted over. The wiring diagram should indicate the phase sequence and angle classification of the meter. After consultation between the two parties, the wiring diagram can be replaced by a national standard identification graphic. If the instrument terminals are marked with a mark, this mark should also appear on the wiring diagram. 8 Accuracy
8.1 Conditions for accuracy test
a. The meter cover should be in its original position,
For drum meters, only the fastest drum should rotate; b.
Before conducting any test, the voltage circuit should be energized for at least: c.
For -2 level instruments, it should be 2h;
For -3 level instruments, it should be energized for at least: The table is 1h.
The measured current should be adjusted in increments or decrements, and the current circuit should be maintained at each current value for a sufficient time to achieve thermal stability and correspondingly keep the speed constant.
d. In addition, for three-phase instruments:
Should comply with the phase sequence marked in the wiring diagram;
-The voltage and current system should be basically symmetrical: the difference between each phase voltage (line to neutral) or line voltage (line to line) and the corresponding voltage average value does not exceed ±1%. The difference between each phase current and the average value of each phase current does not exceed ±2%. The phase displacement of each current and the corresponding phase voltage, without considering the power factor, does not differ by more than 2°. Reference conditions are shown in Table 2.
Reference conditions
Ambient temperature
Working position||tt| |Magnetic induction intensity from external reference frequency||tt| ... a. The bottom of the meter is supported by a vertical wall;
b The reference edge (such as the lower edge of the terminal block) or the reference line marked on the meter case is horizontal. 3) The test includes:
a. For single-phase meters, first connect the meter to the power grid normally and measure the error. Then connect the current line and the voltage line in reverse and measure the error. Half of the difference between the two errors is the error change value. Because the phase of the external magnetic field is unknown, the test should be carried out under the conditions of 0.11 and power factor 1 to 4
GB/T15282-94
and 0.21 power factor 0.5 (inductive). b. For three-phase meters, 0.11. and power factor 1 are measured three times. After each measurement, the current line and voltage line wiring are changed by 120°, and the entire phase sequence does not change. The maximum difference between each error measured in this way and its average value is the error change value. 8.2 Error limits
Under the reference conditions specified in Article 8.1, the percentage error of the instrument shall not exceed the limits of the relevant accuracy grades specified in Tables 3 and 4.
Table 3 Percentage error limits (single-phase instrument and three-phase instrument with balanced load) Current value
0.2Ig~1mx
0.51~1mmx
Current value
Power factor
(leading or lagging)
Percentage error limits of instruments of various grades
Percentage error limits (three-phase instrument with single-phase load but symmetrical three-phase voltage in the voltage circuit) Power factor
Note: The test current should be added to each unit in an increasing or decreasing manner. 8.3 Instrument constant test
Should comply with the provisions of Article 8.3 of GB/T15283
8.4 Explanation of test results
Percent error limits of instruments of various grades
Because measurement uncertainty and other parameters may affect the measurement, some test results may fall outside the limits shown in Tables 3 and 4. However, if the zero line is moved parallel once, the limit of the movement is not greater than the limit specified in Table 5, and all test results fall within the limits shown in Tables 3 and 4, the instrument is considered qualified. Table 5 Explanation of test results
Allow zero line movement%
8.5 Influence of influencing quantities
When determining the influence of individual influencing quantities, the values and conditions of other influencing quantities shall be in accordance with the provisions of Article 8.1. 8.5.1 Effect of ambient temperature
The determination of the average temperature coefficient for a given temperature shall be carried out within a temperature range of 20°C, i.e. 10°C above and 10°C below the given temperature, but shall not be carried out at temperatures below 0°C and above 40°C. In all cases, the average temperature coefficient shall be determined at least at the reference temperature and shall not exceed the limits specified in Table 6. 5
Current value
0.1Ib~1mmx
0. 2 I~Imx
8.5.2 Other influencing quantities
Change of influencing quantity relative to reference
conditions
Tilt suspension 3°
Voltage±10%
Rated rate±5%
Magnetic induction strength from the outside
Degree 0.5mT1)
Attachment magnetic field2
Mechanical load of single-rate or multi-rate meter
3)
Power factor
0.5 (lagging)
Current value
GB/T15282—94||t t||Temperature coefficient
Average temperature coefficient of each class of instruments, %/°C2
(balanced load, unless otherwise specified)
and Imx
IgImax
Influence
Power factor
0.5 (leading or lagging)
Limit of percentage error change of each class of instruments2
Note: 1) The magnetic flux density of the external magnetic field of 0.5 mT produced by the current of the same frequency as the voltage applied to the instrument should not cause the percentage error of the instrument to change by more than the value shown in Table 7 under the most unfavorable conditions of phase and direction. This value of magnetic flux density can be obtained by placing the instrument at the center of a circular coil with an average diameter of 1 m, a rectangular cross-section, a small radial thickness relative to the diameter, and a coil of 400 ampere-turns.
2) Refers to intermittently energized accessories enclosed in the instrument housing, such as the electromagnet of a multi-rate meter. It is best to indicate the connection method of auxiliary devices. If the connection is by plug or socket, these connections shall be irreversible. However, in the absence of the above marking or irreversible connection, if the instrument is tested under the most unfavorable connection conditions, the error change shall not exceed the value indicated in Table 7.
3) This influence has been compensated when calibrating the instrument. 8.6
Short-time overcurrent
The test circuit shall be practically non-inductive. The voltage is maintained at the terminals. After the short-time overcurrent is applied, the instrument shall be able to return to the initial temperature when the voltage circuit is energized (about 1h). 8.6.1 Direct connection of the instrument
The instrument shall be able to load an impulse current\, the peak value of which is equal to 50 times the rated maximum current (or 7000A, whichever is lower), and maintain 25 times the maximum rated current (or 3500A, whichever is lower) for 1ms. Note: 1) The pulse current can be obtained by capacitor discharge or silicon-controlled rectifier power supply. After this test, the error change shall not exceed the value shown in Table 8. 8.6.2 Instruments connected via current transformers
The instrument should be able to load 0.5s with a current equal to 20 times the rated maximum current. After this test, the error change should not exceed the value shown in Table 8. 6
The instrument is used for
direct connection
connection via current transformers
8.7 Self-heating effect
GB/T15282—94
Changes caused by short-time overcurrent
Power factor
Percent error limits of instruments of various grades
After the current circuit is without current and the voltage circuit is energized at the reference voltage for at least 2h (grade 2) and 1h (grade 3), the rated maximum current is applied to the current circuit. After the current is applied, the instrument error is measured immediately when the power factor is 1, and then the correct error change curve as a function of time is drawn at sufficiently short time intervals. This test should be carried out for at least 1h, and in any case, it should be carried out until the error change does not exceed 0.2% within 20min.
The same test is carried out when the power factor is equal to 0.5 (lagging). The error change measured as specified should not exceed the value specified in Table 9. Table 9 Changes due to self-heating effects
Starting and creeping
Power factor
0.5 (lagging)
Changes in percentage error for each level of instrument 2
This test condition and the value of the influence shall be in accordance with the provisions of 8.1, except for the following provisions 9.1 Starting
When the current of the level 2 and level 3 instruments is 0.0051 and 0.011 respectively and sing = 1 (leading or lagging), the instrument rotor shall start and rotate continuously.
Check the rotor and make the rotor rotate at least one complete revolution. For instruments with drum type meters, this shall be done when no more than two drums rotate. 9.2 Creeping
It shall comply with the provisions of Article 9.2 of GB/T15283. 10 Adjustment
In general, appropriate adjustment devices shall be provided. The manufacturer may produce instruments without further adjustment devices by agreement between the user and the manufacturer.
Instruments equipped with adjustment devices and instruments that have been adjusted in accordance with this standard shall be able to provide at least the following further adjustments. The test shall be carried out under the conditions specified in Article 8.1. a. Braking element adjustment
Change the speed by not less than ±4% under the conditions of 0.51mx, reference voltage, reference frequency and sinp-1. b. Light load adjustment
Change the speed by not less than ±4% under the conditions of 0.051s, reference voltage, reference frequency and sing-1. c. Phase angle adjustment (for instruments with this requirement) Change the speed by not less than ±1% under the conditions of sing-0.5 (leading or lagging) under the conditions of 0.51mx, reference voltage and reference frequency. 7
GB/T15282—94
Appendix A
Graphical symbols for reactive watt-hour meters
(Supplement)
The following symbols are given as examples. Each voltage circuit is represented by a straight line, and each current circuit is represented by a black or white dot (small circle).
At the end of each straight line representing the voltage circuit, a small dot is placed to indicate that the current circuit and the voltage circuit have a common connection point. If the current circuit and the voltage circuit with such a common connection point are not part of the same electromagnetic component, the dot representing the current circuit is connected to the midpoint of the straight line representing the voltage circuit in the form of a lead, and the thickness of the lead shall not exceed half of the straight line. If an electromagnetic component has two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1/K, the diameters of the dots should have approximately the same ratio. If in the case of two straight line symbols (such as symbols i) and i)), the direction towards the common point is regarded as the positive direction, and in the case of triangular symbols (such as symbol h)), the triangular direction is regarded as the positive direction, then the angle between the two straight lines in the symbol represents the phase angle of the two corresponding voltages. In order to distinguish the direction of the voltage acting on each current, the current affected by the positive direction of the voltage should be represented by a black dot, and the current affected by the negative direction of the voltage should be represented by a white dot. Example 1 Instrument (0) uses the symbol
Symbol a) to indicate that the instrument has one element, one current winding and one voltage winding (one-phase two-wire line); symbol b) indicates that the instrument has one element, one voltage winding and two current windings (one-phase two-wire line or three-wire line, the voltage winding is connected to the external end wire);
Symbol c) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is connected to the external end of the single-phase three-wire line, and the corresponding voltage line is connected between the external end and the neutral line;
Symbol d) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is inserted into the phase conductor of the three-phase line, and the voltage winding of each element is connected between the neutral line and the phase conductor into which the current winding is inserted; e)
Example 2 Three-phase instrument (90°) uses the symbol
GB/T 15282—94
Symbol e) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for two-wattmeter method connection (three-phase three-wire line);
Symbol f) indicates that the instrument has three elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for three-wattmeter method connection (three-phase four-wire line);
Symbol g) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, and the current windings are connected in two phase conductors of a two-phase three-wire line.
Symbol h) indicates that the instrument has three electromagnetic elements, each of which has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, wherein the current circuit of each element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the other two electromagnetic elements. The voltage circuit of each electromagnetic element is powered by the voltage between the phase conductors not included in the current circuit. Symbol h) corresponds to the diagram h'\), which is applicable to three-phase three-wire or four-wire lines. 9
Example 3 Three-phase meter (60°) uses the symbol
Advantages of the symbol:
GB/T15282—94
Symbol 1) indicates that the three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1:2 (n turns and 2n turns). Each n-turn circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the same electromagnetic element, and each 2m-turn current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the electromagnetic element.
The n-turn circuit of one electromagnetic element and the 2n-turn circuit of another electromagnetic element are connected to a positive voltage. On the contrary, the first 2m-turn circuit and the second n-turn circuit are connected to a negative voltage. Symbol i) corresponds to Figure 1), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire circuits.
Symbol j) indicates that a three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, one current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the other electromagnetic element, and the current circuit of the other electromagnetic element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the two electromagnetic elements.
Symbol j) corresponds to the diagram \), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire lines.
The symbols used in this appendix indicate the number of electromagnetic elements and the number of current circuits for each element, the electrical connection between the current and voltage windings and their configuration in the meter. It also indicates whether it is a single-phase or three-phase system and the number of conductors. The use of these symbols allows the representation methods listed in Article 7, Item d in the main text of this standard to be omitted. The representation methods listed in Article 7, Item f are simplified. In a two-electromagnetic element three-phase circuit meter, if the voltage between the phase conductors is 220V, "220V" should be written on the right side of the symbol i) or i) (if possible); in a three-electromagnetic element three-phase three-wire meter, "380V" should be written on the right side of the symbol h), and in a three-phase circuit with a neutral line, "220/380V" should be written on the right side of the same symbol. The combination of EC text symbols has a great advantage, that is, the technical signs on the nameplate are unified, regardless of the language of the importing country.
Additional Notes:
GB/T15282-94
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Instruments and Meters. This standard was drafted by the Harbin Electrical Instrument Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Xue Dejin, Wang Rong, Bai Jingfang, Xu Lan, and Chen Bo. 111 Starting
When the current of the level 2 and level 3 instruments is 0.0051 and 0.011 respectively and sing=1 (leading or lagging), the instrument rotor shall start and rotate continuously.
When checking the rotor, the rotor shall be rotated at least once. For instruments with drum type meters, this shall be carried out when no more than two drums rotate. 9.2 Running
It shall comply with the provisions of Article 9.2 of GB/T15283. 10 Adjustment
In general, appropriate adjustment devices shall be provided. The manufacturer may produce instruments without further adjustment devices through consultation between the user and the manufacturer.
Instruments equipped with adjustment devices and instruments that have been adjusted in accordance with this standard shall at least be able to provide the following further adjustments. The test shall be carried out under the conditions specified in Article 8.1. a. Braking element adjustment
Under the conditions of 0.51mx, reference voltage, reference frequency and sinp-1, the speed shall be changed by not less than ±4%. b. Light load adjustment
Under the conditions of 0.051s, reference voltage, reference frequency and sing-1, the speed shall be changed by not less than ±4%. c. Phase angle adjustment (for instruments with this requirement) Under the conditions of sing-0.5 (leading or lagging) under the conditions of 0.51mx, reference voltage and reference frequency, the speed shall be changed by not less than ±1%. 7
GB/T15282-94
Appendix A
Graphic symbols for reactive watt-hour meters
(Supplement)
The following symbols are given as examples, each voltage line is represented by a straight line, and each current line is represented by a black or white dot (small circle).
At the end of each line representing the voltage circuit, a small dot is placed to indicate that the current circuit and the voltage circuit have a common connection. If the current circuit and the voltage circuit with such a common connection are not part of the same electromagnetic element, the dot representing the current circuit is connected to the midpoint of the line representing the voltage circuit by a lead wire, the thickness of the lead wire not exceeding half of the line. If an electromagnetic element has two current circuits, the turns ratio of which is 1/K, the diameters of the dots representing the current circuit should have approximately the same ratio. If in the two straight line symbols (such as symbols i) and i)), the direction towards the common point is regarded as the positive direction, and in the case of the triangle symbol (such as symbol h)), the triangle direction is regarded as the positive direction, then the angle between the two straight lines in the symbol represents the phase angle of the two corresponding voltages. In order to distinguish the direction of the voltage acting on each current, the current affected by the positive direction of the voltage should be represented by a black dot, and the current affected by the negative direction of the voltage should be represented by a white dot. Example 1 Instrument (0) uses the symbol
Symbol a) to indicate that the instrument has one element, one current winding and one voltage winding (one-phase two-wire line); symbol b) indicates that the instrument has one element, one voltage winding and two current windings (one-phase two-wire line or three-wire line, the voltage winding is connected to the external end wire);
Symbol c) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is connected to the external end of the single-phase three-wire line, and the corresponding voltage line is connected between the external end and the neutral line;
Symbol d) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is inserted into the phase conductor of the three-phase line, and the voltage winding of each element is connected between the neutral line and the phase conductor into which the current winding is inserted; e)
Example 2 Three-phase instrument (90°) uses the symbol
GB/T 15282—94
Symbol e) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for two-wattmeter method connection (three-phase three-wire line);
Symbol f) indicates that the instrument has three elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for three-wattmeter method connection (three-phase four-wire line);
Symbol g) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, and the current windings are connected in two phase conductors of a two-phase three-wire line.
Symbol h) indicates that the instrument has three electromagnetic elements, each of which has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, wherein the current circuit of each element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the other two electromagnetic elements. The voltage circuit of each electromagnetic element is powered by the voltage between the phase conductors not included in the current circuit. Symbol h) corresponds to the diagram h'\), which is applicable to three-phase three-wire or four-wire lines. 9
Example 3 Three-phase meter (60°) uses the symbol
Advantages of the symbol:
GB/T15282—94
Symbol 1) indicates that the three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1:2 (n turns and 2n turns). Each n-turn circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the same electromagnetic element, and each 2m-turn current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the electromagnetic element.
The n-turn circuit of one electromagnetic element and the 2n-turn circuit of another electromagnetic element are connected to a positive voltage. On the contrary, the first 2m-turn circuit and the second n-turn circuit are connected to a negative voltage. Symbol i) corresponds to Figure 1), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire circuits.
Symbol j) indicates that a three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, one current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the other electromagnetic element, and the current circuit of the other electromagnetic element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the two electromagnetic elements.
Symbol j) corresponds to the diagram \), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire lines.
The symbols used in this appendix indicate the number of electromagnetic elements and the number of current circuits for each element, the electrical connection between the current and voltage windings and their configuration in the meter. It also indicates whether it is a single-phase or three-phase system and the number of conductors. The use of these symbols allows the representation methods listed in Article 7, Item d in the main text of this standard to be omitted. The representation methods listed in Article 7, Item f are simplified. In a two-electromagnetic element three-phase circuit meter, if the voltage between the phase conductors is 220V, "220V" should be written on the right side of the symbol i) or i) (if possible); in a three-electromagnetic element three-phase three-wire meter, "380V" should be written on the right side of the symbol h), and in a three-phase circuit with a neutral line, "220/380V" should be written on the right side of the same symbol. The combination of EC text symbols has a great advantage, that is, the technical signs on the nameplate are unified, regardless of the language of the importing country.
Additional Notes:
GB/T15282-94
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Instruments and Meters. This standard was drafted by the Harbin Electrical Instrument Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Xue Dejin, Wang Rong, Bai Jingfang, Xu Lan, and Chen Bo. 111 Starting
When the current of the level 2 and level 3 instruments is 0.0051 and 0.011 respectively and sing=1 (leading or lagging), the instrument rotor shall start and rotate continuously.
When checking the rotor, the rotor shall be rotated at least once. For instruments with drum type meters, this shall be carried out when no more than two drums rotate. 9.2 Running
It shall comply with the provisions of Article 9.2 of GB/T15283. 10 Adjustment
In general, appropriate adjustment devices shall be provided. The manufacturer may produce instruments without further adjustment devices through consultation between the user and the manufacturer.
Instruments equipped with adjustment devices and instruments that have been adjusted in accordance with this standard shall at least be able to provide the following further adjustments. The test shall be carried out under the conditions specified in Article 8.1. a. Braking element adjustment
Under the conditions of 0.51mx, reference voltage, reference frequency and sinp-1, the speed shall be changed by not less than ±4%. b. Light load adjustment
Under the conditions of 0.051s, reference voltage, reference frequency and sing-1, the speed shall be changed by not less than ±4%. c. Phase angle adjustment (for instruments with this requirement) Under the conditions of sing-0.5 (leading or lagging) under the conditions of 0.51mx, reference voltage and reference frequency, the speed shall be changed by not less than ±1%. 7
GB/T15282-94
Appendix AbzxZ.net
Graphic symbols for reactive watt-hour meters
(Supplement)
The following symbols are given as examples, each voltage line is represented by a straight line, and each current line is represented by a black or white dot (small circle).
At the end of each line representing the voltage circuit, a small dot is placed to indicate that the current circuit and the voltage circuit have a common connection. If the current circuit and the voltage circuit with such a common connection are not part of the same electromagnetic element, the dot representing the current circuit is connected to the midpoint of the line representing the voltage circuit by a lead wire, the thickness of the lead wire not exceeding half of the line. If an electromagnetic element has two current circuits, the turns ratio of which is 1/K, the diameters of the dots representing the current circuit should have approximately the same ratio. If in the two straight line symbols (such as symbols i) and i)), the direction towards the common point is regarded as the positive direction, and in the case of the triangle symbol (such as symbol h)), the triangle direction is regarded as the positive direction, then the angle between the two straight lines in the symbol represents the phase angle of the two corresponding voltages. In order to distinguish the direction of the voltage acting on each current, the current affected by the positive direction of the voltage should be represented by a black dot, and the current affected by the negative direction of the voltage should be represented by a white dot. Example 1 Instrument (0) uses the symbol
Symbol a) to indicate that the instrument has one element, one current winding and one voltage winding (one-phase two-wire line); symbol b) indicates that the instrument has one element, one voltage winding and two current windings (one-phase two-wire line or three-wire line, the voltage winding is connected to the external end wire);
Symbol c) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is connected to the external end of the single-phase three-wire line, and the corresponding voltage line is connected between the external end and the neutral line;
Symbol d) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is inserted into the phase conductor of the three-phase line, and the voltage winding of each element is connected between the neutral line and the phase conductor into which the current winding is inserted; e)
Example 2 Three-phase instrument (90°) uses the symbol
GB/T 15282—94
Symbol e) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for two-wattmeter method connection (three-phase three-wire line);
Symbol f) indicates that the instrument has three elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for three-wattmeter method connection (three-phase four-wire line);
Symbol g) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, and the current windings are connected in two phase conductors of a two-phase three-wire line.
Symbol h) indicates that the instrument has three electromagnetic elements, each of which has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, wherein the current circuit of each element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the other two electromagnetic elements. The voltage circuit of each electromagnetic element is powered by the voltage between the phase conductors not included in the current circuit. Symbol h) corresponds to the diagram h'\), which is applicable to three-phase three-wire or four-wire lines. 9
Example 3 Three-phase meter (60°) uses the symbol
Advantages of the symbol:
GB/T15282—94
Symbol 1) indicates that the three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1:2 (n turns and 2n turns). Each n-turn circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the same electromagnetic element, and each 2m-turn current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the electromagnetic element.
The n-turn circuit of one electromagnetic element and the 2n-turn circuit of another electromagnetic element are connected to a positive voltage. On the contrary, the first 2m-turn circuit and the second n-turn circuit are connected to a negative voltage. Symbol i) corresponds to Figure 1), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire circuits.
Symbol j) indicates that a three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, one current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the other electromagnetic element, and the current circuit of the other electromagnetic element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the two electromagnetic elements.
Symbol j) corresponds to the diagram \), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire lines.
The symbols used in this appendix indicate the number of electromagnetic elements and the number of current circuits for each element, the electrical connection between the current and voltage windings and their configuration in the meter. It also indicates whether it is a single-phase or three-phase system and the number of conductors. The use of these symbols allows the representation methods listed in Article 7, Item d in the main text of this standard to be omitted. The representation methods listed in Article 7, Item f are simplified. In a two-electromagnetic element three-phase circuit meter, if the voltage between the phase conductors is 220V, "220V" should be written on the right side of the symbol i) or i) (if possible); in a three-electromagnetic element three-phase three-wire meter, "380V" should be written on the right side of the symbol h), and in a three-phase circuit with a neutral line, "220/380V" should be written on the right side of the same symbol. The combination of EC text symbols has a great advantage, that is, the technical signs on the nameplate are unified, regardless of the language of the importing country.
Additional Notes:
GB/T15282-94
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Instruments and Meters. This standard was drafted by the Harbin Electrical Instrument Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Xue Dejin, Wang Rong, Bai Jingfang, Xu Lan, and Chen Bo. 11Under the conditions of 51mx, reference voltage and reference frequency, the speed change shall not be less than ±1%. 7
GB/T15282-94
Appendix A
Graphical symbols for reactive watt-hour meters
(Supplement)
The following symbols are given as examples. Each voltage circuit is represented by a straight line, and each current circuit is represented by a black or white dot (small circle).
At the end of each straight line representing the voltage circuit, a small dot is placed to indicate that the current circuit and the voltage circuit have a common connection point. If the current circuit and the voltage circuit with such a common connection point are not part of the same electromagnetic component, the dot representing the current circuit is connected to the midpoint of the straight line representing the voltage circuit in the form of a lead, and the thickness of the lead shall not exceed half of the straight line. If an electromagnetic component has two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1/K, the diameters of the dots should have approximately the same ratio. If in the case of two straight line symbols (such as symbols i) and i)), the direction towards the common point is regarded as the positive direction, and in the case of triangular symbols (such as symbol h)), the triangular direction is regarded as the positive direction, then the angle between the two straight lines in the symbol represents the phase angle of the two corresponding voltages. In order to distinguish the direction of the voltage acting on each current, the current affected by the positive direction of the voltage should be represented by a black dot, and the current affected by the negative direction of the voltage should be represented by a white dot. Example 1 Instrument (0) uses the symbol
Symbol a) to indicate that the instrument has one element, one current winding and one voltage winding (one-phase two-wire line); symbol b) indicates that the instrument has one element, one voltage winding and two current windings (one-phase two-wire line or three-wire line, the voltage winding is connected to the external end wire);
Symbol c) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is connected to the external end of the single-phase three-wire line, and the corresponding voltage line is connected between the external end and the neutral line;
Symbol d) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is inserted into the phase conductor of the three-phase line, and the voltage winding of each element is connected between the neutral line and the phase conductor into which the current winding is inserted; e)
Example 2 Three-phase instrument (90°) uses the symbol
GB/T 15282—94
Symbol e) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for two-wattmeter method connection (three-phase three-wire line);
Symbol f) indicates that the instrument has three elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for three-wattmeter method connection (three-phase four-wire line);
Symbol g) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, and the current windings are connected in two phase conductors of a two-phase three-wire line.
Symbol h) indicates that the instrument has three electromagnetic elements, each of which has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, wherein the current circuit of each element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the other two electromagnetic elements. The voltage circuit of each electromagnetic element is powered by the voltage between the phase conductors not included in the current circuit. Symbol h) corresponds to the diagram h'\), which is applicable to three-phase three-wire or four-wire lines. 9
Example 3 Three-phase meter (60°) uses the symbol
Advantages of the symbol:
GB/T15282—94
Symbol 1) indicates that the three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1:2 (n turns and 2n turns). Each n-turn circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the same electromagnetic element, and each 2m-turn current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the electromagnetic element.
The n-turn circuit of one electromagnetic element and the 2n-turn circuit of another electromagnetic element are connected to a positive voltage. On the contrary, the first 2m-turn circuit and the second n-turn circuit are connected to a negative voltage. Symbol i) corresponds to Figure 1), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire circuits.
Symbol j) indicates that a three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, one current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the other electromagnetic element, and the current circuit of the other electromagnetic element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the two electromagnetic elements.
Symbol j) corresponds to the diagram \), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire lines.
The symbols used in this appendix indicate the number of electromagnetic elements and the number of current circuits for each element, the electrical connection between the current and voltage windings and their configuration in the meter. It also indicates whether it is a single-phase or three-phase system and the number of conductors. The use of these symbols allows the representation methods listed in Article 7, Item d in the main text of this standard to be omitted. The representation methods listed in Article 7, Item f are simplified. In a two-electromagnetic element three-phase circuit meter, if the voltage between the phase conductors is 220V, "220V" should be written on the right side of the symbol i) or i) (if possible); in a three-electromagnetic element three-phase three-wire meter, "380V" should be written on the right side of the symbol h), and in a three-phase circuit with a neutral line, "220/380V" should be written on the right side of the same symbol. The combination of EC text symbols has a great advantage, that is, the technical signs on the nameplate are unified, regardless of the language of the importing country.
Additional Notes:
GB/T15282-94
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Instruments and Meters. This standard was drafted by the Harbin Electrical Instrument Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Xue Dejin, Wang Rong, Bai Jingfang, Xu Lan, and Chen Bo. 11Under the conditions of 51mx, reference voltage and reference frequency, the speed change shall not be less than ±1%. 7
GB/T15282-94
Appendix A
Graphical symbols for reactive watt-hour meters
(Supplement)
The following symbols are given as examples. Each voltage circuit is represented by a straight line, and each current circuit is represented by a black or white dot (small circle).
At the end of each straight line representing the voltage circuit, a small dot is placed to indicate that the current circuit and the voltage circuit have a common connection point. If the current circuit and the voltage circuit with such a common connection point are not part of the same electromagnetic component, the dot representing the current circuit is connected to the midpoint of the straight line representing the voltage circuit in the form of a lead, and the thickness of the lead shall not exceed half of the straight line. If an electromagnetic component has two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1/K, the diameters of the dots should have approximately the same ratio. If in the case of two straight line symbols (such as symbols i) and i)), the direction towards the common point is regarded as the positive direction, and in the case of triangular symbols (such as symbol h)), the triangular direction is regarded as the positive direction, then the angle between the two straight lines in the symbol represents the phase angle of the two corresponding voltages. In order to distinguish the direction of the voltage acting on each current, the current affected by the positive direction of the voltage should be represented by a black dot, and the current affected by the negative direction of the voltage should be represented by a white dot. Example 1 Instrument (0) uses the symbol
Symbol a) to indicate that the instrument has one element, one current winding and one voltage winding (one-phase two-wire line); symbol b) indicates that the instrument has one element, one voltage winding and two current windings (one-phase two-wire line or three-wire line, the voltage winding is connected to the external end wire);
Symbol c) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is connected to the external end of the single-phase three-wire line, and the corresponding voltage line is connected between the external end and the neutral line;
Symbol d) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each element has a voltage winding and a current winding, the current winding is inserted into the phase conductor of the three-phase line, and the voltage winding of each element is connected between the neutral line and the phase conductor into which the current winding is inserted; e)
Example 2 Three-phase instrument (90°) uses the symbol
GB/T 15282—94
Symbol e) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for two-wattmeter method connection (three-phase three-wire line);
Symbol f) indicates that the instrument has three elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for three-wattmeter method connection (three-phase four-wire line);
Symbol g) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, and the current windings are connected in two phase conductors of a two-phase three-wire line.
Symbol h) indicates that the instrument has three electromagnetic elements, each of which has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, wherein the current circuit of each element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the other two electromagnetic elements. The voltage circuit of each electromagnetic element is powered by the voltage between the phase conductors not included in the current circuit. Symbol h) corresponds to the diagram h'\), which is applicable to three-phase three-wire or four-wire lines. 9
Example 3 Three-phase meter (60°) uses the symbol
Advantages of the symbol:
GB/T15282—94
Symbol 1) indicates that the three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1:2 (n turns and 2n turns). Each n-turn circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the same electromagnetic element, and each 2m-turn current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the electromagnetic element.
The n-turn circuit of one electromagnetic element and the 2n-turn circuit of another electromagnetic element are connected to a positive voltage. On the contrary, the first 2m-turn circuit and the second n-turn circuit are connected to a negative voltage. Symbol i) corresponds to Figure 1), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire circuits.
Symbol j) indicates that a three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, one current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the other electromagnetic element, and the current circuit of the other electromagnetic element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the two electromagnetic elements.
Symbol j) corresponds to the diagram \), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire lines.
The symbols used in this appendix indicate the number of electromagnetic elements and the number of current circuits for each element, the electrical connection between the current and voltage windings and their configuration in the meter. It also indicates whether it is a single-phase or three-phase system and the number of conductors. The use of these symbols allows the representation methods listed in Article 7, Item d in the main text of this standard to be omitted. The representation methods listed in Article 7, Item f are simplified. In a two-electromagnetic element three-phase circuit meter, if the voltage between the phase conductors is 220V, "220V" should be written on the right side of the symbol i) or i) (if possible); in a three-electromagnetic element three-phase three-wire meter, "380V" should be written on the right side of the symbol h), and in a three-phase circuit with a neutral line, "220/380V" should be written on the right side of the same symbol. The combination of EC text symbols has a great advantage, that is, the technical signs on the nameplate are unified, regardless of the language of the importing country.
Additional Notes:
GB/T15282-94
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Instruments and Meters. This standard was drafted by the Harbin Electrical Instrument Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Xue Dejin, Wang Rong, Bai Jingfang, Xu Lan, and Chen Bo. 1115282—94
Symbol e) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for two-wattmeter method connection (three-phase three-wire line);
Symbol f) indicates that the instrument has three elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for three-wattmeter method connection (three-phase four-wire line);
Symbol g) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, and the current windings are connected in two phase conductors of a two-phase three-wire line.
Symbol h) indicates that the instrument has three electromagnetic elements, each of which has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, wherein the current circuit of each element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the other two electromagnetic elements. The voltage circuit of each electromagnetic element is powered by the voltage between the phase conductors not included in the current circuit. Symbol h) corresponds to the diagram h'\), which is applicable to three-phase three-wire or four-wire lines. 9
Example 3 Three-phase meter (60°) uses the symbol
Advantages of the symbol:
GB/T15282—94
Symbol 1) indicates that the three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1:2 (n turns and 2n turns). Each n-turn circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the same electromagnetic element, and each 2m-turn current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the electromagnetic element.
The n-turn circuit of one electromagnetic element and the 2n-turn circuit of another electromagnetic element are connected to a positive voltage. On the contrary, the first 2m-turn circuit and the second n-turn circuit are connected to a negative voltage. Symbol i) corresponds to Figure 1), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire circuits.
Symbol j) indicates that a three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, one current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the other electromagnetic element, and the current circuit of the other electromagnetic element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the two electromagnetic elements.
Symbol j) corresponds to the diagram \), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire lines.
The symbols used in this appendix indicate the number of electromagnetic elements and the number of current circuits for each element, the electrical connection between the current and voltage windings and their configuration in the meter. It also indicates whether it is a single-phase or three-phase system and the number of conductors. The use of these symbols allows the representation methods listed in Article 7, Item d in the main text of this standard to be omitted. The representation methods listed in Article 7, Item f are simplified. In a two-electromagnetic element three-phase circuit meter, if the voltage between the phase conductors is 220V, "220V" should be written on the right side of the symbol i) or i) (if possible); in a three-electromagnetic element three-phase three-wire meter, "380V" should be written on the right side of the symbol h), and in a three-phase circuit with a neutral line, "220/380V" should be written on the right side of the same symbol. The combination of EC text symbols has a great advantage, that is, the technical signs on the nameplate are unified, regardless of the language of the importing country.
Additional Notes:
GB/T15282-94
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Instruments and Meters. This standard was drafted by the Harbin Electrical Instrument Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Xue Dejin, Wang Rong, Bai Jingfang, Xu Lan, and Chen Bo. 1115282—94
Symbol e) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for two-wattmeter method connection (three-phase three-wire line);
Symbol f) indicates that the instrument has three elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, suitable for three-wattmeter method connection (three-phase four-wire line);
Symbol g) indicates that the instrument has two elements, each of which has a voltage winding and a current winding, and the current windings are connected in two phase conductors of a two-phase three-wire line.
Symbol h) indicates that the instrument has three electromagnetic elements, each of which has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, wherein the current circuit of each element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the other two electromagnetic elements. The voltage circuit of each electromagnetic element is powered by the voltage between the phase conductors not included in the current circuit. Symbol h) corresponds to the diagram h'\), which is applicable to three-phase three-wire or four-wire lines. 9
Example 3 Three-phase meter (60°) uses the symbol
Advantages of the symbol:
GB/T15282—94
Symbol 1) indicates that the three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and two current circuits, and the turns ratio is 1:2 (n turns and 2n turns). Each n-turn circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the same electromagnetic element, and each 2m-turn current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the electromagnetic element.
The n-turn circuit of one electromagnetic element and the 2n-turn circuit of another electromagnetic element are connected to a positive voltage. On the contrary, the first 2m-turn circuit and the second n-turn circuit are connected to a negative voltage. Symbol i) corresponds to Figure 1), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire circuits.
Symbol j) indicates that a three-phase meter has two electromagnetic elements, each element has a voltage circuit and a current circuit, one current circuit has a common point with the voltage circuit of the other electromagnetic element, and the current circuit of the other electromagnetic element has a common point with the voltage circuits of the two electromagnetic elements.
Symbol j) corresponds to the diagram \), and is applicable to three-phase three-wire lines.
The symbols used in this appendix indicate the number of electromagnetic elements and the number of current circuits for each element, the electrical connection between the current and voltage windings and their configuration in the meter. It also indicates whether it is a single-phase or three-phase system and the number of conductors. The use of these symbols allows the representation methods listed in Article 7, Item d in the main text of this standard to be omitted. The representation methods listed in Article 7, Item f are simplified. In a two-electromagnetic element three-phase circuit meter, if the voltage between the phase conductors is 220V, "220V" should be written on the right side of the symbol i) or i) (if possible); in a three-electromagnetic element three-phase three-wire meter, "380V" should be written on the right side of the symbol h), and in a three-phase circuit with a neutral line, "220/380V" should be written on the right side of the same symbol. The combination of EC text symbols has a great advantage, that is, the technical signs on the nameplate are unified, regardless of the language of the importing country.
Additional Notes:
GB/T15282-94
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Instruments and Meters. This standard was drafted by the Harbin Electrical Instrument Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard are Xue Dejin, Wang Rong, Bai Jingfang, Xu Lan, and Chen Bo. 11
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